-Caveat Lector-

All drivers may appear in digital lineups

http://www.sptimes.com/News/122200/TampaBay/All_drivers_may_appea.shtml

The Pinellas Sheriff's Office gets $3.5-million for a new
photo-matching program.

By LISA GREENE
� St.  Petersburg Times
December 22, 2000

LARGO -- Pinellas County sheriff's deputies plan to start looking
at your picture every time they're looking for a criminal
suspect.

That's because the Sheriff's Office won a $3.5-million federal
grant, igned Thursday by President Clinton, to match photos of
crime suspects with databases of other photos, including Florida
driver's license pictures.

Pinellas Sheriff Everett Rice says the program will be a huge
asset, but some criminal defense lawyers say it may infringe on
citizens' privacy rights.

"Just another Big Brother situation, if you ask me," said Denis
deVlaming, who thinks reviewing license photos would violate
Florida's Constitution.  It specifically gives Floridians a right
to privacy.

Anthony Battaglia agreed.

"My picture's been up there for 10 years, and I think I have a
right of privacy," Battaglia said.

Battaglia's partner, Timothy Weber, noted that drivers already
licensed didn't know their pictures could be used this way.

The question is, what was the consent you gave at the time you
gave your driver's license photo?" he said.

But the sheriff doesn't see a problem.

"I don't see anything Big Brother about it," Rice said.  "The
innocent public out there doesn't have to worry because all it's
going to do is point to a possibility or a probability."

Still, he is expecting controversy.

"I'm sure, like everything else we do in our business, it'll be
subject a court challenge, but I just don't see a violation here
at all," Rice saiid.

Rice compared the program, called face recognition technology, to
DNA evidence and automated fingerprint matching.

"It's just amazing how this will boost our investigative
capabilities," Rice said.

The computer software would use a picture of a suspect, such as
one taken by a surveillance camera at a bank or convenience
store, or a police composite drawing.  It would measure the
suspect's face: the distance between the person's pupils, from
eye to nose, and other features.  Then it would review those
measurements against photos in databases.

In effect, the program could run every licensed Florida driver
through a photo lineup.

Pinellas would be the first police agency in Florida to use the
technology, but it's already being used in a few other states,
most often to prevent fraud rather than to catch criminals.

According to news reports, the Los Angeles Sheriff's Department
caught a mugger three years ago by comparing a composite sketch
to mug shots in its database.  But most of its mug shots aren't
digitized so they can be read by a computer.

In Illinois and West Virginia, computers check driver's license
applicants with existing license photos to make sure they don't
have another identity.  In Boston, welfare officials do the same
thing to prevent double-dippers.  But in Michigan, state
officials decided not to use the technology because of privacy
concerns.

DeVlaming compared the plan to the controversy generated several
years ago, when Florida sold the state's database of driver's
license photos to a private company that planned to use them to
help retail stores fight credit card fraud.  The sale generated
so much protest that Gov.  Jeb Bush canceled the contract in
early 1999.

But Bob Sanchez, spokesman for the Department of Highway Safety
and Motor Vehicles, said this program would be different because
it would be used only by law enforcement agencies.

Rice said he hopes to have the system working sometime next year,
"but that may be a little optimistic."

The Sheriff's Office has few details about how the technology
will operate.  It is working with a computer company, Viisage
Technology, and a consulting firm, the Lafayette Group.  But
officials still don't know what new computers or other equipment
they will need.

"There's still a lot of work to do, but it's a very exciting
prospect," said office spokeswoman Marianne Pasha.  "It's going
to be custom-designed for our use."

The department plans to phase in the technology, Pasha said,
first using a database of county jail booking photos, and then
moving on to Florida driver's license records and other photo
databases.  Those could include other local jails' booking photos
and federal arrest photos.

Records on the grant, which was included in legislation sponsored
by U.S.  Rep.  C.W.  Bill Young, the Largo Republican who is
chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, also say the
Florida Highway Patrol will participate in the plan.

Sanchez said late Thursday that the patrol met last week to
discuss the program, but that officials there haven't yet decided
whether the program is feasible.  Young and Pasha said the patrol
already agreed to participate.

In the past, Rice said, investigators have been frustrated by
surveillance photos.  Without other information, they have no way
to compare them to the records they have unless they look at
thousands of pictures.

"This is right up there with DNA and automated fingerprints,"
Rice said.  "It makes our job a lot more effective."

That's what scares deVlaming.  He envisions innocent people being
summoned to police lineups, where a witness could choose the
wrong person.

"You may resemble the individual who committed a crime," he said.
"You get put in a six-picture lineup, and you have a one in six
chance of being identified."

Weber questioned what would happen if the initial photo is
blurry.

"If it's sketchy, or fuzzy, or they got a bad angle, I would
think the courts would be very, very skeptical of letting
somebody be convicted solely on a comparison of two bad
pictures," he said.

Young said the technology will make false accusations less
likely.  He said the computer's measurement of suspects' features
will be a more exact tool than relying on the fuzzy memories of a
witness.

"This will actually protect the innocent, by more thoroughly
identifying the culprit," he said.  "This is the initial stages
on a new technology to help law enforcement in their fight
against crime."

- Times researcher Cathy Wos contributed to this report.

Related links

Viisage Technology website http://www.viisage.com/index.htm

How facial recognition works
http://www.viisage.com/facialrecog.htm

Related coverage

For your own sake, draw the line with the Social Security number
(August 27, 2000)


http://www.sptimes.com/News/082700/Perspective/For_your_own_sake__dr.shtml

The erosion of privacy (July 6, 1999)
http://www.sptimes.com/News/70699/Opinion/The_erosion_of_privac.shtml


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