February 26


BELGIUM:

Belgium continues to argue for universal abolition of the death penalty----Didier Reynders raised the inextricable link between poverty and the death penalty owing to the costs of legal proceedings, or the lack of legal knowledge of the criminal justice system.



The death penalty “disproportionately” affects disadvantaged and minority groups in the places where it remains in force, noted the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Didier Reynders.

He was speaking on Tuesday to the United Nations in Geneva. “This should not exist in the 21st century,” he stressed.

During a UN debate around discrimination linked to the death penalty, the Minister spoke on behalf of the 8 author countries that drafted the resolution forming the basis for the panel. These were in particular France, Switzerland, Mexico and even Benin. Despite the increase in the number of states abolishing the death penalty, capital punishment still applies in some parts of the globe, he regretted.

He expressed special concerned for those parts of the globe where apostasy (abandoning or renouncing a particular religious or political belief), blasphemy (the action or offence of speaking sacrilegiously about God or sacred things), adultery or homosexual relationships are capital offences.

“The application of the death penalty in these cases takes on a particularly discriminatory nature. It exclusively targets some segments of society, owing to them exercising their fundamental rights,” he said.

Didier Reynders raised the inextricable link between poverty and the death penalty owing to the costs of legal proceedings, and the lack of legal knowledge to face the criminal justice system. Racial, ethnic and sexual minorities, foreign nationals as well as women are particularly affected by the “disproportionate” application of this sentence.

"Above all, the death penalty is a serious violation of human rights, in particular, the right to life,” continued the Minister. “It is a cruel and irreversible punishment which infringes human dignity.” Its abolition is not a matter of culture but of political will, said the Minister for Foreign Affairs. "We have to move on from the position of simply a form of justice based upon killing.”

Belgium and its partners have even gone as far as criticizing the use of arguments of “based purely upon security” to justify capital punishment, notably the fight against terrorism and drug trafficking.

The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, who the Minister met before this debate, is pleased with the progress of the abolitionist movement, and called upon states to “get on the right side of History.” Currently, some 170 have abolished the death penalty, instituted a moratorium on its application or suspended executions for more than 10 years.

From Wednesday, Belgium will hold the 7th World Congress Against the Death Penalty, the most significant global capital punishment abolitionist event.

(source: Christopher Vincent, The Brussels Times)








NEW ZEALAND:

Capital Punishment for prisoners under guise of euthanasia



A recent study in Belgium has revealed that 23 prisoners in Belgium requested euthanasia between 2011 and 2017. Capital punishment is unlawful in Belgium. It is not permitted to give a prisoner a lethal injection as a punishment for his crimes, however it is lawful to give a prisoner who does not have a terminal condition a lethal injection as “health care”.

The Belgium prisoners were long term prisoners convicted for serious violent crimes and were unlikely to ever be released. Many would be without hope and considered that their lives were not worth living.

Capital punishment was abolished in New Zealand in 1961. Right to Life believes that if Parliament passes David Seymour’s End of Life Choice bill we could follow the example of Belgium, which allows prisoners being given a lethal injection for experiencing psychological suffering.

The Minister of Justice is concerned at the increasing numbers of prisoners in New Zealand prisons, the current number being over 10,000. The Minister has pledged to reduce this number by 30 per cent. Might it be tempting for a future government to accept allowing long term prisoners to be given a lethal injection as a solution to their psychological suffering? Certainly it is cheaper to kill than to provide care.

Right to Life believes that once we accept that there are some lives not worthy of life there will be no end to the killing of the vulnerable. Assisted suicide for psychological suffering is permitted in Holland and is currently being considered in Canada. This raises the question as to what grounds will be next?

Right to Life requests our Parliament to uphold the total prohibition of the killing of an innocent human being as the bedrock of the law and of medicine by voting against the dangerous End of Life Choice bill at its 2nd reading.

(source: scoop.co.nz)



BAHRAIN:

Bahrain court upholds death sentences for 2015 blast----Appellate court upholds death sentences, jail terms against 22 convicted earlier for involvement in Manama bombing



Bahrain’s Court of Cassation on Monday upheld death sentences handed down earlier against 2 people -- and jail terms for 20 others -- convicted of funding an “illegal terrorist group”, according to Bahraini state media.

The sentences against the 22 individuals, which are final and cannot be appealed, were first delivered by a lower court in 2017.

Charges on which the individuals were convicted include murdering police officers; the attempted murder of others; possession of explosive devices; receiving training in the use of weapons and explosives for terrorist purposes; and harboring fugitives,” according to the Bahrain News Agency.

The 22 were convicted in relation to a 2015 bombing in Manama that killed a police officer and injured 6 other people.

Anadolu Agency was unable to obtain immediate comment from the lawyers or families of the 22 sentenced individuals.

(source: aa.com.tr)




GLOBAL:

Drug offence executions more than halve in 2018 after Iran reform----Report warns that populist governments advocating use of death penalty may undermine global progress towards abolition.



Human rights experts have hailed a sharp drop in executions for drug offences in 2018, even as they expressed worries over a large number of people worldwide still facing the death penalty for non-violent drug crimes.

In a new report on Tuesday, Harm Reduction International (HRI) said it documented 91 executions for drug crimes last year, compared with 288 in 2017 - a 68 percent drop largely driven by fewer deaths in Iran following drug law reforms.

It is the 1st time the number of executions - which excludes China and Vietnam - has fallen below 100 since the London-based NGO started compiling figures in 2007.

But the annual report warned that at least 7,000 people across the world are on death row for drug offences and that populist governments advocating the use of capital punishment as a key plank of drug control policy could undermine global progress towards abolition.

"The fall in executions is undeniably positive but far too many people are still sentenced to death row for low-level drug offences where they suffer serious human rights violations," said Giada Girelli, the report's author and HRI's human rights analyst.

"There is simply no evidence that the death penalty serves as a deterrent and this inhumane practice must be abolished immediately."

The annual report said four countries carried out the death penalty for drug offences last year - Saudi Arabia, Iran, Singapore and China.

HRI said Saudi Arabia was responsible for the highest number of such executions, sending at least 59 people to their deaths. Iran followed with 23 people, followed by Singapore, where nine people were executed.

China continued to use capital punishment in relation to drug crimes, and HRI was able to confirm a number of specific occasions when people had been executed for drug offences.

The report did not provide a specific figure because the number of confirmed executions is likely to be an underestimate in a country where death penalty statistics are a state secret. China is also not included in the headline figure for global executions for the same reason. Nor is Vietnam where executions are also shrouded in secrecy.

Legislative reform

Executions in Iran dropped by 50 % last year following amendments to drug legislation that increased the minimum amounts of drugs for death penalty offences. The change meant executions were put on hold while cases were reviewed.

Asma Jahangir, the United Nations special rapporteur on human rights in Iran, said in March 2018 that 5,300 people were on death row or serving a life term in Iranian prisons for drug offences and could see their sentence commuted as a result of the new law.

However, she noted that a mandatory death sentence remained in force for a number of drug-related crimes.

In Malaysia, the government announced last year a moratorium on executions and said it would abolish the death penalty for all crimes, after earlier amending legislation that put those caught with even the smallest amounts of illicit substances facing the mandatory death penalty.

Ministers acknowledged that capital punishment had not succeeded in reducing drug use or trafficking, while the punitive policy meant more than 50 percent of inmates in the country's prisons were being held for drug offences.

No deterrent

Professor Adeeba Kamarulzaman, dean of medicine at the University of Malaya in Malaysia, said the world had reached a "tipping point" on the use of the death penalty in relation to drugs amid growing recognition that capital punishment was an ineffective deterrent.

Nevertheless, Malaysia's announcement triggered upset among those who support capital punishment and the necessary legislation has still to be introduced in parliament.

Adeeba said policymakers needed to better articulate their case.

They "have to try and change the narrative", she told Al Jazeera. "There is a combination of health and social issues that put people at risk. Getting people to understand that is important. In some ways, those of us in the medical world have abrogated our responsibilities to the justice system."

Despite evidence that capital punishment is no deterrent to drugs, HRI noted that last year some countries appeared to be looking to the death penalty as a key component of drug policy.

All the executions carried out in 2018 in Singapore were for drug offences, while Bangladesh expanded the application of the death penalty to more substances and Sri Lanka said it would end a 43-year moratorium on the death penalty by executing those convicted of drug trafficking.

Meanwhile, legislation backed by the Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte to impose the death penalty for drug crimes as part of his continuing "war" on drugs has been passed by the lower house, but has not secured Senate approval.

HRI's Girelli said continued progress to eliminate the death penalty, which remains a punishment for drugs in 35 countries and territories around the world, would depend on political will and public education.

"When it comes to public opinion, there's a lack of information around the death penalty for drugs and the death penalty in general," she told Al Jazeera.

"If people were to learn about all the due process violations associated with the death penalty and if they knew the situation of people convicted to death for drugs then they would not believe in it."

(source: Al Jazeera News)



IRAN:

26 European MPs Call on President Rouhani to Free Conservationists



26 members of the European Parliament (MEPs) have urged Iranian President Hassan Rouhani to free eight conservationists who are currently being tried in the country’s secretive revolutionary court system:

We are concerned that the trial of 8 activists, that has begun behind closed doors on 30 January 2019, falls seriously short of fair trial standards. Judge Abdolghassem Salavati at Branch 15 of Tehran’s revolutionary court reportedly prevented a defendant from appearing in court with a lawyer of his own choosing, and after one of the defendants told the court she has been absent from the past 2 sessions of the trial, that she had been tortured in detention.

The MEPs also reminded the president that 12 months after Iranian Canadian conservationist Kavous Seyed-Emami was found dead in Evin Prison where he was being held for interrogations, Iranian authorities have not conducted an impartial investigation into his death and have placed a travel ban on his wife, Maryam Mombeini.

Following is the letter in full.

H.E. Hassan Rouhani

President of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Brussels, 25 February 2019

Dear President Rouhani,

We, the undersigned Members of the European Parliament, are writing to express our strong concerns over the prolonged detention of eight environmental human rights defenders and serious violations of their due process and fair trial rights and to urge their immediate and unconditional release.

Houman Jokar, Sepideh Kashani, Niloufar Bayani, Amirhossein Khaleghi, Sam Rajabi, Taher Ghadirian, Morad Tahbaz, and Abdolreza Kouhpayeh, all members of a local environmental group, the Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation, were arrested in January and February 2018 and have been detained without access to a lawyer of their own choosing. On February 10, the family of Seyed Emami, an Iranian-Canadian university professor who was also detained with others, reported that he had died in detention in unknown circumstances. Iranian authorities claimed that he committed suicide, but they have not conducted an impartial investigation into his death and have placed a travel ban on his wife, Maryam Mombeini. We understand that the Iranian judiciary has accused the activists of using environmental projects as a cover to collect classified strategic information while a committee established under your authority has found no evidence into these allegations. In a worrisome development, in November, the judiciary elevated the charge for four individuals to “corruption on earth”, which can carry the death penalty.

We are concerned that the trial of eight activists, that has begun behind closed doors on 30 January 2019, falls seriously short of fair trial standards. Judge Abdolghassem Salavati at Branch 15 of Tehran’s revolutionary court reportedly prevented a defendant from appearing in court with a lawyer of his own choosing, and after one of the defendants told the court she has been absent from the past 2 sessions of the trial, that she had been tortured in detention.

As stressed during a February 2016 debate in our Foreign Affairs Committee with Foreign Minister Zarif, and repeatedly in urgency resolutions adopted by this House, we believe that respect for international human rights standards should be at the core of EU-Iran bilateral relations, and it is cases like these that serve as a litmus test for your government’s commitment to make progress in its human rights record.

We therefore call on you to use the authority of your office, as the President and Head of the national security, to secure the release of these environmental defenders and, pending their release, to ensure a fair and open trial based on Iran’s human rights obligations and constitutional protections.

Yours sincerely,

Ana Gomes (S&D)

Elmar Brok (EPP)

Marietje Schaake (ALDE)

Barbara Lochbihler (Greens/EFA)

Theresa Griffin (S&D)

Ernest Urtasun (Greens/EFA)

Jirí Pospíšil (EPP)

Bodil Valero (Greens/EFA)

Julie Ward (S&D)

Bart Staes (Greens/EFA)

António Marinho e Pinto (ALDE)

Margrete Auken (Greens/EFA)

Tunne Kelam (EPP)

Soraya Post (S&D)

Klaus Buchner (Greens/EFA)

Carlos Coelho (EPP)

Eugen Freund (S&D)

Maria Heubuch (Greens/EFA)

Karoline Graswander-Hainz (S&D)

Eva Gro Joly (Greens/EFA)

Marita Ulvskog (S&D)

Karima Delli (Greens/EFA)

Csaba Sógor (EPP)

Philippe Lamberts (Greens/EFA)

Patricia Lalonde (ALDE)

Pascal Durand (Greens/EFA)

********************

Iran public execution



A man was hanged in public on February 24 in northern city of Aqqala, in Golestan Province, According to the state-run Fars news agency.

Iranian regime executed 2 prisoners on February 23 and 24, according to the state media.

The 1st man was executed on February 23, in Shirvan Prison in North Khorasan Province, the state-run Fars news agency reported reported.

According to the same media, another man was hanged in public on February 24 in northern city of Aqqala, in Golestan Province.

Fars did not elaborate the prisoners by name, but human rights activists identified the man who was publicly executed as Ghafour Gari.

Both victims had been found guilty of murder.

In December 2018, the UN General Assembly’s Third Commission condemned the Iranian regime’s abysmal human rights record for the 65th time. The UNGA raised concern over the “alarmingly high frequency” of the use of the death penalty including against minors, “the widespread and systematic use of arbitrary detention,” poor prison conditions “deliberately denying prisoners access to adequate medical treatment,” and “cases of suspicious deaths in custody.”

The Iranian regime has one of the worst human rights records in the world. Year after year, it holds the record of the number of executions per capita.

(source for both: Iran Human Rights)








IRAQ:

Iraq saves France thorny repatriations of IS jihadists



By pledging to try 13 French Islamic State group fighters, Iraq has assumed the role of judge and jailor for the suspected jihadists -- thereby saving Paris the controversy of repatriating them.

France has been rocked by fierce public debate over whether to repatriate dozens of its nationals, including children, caught fleeing IS's collapsing "caliphate" in east Syria.

Most are held by US-backed Syrian forces, but 13 French citizens were transferred across the border to be tried in Baghdad, Iraqi President Barham Saleh announced on Monday.

The alleged fighters, who were turned over to Iraq after being seized by Syrian Kurdish forces, "will be judged according to Iraqi law," Saleh told a news conference after talks with French President Emmanuel Macron in Paris.

"Those who have engaged in crimes against Iraq and Iraqi installations and personnel, we are definitely seeking them and seeking their trial in Iraqi courts," he said.

The issue is extremely sensitive in France, where a deadly 2015 attack on the capital claimed by IS killed 130 people -- but this arrangement could be Paris's best option.

"This deal suits Iraq, but it's also politically favourable for France, which will avoid having to deal with the difficult return issue. Baghdad will have done it a favour," said Hisham al-Hashemi, an Iraqi expert with intimate knowledge of the issue.

"This way, France will no longer have to deal with organisations calling to repatriate, rehabilitate, and re-assimilate these people," he said.

- Death penalty -

Transferring foreign fighters to Iraq for trial appears to resolve a legal conundrum for Western powers.

On the one hand, the Kurdish-run administration in northern Syria is not a legally recognised government, so trying them there would be dubious.

On the other, repatriation is a politically-fraught issue, and governments fear they may not have enough evidence to convict IS members who claim they did not fight.

But Iraq has already tried hundreds of foreign IS fighters, including some caught in Syria and transferred across the border.

It has sentenced many, including 58-year-old French national Lahcen Ammar Gueboudj and two other French nationals, to life in prison.

Baghdad has even handed down death sentences to around 100 foreigners, only one of which has been implemented.

Iraq's 2005 counterterrorism law condemns any individual who provided material support for extremist groups to death, even if they did not pick up arms.

"This means Iraq can put anyone on trial who just passed through their territory on their way to Syria," said Hashemi.

He said the 13 French nationals now in Iraqi custody had battled government troops in Iraq, and were transferred in coordination with the US-led coalition fighting IS.

France initially insisted its citizens should face trial wherever they were caught, then seemed to soften its stance last month by saying it was considering repatriations.

But Macron appeared to double-back on Monday, saying it was "up to the authorities of these countries to decide, sovereignly, if they will be tried there."

"These people are entitled to benefit from our consular protection, and our diplomatic service will be mobilised," he added.

- 'Much tougher sentences' - An Iraqi judicial source told AFP that Western countries had a vested interest in making sure their nationals were tried in Iraq, not at home.

"In their own countries, their lawyers could claim their clients were abducted in Syria," which could hurt the prosecution's case, the source said.

"But trying them in Iraq guarantees these countries that this point won't matter."

Handing them over to Iraqi courts would also ensure "much tougher sentences," the source added.

The 13 French nationals were brought to Iraq in parallel with the repatriation of 280 Iraqi IS members from Syria.

Fadel Abu Ragheef, a security advisor and strategic analyst, said there was more to come.

"There's another wave of Iraqi and foreign jihadists that will arrive soon to Iraq," he told AFP.

But Human Rights Watch said any transfers should be completed in full transparency.

"When these transfers get done in the middle of the night with no one knowing, there's no way to track these people," said Nadim Houry, HRW's head of counter-terrorism.

He told AFP on Monday that he was concerned about a lack of due process in Iraqi courts and the possibility of abuse in its detention centres.

"Iraqi trials are rife with due process abuses and the trials are not providing justice to the victims or information about the crimes," said Houry.

"It seems the West is still looking for someone to take that burden off of them without them engaging on the substance of the trials."

(source: france24.com)








EGYPT:

Sisi defends death penalty at summit with Europe



Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi defended the death penalty at a summit between Arab and European states on Monday, saying the 2 regions had “2 different cultures”.

Rights groups strongly criticised Egypt this month for executing 9 men accused over the 2015 killing of the country’s chief prosecutor, saying that they and others had been put to death after unfair trials amid a surge in executions.

Egypt rejected allegations that confessions were extracted under torture.

“When a human being is killed in a terrorist act, the families tell me that we want the right of our children and their blood,” Sisi told the closing press conference at the first joint summit between the EU and the Arab League. “This culture exists in the region and that right must be given through the law.”

Sisi has previously defended criticism on rights by pointing to economic and welfare reforms aimed at raising living standards for Egypt’s population of more than 98 million.

“We have two different cultures,” he said on Monday. “The priority in Europe is achieving and maintaining wellbeing for its people. Our priority is preserving our countries and stopping them from collapse, destruction and ruin, as you see in many surrounding states.”

Since ousting Muslim Brotherhood President Mohamed Mursi in 2013, Sisi has overseen a sweeping crackdown on both Islamist and liberal opposition. Activists consider the repression the worst in Egypt’s modern history.

European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said human rights had been raised in bilateral meetings during the two-day summit, while European Council President Donald Tusk said he had insisted on human rights being included in the summit’s final declaration.

“I am absolutely convinced ... that in this very context dialogue is always much better than confrontation,” said Tusk, speaking alongside Sisi.

Rights defenders are concerned that European states focussed on security have lent Sisi international legitimacy at a time when his supporters are pushing through constitutional amendments that could allow him to stay in power until 2034.

“It is distressing that the leaders at the summit have not addressed adequately the threats to freedom of expression and assembly, fundamental rights which are under threat in many places in the Arab world,” Oxfam’s Middle East and North Africa regional director, Marta Lorenzo, said in a statement.

European leaders defended engagement.

Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel told reporters the choice was between speaking only with other European leaders, or viewing dialogue as “necessary in order to defend our fundamental values”.

Juncker said on Sunday he had concerns about human rights in many of the countries he dealt with, but added: “If I only talked to flawless democrats then I would end my week already by Tuesday.”

(source: Reuters)



MALAYSIA:

Cabinet to decide on death penalty soon



The Cabinet will make a final decision at one of its weekly meetings next month on whether to table in Parliament a proposal to abolish the death penalty, said Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department Datuk Liew Vui Keong.

Liew said he had finished compiling views from stakeholders, including on law reforms that would be needed in the event of an abolition.

(source: thestar.com.my)

**************

3 friends escape gallows, freed of drug charges



3 friends escaped the mandatory death sentence after the High Court here discharged and acquitted them of 3 drug trafficking charges four years ago.

Judicial commissioner Hayatul Akmal Abdul Aziz ruled that the prosecution had failed to prove a prima facie case against S. Mathavan, 33, S. Logeswaran, 34 and L. Keleman, 33.

The 3 of them were seen wiping their tears after Hayatul Akmal ordered their release.

For the 1st charge, they were jointly accused of trafficking 157.5g of heroin and 50.3g of monoacetylmorphine in a house at No 13, Jalan Lahat Mines 15, Bandar Lahat Mines, Lahat at 3pm on Feb 2, 2015.

For the 2nd offence, they were jointly charged with trafficking 10g of heroin and 7.6g of monoacetylmorphine at the same location at 3pm on Feb 20, 2015.

For the 3rd charge, they were jointly charged with trafficking 446.1g of methamphetamine at the same location at 3pm on Feb 20, 2015.

They were charged under Section 39(1)(a) of the Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 and punishable under Section 39B(2) of the same Act which carries the mandatory death penalty.

Hayatul Akmal in her judgement said the defence had succeeded in raising reasonable doubts against the prosecution’s case.

“There are questions arise since the trio are not the only people who have access to enter the house. It raises inference to the accused and it is not safe to convict the accused,” she said.

A total of 13 witnesses and 9 defence witnesses were called to testify during the trial.

The prosecution was conducted by Deputy Public Prosecutor Maziyah Mansor while Mathavan and Logeswaran were represented by lawyers, Tan Sri Muhammad Shafee Abdullah, Tania Scivetti and Syazwan Mohd Zawawi. Meanwhile, Kelemen was represented by lawyers, Chagar Singh and Jagdave Singh.

(source: nst.com.my)





INDIA:

Nitish Katara murder: SC questions Vikas Yadav's plea on award of sentence



Vikas Yadav, undergoing 25-year jail term for killing business executive Nitish Katara in 2002, moved the Supreme Court Monday challenging a Constitution Bench verdict which held that courts can specify the length jail of term for murder convicts.

The move prompted the top court to ask Yadav whether he can challenge through a fresh plea the validity of a verdict which has already attained finality.

On October 3, 2016 the Supreme Court had awarded 25-year jail term without any benefit of remission to Yadav and his cousin Vishal for their role in the sensational kidnapping and killing of Katara. Another co-convict Sukhdev Pehalwan was also handed down 20- year jail term.

A bench headed by Chief Justice Rajan Gogoi and Justice Sanjiv Khanna was hearing the fresh plea by Yadav alleging that "no special category of sentence in substitution to the life sentence or the death penalty could be imposed upon the persons guilty of offence of murder under section 302 of the IPC".

It said: "Tell us how can we re-open this issue by entertaining your writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution in view of the Constitution Bench judgement which had said that the courts are empowered to award sentence for a fixed period without any benefit of remission (to a convict)."

It further said that Yadav was seeking review of the judgement by filing a fresh plea and questioned his move. "Your grievance seemed to be against the Constitution bench judgement and can you do this by filing a fresh writ petition".

The bench, which did not issue any notice to the parties including the Union ministries of home affairs and law and justice as also Neelam Katara, mother of the victim, adjourned the hearing and ordered listing of the plea after 3 months.

Yadav has sought striking down of section 53 (punishment of life and death and to which offenders are liable under the provision of the code) and section 45 (life) of the IPC on the ground that they are violative of Articles 14 (equality before law) and 21 (protection of life and personal liberty) of Constitution.

He alleged that punishment provided in the IPC for the offence of murder was either the life term or the death penalty and any specification of the fixed jail term that too without any remission by carving out a special category was violative of his fundamental rights.

The Delhi High Court, while upholding the life imprisonment awarded to Vikas and Vishal Yadav by the trial court, had specified the jail term and had awarded 30 year sentence, without any remission, to both of them. It had awarded 25 year jail term to 3rd convict Pehalwan.

The apex court, however, had modified the award of 30 year jail term, saying that the 25 year imprisonment for the offence of murder and five year jail term for causing destruction of evidence, would run concurrently and not consecutively.

It had also scaled down the jail term of 25 years to 20 years to be awarded to 3rd co-convict Sukhdev Pehalwan in the case by holding that the imprisonment for separate offences would not run consecutively but concurrently.

The bench had already dismissed the appeals against their convictions in the case for kidnapping Katara from a marriage party on the intervening night of February 16-17, 2002 before killing him for his alleged affair with Bharti Yadav, sister of Vikas, because they belonged to different castes.

(source: business-standard.com)
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