Don't ask ... I was really perfectly positive back then that there was no newline in my decrypted key (I even used grep, yes) ... today there was one ... *sigh*
The posting on: http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=318865 pointed me at another hint from Jan which now helped me to use my encrypted volume with pam_mount-2.1 at last. Thanks for all your suggestions and help ... sorry for all the noise ... Stefan