On Fri, Jun 18, 2010 at 12:44 PM, Heinrich Apfelmus <apfel...@quantentunnel.de> wrote: > Sebastian Fischer wrote: >> Edward Kmett wrote: >>> Sebastian Fischer wrote: >>>> Heinrich Apfelmus wrote: >>>> newtype CMaybe a = CMaybe (forall r. (a -> Maybe r) -> Maybe r) >>> Yes, with this type `orElse` has the same type as `mplus`, which is >>> very nice. >>> >>> This type is the same as "Codensity Maybe" using category-extras which >>> is a 'bit bigger than Maybe'. (To see why, figure out how Codensity >>> Reader is isomorphic to State!) This is the wiggle room you're using >>> to get the distributive operator. >> >> I encounter the Codensity type constructor every now and then. I used it >> to Reinvent Haskell Backtracking, learned about implementing a state >> monad with a reader monad wrapped in Codensity when implementing Lazy >> Nondeterministic Programming and Janis Voigtländer also used it to >> improve the asymptotics of free monads. >> >> I wonder whether for every monad `m` and `a :: Codensity m a` >> >> getCodensity a f = getCodensity a return >>= f >> >> Is this true? Why (not)? > > It's not true. > > a = Codensity $ \x -> Just 42 > f = return . (+1) > > getCodensity a f = Just 42 > ≠ getCodensity a return >>= f = Just 42 >>= f = Just 43
What definition are you using for Codensity? Under the definition I'm familiar with, that definition of a is invalid. newtype Codensity m a = Codensity { runCodensity :: forall b. (a -> m b) -> m b } Which is not to say that you can't come up with improper values of Codensity. E.g., Codensity (\k -> k () >> k ()) \m -> Codensity (\k -> k () >>= \b -> m >> return b) -- Dave Menendez <d...@zednenem.com> <http://www.eyrie.org/~zednenem/> _______________________________________________ Haskell-Cafe mailing list Haskell-Cafe@haskell.org http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe