=====> While cleaning out my files -- a frequently postponed
       activity now proving to be unexpectedly cathartic --
       I came across this undated Reuters piece.  The date 
       on the forwarding was last November 20th.
       With NATO's new doctrine it has been decided that
       the last, remotest Eskimo ice fisherman and Sahara shepherd
       will be allowed to share the cost of every 10-mile round
       trip made by Boobus americanus to pick up two items at 
       his not-really-local convenience store.  How convenient,
       and what an honor!
       Well, it's fine by me.  The more enemies the better;
       let's get this thing over with.
                                                      valis
                                                      7 days and counting


     REAL COST OF U.S. GASOLINE IS $15.14 PER GALLON, REPORT SAYS

                          By Tom Doggett

   WASHINGTON - So you think you're getting a good deal on a tank of
   gasoline these days? Not so, if all the oil industry tax subsidies
   received from the federal and state governments and other costs that
   went into producing that gallon of gasoline were included in the pump
   price.

   Such external costs push the price of gasoline as high as $15.14 a
   gallon, according to a new report released Tuesday by the
   International Centre for Technology Assessment.

   "In reality, the external costs of using our cars are much more higher
   than we may realise," the Washington-based research group said in its
   report.

   The report examined more than 40 separate cost factors the group said
   it associated with gasoline production but aren't reflected by the
   price of gasoline at the pump.

   These external costs total up to $1.69 trillion per year, according to
   the report.

   The group points out that the federal government provides the oil
   industry with tax breaks to help U.S. companies compete with
   international producers, so gasoline remains cheap for American
   consumers.

   The Department of Energy is forecasting that the national price for
   regular unleaded gasoline will average $1.02 during the current
   quarter, the lowest price on record for any three-month period when
   adjusted for inflation.

   Tax subsidies don't end at the federal level, as the group said most
   state income taxes are based on oil firms' lower federal tax bills,
   which result in companies paying $123 million to $323 million less in
   state taxes.

   In addition to tax breaks, the federal government provides up to
   $114.6 billion in subsidies annually that support the extraction,
   production and use of petroleum, such as research and development and
   export financing.

   The federal government also spends up to $1.6 billion yearly on
   regulatory oversight, pollution cleanup and liability costs connected
   to the oil industry, the group said.

   In addition, U.S. Defence Department spending allocated to safeguard
   the world's petroleum resources totals $55 billion to $96 billion a
   year, according to the group.

   (C) Reuters Limited 1998.



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