But when one da Gama and those who followed him returned from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic they faced the same problem. There is a variation of easterlies and westerlies in the Indian Ocean, depending on where one is. The easterlies help one to get from Asia to Africa and operate all through the zone between the Tropics. Da Gama had to go against those to get across the Indian Ocean to India from Africa. The only point where Chinese or other Asians would have had a problem with the prevailing winds would have been at the Cape of Good Hope itself. But by no accounts that I am aware of did any of them ever get down there to encounter that problem even. Barkley Rosser -----Original Message----- From: Louis Proyect <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Date: Friday, September 17, 1999 7:19 PM Subject: [PEN-L:11231] Capitalist development >> Of course this does not answer the crucial question as >>to why the Chinese did not go around the Cape of Good >>Hope in the 1400s while the Portuguese did in 1497 with >>Vasco da Gama. Thus we had the Portuguese in Goa >>and Macau rather than the Chinese in Cadiz and Lisbon. >>Barkley Rosser > >Blaut argues that sailing from the Indian Ocean into the Atlantic one sails >against prevailing winds, while from the Canaries to the West Indies >(Colombus's route), there blow the trade winds, and the return voage is >made northward into the westerlies. Columbus knew that the trade winds (or >easterlies) would assist him outbound and had good reason to believe the >westerlies would assist the return voyage. > >Louis Proyect >(http://www.panix.com/~lnp3/marxism.html) > >