Jews are not a race but the Arabs are antisemitic, anti-Christian, anti-Jewish, anti-atheist warmongers who would destroy the Jews AND YOU if they didn't fight back - which is what they have been doing since the Arabs were granted statehood in the Middle-East in their almost two dozen countries which were established for their ruling elites by the West, since the overthrow of the Ottoman Empire.
Hank On Thu, 5 Jul 2007, Amy Hendrickson wrote: > Whoever is interested in genetic pathways is welcome to their interest, > but the place where it becomes difficult is when genetics is used to > claim special priviledge: ie Israel-- When genetics determines whether > or not people can move to Israel, or whether you are a first class or > second class citizen within that state, we call it RACISM. > > Surely we should be at the point in our development as a species that we > have gotten past the claims of racial priviledge. We should acknowledge > that all people have equal rights and not support apartheid in any form. > > > > > ----- Original Message ----- > From: adar > To: PNEWS-L@yahoogroups.com > Sent: Thursday, July 05, 2007 1:38 PM > Subject: [PNEWS-L] Jewish Genes > > > > Jewish Genes > > http://www.pnews.org/images/genes.gif > > The studies come in the wake of the recent completion of the mapping of > the human genome. So much more knowledge is discoverable now since we can > read the genetic blueprint and correlate it with some heretofore > assumptions which turn out not to be entirely correct. > > What is evident from these studies is that traditional assumptions are not > correct assumptions > > Jews, Genes and Lost Tribe > > Hillel Halkin wrote a fascinating essay on the genetic makup of the Jewish > people, which was published in Commentary, ("Wandering Jews-And Their > Genes" Volume: 110. Issue: 2. September 2000). In it, he analyzes several > recent genetic studies. I'll just touch on some of it but for a more > complete analysis I recommend that you read Halkin's articles and others > about genes and Jews. > > The studies come in the wake of the recent completion of the mapping of > the human genome. So much more knowledge is discoverable now since we can > read the genetic blueprint and correlate it with some heretofore > assumptions which turn out not to be entirely correct. > > One study attempted to trace the lineage of the kohanim (Eng: "priests") - > a title and class in Jewish tradition where those who were direct male > descendants of Moses and Aaron were given responsibility and obligations > to conduct important Jewish rites. What it showed in the study released in > 1997 was a high correlation of the distinct priestly Y chromosome in those > claiming to be Kohanim (usually with identifying family names like Cohen, > Kohn, Kohen, Cohn, etc.) higher than with those who claimed to be Kohanim > than those who did not. The study was conducted by scientists from the U > of Arizona, Haifa Technion and genetic anthropology department at > University College, London. It found that only 3-5% of all male Jews have > the kohen-specific Y-chromosome haplotypes or DNA markers, and were > accurate to more than 50% for those who identified as Kohanim. > > Another project which was fascinating was the study and research by a > London-Oxford University research team who looked at a black, > Bantu-speaking African tribe in South Africa and Zimbabwe, which are > called Lemba While today they are for the most part Christian, they have > an oral tradition which maintains Jewish practices, i.e. circumcision, > ritual slaughter, not eating pork, etc. and they claim to be descendants > of the Jews. Those claims have never been taken seriously by most > academics who studied them but now there was a test. for at least Jewish > priestly genes and the results were absolutely astounding. > > For the 9 percent of the Lemba tribe who were tested, there were 2 to 3 > times more Kohenite Y chromosomes (sometimes even higher) held by Lemba > than that held by OTHER Jewish populations. The Lemba were more priestly > that is than known Jews who were tested. And the study, it seems, would > also establish that these black Africans were of Jewish ancestry. > > Another study which was presented at proceedings of the National Academy > of Science from an international collaboration of scientists which was led > by Michael Hammer of the University of Arizona and Batsheva Bonne-Tamir of > Tel Aviv University studied the more general Jewish profile of Y > chromosomes, instead of emphasizing the chromosomal link to Kohanim. Based > on genetic samples from seven Jewish population groups, which included: > Ashkenazi, Roman, North African, Kurdish, Near Eastern, Yemenite, and > Ethiopian (including 16 non-Jewish groups and including the Lemba). > > Here are their conclusions: > > With the exception of the Ethiopian Jews, ALL Jewish samples from the > study show a high genetic "Jewish" Y-chromosome correlation. It > demonstrated that Jewish males of Russian and Polish ancestry have a > Y-chromosome profile which more closely resembles (more like) Moroccan, > Kurdish, and Iraqi Jews than Russian and Polish NON-JEWS. Male Jews of > Yemenite ancestry are closer to Jews from Rome than to Muslims from Yemen. > So much for the Khazar conversion myth > > Other conclusions were besides these Jewish groupings being closely > related to each other, they are also closer genetically (some > intermarriage or inter-breeding seemed obvious) to Palestinian Arabs, > Syrians and the Lebanese. We may be cousins after-all? > > Hillel Halkin wrote of these studies: "In descending order after these > Middle Easterners, Ashkenazi Jews correlate best with Greeks and Turks; > then with Italians; then with Spaniards; then with Germans; then with > Austrians; and least of all with Russians. The Y chromosomes of > non-Ashkenazi Jews correlate best with Egyptians and Tunisians." > > Lemba black Africans have Y-chromosome haplotypes more like Jews than they > are like sub-Saharan Africans which would indicate a closer ancestrial > relationship with Jews than other black Africans (or are other Jews more > like black (Lemba) Africans than other whites?). > > What is evident from these studies is that traditional assumptions are not > correct assumptions and as Hillel writes: > > "On the one hand, the existence of a kohenite Y chromosome traceable to a > single progenitor who lived near the supposed date of the Exodus supports, > if not the Bible's account of the priesthood's origins, at least the > antiquity of the institution and its hereditary nature. At a time when a > radical "biblical minimalism" denying the historicity of the entire > Pentateuch has been gaining ground among scholars, the kohenite Y > chromosome is thus a striking argument for a more conservative reading of > biblical texts." > > and, > > "On the other hand, there are the Lemba. Out of the blue, as it were--for > nowhere in any Jewish or non-Jewish source are they even hinted at--we > find an ethnic group near the southern tip of Africa with a genetic tie to > Jews elsewhere. Where did they come from? How did they get to be where > they are? If they lived totally apart from other Jews for hundreds or > thousands of years while retaining a distinct "Jewish" identity, can this > have happened in other places, too? Did the Jewish people have another, > "shadow" history, inhabited by groups that we know little or nothing > about?" > > and, > > "...the Hammer/Bonne-Tamir report would seem to corroborate the age-old > Jewish belief that, allowing for a relatively small increment of > proselytes throughout the ages, the Jewish people forms a biologically > close-knit family originally hailing from the Fertile Crescent and > Palestine. On the face of it, then, these findings refute various > "revisionist" theories proposing that, not only in remote regions like > Ethiopia and Yemen but even in such great Jewish population centers as > Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean basin, much or possibly most of the > Jewish community resulted from a massive conversion of non-Jews." > > As to maintaining Jewish Peoplehood, the Proceedings of the National > Academy of Science state: > > "Our results indicated a relatively minor contribution of European Y > chromosomes to the Ashkenazim.... If we assume 80 generations since the > founding of the Ashkenazi population, then the rate of admixture would be > (is less than) 0.5 percent (less than half of one percent) per > generation." > > There is a very low rate of accretion through proselytization. And the > article correctly points out that small genetic input can have a big > influence in appearance so it should not be surprising that there are > physical differences and differences in appearance (that Ashkenazim tend > to look so different from non-Ashkenazim and some Ashkenazim have blond > hair and blue eyes), whereas there is great similarity and connectedness > in genes among the world's Jews. > > The predominance of female converts to Judaism also influences appearance > but not the male Y-chromosome inheritability and Hillel does point out > that the Lemba do remain the enigma, about which we know very little. Lost > tribe theory, anyone? > > And these are the facts. > > Hank Roth > > a/k/a TheGolem > > Go to the source at: http://pnews.org/news/index.php/JewishGenes > for other links and resources > > > > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > > No virus found in this incoming message. > Checked by AVG Free Edition. > Version: 7.5.476 / Virus Database: 269.10.0/886 - Release Date: 7/4/2007 > 1:40 PM > > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] > >
