Hi Everyone, I am stuck with a simple problem. Suppose I have a vector x, and I want to calculate y[i]=3Dx[i+1]-x[i], it is very easy. I just need to write y<-x[2:length(x)]-x[1:length(x)-1]. Now if I know y, and want to know the vector x defined by x[i]=3Dx[i-1]+y[i-1] for all i, how can I do this without a loop? Thanks, Geoffrey
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