Re: [CentOS] Linux ate my RAM...

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Nov 18, 2015 at 7:51 PM, Itamar Reis Peixoto
 wrote:
> try systemd-nspawn and use it instead of virtualizing, will save you some
> bits of memory.

Interesting.. Not an option for us currently but perhaps as an
alternative to Docker it will come in handy.

Thanks for the feedback.

Kwan
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Re: [CentOS] Linux ate my RAM...

[Kwan Lowe]

Warren:
   Thanks for the good info and link.

On Wed, Nov 18, 2015 at 4:41 PM, Warren Young <w...@etr-usa.com> wrote:
> On Nov 18, 2015, at 1:20 PM, Kwan Lowe <kwan.l...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> Because of caching, from VMWare's perspective, all Linux memory is
>> being "used”.
>
> Nope.  VMware’s memory ballooning feature purposely keeps some of the guest’s 
> RAM locked away from the kernel.  This is where RAM comes from when another 
> guest needs more physical RAM than it currently has access to:
>
>   https://blogs.vmware.com/virtualreality/2008/10/memory-overcomm.html

Hmm.. I may be misunderstanding how the balloon driver is working...

I'm looking at section 3.3 in this guide:
https://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/perf-vsphere-memory_management.pdf

When a guest starts up, the cached memory is very low. This is
reflected in the VMWare hypervisor view that shows a small percentage
of host memory being used. After disk activity, the host memory
allocation grows to the point that it's allocating all the configured
memory in the hypervisor view. The guest 'free' still shows the
majority of memory as available (though "cached").

"vmware-toolbox-cmd stat balloon" reports 0MB have been ballooned on
these instances.

From the PDF above, it seems that only under memory pressure on the
hypervisor level does the ballooning kick. Unfortunately, I don't have
a way to safely test this.


>
> There are downsides.
>
> One is that pages locked up by the balloon driver aren’t being used by 
> Linux’s buffer cache.  But on the other hand, the hypervisor itself fulfills 
> some of that role, which is why rebooting a VM guest is typically much faster 
> than rebooting the same OS on the same bare hardware.
>

This is interesting.  We may be double-caching then if VMWare host is
also doing some caching.

> Another, of course, is that oversubscription risks running out of RAM, if all 
> of the guests decide to try and use all the RAM the host told them it gave.  
> All of the guests end up being forced to deflate their balloons until there 
> is no more balloon memory left.
>
>> The increase in vm density is an acceptable tradeoff.
>
> Instead of oversubscribing the real RAM of the system, consider starting and 
> stopping VMs at need, so that only a subset of them are running at a given 
> time.  That lets you host more VMs underneath a given hypervisor than would 
> run simultaneously, as long as you don’t need too many of the VMs at once.
>
> This patterns works well for a suite of test VMs, since you probably don’t 
> need to test all configurations in parallel.  You might need only one or two 
> of the guests at any given time.


This is a possibility. It will be a hard sell but may work for some.

>
>> 1) What options are available in CentOS to limit the page cache?
>
> Again, you should not be tuning the Linux’s virtual memory manager to make 
> the VM host happy.  That’s one of the jobs VMware Tools performs.

Agreed.. I don't want to do too much on the guest side but we're
getting heat to increase density. This is caused by some app owners
that throw memory at systems as a first step in troubleshooting.  :D

Thanks again for your feedback..

Kwan
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[CentOS] Linux ate my RAM...

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello everyone,

Excuse the title. I'm trying to do something very specific that goes
against some common assumptions.

I am aware of how Linux uses available memory to cache. This, in
almost all cases, is desirable. I've spent years explaining to users
how to properly read the free output.

I'm now trying to increase VM density on host systems (by host, I mean
the physical system, not the underlying guest machines).

VMWare can over-allocate memory as long as it's not being used.
Because of caching, from VMWare's perspective, all Linux memory is
being "used". I am aware of the inherent risks in over-allocation of
resources on a VMWare system.This tuning is strictly for development
systems where performance and stability are not as critical. The
increase in vm density is an acceptable tradeoff.

My questions:
1) What options are available in CentOS to limit the page cache? SuSe
has vm.pagecache_limit_mb and vm.pagecache_limit_ignore_dirty which,
in conjunction with swappiness tweaks, appears to do what I need.

2) Any experience with enabling /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run on non-KVM
workloads? As KSM only applies to non-pagecache memory, it doesn't
immediately help me here but could be incrementally useful
(https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/ksm.txt).

3) Is there any way to control /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches and limit it
to a number of entries or age?  Dropping the filesystem cache, though
it unmarks those pages, has performance implications.

Thanks in advance for any input or links.
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Re: [CentOS] ERROR Installing Cisco AnyConnect on Centos 6x

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Sep 30, 2015 at 2:28 PM, CS DBA  wrote:

> I've downloaded the Cisco AnyConnect tar.gz file for one of our clients,
> when I untar it and then run the vpn_install script in the vpnclient
> directory I  get the below error.
>
>
I ended up getting the clients from the Nux repository instead of Epel. At
the time, it provided the NetworkManager tools which EPEL didn't have.
It's easy enough to run from the command line but NetworkManager
integration is nice to have.
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Re: [CentOS] Wrapper script for shutdown, passwd, etc. commands

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Jul 13, 2015 at 10:21 AM, Jonathan Billings billi...@negate.org
wrote:

 Are you saying that this is an interactive process on the system?  I'd
 suggest you make sure this isn't some sort of email ticket that stores
 a password or emails it.


Thanks for the reply.  I'm thinking that the password would only be there
to confirm. It would not be stored but would possibly leverage PAM.


 You could probably use 'sudo' to handle the part of authenticating the
 user, and run a very limited service that queried a secure system for
 approval and initiated the shutdown.


sudo was a possibility.. However, I want to this specifically for folks
with root access so sudo's checks won't work.

This is for two reasons:  Audit requirements and as a second check for the
admin. We've had a couple instances recently where the admin did work on
the wrong server. Though i don't see any way to totally lock it down for
someone with root access, I want to make it at least give some sort of
warning.

The other tool I looked at was selinux. Combined with audit it could
possibly work but not all the systems have selninux enabled.
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[CentOS] Wrapper script for shutdown, passwd, etc. commands

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello all. Thank you for reading.

I'm hoping someone can point me in the right direction here. I am looking
to implement a wrapper script/utility that will prompt for a ticket number
before running certain commands. I've used similar scripts in the past on
systems that I didn't have admin access.

The wrapper would do something like this:


  [root@vm-helios-019]  shutdown -h now

   *** WARNING ***
   You are attempting to shutdown a production server:
vm-helios-019.digitalhermit.com
   Please enter the Change Log Ticket  for shutdown   CHG-FL-102122

   Please confirm by entering your login password: xx

   Ticket number CHG-GL-102122 for user Kwan Lowe (klowe) has been logged
at
Sun Feb 4, 2001 at 14:23 (2:23PM).

Ideally this would only kick in if the request is coming from an
interactive session.

Thinking about it, just replacing the command with a wrapper could cause
other problems.

Has anyone done anything similar?

Thanks,
Kwan
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Re: [CentOS] Effectiveness of CentOS vm.swappiness

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Jun 4, 2015 at 4:18 PM, Markus Shorty Uckelmann sho...@koeln.de
wrote:

 I have lots of C6  C7 machines in use and all of them have the default
 swappiness of 60. The problem now is that a lot of those machines do
 swap although there is no memory pressure. I'm now thinking about
 lowering swappiness to 1. But I'd still like to find out why this
 happens.


 Thanks for this thread. I'm actually looking at the same settings for a
different reason.  Most of our environment is VMWare-based and one major
difference between the Linux and Windows clients is how they use free
memory. Linux grabs it for cache (Free memory is wasted memory.) but
Windows doesn't appear to touch it at all. This means the VMWare hypervisor
can over-commit memory.
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Re: [CentOS] NTLM Authentication ISA Server

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Jan 14, 2015 at 3:53 PM, Tim li...@kiuni.de wrote:

 Hello list,

 how can I get CentOS 7 to authenticate against a Microsoft ISA server for
 package installations after the OS is installed.

 In Debian/Ubuntu apt.conf just needs to be edited and it works. How to do
 so in CentOS?


I use a program called cntlm. I don't know if an RPM is available but the
source is trivial to build. I believe it also includes a SPEC file.
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Re: [CentOS] 2460x1440 video card recommendation

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Jan 12, 2015 at 11:57 AM, Frank Cox thea...@melvilletheatre.com
wrote:

 Can someone recommend a video card that's capable of driving a monitor at
 2560x1600 or 2560x1440 and just works with Centos 7 without requiring any
 outside video drivers?

 I would prefer to stay with the built-in video drivers that are included
 with Centos 7 if possible; I don't play games and such, so I'm not looking
 for high performance 3D -- I just want a high resolution desktop.

 I'm currently looking at a BenQ GW2765HT which is 2560x1440, though I
 might end up with something else in the end.


Hmmm.. I have dual GeForce 780s (Asus brand) driving 2560x1440 monitors.
However, I am using the NVidia binary drivers.  The problem with using
nouveau is that with that much more real-estate video can bog if you are
doing much beyond launching xterms. In particular, full screen video has
noticeable tearing and even dragging windows across the desktop looks
glitchy. To be clear, it works, just that I hate seeing the visual tearing.


On another system I have a Geforce 650. It also drives a single 2560x1440
monitor without issue.
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Re: [CentOS] files mysteriously changing ownership

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, May 7, 2014 at 1:08 PM, Tim Dunphy bluethu...@gmail.com wrote:

 We have a directory that holds the media for a website. We want that
 directory owned by the apache user and group. But for some reason that
 directory and all it's files keep reverting to being owned by a user
 account and group.

 What are the user IDs of the apache and user_a users? Are these local
mounts or shares?

I've seen a similar thing when there was a UID conflict.
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Re: [CentOS] Memory leak - how to investigate

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Feb 4, 2014 at 7:53 AM, sjt5atra sjt5a...@gmail.com wrote:


 Others have mentioned tuning httpd.conf parameters. Problem is apache
 doesn't give you the math to know what to set those without lots of
 trial-and-error. The best guide for this math is from F5:
   http://www.f5.com/pdf/deployment-guides/f5-apache-dg.pdf

 Indeed, there's a bit of voodoo involved... And goats.

In the past I've used webalizer logs to get an idea of the peak number of
hits per minute. This works fine for certain types of accesses. For
monitoring memory usage, I've used top in batch mode to grab the actual
process memory usage. If the memory usage grows quickly and there are many
spare httpd processes then the sum of these numbers will climb rapidly. In
this case, tuning down the number of httpd processes and/or cycling them
sooner can help. I've found that performance is not measurably affected in
my workloads but mileage varies widely.
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Re: [CentOS] Memory leak - how to investigate

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Feb 3, 2014 at 8:43 AM, Jussi Hirvi listmem...@greenspot.fi wrote:

 My web  name server runs out of memory from time to time, to the point
 where it's completely unresponsive to anything. At that point reset is
 the only alternative. (Or, as this is a virtual guest, I just say virsh
 destroy).

 But why this happens - I would like to know.


Sever things could be occurring. The first thing I notice is that you have
many httpd processes running. This can be useful if you have many
simultaneous hits. If you don't, you can tune the number of processes down
(search on MAX_CHILD in the httpd.conf).  Don't quote me on this, but you
can lower the number of simultaneous processes and reduce the number of
requests that each processes before exiting. Though much of the memory is
shared, a lot isn't, so reducing the process count helps improve the memory
situation. Cycling them more rapidly can help clean up any that have memory
leaks.



 The host in question is a KVM guest, and runs CentOS 6.4.


  From top (situation now):
 Mem:   1361564k total,  1264324k used,97240k free, 8428k buffers
 Swap:  3014648k total,64852k used,  2949796k free,   358676k cached


That doesn't look like a lot of memory.. Possible to add another .5G or so?
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Re: [CentOS] Memory leak - how to investigate

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Feb 3, 2014 at 3:36 PM, Warren Young war...@etr-usa.com wrote:

  Ah! I missed that. Is it actually the case that your server doesn't even
  have 2G of RAM? That's a *real* problem.

 Small RAM limits with strange values like 1.3 GB are normal for VMs.

 This is true. I can start up VMs with under 256M and do so quite often.
Looking at the non-shared memory in the list of procs posted, however, it
looks like that server at least is running pretty thin.

Rather than give the VM more dedicated RAM, have you tried adding more
 swap, Jussi?  Your system may be well-tuned, not I/O bound all the time
 swapping to disk, but that doesn't mean swap isn't useful.


Interesting:

21463 total pagecache pages
20882 pages in swap cache
Swap cache stats: add 1523887, delete 1503005, find 201987/297332
Free swap  = 0kB
Total swap = 3014648kB

In this case I'm more inclined to limit the number of processes rather than
increasing page space. Adding swap will delay the OOM, which is good, but
performance will suffer.


  Modern OSes
 pretty much depend on having some swap space.  If nothing else, it lets
 the OS move some little-used bits of code out of RAM, so the RAM can be
 used for the computer's real work.


Yes!  You don't know how many times I've heard, I have 64G of memory! Why
do I need swap?  There are some benefits to running swapless though. I've
dinked around with the overcommit and other memory options for some
workloads.


 Another thing to look into is how many forks or threads your web stack
 uses.  More is better for speed, up to the point where you run out of
 RAM, at which point your web stack slows to a crawl or dies.  If each
 fork takes 500 MB, and you've got it set to use 3 forks, you're already
 running into swap space, unless there's some serious RAM sharing going
 on among the forks.

 :)  Just had this conversation about spinning up Websphere JVMs to
increase performance...



 Web site tuning is hard.


:P
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Re: [CentOS] Memory leak - how to investigate

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Feb 3, 2014 at 2:59 PM, m.r...@5-cent.us wrote:


 We've got a number of websites on one of our production servers, and they
 get hit moderately (it's not Amazon... but they are US gov't scientific
 research sites), and I think we've got 25 threads running, total, to
 server *all* of them.


If you don't mind me asking, what are your fork/child settings like for
those and what sort of workload?


 snip

 mark got 8G on my home ssytem, and 6G on my workstation at work

 Just got my 64G main board in... Should be built by the weekend.
 Octo-core AMD and 64G DDR3, Nvidia 780. :D
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Re: [CentOS] And then there was one (browser)

[Kwan Lowe]

No consolation for CentOS 6, but Chrome does appear to work on the upstream
7 beta.
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Re: [CentOS] Google Chrome

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sat, Nov 23, 2013 at 11:25 AM, Johnny Hughes joh...@centos.org wrote:


 BTW, I like chrome, so that is why I am trying to maintain this ... but
 it is GOOGLE who is not maintaining the code to work on EL.
 [snip]


I appreciate your efforts on getting it working previously.

At my office there are a bunch of Red Hat and CentOS desktop users. I can't
imagine that we're that much different from a lot of other IT shops.
 Anyhoo, I'm building it via ChromeOS. Haven't gotten everything working
yet, but my hope is to run it within a VM. It's a horrible kludge, but the
alternative is to dispense with the Google versions of sync, documents,
etc..That's looking a lot more attractive :D
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Re: [CentOS] Crash and automatical reboot when using the NVIDIA card

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Nov 22, 2013 at 2:36 PM, Panruo Wu armiu...@gmail.com wrote:

  A few minutes after using the GPU for doing some HPC calculations, the
  server crashes and reboots itself. This is happening every time. I know
 it
  will be rebooted but I don't know when. Sometimes it's 20 minutes after
  starting using it. Sometimes it's 2 hours.


I had a similar problem. Under load the system would crash. Turned out to
be the fans weren't spinning up correctly.
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Re: [CentOS] What the heck is a text/html decoder

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Nov 4, 2013 at 4:45 PM, Frank Cox thea...@melvilletheatre.com wrote:
 My phone service provider offers a way to check my voicemail via a webpage.  
 However, when I go to that webpage with Firefox and try to play back a saved 
 message, a window pops up that says this:

 The following plugin is required: text/html decoder

 What is it looking for and how can I install it?  I already  have these totem 
 rpms:

 totem-nautilus-2.28.6-2.el6.x86_64
 totem-pl-parser-2.28.3-1.el6.x86_64
 totem-mozplugin-2.28.6-2.el6.x86_64
 totem-2.28.6-2.el6.x86_64
[snip]


Most likely looking for Flash. Some sites indicate gecko-mediaplayer
provides the txt/html.. not sure if it's covered by the ones you have
loaded.
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Re: [CentOS] which kernel do people use?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Oct 22, 2013 at 10:44 PM, Keith Keller
kkel...@wombat.san-francisco.ca.us wrote:
 Hi all,

 I'm doing a very informal and unscientific poll: which kernel do you use
 on your CentOS machines?  Not which version of the CentOS kernel, but
 which repository.  Here are some examples I can think of off the top of
 my head:

I'm running CentOS-plus on my main workstation but multiple VMs run a
custom kernel built from the CentOS SRPMS.  I have two systems running
CentOS with the upstream vanilla kernel, but these don't get much use.
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Re: [CentOS] to lvm or not to lvm - why/when to use lvm

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Sep 26, 2013 at 4:28 PM, Antonio da Silva Martins Junior
asmart...@uem.br wrote:
 Well, I think this is one of the big examples of what
 we can do with LVM: http://www.greyoak.com/lvmdrive.html

This is one of the top reasons that I use LVM on my home builds. I
generally build with an SSD as the OS disk and a large SATA drive as
my /home. When I need a bigger disk, which happens occasionally, I can
either add or move up to a larger disk. I tend to just move up to a
larger disk as I prefer a single disk to multiple disks for both
reliability, reduced noise, and reduced power usage.
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Re: [CentOS] Chromium update

[Kwan Lowe]

If you keep on canceling the auth dialog it will eventually load from
Google's cache, minus the images. The main download is a script that
does the package copy.  I'll have a chance to try it in about an hour.

Johnny, thanks for your efforts in getting this to work.

2013/9/18 Darr247 darr...@gmail.com:
 On 2013-09-18 6:41 AM, Johnny Hughes wrote:
 http://www.tecmint.com/install-google-chrome-on-redhat-centos-fedora-linux/


 That page requests credentials, even from google's cache.
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Re: [CentOS] Evergreen ILS on CentOS?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Sep 16, 2013 at 11:03 AM,  m.r...@5-cent.us wrote:

 I've got two possible routes, here: a) I can try to build an older,
 deprecated version of Evergreen, or I can try to build a newer libevent
 and stuff - some of which, IIRC, kde wants.

 Opinions? Suggestions? And if anyone's worked with evergreen, PLEASE TALK
 TO ME!!!

I haven't worked on Evergreen, but lately I've found need to build
some specific packages that were developed on Debian or Ubuntu based
distros. My approach has been to create a separate /opt/foreign mount
and then rebuild what libraries I could and place them there. It
worked, but I wouldn't want to do it for anything big.

If you have a build environment on Ubuntu, I suppose another option
would be to statically link everything.
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Re: [CentOS] X11partioning

[Kwan Lowe]

 I am searching for a way in X11 to partition or divide the screen.
 For example the physical size of the screen may be 1920x1080
 but what if I want 3 sections like

   A
 B  C
[snip]
 Does something like that exist of X11? All this is on the same
 physical screen. Just dividing it up.

I suppose you could do something like run three vnc sessions on the
server (with appropriate -geometry settings) then vnc-viewers to each
of the servers. This is kludgey but would isolate the X sessions
somewhat.
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Re: [CentOS] RHEL Subscriptions

[Kwan Lowe]

 It says if you let ALL your subscriptions expire.   I read that to mean
 after you have no active subscriptions, you can use the software.   Seems
 absolutely crazy, but that's what it says.   It seems more clear to me in
 the detailed contract version it says clearly 'use or execute':

This clause is almost certainly to prevent folks from having a single
subscription and then using that to update all the others in the
environment. I don't have a problem with it; we do have several
hundred RHEL systems. There are alternatives though. CentOS works for
many companies. Even Oracle manages to rebuild the Red Hat packages
and sell support around it.
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Re: [CentOS] minimal X applications needed to export to remote server?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Aug 16, 2013 at 11:17 AM, Joseph Spenner joseph85...@yahoo.com wrote:
 In the past, on previous installations, I could ssh to the bacula server with 
 the -X option, and run the application (called 'bat'), and it would display 
 back.  I'd have to make sure the sshd_config permits Xforwarding, but that 
 was all.

 On my new CentOS 6.4 minimal, I always get:

 bat: cannot connect to X server

 I tried the usual tricks of exporting the display to my system where I want 
 to see the GUI, which shouldn't be necessary anyway due to the 'ssh -X', but 
 I thought I'd give it a shot.  Still no go.

You've probably already checked, but does the sshd_config deny X11 forwarding?

Did you allow the remote via xhost on your local X server?

Does your desktop require x11 magic cookies or other auth mechanism?


 I figured something was missing, since it is a minimal install, with no X.   
 So I installed 'xlogo', thinking maybe all the X stuff needed to display that 
 would be installed.  By installing xlogo, I got a bunch of X stuff, including:

You can test by temporarily installing tigervnc-server on the remote
and connecting. If you can run it there it should work remotely.
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Re: [CentOS] Motherboard and chipset compatibility

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Aug 12, 2013 at 12:14 PM, Glenn Eychaner geycha...@mac.com wrote:
[snip]
 Third (more general) question: My requirements are (I believe) modest:
 * 1U short-depth rackmount chassis OR Mini-ITX small-footprint chassis
 * Dual GbE network ports
 * Dual 1920x1200 monitor display
 * One SSD drive
 * 32-bit CentOS 6.4 compatible.

For the display configuration, do you need to run any
graphics-intensive software?  If not, I have seen some devices that
act as miniature broadcast devices. The monitors don't need to be
physically attached to the system unit. They do need some sort of
wireless access to the server though. They are useful for monitoring
stations, electronic signage, etc.., but not so good for fast updates
(i.e., no games, videos would probably be degraded).
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 8:09 PM, Ljubomir Ljubojevic cen...@plnet.rs wrote:


 Please submit a bug report on CentOS bugzilla site, against a kernel.


Thanks, have done so and referred this thread.

I'm beginning to suspect this is an SSD related issue. My other system
is otherwise identical except for a traditional boot drive. Later
today I'll have some time to replace the boot drive to check.
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 2:15 PM, Ljubomir Ljubojevic cen...@plnet.rs wrote:

 How about posting your boot line (from grub)? Maybe there is something
 that has changed now.

 Btw, do you have GPT MBR on your HDD's? I had a boot problem on my
 Samsung NP350e5x laptop when I formatted HDD with GPT. It confused and
 tried to boot HDD when I select DVD and who knows what when I choose HDD.

Thank you for your reply..
These are the two latest installed kernels. Default is set to the
latter. The only difference I have is that I removed the quiet
option during troubleshooting.

title CentOS (2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64 ro
root=/dev/mapper/vg_phoenix-LogVol00 rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8
rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=128M rd_NO_DM
rd_LVM_LV=vg_phoenix/swap_001  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us
rd_LVM_LV=vg_phoenix/LogVol00 rdblacklist=nouveau
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64.img

title CentOS (2.6.32-358.11.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-358.11.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64 ro
root=/dev/mapper/vg_phoenix-LogVol00 rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8
rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=128M rd_NO_DM
rd_LVM_LV=vg_phoenix/swap_001  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us
rd_LVM_LV=vg_phoenix/LogVol00 rdblacklist=nouveau quiet
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-358.11.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64.img


I'm going to reinstall and try a kernel from the testing repo.. Maybe
something is physically wrong with the SSD primary drive..
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 6:54 PM, Kwan Lowe kwan.l...@gmail.com wrote:
 I'm going to reinstall and try a kernel from the testing repo.. Maybe
 something is physically wrong with the SSD primary drive..

I just tried installing the upstream vendor's kernel and it works
fine. I just realized that the problem kernel is CentOS-Plus. I'm
uninstalling and trying the Centos updates version now...
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 7:33 PM, Kwan Lowe kwan.l...@gmail.com wrote:
 I just tried installing the upstream vendor's kernel and it works
 fine. I just realized that the problem kernel is CentOS-Plus. I'm
 uninstalling and trying the Centos updates version now...

OK, same error with the CentOS stock kernel (not from CentOS Plus).

Upstream vendor's kernel-2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64 works, stock
CentOS version and CentOS-plus versions hang immediately after
selecting the grub entry.

My hardware is fairly basic:
Motherboard M5A99X EVO R2.0 with version 1708 of the BIOS
NVidia GeForce GTX 560 video card
120G SSD as primary drive
150G SATA hard drive for data VG
ThinkPenguin wireless NIC (atheros driver)

There's nothing I need in the newest kernel that I need, just to
satisfy that weird part of me that wants everything updated :D.
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[CentOS] kio_http spawns multiple processes

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello All:

I've narrowed an earlier issue down to a problem with kio_http. This
one is much easier to reproduce:

In a KDE session, open Konsole terminal.

In the Konsole session, type a bogus web address. E.g.:  http://magoo.ca

Right click the link and select Open Link

In a few seconds you should get multiple notifications on the desktop
and several kio_http processes spawned. This notifications keeps on
arriving until a killall kio_http is issued.
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Jul 28, 2013 at 9:24 PM, Rob Kampen rkam...@kampensonline.com wrote:
 You haven't got an errored copy of the kernel by any chance?? I'd wipe it
 and re-install.

Rob, thanks for your reply.

Just tried that. Uninstalled the latest kernel, reinstalled. Same issue.

Also bumped my BIOS up to the latest...

The last time I saw this was because of some bad kmod packages for my
wireless NIC. This has prevented me from updating a few kernels back.
I only have userspace packages from alternate repos now, so am really
stumped on what could be causing this. And... I just updated another
system to the latest and it's working fine.
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sat, Jul 27, 2013 at 10:19 PM, Mike McCarthy sy...@w1nr.net wrote:
 Aha! non-CentOS drivers? Are these from the OEM? Theyprobably need to be
 rebuilt to the new kernel.
 Have you tried booting into safe mode or with video drivers disabled?
 Just how you do that with CentOS I don't know but there should be
 instructions somewhere on the WEB.

Mike, thanks for your reply.

These are the latest NVidia drivers (NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-319.32.run).
I'm not quite sure it is the problem, however, after running some more
tests.

I tried rebuilding the NVidia drivers for the latest installed kernel
using the '-k KERNEL_NAME' option to the installer script. These built
successfully while the older kernel was running.  On reboot into the
new kernel, I got the same error (hard freeze, unable to reboot the
system without a BIOS flash). I then uninstalled the NVidia
proprietary drivers completely (--uninstall from the script).  I
received (expected) X related errors and dropped into a shell on the
old kernel. Trying on the new kernel resulted in the same freeze.
I.e.:

On grub menu, I choose the newest kernel
(kernel-2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64).In the top left I see
the underline cursor blink for a few seconds and then stop. There's no
other output. The HD and Power light on the system unit is solid at
this point.

If I try to reboot now I see the system fans spin up at low speed.
About four seconds later the fans momentarily switch to high speed
then the system powers down. Even if I unplug everything, drain the
PSU, the system won't power back up until I reset the BIOS via jumper
blocks.

The hardware itself seems fine. I am actually typing this now on the
system in question, but in the previous kernel.

 I just ran a quick package list by Vendor (queryformat %{vendor} )
and found some Dag Apt packages. I'll uninstall these and retest.

Also checked my BIOS which is:

Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
Version: 1302
Release Date: 11/15/2012

If there's an update available I'll flash it.

This one has me stumped :)
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sat, Jul 27, 2013 at 8:38 AM, Johnny Hughes joh...@centos.org wrote:

 I have a two ASUS M5A99X EVO R2.0 motherboard based machines that I
 use for testing CentOS and I have booted the 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64
 and the 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64 kernels on both machines
 without any issues.


Thank you.. These are the exact same boards that I am running. OK, I
will try swapping out the video cards. Those are the only non-CentOS
drivers that I am running.
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[CentOS] Kernel 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6 boot fail

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello All:

I installed 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64 today and had some
boot issues.

After rebooting, the system locked immediately after the Asus
motherboard logo. I thought at first that it was a hardware issue
because it didn't appear that grub even loaded. I wasn't even able to
get into the BIOS to change the boot order so it appeared that it was
a hardware issue. I reset the MB BIOS and rebooted, which allowed me
to get into the BIOS. Everything looked normal. I then tried to boot
and the same issue.  I repeated the BIOS clear and this time got to
grub and let it load the latest kernel (2.6.32-358.14.1.el6). It hung
again. I repeated the BIOS clear, go to the grub screen, selected the
previous kernel and everything was fine.

Once I got to the OS, I removed the rhgb quiet from grub.conf from
the newest kernel. Rebooted. Hung again immediately after loading. The
weird thing is that I couldn't just power down and get back to grub; I
had to clear the BIOS again before I could even load grub to select
the previous kernel.

Anyone else experiencing issues with the latest kernel?  Any idea why
it seems to even corrupt the BIOS?
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Re: [CentOS] Can someone help confirm a bug? kio_http kdegraphics

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Jul 17, 2013 at 1:18 PM, Earl Ramirez earlarami...@gmail.com wrote:
 I carried out the steps using the following

 Build: CentOS 6.4 x86_64
 Kernel: 2.6.32-358.11.1.el6.x86_64

 I only installed html2ps, everything else was installed using the
 default Desktop installation together with the KDE GUI.

 When I click on the click, which point to http://ovh.com, I receive
 two notification and the same behaviour as you mentioned previously.

 When I check the output of ps -ef, I see the following, this was for
 two windows though.

 kde   5136  2352  1 13:09 ?00:00:01 konqueror -mimetype
 text/html http://ovh.com/
[snip]

Excellent.  Thanks so much for confirming this.  I'm trying to confirm
on RHEL now.
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[CentOS] Can someone help confirm a bug? kio_http kdegraphics

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello:
I'm trying to track down a kio_http problem using CentOS 6.4 with KDE.
This causes multiple kio_http procs to spawn and lots of
notifications.

Several steps are needed:
Create a foo.html with an href
foo.html
  htmlheadTest/headbodya
href=http://ovh.comhttp://ovh.com/a/body/html [^]

Use html2ps then ps2pdf to create a PDF document

html2ps foo.htmlfoo.ps
ps2pdf foo.ps
okular foo.pdf

Using the KDE desktop, open the PDF in Okular then click the click.
Immediately there are desktop notifications that website was contacted
and waiting for reply. A 'ps -ef' shows man kio_http processes being
spawned.

I'm not able to reproduce on all random websites, but the ovh.com
always does so. This link was found in the latest Linux Journal so
others may inadvertently cause this.
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Re: [CentOS] Can someone help confirm a bug? kio_http kdegraphics

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Jul 16, 2013 at 10:58 AM, Earl Ramirez earlarami...@gmail.com wrote:

 Hello Kwan,

 I will fire up a KVM vm and try to reproduce the problem/bug with the
 steps provided, in what architect are you currently experiencing this
 with?

Thanks Earl...

I am running on CentOS 6.4 64bit (x86_64).   I'm spinning up a RHEL
instance to see if it's an upstream issue also.
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[CentOS] Weird Okular/KDE error - thousand procs spawned

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello all:
I'm trying to troubleshoot a strange and repeatable error and not sure
where to log the bug report.

I subscribe to Linux Journal and download their PDF. The DLJ230.pdf
opens in the Okular PDF reader from Konqueror.  If I scroll down to
the ad for some colo site (www.ovh.com) and click the right side of
the page, I immediately start getting hundreds of alerts on the
desktop.

These all say:
  www.ovh.com contacted. Waiting for reply...
  Source: http://www.ovh.com/us/index.html

They appear at the rate of about one per second.

A ps -ef shows hundreds of new processes such as:

kwan 27155 24731  0 18:21 ?00:00:00 kdeinit4: kio_http
[kdeinit] http local:/tmp/ksocket-kwan/klauncherT24732.s
kwan 27169 24731  1 18:21 ?00:00:00 kdeinit4: kio_http
[kdeinit] http local:/tmp/ksocket-kwan/klauncherT24732.s
kwan 27177 24731  1 18:21 ?00:00:00 kdeinit4: kio_http
[kdeinit] http local:/tmp/ksocket-kwan/klauncherT24732.s
kwan 27184 24731  1 18:22 ?00:00:00 kdeinit4: kio_http
[kdeinit] http local:/tmp/ksocket-kwan/klauncherT24732.


I let it run for a few minutes to see if it would time out but it just
keeps growing until I finally kill all the kio_http procs (killall
kio_http). It's reproducible on at least two CentOS 6.4 builds. Not
sure if it's an Okular bug or something else.
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Re: [CentOS] Missing Chrome Dependency

[Kwan Lowe]

 OK, the latest stable version of Chromium is now posted here:

 http://people.centos.org/hughesjr/chromium/6/

:)  A big thank you for this build.

If I may, how difficult is to enable sandbox? As far as I can tell,
it's the only Chrome feature that would be useful to me.
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[CentOS] Kernel panic after update

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello all:

I just updated yesterday and rebooted when I received this error:

compat: exports duplicate symbol pcmcia_loop_typle (owned by kernel)
FATAL: Error inserting dm_mod
(/lib/modules/2.6.32.-358.2.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64/kernel/drivers/md/dm-mod.ko):
Invalid module format
compat: exports duplicate symbol pcmcia_loop_tuple (owned by kernel)

It is a centos-plus update however. Is this the correct forum to
discuss issues with the plus repo?

Thanks,
Kwan
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Re: [CentOS] Kernel panic after update

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Mar 17, 2013 at 10:45 AM, Akemi Yagi amy...@gmail.com wrote:

 Reported in the bug tracker:

 http://bugs.centos.org/view.php?id=6304

Thanks for the quick reply and will follow that discussion.

I'm still getting my head around netconsole... been a while :)
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Mar 3, 2013 at 11:02 PM, Ian Pilcher arequip...@gmail.com wrote:
 I updated my home server with the 6.4 CR packages, and I've experienced
 3 or 4 hard lockups since.  The server is a fanless VIA C7
 CentaurHauls system with a 1GHz CPU underclocked to 800MHz and 1GB of
 RAM.  It has a dual-port Intel 82546GB NIC in its single PCI slot.  (It
 also has an on-board Realtek RTL-8110SC/8169SC NIC that is plugged in,
 but doesn't currently have an IP address configured.)

Well.. Looks like my hardware problems were only superficially the
same as yours. After fighting it for two weeks, I got the second
replacement motherboard in on Tuesday. Swapped it out and it has been
rock solid stable since then. At some point I may try bringing up the
BIOS to the same version as on the failed board if someone has a
similar problem, but for now it's staying at the back rev version.
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Re: [CentOS] cgroups not working?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Mar 13, 2013 at 10:10 PM, Dennis Jacobfeuerborn
denni...@conversis.de wrote:
 Hi,
 I'm trying to use cgroups to limit the apache webserver but this doesn't
 seem to work as far as I can tell.
 I modified cgconfig.conf like this:

 group webserver {
  cpu {
  cpu.shares=250;
  }
 }

How many other groups do you have defined? IIRC, it was based on the
ratio of that share to the total. So if that's the only group defined,
it may end up getting all resources.

http://hydra.geht.net/tino/english/faq/debian/squeeze/cgroups/

This seems to indicate that is how it works..
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Mar 7, 2013 at 8:51 PM, Johnny Hughes joh...@centos.org wrote:

 I have 2 of these motherboards (ASUS M5A99X EVO R2.0) that I am using in
 CentOS development and testing.  I am not seeing this issue .. I have
 M5A99X EVO R2.0 BIOS 1503 dated 2013/01/31  update.

 Do you have the latest BIOS?

Thank you for your reply.

Yes, latest BIOS installed. I have 2 of these also with similar
configurations except for the NIC. One works perfectly the other has
constant freezes. The working one has a slightly older BIOS so I'm
thinking of downgrading the giltchy one.

As far as logging goes, any idea what sort of failures could cause
such a lockup? I.e., if memory was failing, would the system still be
able to log? As the mouse is frozen and kernel sysrq has no effect,
I'm still leaning towards hardware but literally everything except the
case has been swapped out. (Well.. let me qualify that.. Everything
but the 64GB SSD drive has been swapped but it seemed unlikely that a
drive failure could cause such a lockup. Incorrect assumption?)
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 8, 2013 at 10:51 AM, Gerry Reno gr...@verizon.net wrote:

 Nearly every time we've had lockup problems it has come down to bad or 
 failing memory.

 I've even had memory cause problems where it would pass a quick memtest but 
 ultimately would fail if you left it running
 the tests overnight.

Thank you for your reply.

I was leaning towards memory after swapping the power supply did not
solve the problem. There are 4 8GB DDR3 sticks, so I took out two and
ran with 16G.  It still failed. I then swapped that out for the other
16GB. Still failed. What I haven't tried is to downclock the memory to
a slower speed but will try that tonight if the BIOS supports it.
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 8, 2013 at 11:25 AM,  m.r...@5-cent.us wrote:

 Right, but I've always *seen* error messages, dmesg, and, if mcelogd is
 actually working (I can't figure out why it seems to on some machines, and
 not on others, or why it doesn't keep running), it's in there. The times
 we've had lockups, there's been nothing.

That's the frustrating thing.. Not a single error message. It also
appears unrelated to system load as I went through 4 hours of the
Phoronix test suite that pegged all 8 cores, Unigine Valley benchmark
for several loops, memtest.. All passed. But at night it locked up
when there was no load.
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 8, 2013 at 11:34 AM,  m.r...@5-cent.us wrote:
 Ok, so there was nothing in /var/log/dmesg? Have you tried running mcelogd?

Nothing in dmesg, but I have not run mcelogd.  I will try that tonight. Thanks!
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 8, 2013 at 12:33 PM, SilverTip257 silvertip...@gmail.com wrote:

 If it's not memory related (test this memory in another system) then it is
 probably a motherboard failure.  I've seen weird symptoms where the system
 will boot fine, but once the Linux kernel begins to build its cache it
 triggers a lock up/throws an exception.

:)  I've also swapped the motherboard. *Every* component except for
the case and the SSD boot drive has been swapped. This is going on now
for almost two weeks.

I will try your suggestion of trying a separate set of banks in the
off chance that those slots are faulty.
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 8, 2013 at 2:12 PM, Les Mikesell lesmikes...@gmail.com wrote:

 I will try your suggestion of trying a separate set of banks in the
 off chance that those slots are faulty.

 I had one a few years ago where it took about 3 days for memtest to
 catch the bad RAM but even after fixing that there were random
 crashes.  Turned out that the bad RAM had caused some disk corruption
 which was partly hidden by raid1 mirroring.  Once in a while a program
 block read would hit the bad copy, but when you look for it everything
 looks OK...

I'm running on the second bank now. I ran into a snag running mcelogd
however (processor might not be supported). It appears that the CPU is
not supported even after enabling the CONFIG_EDAC_MCE and
CONFIG_EDAC_AMD64 in the /boot/config-xxx..  The error sometimes takes
a few hours to occur so will use this system throughout the night to
try to catch the failure.

Starting mcelog daemon [FAILED]
AMD Processor family 21: Please load edac_mce_amd module.
CPU is unsupported
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 8, 2013 at 5:04 PM, Steve Thompson s...@vgersoft.com wrote:

 Just a wild idea: is the NIC in the system that freezes a Broadcom and in
 the other system something else? If so, disable_msi=1 may help.

NICs are now both ThinkPenguin cards with an Atheros chipset..  At
this point, the systems are identical except that the failing one has
an even bigger PSU than is needed (I calculated 650W required and had
an 850W in there... Now it's a 1200W :D ).
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Re: [CentOS] Lockups with kernel-2.6.32-358.0.1.el6.i686

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Mar 3, 2013 at 11:02 PM, Ian Pilcher arequip...@gmail.com wrote:

 I updated my home server with the 6.4 CR packages, and I've experienced
 3 or 4 hard lockups since.  The server is a fanless VIA C7
 CentaurHauls system with a 1GHz CPU underclocked to 800MHz and 1GB of
 RAM.  It has a dual-port Intel 82546GB NIC in its single PCI slot.  (It
 also has an on-board Realtek RTL-8110SC/8169SC NIC that is plugged in,
 but doesn't currently have an IP address configured.)

Wow. I'm trying to troubleshoot a very similar problem. I was
convinced that it was hardware, but beginning to exhaust my hardware
troubleshooting skills.

I'm running an Asus M5a99X EVO 2.0, Asus Geforce GTX 660, and AMD 8150
CPU, 32G RAM, Corsair 850W PS. Randomly I get a complete lockup. Mouse
freezes, network dies, etc..


 There's absolutely nothing in the logs related to the lockup.  The
 system simply becomes totally unresponsive, to the point that the
 console cursor stops blinking.  A hard reset is required to bring it
 back.

 kernel-2.6.32-279.22.1.el6.i686 seems to be completely stable.

Same here. No log messages, just a complete freeze. At first I was
suspecting some Pulseaudio glitches because of thousands of messages
in the log. Then suspected the proprietary NVidia graphics, then
thought it might be power supply. I've since swapped out every
component with no improvement. It can sometimes for for hours without
a problem, sometimes with a minute after a reboot it will lock up.

Have you enabled your thermal sensors? Do you have any messages in the
kernel log?
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Re: [CentOS] Off-Topic: Low Power Hardware

[Kwan Lowe]

Doesn't meet all your needs, but you can find old netbooks for $200 or
less. I've taken a couple from the laptop case and put it in a box. It
accepts a laptop drive (I'm using a 90G SSD). You can add a separate NIC
via USB. I'm running RedHat on them at the moment, but I assume CentOS
would work just as well.


On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 10:03 AM, Arun Khan knu...@gmail.com wrote:

 On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 9:14 AM, SilverTip257 silvertip...@gmail.com
 wrote:
  On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 8:12 PM, Gordon Messmer yiny...@eburg.com
 wrote:
 
  On 01/13/2013 10:15 AM, SilverTip257 wrote:
   And it looks like their Atom E6xx CPU [0] supports Intel VT-x.
   [0]
  http://www.intel.com/p/en_US/embedded/hwsw/hardware/atom-e6xx/overview
 
  Before you get too excited, the board's firmware is comBIOS, which is a
  Soekris-specific firmware that is designed to work well with a serial
  console.  I didn't spend a lot of time on it, but I did give KVM virt a
  quick pass and did not get it working.  They do run a 64-bit Linux, with
  good support for serial console and gigabit Ethernet.
 
 
  Any ideas why KVM didn't work?
 

 Unless, the comBIOS cripples the VT-x feature, CLI qemu-kvm  with
 -vga none is worth a try.

 -- Arun Khan
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Re: [CentOS] PCI/DSS compliance on CentOS

[Kwan Lowe]

Rui:

On Sat, May 26, 2012 at 3:36 AM, Rui Miguel Silva Seabra r...@1407.orgwrote:

 On Fri, 25 May 2012 22:52:13 +0530
 Arun Khan knu...@gmail.com wrote:

  I have a client project to implement PCI/DSS compliance.

 Some advice from my practical professional knowledge...


Excellent post...


  The PCI/DSS auditor has stipulated that the web server, application
  middleware (tomcat), the db server have to be on different systems.
  In addition the auditor has also stipulated that there be a NTP
  server, a patch server,

 There is always the scope to be understood.

 If a server has card numbers somewhere, that server in on scope.
 So is any other server on the same network segment.
 So is any firewall delimiting these network segments.

 Now... if you have a sufficiently large number of systems in scope,
 it's more practical to suppose PCI:DSS is in scope on all servers.


This is what we ended up doing. It was far easier to build everything to be
compliant than to selectively push PCI compliant configurations to a
handful of servers.

 This eases your maintenance as you won't have exceptions to deal with,
 or justify, but if you have very few systems in scope rather than most
 of the others which aren't, it'll be your decision considering the work
 overload. I personally still advise to follow most rules on the non
 scoped servers as they are in fact wise rules.

  The Host OS on all of the above nodes will be CentOS 6.2.

 Not a good practice to say 6.2. Merely applying patches as time goes
 on means in some time you'll be running 6.3. Say 6. :)

  Below is a list of things that would be necessary.
 
  1. Digital Certificates for each host on the PCI/DSS segment
  2. SELinux on each Linux host in the PCI/DSS network segment

 Beware that many instructions tell you to disable selinux. I found that
 with a little bit of work and the help of audit2why and a few more
 selinux commands, you can usually work around bad apps by assuming the
 risk of allowing what they need.

 A master will write his own selinux rules according to apps, though.


We have selinux in our base configuration. The only caveat here is that
vendors often will refuse to support an application if selinux is enabled.
Though I know very well that selinux itself is not the problem (i.e., it's
the policy that needs to be tweaked), the app owners claim that there is no
way to figure out what is wrong when selinux is enabled.


  3. Tripwire/AIDE on each Linux host in the PCI/DSS segment

 I advise OSSEC, rather than those, as it's a much better Host IDS.

  4. OS hardening scripts (e.g. Bastille Linux)

 I'm very wary of these generic ones, I usually bet on strongly reducing
 the packages installed and defining the security settings straight from
 my kickstart install scripts.

  5. Firewall
  6. IDS (Snort)
  6. Central “syslog” server

 Be careful to send logs under TLS. I found that as a syslog server,
 rsyslog on RHEL/CentOS 5 *sucks* and gets you in trouble with ram
 exhaustion and crashes. I had to backport from 6 as the idiotic siem
 software running on that server demanded series 5 (even though it's
 just java *sigh*) and we ran into this issue with rsyslog, which is
 quite old under RHEL/CentOS.

 This siem server does not support TLS syslog, only plain UDP/TCP
 unecrypted syslog, so one has to use a syslog server to receive under
 TLS then forward to the localhost.

  However, beyond this I would appreciate any comments/feedback /
  suggestion if you or your organization has undergone a PCI/DSS audit
  and what are the gotchas that you encountered, especially with respect
  to CentOS/ open source stack.

 Use sudo extensively. If you have many servers without central password
 validation and too little people, it's better to have passwordless sudo
 restricted to admins group as identified by access via OpenSSH RSA keys
 than having to change your password every month on hundreds of servers.


We use sudo among other things. Lately we have enabled ACLs to allow
specific individuals access to specific configuration files.

The main caveat with sudo is finding those applications that allow shell
access, etc..



 Restrict your access to root shell, and keep it's password (written by
 two persons, each knowing their own half) in a safe where none of you
 can access without paper trail.

 Yes, as an admin you can override that, but if you have externalized
 logs audited by a separate set of people, your trails may get you in
 trouble, so that risk is mitigated.

  I came across this which kind of brings out issues between the
  implementer and the PCI/DSS auditor.
  
 http://webmasters.stackexchange.com/questions/15098/pci-dss-compliance-for-a-vps-using-centos
 

 I see there some things that are not true, namely WRT CentOS versions.

 It has a lot to do with *how* you do your things, what evidences you
 register, whether the auditor is excessively strict and/or knows the
 technology and/or does a risk based assessment, how segmented 

Re: [CentOS] Configuration Compliance auditing for many CentOS 5.x boxes

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 1, 2012 at 2:54 PM, Tom H t...@limepepper.co.uk wrote:

 Hi CentOS experts,*

 Short Version*

 I would like to produce a weekly report in HTML for each CentOS 5.x
 server we have indicating configuration compliance with some industry
 benchmark. I am looking for a tool or tools to implement this, I am
 happy to use 3rd party proprietary stuff if necessary.



 [snip]


I'm in a similar situation. We have a growing infrastructure of over 300
instances of RHEL4/5/6.  Though not specifically CentOS the tools are the
same. My focus has been on PCI compliance. As of yet we don't have any SOX
systems on Linux, but I expect that will change in the near future.

For PCI compliance there are a few things that we do. The first thing was
to get a handle on the buildout process which we did via kickstart. This
ensured consistency in the builds which previously was done by different
engineers/operators with different skill levels. We validated the standard
image and then used Satellite/Spacewalk to keep track of the versions.

The next step was the daily bit rot and the damage from the application
folks whose sole experience was on desktop or laptop systems (i.e., they
never had to comply with any industry standards). We started by separating
OS from application. This meant not only separate volume groups and mount
points for application files, but also things like ensuring that apps did
not run as root (you'd be amazed how many developers insist that builds
must occur as root).  In just about every case where we allowed application
developers to have root access we ended up with systems that were wildly
out of compliance. In one case a developer installed an entire desktop
suite, including MP3 player and video editing tools, in order to satisfy a
dependency on a single widget library. We don't do that any more. :/

Next was auditing, which I think may apply to your question.

For the basic package setup, Spacewalk or Satellite can track the versions
and allow you to lock the package set. There are also existing scripts that
wrap variations of an 'rpm -qVa' and send the reports back. Tools such as
tripwire are also useful for this. If you have deployed SELinux, you can
effectively even lock the root user from installing or modifying system
packages.

For the configurations, we are experimenting with cfengine and puppet. They
allow you to track configuration changes, reset changes, etc..  I've also
used CVS to track configuration files directly.  I.e., checkin the changes
onto a logged administration server then have the production servers
checkout the changes on an on-demand or scheduled basis. This minimizes
on-the-fly configurations that accumulate and take the server out of
compliance.  There are tools to generate reports from cfengine/puppet that
show which configurations have changed, etc..

We are also using the perl test harness to run validations. It's pretty
coding intensive so you'd possibly need a Perl developer initially to
create and to maintain the scripts. The idea is to create the test scripts
in lock step with changes to the kickstart. The harness generates a PASS or
FAIL response depending on the Perl test. For example, for PCI compliance
we have a standard login banner. The test does an MD5 sum against the
target machine's /etc/issue.net and checks it against the stored hash. If
the hashes correspond it passes the test (barring hash collisions of course
:D ).

We are still looking at other methods.
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Re: [CentOS] How to remove a Trash folder from a mounted ntfs partition

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Oct 21, 2011 at 11:24 AM, James B. Byrne byrn...@harte-lyne.ca wrote:
[snip]
 folder and the folder itself. This I cannot do.  I have
 tried deleting using rm -rf ./.Trash-root but the command

Try deleting with the -f option. I.e., rm -r .Trash-root.  This will
at least tell you what the issue is. Once you fix the issue preventing
deletion, go ahead and add the -rf  (or unalias your rm command :D )..
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Re: [CentOS] Tool to track files

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sat, Oct 1, 2011 at 10:11 PM, Fajar Priyanto fajar...@arinet.org wrote:
 Hi all,
 Due to some reason, I will have to stop using Samba as our fileserver,
 and instead replace it with SSH access only.
 Users will be able to use WinSCP for it.

 The question is, is there any tool to track files (what is new files,
 deleted files by who, etc)?
 In Samba I can do that. I don't know how if it's SSH access.

 Thank you
 Fajar.

Sounds like you may be having some PCI changes in store :)

You can enable auditing to track those kinds of events..  Not part of
SSH itself but can help fulfill some of the PCI type requirements.
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Re: [CentOS] Slightly OT: First Time KVM and LVM on Centos

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Jun 16, 2011 at 8:59 AM, Les Mikesell lesmikes...@gmail.com wrote:

 There is no reason that should be true.  Copying 20GB out of an LV
 should take exactly the same amount of time as copying 20GB out of a file.

 What about the destination?  Wouldn't it likely be harder to find a place to 
 put
 the LV copy than space to write a file?  Or can you copy back and forth?

 --
I just copy the raw filesystem directly to the remote raw filesystem
with dd over ssh. If needed you can dd the entire partition to a file
also.

With LVMs you can also mirror the LV across multiple LUNs, break the
mirror, then move the other LUN to another system.
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Re: [CentOS] Changing from RHEL to CentOS

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Jun 7, 2011 at 6:55 AM, John J. Boyer
john.bo...@abilitiessoft.com wrote:
 I have a RHEL system and I'm thinking of changing to CentOW. How can
 this be done most easily. It is important that the e-mail setup not be
 disturbed, since it was crafted to work with an  IP that requires
 authentication.


Not sure if this will help, but I went the other way from CentOS to
RedHat by grabbing a list of packages with rpm -qa, cleaning up the
package names a bit, installing a base RedHat based on the same update
level, then yum update or yum installing from the list of
packages. Next I diffed the configuration directories and manually
moved the changed files. Finally just backed up/restored the database
and application LVMs (dd/gzip the entire partition).
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Re: [CentOS] nfs webroot 403's

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Jun 1, 2011 at 10:22 PM, Tim Dunphy bluethu...@jokefire.com wrote:
 hello list!!

 the reason I'm writing you guys today is that I'm looking to solve an issue I 
 am having with apache on a centos 5.5 box.

 The situation is this.. I am sharing the webroot for a few sites in a test 
 environment on an NFS share.

 This is the share:

 nas2:/mnt/store/web   1.4T  225G 1021G  19% /var/www

 Everything that is shared from this location on a server called simply web1 
 403's no matter what document you hit. On another web sever called web2 the 
 opposite is true. Every document you share is correctly served.


Do the apache users (or the user that accesses the NFS mount) have the
same UIDs on both NFS clients?
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Re: [CentOS] OT LVM question

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Mar 24, 2011 at 7:33 AM, Steve Campbell campb...@cnpapers.com wrote:
 I've got a situation here where my LVM is showing the following problem:

 Found duplicate PV xx: using /dev/sdb2 not /dev/sda2

 Not sure what causes this and I really don't have a clue as to what the
 consequences are when seeing this  or how to fix it. Google just
 confuses me with any suggestions.

Were these drives once mirrored?
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Re: [CentOS] Swap space for kvm virtual host

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Mar 14, 2011 at 5:24 PM, Nataraj incoming-cen...@rjl.com wrote:
[snip]
  In recent years people seem to configure a wide range of different swap
 allocations.  I was thinking initially to spread swap across seperate
 non-raid partitions on 4 of these disks, but the downside of that is if I
 put 2gb on each disk, then I can only swap processes that will fit in 2gb
 swap space.  Also, if one of the disks fails, I have to reboot if anything
 was swapped to that drive.

I'm not certain that's entirely accurate... It's not so much swap
space as page space.  I.e., there are pages being swapped out
rather than entire processes.
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Re: [CentOS] RHEL4 EOL

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Mar 3, 2011 at 8:12 PM, Johnny Hughes joh...@centos.org wrote:
 On 03/03/2011 05:57 PM, Kwan Lowe wrote:
 Just curious... CentOS4 lifetime tracks RHEL4 somewhat... Since RedHat
 has announced LTS (Long Term Support) for RHEL4, are there plans to
 extend the CentOS 4 support window?

 No, BECAUSE ... Red Hat does not publicly release the sources for their
 Long Term Support packages.

 They are not releasing the Long Term packages for EL3 now, they won't be
 doing it for EL4 either.

 Now, if they DID release them, then CentOS would produce them.


Ahhh.. thanks for the info...
It's just as well in any case.  Gives me some more leverage when I
push to upgrade the 4.x systems...
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Re: [CentOS] Updating hardware clock from cron

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 4, 2011 at 3:04 PM, Denniston, Todd A CIV NAVSURFWARCENDIV
Crane todd.dennis...@navy.mil wrote:
[snip]
 If your hwclock is off by a lot when it comes up I believe it is from
 one of the following:
 A) bad cmos battery.
 B) poor cmos clock
 C) confusing info in /etc/adjtime due to using both hwclock --adjust [at
 boot] and ntp (long story, but it is due to both tweaking the clock
 without coordination between them).
 D) booting a different OS with different ideas of timezones.
 E) manual tweaking of time via bios.
[snip]

good list..  I'd also add F) Running inside a virtual machine.

The VMWare clock skew can be enormous. On some systems it drifts by a
minute per hour if not adjusted via ntp.
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Re: [CentOS] Centos 6 - What are you looking forward to?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Mar 3, 2011 at 10:11 AM, Digimer li...@alteeve.com wrote:

 Personally, I'm really looking forward to Cluster 3 support. It will be
 fun to see how Pacemaker compares to rgmanager.

 How about the rest of you? What are you looking forward to in CentOS 6
 when it is released?

I'm looking forward to the new cgroups and KVM.  This will give it
some capabilities similar to AIX virtual partitions which can divvy up
CPUs at a fine resolution.

Also, the new multipath configuration tools will make my life easier.
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Re: [CentOS] Centos 6 - What are you looking forward to?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Fri, Mar 4, 2011 at 3:11 PM, John R Pierce pie...@hogranch.com wrote:

 IBM Power servers since the Power4+ CPU (they are up to Power7 now) have
 hardware partitioning support, commonly known as LPAR.  LPAR can be
 divided in units of 1/10th of a CPU.   The software to manage this is
 now called PowerVM (its been called other names in the past, not all
 polite).
[informative text snipped]

Yes, it is some nice stuff...

In particular, having the hardware partitioning capability plays nice
with Oracle licensing. Under KVM or Xen we still have to license the
entire system.  This probably won't change with the newer kvm, but one
can hope.

On the Linux side I would like to see how KSM (kernel memory merge)
stacks up against memory compression on the Power7 side. Not sure if
this made it into RHEL6, but hope springs eternal...

Storage management is always a big issue for me.  AIX has some really
great tools for managing disks. In Linux the LUN, block and fs layer
are still relatively decoupled which gives an enormous amount of
flexibility but certain types of changes require multiple commands on
Linux.

On the desktop side I've been running RHEL6 as my primary environment
since release. Transition was easy. My old kickstart files needed
tweaking, but so far it's been a breeze.
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Re: [CentOS] Gnu Screen - terminal issues

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Mar 3, 2011 at 2:36 PM, Sean Carolan scaro...@gmail.com wrote:
 I really like gnu screen and use it everyday but there's one thing
 that is a bit inconvenient, and that's the odd line wrapping and
 terminal size issues that seem to pop up.  The problem crops up when I
 type or paste a really long command, and then go back and try to edit
 it; the text starts to wrap over itself and you have no idea what you
 are editing.  Any fixes for this?


You wouldn't by any chance be using PuTTY to access the session?  If
so, you may need to play around with the terminal settings including
the scroll type so that it displays correctly.  I don't recall the
specifics but a similar thing happened to me.
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[CentOS] RHEL4 EOL

[Kwan Lowe]

Just curious... CentOS4 lifetime tracks RHEL4 somewhat... Since RedHat
has announced LTS (Long Term Support) for RHEL4, are there plans to
extend the CentOS 4 support window?
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Re: [CentOS] fast processing and buffering

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Mar 2, 2011 at 10:59 AM, Michael D. Berger
m_d_berger_1...@yahoo.com wrote:
 I have a C++ program that opens, gets a little data from, and closes
 about 5000 files.  Now if I run the program when I first boot up,
 the running time is from about 10 seconds to a minute.  Subsequently,
 the program runs in well inter one second.  Buffering -- right?

 So I changed a parameter, so the program gets a different (albeit
 similar) 5000 files from a different directory.  Running time on
 the first try:  well under one second.

 How about that?

 [~]$ uname -a
 Linux x 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5 #1 SMP Wed Jan 5 17:53:09 EST 2011 i686
 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Buffering, certainly.. but maybe on several layers.   The physical
disk may have a read ahead cache. The OS may also buffer.

You may also be pulling in libraries on the initial run which stay
resident for awhile..
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Re: [CentOS] RFC: video call recommendations

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Mar 2, 2011 at 2:38 PM, John R Pierce pie...@hogranch.com wrote:
[snip]

 I believe google chat aka google talk works on linux too, and it has a
 video option.   can't say I've tried it.


It works for me on Ubuntu/Fedora. Apparently some have gotten it to
work on RHEL5/CentOS5 but I have not tried.
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Re: [CentOS] Canon MX870

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Mar 1, 2011 at 2:46 PM, Brunner, Brian T.
bbrun...@gai-tronics.com wrote:


 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIOjRQhj5A4

 HP has its own realities.  It is supported well under CentOS.

In general, yes, HPs are pretty well supported. However, they have
shipped non-standard printers that don't work so well. For example,
the low-end HP2600n uses a different driver than the 2600 and the
2650. Though you can get it to work with CentOS, it's a bit of a pain.
 In fact, though the 2600n is listed with the other printers with
similar model numbers, it won't work. You need to download a package
from HP (at least there is one), or grab the foozjs drivers and
compile them.

The commodity Canons are OK for light use, occasional printing.  That
seems harsh, but I can say the same for Samsung, Brother and HP. All
their low-end ones seem to fail after about a year or use.  But hey,
for $80 they cost as much as getting a mid-range printer that you
update every 5 years.  I print about 10 pages a week, and occasionally
40 to 50 pages on specific projects every other month or so.
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Re: [CentOS] Sorting by date

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Feb 28, 2011 at 3:35 PM, erikmccaskey64 erikmccaske...@zoho.com wrote:

 Original:
 Jan 23 2011 10:42 SOMETHING 2007.12.20.avi
[snip]
 Feb 12 2010 SOMETHING 2010.02.11.avi
 Jun 26 2009 SOMETHING 2009.06.25.avi
 How could I get the output where the newest file is at the top?

If this is a text file, you can seed an array with the month names as
the index then sort using that index...
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Re: [CentOS] ls returns file doesn't exist, find finds it??

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 23, 2011 at 11:54 PM, neubyr neu...@gmail.com wrote:
 Howdy,

 I am getting some errors with find and ls command - such that find is
 able to see a file whereas ls says the file doesn't exist. Initially I
 was trying find and ls together as:
 # find ./ -type f -mtime +15 | xargs ls

Instead of piping to xargs, try:
 find . -type f -mtime +15 -exec ls {} \;
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Re: [CentOS] Looping Device unmounting problem

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Feb 17, 2011 at 8:36 AM, dixan rodriges dixa...@gmail.com wrote:
 Dear All,



 I have created  252 loop devices in my system and i mounted few iso filses
 into loop devices .when i rebooting the system error showing faild to
 umount 


 how can forcefully umount the loop device

Not specific to loopback devices, but in some cases I use fuser to
kill all procs associated with a mount... You may also need to remount
it as read-only before unmounting and maybe use the -nr option to
umount.
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Re: [CentOS] Authentication Problems

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 16, 2011 at 7:28 AM, James Bensley jwbens...@gmail.com wrote:

 [root@server ~]# su - webdevuser
 [webdevuser@server ~]# passwd
 Changing password for user webdevuser.
 Changing password for webdevuser.
 (current) UNIX password:
 passwd: Authentication token manipulation error

A lot of things can cause this, including a full /var filesystem :/
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Re: [CentOS] Creating floppy image without root permissions?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Feb 15, 2011 at 5:37 PM, James Pearson
jame...@moving-picture.com wrote:
 Have a look at mtools (part of CentOS) - you can do something similar as
 above as a non-root user:

  mformat -C -i floppy.flp -f 360 ::
  mcopy -i floppy.flp base_kickstart.ks ::ks.cfg

Well, hey now!  That works nicely.  Thank you!
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Re: [CentOS] CentOS 5 on a Thinkpad T60 laptop

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 16, 2011 at 9:52 AM, Mathieu Baudier mbaud...@argeo.org wrote:
 Hello,

 I'm considering buying a second-hand Thinkpad T60 (with 2 GB RAM), as
 a secondary laptop in order to run CentOS 5 on the field.

 My main focus is therefore to have something robust, reliable and
 above all well compatible with CentOS.
 Hibernate / suspend feature are important to me, because that's the
 main issue I have with CentOS on other laptops.

 I have found the following information so far:
 http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Installation_CentOS_5_on_a_Thinkpad_T60

 The processor is a T2300 (so 32 bits apparently):
 http://ark.intel.com/Product.aspx?id=27233

 I would be grateful if people having used CentOS on this model could
 share their experience (good or bad).

We had several of the T60s as corporate laptops. I've installed CentOS
and RHEL on them without much problem. Most everything worked fine.
The only issue I saw was battery life wasn't so great from a full
charge. It seemed to run a bit hot. After a meeting it would be at 40%
charge after about an hour.
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Re: [CentOS] Any update on 5.6 / 6?

[Kwan Lowe]

There used to be this farmer, Red,  that sold the most delicious
fruit.  They were very good fruits. Many people liked them and bought
them for their families. The farmer would make the fruit seeds
available, as was the custom in the land.

Another farmer, Fred, decided to take the seeds and start growing some
of his own fruit. It took weeks to grow the fruit. The only difference
was that he didn't put on the little Red sticker.   Instead he put on
a Fred sticker.  Many people used the Fred version.  Fred gave away
his fruit.

Many people started showing up for the free Fred version. Still, Fred
continued to give away the fruit. In fact he turned down donations
because a part of him didn't want to get paid for doing something like
that.  There were whole books Fred had read about altruism and the
death of altruism and how money corrupts.  Those thoughts maybe did
not apply to Fred's garden, but Fred maybe realized that money wasn't
the chief motivation for laboring for weeks and then giving away the
fruit. After all, Fred was a great farmer, and if needed could very
well sell his farming expertise for boatloads of money.

People started showing up.  Some didn't know about the work that Fred
had put into his fruit. Some wanted to know when the fruit would be
ready. Some went as far as asking why the fruit wasn't ready.  Some
said, Farmer Red grew his fruit months ago. Farmer Jed already has
grown his fruit. Why haven't you?  Some said, I don't know much
about farming, but you should get people to help.  Not me, since I
know nothing of farming, but get other people.  Some said, I don't
know much about farming. I want to help.  Some said, I've never
farmed this fruit before, but I can help.

Now Fred had read this book about how adding farmers to a field won't
necessarily make the fruit grow any faster.  Maybe it's true, he
thought.  Some of the experienced farmers had already been helping
anyway, so that was something.

I don't know how Fred continues to do his farming. But I appreciate
the free fruit. I appreciate the great effort that Fred has put into
the fruit, despite the chorus of voices asking why the fruit doesn't
arrive sooner.  It's good fruit and worth waiting for.


(I apologize for the OT post that has nothing to do with CentOS).
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[CentOS] Creating floppy image without root permissions?

[Kwan Lowe]

Hello All:

   I've recently had to provision some RHEL and CentOS VMWare
instances. There was no network connectivity so I had to use a
kickstart floppy and DVD iso rather than installing from our
repository.  To create the floppy I used the following:


As root:
dd if=/dev/zero of=floppy.flp bs=1k count=360
mkfs.vfat floppy.flp
mount -o loop floppy.flp /mnt/floppy
cp base_kickstart.ks /mnt/floppy/ks.cfg
umount /mnt/floppy


It works, but now I need to automate the process and have to do with
without root access.  Is there a way to create a floppy iso with a
single file without root access?   I looked at fuseiso, but it appears
that it still requires some root permissions.
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Re: [CentOS] Journal Aborts in VMware ESX (Filesystem Corruption)

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Feb 14, 2011 at 8:00 AM, Adam Tauno Williams
awill...@whitemice.org wrote:
 On Mon, 2011-02-14 at 12:08 +, Keith Beeby wrote:
 Hi,
 So the 'fix' is applied directly to the host os,

 no, to the *guest* OS instances.  [please, do not top-post].

 is this the correct thing to do?
 sysctl -w vm.min_free_kbytes = 8192

 No space(s) I believe.

 sysctl -w vm.min_free_kbytes=8192

 I'm still not entirely clear as to why this setting should/will make a
 difference in maintaining filesystem integrity.

It's certainly possible that the error I was receiving was a different
reason, though similar symptoms. We started seeing filesystems go
read-only, and only rebooting would clear it up.
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Re: [CentOS] Journal Aborts in VMware ESX (Filesystem Corruption)

[Kwan Lowe]

 It's certainly possible that the error I was receiving was a different
 reason, though similar symptoms. We started seeing filesystems go
 read-only, and only rebooting would clear it up.

 I use that setting on the Host OS for VMWare to prevent a whole vm
 from getting killed.

 That setting will maintain a minimum amount of free memory available to
 prevent a large program that requests memory quick from depleting all
 available memory and causing the program killer from killing the highest
 RAM process.

 If you are on a Host OS box, the biggest Memory processes are your VMs,
 and getting one killed off because memory reaches zero is not good.

 I don't have any idea how it would fix journal errors on a drive, but I
 guess it could.


It's been a few years since I put in the tuning, but here's some info
that might be useful:

http://communities.vmware.com/thread/20690?start=0tstart=0

In particular, others had reported seeing this error:

kernel: journal_get_undo_access: No memory for committed data.

I don't recall that error in my case, but might explain why the tuning
fixed the problem. There's a bugzilla for this:

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=179605
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Re: [CentOS] Server Specs..

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Feb 14, 2011 at 2:09 PM, Drew drew@gmail.com wrote:
 Recently a discussion around server
 specifications were floated with mention
 of routines to stress the configurations.

 Do these stress suites exist for server
 testing?

 http://www.stresslinux.org/

 IMHO, contains one of the best collection of linux based stress
 testing  verification tools on a convenient CD. I use it to pound on
 off-lease servers before we accept them from our Vendor.


Interesting.. thanks..

I was hoping that the testing would include validation testing.  I'm
looking for a package that lets one easily create tests such as:

* Is /var filesystem 1G or larger
* Does user xxx exist?
* Do packages x, y, z exist at the indicated versions?
* Is IPTABLES enabled on bootup?  Is it running currently?

I've been using Perl Test:Harness for some of these, and it works to a
point, but creating new tests is somewhat laborious and requires
familiarity with Perl. I.e., I can do it so that means I end up doing
it...

I wonder what the validation system is for CentOS?  Such a suite would
be useful to me to convince others that CentOS works identically --
bug for bug -- with RHEL.
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Re: [CentOS] Journal Aborts in VMware ESX (Filesystem Corruption)

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Feb 13, 2011 at 9:09 AM, Adam Tauno Williams
awill...@whitemice.org wrote:
 I have several CentOS5 hosts in a VMware ESX 3.5.0 226117 environment
 using iSCSI storage.  Recently we've begun to experience journal aborts
 resulting in remounted-read-only filesystems as well as other filesystem
 issues - I can unmount a filesystem and force a check with fsck -f and
 occasionally find errors.

 I've found -
 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=228108
 http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_UScmd=displayKCexternalId=51306
 - which seem related but I believe I am running a kernel that contains
 these fixes.

I ran into a similar problem, but it was not specifically iSCSI.  We
ended up setting a sysctl.conf file.  Give me a few and I will find
the setting..
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Re: [CentOS] Journal Aborts in VMware ESX (Filesystem Corruption)

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Feb 13, 2011 at 9:09 AM, Adam Tauno Williams
awill...@whitemice.org wrote:
 I have several CentOS5 hosts in a VMware ESX 3.5.0 226117 environment
 using iSCSI storage.  Recently we've begun to experience journal aborts
 resulting in remounted-read-only filesystems as well as other filesystem
 issues - I can unmount a filesystem and force a check with fsck -f and
 occasionally find errors.

http://communities.vmware.com/message/245983

The setting we used to resolve was vm.min_free_kbytes = 8192

Previous to this we were seeing the error pop up every week or so.
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Re: [CentOS] Configuring a cluster

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Feb 8, 2011 at 10:52 AM, Johnny H ukfrien...@googlemail.com wrote:
[snip]

 The cluster is medium performance for something called bioinformatics;
 we are looking at next generation sequence data.

This sounds fascinating... Would very much like to hear how you
proceed and pitfalls/successes you encounter.
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Re: [CentOS] mount the wrong device after system recovery

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Feb 8, 2011 at 1:51 PM, Xinhuan Zheng xzh...@christianbook.com wrote:

 · * switching / to /sysroot

 · Switch_root: bad newroot /sysroot

 · Kernel panic – not syncing: Attempted to kill init!



 I’ve changed the recovery system fstab to use the correct devices. I deleted
 recovery system etc/lvm/cache/.cache file. But it still doesn’t work. What
 am I missing?

What does your /etc/grub.conf  look like?
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Re: [CentOS] mount the wrong device after system recovery

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Feb 8, 2011 at 4:31 PM, Xinhuan Zheng xzh...@christianbook.com wrote:
 My grub.conf is pointing to sdb1 for /. I've corrected to use
 /dev/vg0/lv1. But after rebooting, I am getting the same error. I guess
 I need to rebuild initrd.img file. How do I rebuild that file?

You'd use the mkinitrd utility and specify the name of the new initrd
and the kernel version.

To create from the current settings:

Update your /etc/modprobe.conf
mkinitrd /boot/my_new_initrd-`uname -r`.img `uname -r`

Then update your /etc/grub.conf and update the initrd line..

You can specify an alternate kernel than the one running also.  This
is useful if you're rebooting into a new kernel and need to preload
the modules.
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Re: [CentOS] yum is b0rked

[Kwan Lowe]

On Tue, Feb 8, 2011 at 5:49 PM, Tim Dunphy bluethu...@gmail.com wrote:


 rm -rf /var/lib/rpm/*_db.*

 I have tried rm -rf rm -rf /var/lib/rpm/*_db.* and rebuilt my rpm
 package database but that didn't move the needle on this problem



That actually won't do anything for yum.  Try:

yum clean headers

If that doesn't resolve, try:

yum clean all


Also, verify that your /var filesystem is writable and has a few gig
of free space.
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Re: [CentOS] OpenSSH could be faster...then why don't they path it??

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Feb 6, 2011 at 7:20 AM, kellyremo kellyr...@zoho.com wrote:

 https://www.psc.edu/networking/projects/hpn-ssh/hpn-v-ssh-tput.jpg

 SCP and the underlying SSH2 protocol implementation in OpenSSH is network
 performance limited by statically defined internal flow control buffers.
 These buffers often end up acting as a bottleneck for network throughput of
 SCP, especially on long and high bandwith network links. Modifying the ssh
 code to allow the buffers to be defined at run time eliminates this
 bottleneck. We have created a patch that will remove the bottlenecks in
 OpenSSH and is fully interoperable with other servers and clients. In
 addition HPN clients will be able to download faster from non HPN servers,
 and HPN servers will be able to receive uploads faster from non HPN clients.
 However, the host receiving the data must have a properly tuned TCP/IP
 stack.

 My question is: So Why Does the original OpenSSH has limited statically
 defined internal flow control buffers?? It could be way faster, even 10x!!


They are likely erring on the side of safety. Dynamic buffers could
introduce some vulnerabilities. You can generate race conditions in
different ways, and whenever there's a dynamic run-time setting this
increases the exposure surface.

BTW, at the end of the linked article:
ms with buffer_append_space in HPN-SSH. If you are experiencing
disconnects due to a failure in buffer_append_space please let us
know. We're currently tracking some problems with this and we're
trying to gather more information to help resolve it.



 With the HPN-SCP path it could be the descendant of FTP! Why aren't there
 any OpenSCP packages? ('normal SCP+HPN-SCP path+no local user needed for
 SCP'ing+chroot by default')

 Any opinions?

 Thank you!


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Re: [CentOS] system clock

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Feb 6, 2011 at 4:35 PM, Buz Davis buzda...@earthlink.net wrote:
 I am running CntOS 5 with Gnome.  Every  now and then I have noticed
 that the computer will somehow get the time wrong by several hours.  Is
 there a simple way to adjust the time?  So far the only way I have found
 is to boot into windows (it is a dual boot system), make the change
 there, and then get back into CentOS.  Older versions of Red Hat and
 Fedora let you do it by right-clicking on the time display, if I recall
 correctly, but setting the time isn't one of the options in CentOS.

To summarize what others have said:

1) The disparity is caused by using different clock settings from
Linux to Windows. Deselect UTC to make it use local time.
2) Use ntpdate to sync the time.

A few other points:

1) Linux maintains both a system and a hardware clock. On bootup, the
system copies the hardware clock to the system time.  There can be
drift between the two clocks (especially in virtual environments), so
on shutdown the system does a sync from the system to the hardware
clock.

2) The ntpd daemon will not adjust the system time beyond a few
minutes. If you want to hard set the time, you need to use ntpdate
first then turn on ntpd to keep it accurate. ntpdate does allow the
system to slowly adjust the clock and this is useful to keep logs
sane.

3) Be careful when forcing a time change on a running system. Time
shifting backwards can wreak havoc on certain applications such as
databases.
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Re: [CentOS] Lost root access

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 11:35 AM,  m.r...@5-cent.us wrote:

 snip
 Well, if you could get on the system at all, and had sudo privileges, no
 problem.

Well, the point was actually if you did not have sudo access to change
the password, what else could you do. I.e., you had sudo to edit a
particular file or do something else, but not run passwd.
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Re: [CentOS] centos 5.5 check memoray usage too high???

[Kwan Lowe]

On Thu, Feb 3, 2011 at 7:18 AM, mcclnx mcc mcc...@yahoo.com.tw wrote:
 kernel is:

 2.6.18-194.26.1.el5 #1 SMP Tue Nov 9 12:54:20 EST 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 
 GNU/Linux


What sort of application?  Is it 64-bit aware?  What is the monitor checking?

Also, there are some things to keep in mind if it's a Java-based
application. You have to set heapsize differently (or at least, used
to have to) on 32-bit vs 64-bit Java.
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Re: [CentOS] Lost root access

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 9:44 AM, James Bensley jwbens...@gmail.com wrote:
 So on a virtual server the root password was no longer working (as in
 I couldn't ssh in anymore). Only I and one other know it and neither
 of us have changed it. No other account had the correct privileges to
 correct this so I'm wondering, if I had mounted that vdi as a
 secondary device on another VM, browsed the file system and delete
 /etc/shadow would this have wiped all users passwords meaning I could
 regain access again?


:)

Nope... would lock everyone out!!

You can change the shadow to a known hash and that should work.  But
going through that exercise, though interesting, would not be the most
direct method.

Had you changed the default expiration setttings on the system?  You
can run the chage command to see the settings on different users.
Also you may want to check the faillog.

Is this system Internet accessible?  I'd be very leery of trusting
that system until you determine what caused it to lock out.

Anyhoo, coincidentally I was thinking of ways to change a root
password on a 24/7 system. Some of the things I tested was to
overwrite some of the cron scripts that I had access to, create a suid
binary on a trusted and mounted fs (i.e., no root squash, noexec not
enabled), exec a shell from with a sudo command that had shell out
capability, etc..


 (This is past tense because its sorted now but I'm curious if this
 would have worked? And if not, what could I have done?).

 --
 Regards,
 James.

 http://www.jamesbensley.co.cc/

 There are 10 kinds of people in the world; Those who understand
 Vigesimal, and J others...?
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Re: [CentOS] Blasphemous? any support for a REPO of current edition BIND, et al (e.g., BZ561299)?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 1:02 PM, Larry Vaden va...@texoma.net wrote:
 On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 11:22 AM, Karanbir Singh mail-li...@karan.org wrote:

 you mean like the bind97 available in c5-testing right now, that should
 be in 5.6 soon ?

 Karanbir,

 WIth a lot of due respect, no, not exactly, since 9.7.0-P2 (if I'm
 reading it correctly) was released almost a year ago by isc.org.

 I was thinking more along the lines of /isc/bind9/9.7.2-P3/, released
 2 months ago.

 Is there that much distrust of the current output of leading authors
 that we need to wait a long while?

 kind regards/ldv

I appreciate the long roadmap and release schedule.

At my work we need to do two to three year forecasts. Budgets may
allow infrastructure updates every three or four years. If upgrading
to a newer package means breaking backwards compatibility (i.e., it's
an upgrade versus an update), we cannot associate the work and
resources to a maintenance budget and may need to find other sources
of funding.

That's the business case...

On the technical side, for every application we deploy we need to go
through an entire certification process. So updating bind does not
mean that we run a few dig queries against the new server, but doing a
complete regression test against all applications that rely on bind.
This would include revenue generating websites, authentication
mechanisms, SSL, NFS mappings, and other apps that require name
resolution (and it's surprising how many apps need more than just
name/ip).

A few months ago there was an Active Directory update. It had
repercussions for a CIFS service running on a human resources server.
This affected payroll processing. Now we need to find resources to
upgrade that application and we cannot use the same budget.
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Re: [CentOS] centos 5.5 check memoray usage too high???

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Feb 2, 2011 at 4:58 PM, mcclnx mcc mcc...@yahoo.com.tw wrote:
 We have DELL R900 server with 128GB RAM (CENTOS 5.5)in it.  This server only 
 have one application running and few people use it.

 Every week I ata least get one or two messages from monitor tool mail to me 
 say:

 Message=Memory Utilization is 92.02%, crossed warning (80) or critical (90) 
 threshold.

 Since server have 128 GB RAM and only 1 application.  I really don't belive 
 that.  Does there has some way can check memory utilitation ?


What kernel are you using?  Is your app 64-bit?
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Re: [CentOS] kernel update

[Kwan Lowe]

On Mon, Jan 24, 2011 at 4:57 PM, mahmoud mansy jecko...@gmail.com wrote:
 hey guys,
 i wanna update the kernel of thw centos 5.5,to the 2.6.32 version!
 is there any compatablity issues with stuff like glibc or otheres!

Someone suggested Fedora on the hardware and CentOS in a VM.. That
works best if you're doing the RHCE..

However, you can also upgrade the kernel and yes, a few things don't
always work quite right.  Most notably, if I build the stock kernel I
usually have to go back and tweak filesystem settings, sometimes some
/dev entries don't appear, etc.. Nothing catastrophic, but takes a
couple builds to get right.   The other option is to grab the
prepackaged kernels from some of the devs.  They do a great job of
packaging the latest, but then you miss out on all that fun of
watching your drive LEDs blinking like crazy.

BTW, you can download the RHEL6 trial..
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Re: [CentOS] rsync via crontab spawns over 20 processes

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sat, Jan 22, 2011 at 11:42 PM, Nico Kadel-Garcia nka...@gmail.com wrote:

 May I say no? You looked for help when you needed it, you provided
 the relevant information, and you provided more data when asked to
 solve the issue. And you understood the answer.

 I've *met* lamerz. You are merely a person who made a mistake. Glad
 you noticed and got it fixed.


Here's my lamerz story from a couple nights ago...

Backing up my xen/kvm machines that I do every month or two...  Copied
a xen guest from one system to another and booted to make sure it was
working... All looked good. Then did my normal rsync between the two.
The connection kept on dropping. On one system, ls was timing out. My
immediate thought was bad hard drive. Took an hour to determine that
I'd rebooted two identical xen guests with the same IP, same MAC, and
they were stepping on each other.

I'm very grateful for this list and for the patience that the
contributors exhibit.
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Re: [CentOS] how to control Hard Drive light from Linux?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sat, Jan 22, 2011 at 5:03 PM, Rudi Ahlers r...@softdux.com wrote:
 Hi all,

 Does anyone know how to control a hard drive light from Linux? I'm
 building a 24bay Linux File server which will run software RAID and I
 need an easy way for the engineers to see which HDD has gone bad.

 Most of our NAS devices has 2 lights on the hard drive cages and they
 automatically signal a bad one (reg light, light constant on , etc)
 but I can't figure out how todo this from Linux.

 --

This page might help:
http://pikawarp.org/?p=139


Talks about setting entries in /sys/class/leds.
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Re: [CentOS] how to control Hard Drive light from Linux?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Sun, Jan 23, 2011 at 2:39 PM, Rudi Ahlers r...@softdux.com wrote:


 This page might help:
 http://pikawarp.org/?p=139


 Talks about setting entries in /sys/class/leds.


 That's exactly what I want todo, but with drive cage LED's. Most hot
 swap drive cages have 2 LED's, so I need a more universal approach,
 i.e. irrespective of whether it's SuperMicro, Intel, HP, etc.


 The page you suggested is very specific to the WARP devices, and by
 the looks of it they have a script that runs in those folders, which
 in turn interacts with the drive's circuitry.

 but, I have yet to find a solution for generic Linux.

The actual process is similar on other devices.. If they have support
it will show up in /sys/class/leds and you can enable them the same
way.
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Re: [CentOS] Is there a difference between RHEL 6 and 5.6?

[Kwan Lowe]

On Wed, Jan 19, 2011 at 2:31 PM, Robert Moskowitz r...@htt-consult.com wrote:
 I have seen over the past few months subjects on RHEL 6 and RHEL 5.6

 Are these two different builds for Centos to chase or one in the same?


Yes, they are very different. RHEL6 has a lot of new functionality.
RHEL 5.6 is the current version of RHEL5.

CentOS5 tracks RHEL5.
CentOS6 will track RHEL6.
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