Pinging a Multicast address [7:65130]
Hi group, I practicing multicast and I am trying to get the router below to send a continuous multicast stream. I receive response to only the first multicast packet. Can some one give me a solution for this? Thanks John Tafasi r1#ping Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 225.2.2.2 Repeat count [1]: 100 Datagram size [100]: Timeout in seconds [2]: Extended commands [n]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 100, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 225.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Reply to request 0 from 150.50.7.7, 440 ms.. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65130t=65130 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
VPN: difference between hash / group/encryp ? [7:65131]
Hi.. Group When I want to configured VPN between PIX, I need to configured the authentication , encryption, hash, group Do u know what is the difference them ? especially among hash, group, encryption? Can I don't specify any of them?? Thanks Richard _ MSN 8 with e-mail virus protection service: 2 months FREE* http://join.msn.com/?page=features/virus Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65131t=65131 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Survived CCDP recertification! [7:65115]
congrats!. I have just over a year left for mine! -Original Message- From: Vicuna, Mark [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 12 March 2003 04:24 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Survived CCDP recertification! [7:65115] good stuff Priscilla :-) -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 11:47 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Survived CCDP recertification! [7:65115] I just took the CCDP Recertification exam, exam number 640-529. I got an 878. You need 768 to pass. There were 115 questions and I had extra time. You get 2 hours. The test wasn't too bad. The copyright on the test is 2000. That will give you a clue regarding what's on there. The test was clearly broken up into 4 sections: remote access, CID, routing, and switching. Remote access was pretty easy because I studied for it. CID still had the ancient technologies and bizarre wording we have come to know and love. :-) Routing was the hardest for me, not because it included any routing protocols recently added to other tests, but because the questions were tough. But at least they were well written. I'll have to study OSPF summarization better for next time (CCNP recert coming up too.) The switching questions ranged from outrageously easy to tough. I was shocked at how badly written they were. The author of the switching test doesn't seem to be a native English speaker. There were missing articles, and verbs that didn't agree with the subject, and other clues that the writer wasn't a native English speaker. That's OK, but doesn't Cisco have editors? Also some of the right (I think!) answers had the logic backwards. Perhaps if you're thinking in another language and translating, that could happen. But I survived and am still a proud CCDP! Priscilla Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65133t=65115 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Pinging a Multicast address [7:65132]
John, You can look into using Multicast Routing Monitor (MRM). Here is a working config. R5 ip mrm manager myTest manager Ethernet 0/0 group 226.2.3.4 senders 1 receivers 2 sender-list 1 ! access-list 1 permit 161.1.45.4 access-list 2 permit 161.1.127.1 R4 interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 161.1.45.4 255.255.255.0 ip mrm test-sender R1 interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 161.1.127.1 255.255.255.252 ip mrm test-receiver R5 mrm myTest start Basically you configure a manager, multicast test sender, and multicast test receiver. In this case R5 is the manager. R4 is the multicast sender and R1 is the multicast receiver. Look at some of the show ip mrm commands to see the results. This can also be used in the real world to monitor a real multicast stream. The config is essentially the same except the multicast test sender isn't needed. Brian Dennis, CCIE #2210 (RS/ISP Dial/Security) CCSI# 98640 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of John Tafasi Sent: Tuesday, March 11, 2003 10:11 PM To: Cisco Group Study; ccielab Subject: Pinging a Multicast address Hi group, I practicing multicast and I am trying to get the router below to send a continuous multicast stream. I receive response to only the first multicast packet. Can some one give me a solution for this? Thanks John Tafasi r1#ping Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 225.2.2.2 Repeat count [1]: 100 Datagram size [100]: Timeout in seconds [2]: Extended commands [n]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 100, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 225.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Reply to request 0 from 150.50.7.7, 440 ms.. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65132t=65132 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: VPN: difference between hash / group/encryp ? [7:65131]
Hash is needed for Data Integrity. Two possibilities: HMAC-MD5 or HMAC-SHA-1 A sent the message and the shared secret key trough the Hash-Algorithm. Hash is appended at the message. B recomputes the Hash with the message and the shared secret key. Hashs are compared. If matching, integrity of message is guaranteed. Group Password within VPN ist the preshared key. used for authentication. Encryption guarantees the confidentiality of the message. hope this helps you Martin Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65134t=65131 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Good book for CCIE Written Prep [7:65104]
I think you should be asking good books? :) I am currently using Bruces Caslows, Routing and Switching, New Cisco Press CCIE book, and the Cisco Press CCIE - Practical Book. I think the best way to tackle the big one is to start a file yourself, an in it have a chapter for each topic that appears on the blueprint, methodically go through each topic and research if from a number of sources (books, white papers, RFC's) etc, Obviously, topics where you are stronger needs less detail. And of course back it all up with hands on. Even for the written ecam, memory retention, I find is always better when I have worked through a lab or section of a lab. The idea being that you will cover everything off, and realise that the area's you dont like, you need to put in a little but more work. At the end of it and, when you get the email saying congrats, you're ccie is you can then sell you file and get it published :) hehehe, then future ccie wannabies will be asking,.what is s good bookm, and you can recommend your own. :) Good luck studying! Skarphedinsson Arni V. wrote: Can anyone recomend a good book for CCIE Written preperation ? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65135t=65104 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Silly EIGRP question [7:64259]
resending. -Original Message- From: Mustafa Furat Sent: Monday, March 10, 2003 7:21 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Silly EIGRP question [7:64259] hi... INET#sh version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 3600 Software (C3640-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2) Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 08-Dec-99 01:53 by phanguye Image text-base: 0x600088F0, data-base: 0x60E02000 . INET(config)#router eigrp 10 INET(config-router)#eigrp ? log-neighbor-changes Enable/Disable IP-EIGRP neighbor logging log-neighbor-warnings Enable/Disable IP-EIGRP neighbor warnings stub Set IP-EIGRP as stubed router I still am not sure if it is for that purpose... but this is how it can be configured... Mustafa -Original Message- From: Amar KHELIFI [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, March 10, 2003 2:48 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Silly EIGRP question [7:64259] hi, eigrp log-neighbor-changes eigrp log-neighbor-warnings Regards, Amar. Scott Roberts a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] never heard of that command...doesn't exist to my knowledge (at least on 12.0) scott Shyam, Sharma S (CAP, GECIS) wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Missed the command show ip eigrp timers rgds -- From: Shyam, Sharma S (CAP, GECIS) Reply To: Shyam, Sharma S (CAP, GECIS) Sent: Thursday, March 06, 2003 6:33 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Silly EIGRP question [7:64259] Michael I am not much experiencd but can we use for this. Rgds Sky -- From: Michael Williams[SMTP:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply To: Michael Williams Sent: Tuesday, March 04, 2003 6:41 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Silly EIGRP question [7:64259] Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: A protocol analyzer? ;-) And one that does a decent job with EIGRP. A lot of them don't. I think EtherPeek does in its latest software. Network Associates does a good job with EIGRP. I'll span a the port connecting out WAN router to the core switch (I'm 99% sure we're getting hit with updates from the WAN). We use NA, but haven't had the need to use it for EIGRP.. You can turn the router into a troubleshooting tool with the various debug commands, of course. There's quite a few for EIGRP and at least one would give you the info that you seek, (probably debug eigrp packet). But, you didn't want to use debugging, for good reason probably. Yeah we don't take debugging on the core routers/switches to easily =) Ever since a new guy decided to debug EIGRP in an EIGRP storm without a no logging console. Thanks! Mike Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65136t=64259 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
What does this config mean? [7:65137]
Greetings, I inherited a Cisco 2600 from a previous network admin. There is the following lines in my config, what do they mean: ip nat inside source static 196.1.1.195 196.3.3.74 ip nat outside source static 196.3.3.74 196.1.1.195 IP 196.3.3.74 is the serial int on the outside (ISP side) and 196.1.1.195 is one of our servers. I have an idea that they NAT the serial int of the 2600 to that of the server but why is there two line, one for outside and one for inside? Regards Pat Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65137t=65137 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CID exam - 640-025 [7:65139]
Hi all, Ive got my CID exam booked in a few weeks time... The final one I need for my CCDP... I did all the other exams in the middle of 2001 for my CCNPso havebeen out of the routine of studying for quite some time... Has anybody out there taken it recently? if so, any tips? Im working my way through the Cisco Press - CID book. Any other good study material? Many thanks Adam Adam Grimes IT Engineer - CCNP/CCDA IT Transport DE - LAN Team - UK Cisco Systems Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65139t=65139 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: PRI [7:64999]
My opinion of in-band and out-of-band: In-band is when channel control signals are mixed with normal data i.e. dialup. Out-of-band is when a separate channel is used for link control information, i.e. ISDN D-channel. Regards, John Botha CS IT Solutions Tel: +27 (0) 11 205-7000 ext 6851 Fax: +27 (0) 11 807-8992 Cell: 082 334 8267 E-mail:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Adding Value to IT -Original Message- From: Karen E Young [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 12 March 2003 07:49 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject:Re: PRI [7:64999] My take on it is... its out-of-band. It's just multiple logical channels multiplexed onto a single physical channel. It doesn't matter that the logical channels work together, the time slots remain dedicated to their respective channels and the traffic doesn't mix. Just my .02 Karen *** REPLY SEPARATOR *** On 3/11/2003 at 11:37 PM Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: So, here's a question for you all. I saw this on a practice test. Does ISDN use in-band or out-of-band signaling and is it different for BRI versus PRI? Well, it's not robbed-bit signaling, from what I understand, which I guess means it is out-of-band? The signaling has its own channel. But the signaling channel is bundled with the other channels in the circuit that your order from the telco. BRI has the 2 Bearer channels and the one D channel that enter the CPE together on a 2-wire circuit. With PRI, in Europe, ISDN enters the CPE on an E1 (4-wire ?) circuit. The 15th timeslot is used for signaling. With PRI, in the U.S., ISDN enters the CPE on a T1 4-wire circuit. The 24th timeslot is used for signaling, if you can believe the books. What would be the Cisco answer to the question of ISDN signaling being in-band versus out-of-band? Thanks, Priscilla Jens Neelsen wrote: Hi, Yes, it is one D channel per PRI. An E1 has 32 timeslots of 64kbps (=30B +1D +1timing). A T1 PRI has 24 timeslots + rest (=23D +1D). Timing is in the rest. You can save D channels if put more than one E1/T1 in a bundle. Then you need only one D channel per bundle. So the answer is: not more than one D channel per PRI. Jens --- maine dude wrote: Hi All, Quick question I hope you can help me with. How many D channels does a PRI have? I always thought it was two, but its states 1 in most places. Text taken from the CCNP remote access guide (to make it more confusing): there are 30 timeslots, leaving 2 timeslots for signalling and framing. Timeslot 0 is used for framing and timeslot 16 is used for signalling (counting 0-31). E1 PRI makes use of this same principle. Timeslot 16 is the D channel and timeslot 0 is used for framing information. Please advise. Regards,DJ - With Yahoo! Mail you can get a bigger mailbox -- choose a size that fits your needs [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65138t=64999 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: CID exam - 640-025 [7:65139]
Hi, I have done that exam today and passed barely. This after I failed barely last week. I used great books (because I like great books!). 1. Top Down Network Design - Priscilla Oppenheimer. 2. Cisco Internetwork Design - Mathew Birkner. 3. Boson Test #1 Practice Test. These resources will take you through, but you have to read the questions carefully, because two answers look almost alike (to the uninitiated!)that is when I realized the difficulty of this exam for someone without networking experience. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65141t=65139 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
5-4-3 rule [7:65140]
Hi to all pros, I would like to ask a very simple which is also very confusing. If I connected three hubs together have I break a 5-4-3 rule? But I don't think I have break the 5-4-3 rule because I believe the wiring of the hub is a bus circuit which is a segment and with three hubs connected together it consist of three segments. I hope someone will correct me if I'm wrong as I have been debating with my peers for past few days. My peers insisted four hubs connected is the correct one which is the maximum network of the 5-4-3 rule. Aren't four hubs consist of four segments which have broke the 5-4-3 rule? Thanks in advance. Chiam Chin Tiong CCNA ITE Dover student ICQ 153179194 [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of image001.jpg] [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of image001.jpg] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65140t=65140 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
bandwith reservation vith cef [7:65142]
RSVP cannot be configured with VIP-distributed Cisco Express Forwarding (dCEF). Is there any bandwith reservation protocol that can be configured with cef? Thanks -- Virus taramasi Vexira AV programi kullanilarak Is Net tarafindan yapilmistir. This e-mail is checked by Is Net against all known types of viruses using Vexira AV. Is Net'in en ucuz saatlik kullanim paketi Teneffus.Net'i ve en ucuz sinirsiz erisim paketi Taksitli Ekonet'i duymus muydunuz? http://www.isnet.net.tr/teneffusnet/ http://www.isnet.net.tr/taksitliekonet/ Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65142t=65142 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: What does this config mean? [7:65137]
Hi, Can't answer as to why the ip nat outside... statement is used but I can say what will be occurring with translation. The ip nat outside will translate the source address of packets travelling from the outside to the inside. Here is a link to Cisco's website documenting the process http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk648/tk361/technologies_configuration_example09186a0080093f2f.shtml The ip nat inside will translate the destination address of packets travelling from the outside to the inside. The question then appears to be do you have an application running that would require the translation of the source address of packets travelling from the outside to the inside or did the previous person not entirely understand the Cisco NAT commands? Hope this helps, Paul Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65145t=65137 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
bandwith reservation with cef [7:65144]
RSVP cannot be configured with VIP-distributed Cisco Express Forwarding (dCEF). Is there any bandwith reservation protocol that can be configured with cef? Thanks -- Virus taramasi Vexira AV programi kullanilarak Is Net tarafindan yapilmistir. This e-mail is checked by Is Net against all known types of viruses using Vexira AV. Is Net'in en ucuz saatlik kullanim paketi Teneffus.Net'i ve en ucuz sinirsiz erisim paketi Taksitli Ekonet'i duymus muydunuz? http://www.isnet.net.tr/teneffusnet/ http://www.isnet.net.tr/taksitliekonet/ Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65144t=65144 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: CID exam - 640-025 [7:65139]
I passed it three weeks ago, no to hard I uesd the Top Down Network Design book, it´s a great book, but I actuly just got through half of it before the exam. it´s not that hard, and I took the CCDA, the old version after the CID and i would say the cid is a little harder, and not as boring i.e. does not contain case study´s like the ccda. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65143t=65139 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Bandwidth calculations [7:65008]
sorry i don't agree. check the bandwidth calculator on the net, u will see that i was correct. + for the K and k and B and b, it is so obvious that an explanation is not necessary... thanx for letting my messages show up normally and then respond to them; s vermill a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I should also have mentioned that the B is typically capitalized along side the K when dealing with kilobytes (KB) and the b is typically not capitalized when dealing with kilobits (kbps). That's probably at least, if not more, significant than the K/k capitalization (if, in fact, any of it is significant). I mention it because it seems to cause so much confusion. You won't see it around here much, but at some other forums one of the chief complaints relates to achieving only 1/8th the expected download rate. What's happening, of course, is that the download is being measured in KB/sec while the connection is rated in kbits/sec. I'll shut up now... s vermill wrote: Amar KHELIFI wrote: since 1byte=8bits and 1Kbits=1024bits then 32kbps=32768bps=4096bytes there is no formula. Amar KHELIFI, 1kbits does not = 1024bits and 32kbps does not = 32768bps. 1kbps = 1,000bps 32kbps = 32000bps. k simply means 1,000. The whole idea of 1KB (KiloByte) = 1024 bits has to do with binary math and the fact that computers deal in bytes vs. bits. 2^10 = 1024, which is divisibly by 8 (whereas 1,000 would not be). It would be very inconvenient for a computer to have to deal with information blocks that are not divisible by 8. Modern communications systems are not byte-aligned at all and deal strictly in bits. For example, a DS0 is 64kbps. That's 64,000bps. As a side note, and I'm not sure that there's any official convention to go along with this, in general, a KiloByte is abbreviated KB, with a capital K. kilobits per second is generally abbreviated kbps, with a lower-case k. Thus, when you see a capital K, it's safe to assume 1024 is being implied, whereas when you see a lower-case k, it's safe to assume 1,000 is being implied. Regards, Scott Robert Perez a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Anyone know how the conversion techniques for converting bits, bytes, kilobits, etc, to calculate bandwidth usages? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65153t=65008 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Survived CCDP recertification! [7:65115]
Thanks and congrats! I have both CCNP and CCDP recerts coming up in the next couple of months. Im pretty OK on most things I think (fingers crossed). I bought the BSCI Exam certification guide to go through the new bits just in case (and to revise OSPF and EIGRP), and got the trial InformIT subscription on the ciscopress website so I could run through the Switching and Remote Access books quickly and check that there wasnt anything I was majorly rusty on (for free :) Its good to know its doable... Looking back at the old books and notes its pretty daunting seeing how much info is there. Thanks :) TTFN Lauren Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65146t=65115 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: 10 half or 100 full [7:64931]
Has anyone had this problem on a piece of Cisco kit that wasnt a 2950, and if so was it CatOS or IOS. Im wondering if its an IOS bug or that model switch rather than a generic problem. It would be interesting to see the behavior of a 6500 running CatOS and IOS and see if the behavior is the same. Indeed Im sure Ive had a 6500 (running CatOS) set itself back to auto when it detected that there was a mismatch (while displaying error messages to let me know :) Bare in mind that IOS on switches is in a bit of a state of flux given the relatively recent ditching of CatOS. TTFN Lauren Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65151t=64931 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Survived CCDP recertification! [7:65115]
Good Morning Priscilla, Congratulations. JoeT Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65147t=65115 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
sniffer in Wan interface [7:65149]
Hi Group, Is there any way to capture the traffic on a WAN link using the sniffer software. I am able to capture the traffic on Ethernet connecting Router and Switch port by mirroring the port. Appreciate your help Regards, Kum _ Cricket - World Cup 2003 http://server1.msn.co.in/msnspecials/worldcup03/ News, Views and Match Reports. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65149t=65149 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Problem with Cicso VPN Client 3.6.3.B-k9 connectin [7:65152]
John, What version did you roll back to? Was the stateful firewall Always on checked? Do you have an firewall, system utilities software on this machine? Thanks, Robert Raver Cisco Systems Inc. [EMAIL PROTECTED] (801) 736-3939 Ext. 55664 Hrs. 6-2:30 MST - Original Message - From: John Brandis To: Sent: Tuesday, March 11, 2003 3:48 PM Subject: RE: Problem with Cicso VPN Client 3.6.3.B-k9 connectin [7:65107] I rolled back the client... -Original Message- From: Brian [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, 12 March 2003 3:56 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Problem with Cicso VPN Client 3.6.3.B-k9 connectin [7:65038] David, I encountered a similar problem.. The VPN client I was using had an intrinsic firewall that was blocking all traffic apart from that belonging to the VPN (even when it wasn't 'live'). To check this, right click on the VPN client icon within your system tray. can you see a 'Stateful Firewall' or 'Firewall' option ??? If so, uncheck this option and try to ping your machine - it should be as expected now. If not then you have a different problem elsewhere Hope this helps, Brian d tran wrote: Hi, I have Cisco VPN client version 3.6.3.B-k-9 (latest version) running windows XP Service Pack 1. The IP address of this window machine is 172.16.1.200. I set up extended authentication on the Pix firewall for remote Cisco VPN users and everything is working great. The outside interface of the firewall is 172.16.1.1 with a netmask of 24 The problem is that whenever the windows is rebooted, no one on the 172.16.1.0/24 network can ping this Windows XP machine. I do have a unix machine on the same network (172.16.1.100). Basically the windows XP machine can not do anything because it has no network connectivity. Even the firewall can not ping the Windows XP machine. The only way for this to work is for me to uninstall Cisco VPN Client and reboot the Windows XP box. After the reboot, windows is working again. Now under Windows XP Task Manager, I do see a process CVPND.exe running that I don't recall with previous versions of Cisco VPN Client. Anyone has run into this problem before? Regards, David - Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Web Hosting - establish your business online ** visit http://www.solution6.com UK Customers - http://www.solution6.co.uk ** The Solution 6 Head Office and NSW Branch has moved premises. Please make sure you have updated your records with our new details. Level 14, 383 Kent Street, Sydney NSW 2000. General Phone: 61 2 9278 0666 General Fax: 61 2 9278 0555 ** This email message (and attachments) may contain information that is confidential to Solution 6. If you are not the intended recipient you cannot use, distribute or copy the message or attachments. In such a case, please notify the sender by return email immediately and erase all copies of the message and attachments. Opinions, conclusions and other information in this message and attachments that do not relate to the official business of Solution 6 are neither given nor endorsed by it. * Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65152t=65152 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: bandwith reservation with cef [7:65144]
CAR would work Burak Sahin a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] RSVP cannot be configured with VIP-distributed Cisco Express Forwarding (dCEF). Is there any bandwith reservation protocol that can be configured with cef? Thanks -- Virus taramasi Vexira AV programi kullanilarak Is Net tarafindan yapilmistir. This e-mail is checked by Is Net against all known types of viruses using Vexira AV. Is Net'in en ucuz saatlik kullanim paketi Teneffus.Net'i ve en ucuz sinirsiz erisim paketi Taksitli Ekonet'i duymus muydunuz? http://www.isnet.net.tr/teneffusnet/ http://www.isnet.net.tr/taksitliekonet/ Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65150t=65144 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: PRI [7:64999]
refer to the BSCN by cisco press by paquet teare for confirmation.; John Botha a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] My opinion of in-band and out-of-band: In-band is when channel control signals are mixed with normal data i.e. dialup. Out-of-band is when a separate channel is used for link control information, i.e. ISDN D-channel. Regards, John Botha CS IT Solutions Tel: +27 (0) 11 205-7000 ext 6851 Fax: +27 (0) 11 807-8992 Cell: 082 334 8267 E-mail:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Adding Value to IT -Original Message- From: Karen E Young [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 12 March 2003 07:49 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: PRI [7:64999] My take on it is... its out-of-band. It's just multiple logical channels multiplexed onto a single physical channel. It doesn't matter that the logical channels work together, the time slots remain dedicated to their respective channels and the traffic doesn't mix. Just my .02 Karen *** REPLY SEPARATOR *** On 3/11/2003 at 11:37 PM Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: So, here's a question for you all. I saw this on a practice test. Does ISDN use in-band or out-of-band signaling and is it different for BRI versus PRI? Well, it's not robbed-bit signaling, from what I understand, which I guess means it is out-of-band? The signaling has its own channel. But the signaling channel is bundled with the other channels in the circuit that your order from the telco. BRI has the 2 Bearer channels and the one D channel that enter the CPE together on a 2-wire circuit. With PRI, in Europe, ISDN enters the CPE on an E1 (4-wire ?) circuit. The 15th timeslot is used for signaling. With PRI, in the U.S., ISDN enters the CPE on a T1 4-wire circuit. The 24th timeslot is used for signaling, if you can believe the books. What would be the Cisco answer to the question of ISDN signaling being in-band versus out-of-band? Thanks, Priscilla Jens Neelsen wrote: Hi, Yes, it is one D channel per PRI. An E1 has 32 timeslots of 64kbps (=30B +1D +1timing). A T1 PRI has 24 timeslots + rest (=23D +1D). Timing is in the rest. You can save D channels if put more than one E1/T1 in a bundle. Then you need only one D channel per bundle. So the answer is: not more than one D channel per PRI. Jens --- maine dude wrote: Hi All, Quick question I hope you can help me with. How many D channels does a PRI have? I always thought it was two, but its states 1 in most places. Text taken from the CCNP remote access guide (to make it more confusing): there are 30 timeslots, leaving 2 timeslots for signalling and framing. Timeslot 0 is used for framing and timeslot 16 is used for signalling (counting 0-31). E1 PRI makes use of this same principle. Timeslot 16 is the D channel and timeslot 0 is used for framing information. Please advise. Regards,DJ - With Yahoo! Mail you can get a bigger mailbox -- choose a size that fits your needs [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65154t=64999 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Question on Traffic on the internet [7:65148]
I am wondering about this question, if my vendor told me that their server are resided locally and I assumed that traffic out through my ATM with 2Mb local and 256Kb International will off course travelled through the 2Mb local leased line nad considered local traffic, I check the IP assign from Arin whois and found that it was indeed locally assign, however, when I did a tracert or pathping in Win2K, I found out that it actually route through a router with ip which is assign in the US from Arin whois then to the vendor server, does it mean traffic is actually travelling through the international pipe from my ATM or consider local, My question is how will ISP determine your traffic whether it is local or international traffic , is it base on the Destination IP or base on the Router IP it is directed to. hope someone is able to understand my question and shed some light. thanks Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65148t=65148 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ??? 2 Default Gateways ??? [7:64913]
actually in the context that has been laid out, which is 2 default static routes with the same AD, it will load balance.;; Network Phantom a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] John Neiberger wrote: This isn't necessarily true. It depends on your configuration and the source of the default routes. Take a look at the note at the bottom of the following page for details: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/105/default.html Regards, John Amar KHELIFI 3/10/03 9:52:27 AM yes u can configure 2 default static routes, but it will not load balance, but it will provide redundancy. Steven Aiello a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello all I was just wondering if you could have 2 Default gateways, using static routes? If so what would you do just enter the ip default route command twice? Also will the router auto detect if one of those routes goes down and pass traffic only to the active interface. I know you can do load balancing with routing protocols, but it seems to me that if you were on a stub, why would you want to run a routing protocol? I'm interested in this because of a post a while back. Any info would be helpful. Thanks, Steven Test Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65155t=64913 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
9E0-541 Exam trobules [7:65162]
Damm routing and switching Spec. exam 9E0-541, I have taken It two times in two weeks, and failed both times the first time I got 819 need 825, today I got 777, I am s pissed, at myself for the mostpart but this exam is rather hard, atleast the version I got to day, the one I got last week was ok, but I just did not know anything about the SOHO products, so that failed me, but today totaly diffrent, anyone here that has passed this exam ? I have CCNA/DA CCNP/DP and passed all of them in the first try. are the specilazition exams this much harder ??? well, just letting of some steem, I guess I wait for two weeks now and the try It again... Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65162t=65162 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Modular QoS CLI [7:65074]
I am not sure how I should word my access-list or the police statements (bps, normal burst) I am not sure if I undertood what you are asking. On the access-list you specify the flow that you want to give the bandwidth specified on the policy-map. interface vlan 90 service-policy input limit-traffic I want to limit traffic coming in and going out. With this command you are applying the traffic entering the interface. Maybe CAR would be better if you want to always limit the internal traffic from reaching the Internet. For example, if your internal network is connected to FA 0/0 and you external network is connected to ATM0/0/0, you would apply CAR on you FA0/0 interface If I remember right, with Policy map you are only limiting the traffic when congestion occur; if there is no congestion, the users will use the available bandwidth. What platform are you going to apply this? I am asking because you may be sure that the traffic is going to the interface (not the case when using MLS). Naomi James @groupstudy.com em 11/03/2003 15:09:51 Favor responder a Naomi James Enviado Por: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Para: [EMAIL PROTECTED] cc: Assunto:Modular QoS CLI [7:65074] I am trying to limit the traffic from two of my subnet using modular QoS CLI. I created a traffic class for my two subnets. class-map match-all res-traffic match access-group 101 class-map match-all wire-traffic match access-group 102 I defined a service policy name. policy-map limit-traffic class res-traffic police bps normal burst exceed-action drop policy-map limit-traffic class wire-traffic police bps normal burst exceed-action drop I am going to apply this service policy to my interface connecting to the Internet. interface vlan 90 service-policy input limit-traffic I am not sure how I should word my access-list or the police statements (bps, normal burst) so that I can stop these two subnets from saturating our bandwidth (6 MB) to the Internet. I want to limit traffic coming in and going out. access-list 101 deny ip ip address any access-list 101 permit ip any any access-list 102 deny ip ip address any access-list 102 permit ip any any Thanks for your help. Naomi James Computer Services and Information Technology Savannah State University 912-356-2509 [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type image/gif which had a name of Mabelt.gif] [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type image/gif which had a name of Mabelb.gif] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65160t=65074 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: AToM configuration [7:65024]
Hi Ismail, since no one responded to ur message, here is a link that has sample configuration for the stated protocols and more. enjoy...:) http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/iosswrel/ps5012/products_feature_guid e_chapter09186a0080134a1d.html Ismail M Saeed a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi All, Any one can send me sample configuration for PPP ATM over MPLS Thanks and best regards _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65163t=65024 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Slow WAN connections [7:65158]
Hello All, I recently posted to the newsgroup about configuring a mulitple T1 connection to a single network. I have since then got the configuration up and running however the connection out to the net is very slow. I cannot seem to figure out why. Here is the basics of the config: Fasteth0ip address 172.16.100.2 ip nat inside Serial0 ip address 144.x.x.x ip nat outside Serial1ip address 65.x.x.x ip nat outside ip nat pool Qwest 65.120.161.167 65.120.161.190 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat pool Sprint 65.160.124.199 65.160.124.222 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat inside source route-map Qwest1 pool overload ip nat inside source route-map Sprint1 pool overload ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.5 65.120.161.162 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.5 65.160.124.194 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.6 65.120.161.163 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.6 65.160.124.195 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.7 65.120.161.164 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.7 65.160.124.196 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.8 65.120.161.165 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.8 65.160.124.197 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.9 65.120.161.166 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.9 65.160.124.198 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 65.x.x.x ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 144.x.x.x ip route 65.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial1 ip route 144.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial0 ip route 172.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 FastEthernet0 ip http server ! ! access-list 10 permit 172.16.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 10 permit 172.16.200.0 0.0.0.255 The Serial interfaces are not showing any kind of problems and packets are going out of each of them. Thanks in advance Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65158t=65158 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: PRI [7:64999]
the D channel in on the 16th not the 15th for an E1 Priscilla Oppenheimer a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] So, here's a question for you all. I saw this on a practice test. Does ISDN use in-band or out-of-band signaling and is it different for BRI versus PRI? Well, it's not robbed-bit signaling, from what I understand, which I guess means it is out-of-band? The signaling has its own channel. But the signaling channel is bundled with the other channels in the circuit that your order from the telco. BRI has the 2 Bearer channels and the one D channel that enter the CPE together on a 2-wire circuit. With PRI, in Europe, ISDN enters the CPE on an E1 (4-wire ?) circuit. The 15th timeslot is used for signaling. With PRI, in the U.S., ISDN enters the CPE on a T1 4-wire circuit. The 24th timeslot is used for signaling, if you can believe the books. What would be the Cisco answer to the question of ISDN signaling being in-band versus out-of-band? Thanks, Priscilla Jens Neelsen wrote: Hi, Yes, it is one D channel per PRI. An E1 has 32 timeslots of 64kbps (=30B +1D +1timing). A T1 PRI has 24 timeslots + rest (=23D +1D). Timing is in the rest. You can save D channels if put more than one E1/T1 in a bundle. Then you need only one D channel per bundle. So the answer is: not more than one D channel per PRI. Jens --- maine dude wrote: Hi All, Quick question I hope you can help me with. How many D channels does a PRI have? I always thought it was two, but its states 1 in most places. Text taken from the CCNP remote access guide (to make it more confusing): there are 30 timeslots, leaving 2 timeslots for signalling and framing. Timeslot 0 is used for framing and timeslot 16 is used for signalling (counting 0-31). E1 PRI makes use of this same principle. Timeslot 16 is the D channel and timeslot 0 is used for framing information. Please advise. Regards,DJ - With Yahoo! Mail you can get a bigger mailbox -- choose a size that fits your needs [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65157t=64999 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: DTP and VTP Domain [7:64892]
*** REPLY SEPARATOR *** On 3/12/2003 at 12:00 AM Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Hi Karen, Are you back in the U.S.? Welcome back, if yes! I consider you a guru of campus networking technologies from the answers you give on GroupStudy. Yes, that's absolutely true. When I hear about her name, it's almost synonymous with Kennedy Clark. I've enjoyed reading her posts since I met her on this list about 3 years ago. Best wishes to a great professional. Elmer Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65159t=64892 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
slow wan connection [7:65165]
Hello All, I recently posted to the newsgroup about configuring a mulitple T1 connection to a single network. I have since then got the configuration up and running however the connection out to the net is very slow. I cannot seem to figure out why. Here is the basics of the config: Fasteth0ip address 172.16.100.2 ip nat inside Serial0 ip address 144.x.x.x ip nat outside Serial1ip address 65.x.x.x ip nat outside ip nat pool Qwest 65.120.161.167 65.120.161.190 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat pool Sprint 65.160.124.199 65.160.124.222 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat inside source route-map Qwest1 pool overload ip nat inside source route-map Sprint1 pool overload ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.5 65.120.161.162 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.5 65.160.124.194 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.6 65.120.161.163 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.6 65.160.124.195 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.7 65.120.161.164 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.7 65.160.124.196 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.8 65.120.161.165 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.8 65.160.124.197 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.9 65.120.161.166 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.9 65.160.124.198 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 65.x.x.x ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 144.x.x.x ip route 65.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial1 ip route 144.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial0 ip route 172.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 FastEthernet0 ip http server ! ! access-list 10 permit 172.16.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 10 permit 172.16.200.0 0.0.0.255 The Serial interfaces are not showing any kind of problems and packets are going out of each of them. Thanks in advance Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65165t=65165 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sniffer in Wan interface [7:65149]
I dont think you can do it with out some form of in-line analyser? kuma kk wrote: Hi Group, Is there any way to capture the traffic on a WAN link using the sniffer software. I am able to capture the traffic on Ethernet connecting Router and Switch port by mirroring the port. Appreciate your help Regards, Kum _ Cricket - World Cup 2003 http://server1.msn.co.in/msnspecials/worldcup03/ News, Views and Match Reports. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65167t=65149 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sniffer in Wan interface [7:65149]
u can use a tap and connect a sniffer to it...;; kuma kk a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi Group, Is there any way to capture the traffic on a WAN link using the sniffer software. I am able to capture the traffic on Ethernet connecting Router and Switch port by mirroring the port. Appreciate your help Regards, Kum _ Cricket - World Cup 2003 http://server1.msn.co.in/msnspecials/worldcup03/ News, Views and Match Reports. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65164t=65149 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Workbook homelab ? [7:65161]
I was wondering whether the people who passed the lab and used the well known prep lab workbooks did adapt their own home lab to do the exercises or bought all the necessary routers/switches to set up the 13 router lab or just purchased remote rack. I myself possess 6 routers but they are only sufficient to do the Solie's labs, not more. Thanks for any comment on this. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65161t=65161 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Telecom Books/Questions [7:65156]
Hello All, I'm hoping to get some input on which books are good to strengthen my understanding of the telco and their equipment. Currently I work in the NOC of my company. We primarily do 1st level troubleshooting of our network equipment and T1s. Primarily we have been running point-to-point T1s from our home office our to hub locations which then have small branch offices connect via point-to-point fractional T1s. The design group has started implementing DS3s at the hub locations utilizing ATM back to our home office. The small branch sites now connect to new hub locations via Frame-Relay (the telco is providing us frame-to-atm conversions). Since I'm pretty new to Frame-Relay I'm trying to get a better understanding of exactly what is happening. I understand the basics of Frame-Relay, but I'm looking for a more in-depth discussion of these types of scenarios. A good example is currently we have a site that is bouncing 3/4 times a day. The CSU/DSU on our side shows no errored seconds. The telco is telling me that the DAX (hope that is right for digital cross-connects), is showing no errors. However, they say they are seeing CRC errors, LMI misalignment errors, LMI timeouts, etc., on their Frame-Relay switch. To me, since we aren't seeing errors on their send pair and they aren't seeing errors on our send pair (their DAX with no errors), then the problem exists between their 1st DAX and their Frame-Relay switch. Now, I could be completely wrong and that is why I'm looking for more information - especially since I believe we will be seeing much more of these types of implementations at my organization. So, any books/sites/etc. that you could recommend for me to educate myself on telco inner working and/or DS3/ATM troubleshooting, explanations, etc. would be greatly appreciated. I currently have no books referencing any of these technologies (except for the Larscom CSU/DSU manuals - which aren't too bad - and a ton of Cisco books geared more toward routing/switching/security). I googled for a couple of hours tonight w/out much luck. I also found about 20 books on Amazon, but I'm not sure if they really address my needs. So, again any input sincerely appreciated. Jeff P.S. I just wanted to thank everyone on this list - I've been a lurker for a couple of years and have learned tons form you folks! Got my CCNP and now working toward my CCIE. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65156t=65156 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: PIX Question [7:65095]
Manny, Yes, you can limit the maximum number of connections to a device and the maximum number of half-open (embryonic) connections. This is done with the NAT command, at least in your case, since the connections are going from high-to-low security levels. The NAT command allows you to specify these two parameters. You'll need to be careful as to what you set them to, otherwise you might be preventing legitimate connections. By the way, the defaults for these values is the limit of your connection license, so as you have seen, an internal user could easily (purposefully or not) create a DoS attack and paralyze your network. Cheers! -- Richard A. Deal Visit my home page at http://home.cfl.rr.com/dealgroup/ Author of Cisco PIX Firewalls, CCNA Secrets Revealed!, CCNP Remote Access Exam Prep, CCNP Switching Exam Cram, and CCNP Cisco LAN Switch Configuration Exam Cram Cisco Test Prep author for QuizWare, providing the most comprehensive Cisco exams on the market. Manny wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I ran into a situation today where we had a machine that was trying to FTP through the firewall. We allow FTP outbound. The problem that came up was that the user had no idea that an FTP client was setup on his machine. The FTP client (spyware) kept trying to connect to a server (ispynow.com) using the incorrect user name and password. For every attempt an xlate entry was created. It created about 7000 entries in a matter of minutes. The firewall was paralyzed. I had to console in and look at the xlate table. Even through the console I had a hard time viewing the table. Is there any way to prevent this from happening again?This is the second time this year an incident of this nature with the xlate table has occurred. How can I monitor the xlate table for strange behavior? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65173t=65095 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Telecom Books/Questions [7:65156]
also the sites of the vendor equipement is good place to start with troubleshooting. Jeff Anderson a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello All, I'm hoping to get some input on which books are good to strengthen my understanding of the telco and their equipment. Currently I work in the NOC of my company. We primarily do 1st level troubleshooting of our network equipment and T1s. Primarily we have been running point-to-point T1s from our home office our to hub locations which then have small branch offices connect via point-to-point fractional T1s. The design group has started implementing DS3s at the hub locations utilizing ATM back to our home office. The small branch sites now connect to new hub locations via Frame-Relay (the telco is providing us frame-to-atm conversions). Since I'm pretty new to Frame-Relay I'm trying to get a better understanding of exactly what is happening. I understand the basics of Frame-Relay, but I'm looking for a more in-depth discussion of these types of scenarios. A good example is currently we have a site that is bouncing 3/4 times a day. The CSU/DSU on our side shows no errored seconds. The telco is telling me that the DAX (hope that is right for digital cross-connects), is showing no errors. However, they say they are seeing CRC errors, LMI misalignment errors, LMI timeouts, etc., on their Frame-Relay switch. To me, since we aren't seeing errors on their send pair and they aren't seeing errors on our send pair (their DAX with no errors), then the problem exists between their 1st DAX and their Frame-Relay switch. Now, I could be completely wrong and that is why I'm looking for more information - especially since I believe we will be seeing much more of these types of implementations at my organization. So, any books/sites/etc. that you could recommend for me to educate myself on telco inner working and/or DS3/ATM troubleshooting, explanations, etc. would be greatly appreciated. I currently have no books referencing any of these technologies (except for the Larscom CSU/DSU manuals - which aren't too bad - and a ton of Cisco books geared more toward routing/switching/security). I googled for a couple of hours tonight w/out much luck. I also found about 20 books on Amazon, but I'm not sure if they really address my needs. So, again any input sincerely appreciated. Jeff P.S. I just wanted to thank everyone on this list - I've been a lurker for a couple of years and have learned tons form you folks! Got my CCNP and now working toward my CCIE. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65172t=65156 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
unsub [7:65178]
Hi, I can't seem to unsub from this fine List. And the owner doesn't reply to help request. You can unsub anytime you like, but you can never leave. -HotelCA.com -edgar Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65178t=65178 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Good book for CCIE Written Prep [7:65104]
I recently revised the list of the book I thought were useful for this exam at www.laganiere.net, let me know if you find it useful... --- Dennis Laganiere - Original Message - From: Troy Leliard To: Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 12:44 AM Subject: RE: Good book for CCIE Written Prep [7:65104] I think you should be asking good books? :) I am currently using Bruces Caslows, Routing and Switching, New Cisco Press CCIE book, and the Cisco Press CCIE - Practical Book. I think the best way to tackle the big one is to start a file yourself, an in it have a chapter for each topic that appears on the blueprint, methodically go through each topic and research if from a number of sources (books, white papers, RFC's) etc, Obviously, topics where you are stronger needs less detail. And of course back it all up with hands on. Even for the written ecam, memory retention, I find is always better when I have worked through a lab or section of a lab. The idea being that you will cover everything off, and realise that the area's you dont like, you need to put in a little but more work. At the end of it and, when you get the email saying congrats, you're ccie is you can then sell you file and get it published :) hehehe, then future ccie wannabies will be asking,.what is s good bookm, and you can recommend your own. :) Good luck studying! Skarphedinsson Arni V. wrote: Can anyone recomend a good book for CCIE Written preperation ? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65177t=65104 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: PIX Question [7:65095]
Manny, A couple of thoughts, not necessarily in order of applicability: 1) Change the timeout values for idle connections for conn (connection slot) from 1 hr to 5-10 min and change the xlate timeout from 3 hrs to 5-10 minutes. These are idle timeouts and will probably work for most environments unless you have a lot of low traffic, long timeout connections. (uses the 'timeout' command) 2) Enable aaa authorization for at least ftp and http. Force users to authenticate before using those services. 3) Log PIX messages to a syslog server, monitor it for xlate problems with something like logsurfer. 4) Install an IDS system and monitor for failed FTP logins. Obviously, these are not mutually exclusive. HTH, Kent On Tue, 2003-03-11 at 16:04, Manny wrote: I ran into a situation today where we had a machine that was trying to FTP through the firewall. We allow FTP outbound. The problem that came up was that the user had no idea that an FTP client was setup on his machine. The FTP client (spyware) kept trying to connect to a server (ispynow.com) using the incorrect user name and password. For every attempt an xlate entry was created. It created about 7000 entries in a matter of minutes. The firewall was paralyzed. I had to console in and look at the xlate table. Even through the console I had a hard time viewing the table. Is there any way to prevent this from happening again?This is the second time this year an incident of this nature with the xlate table has occurred. How can I monitor the xlate table for strange behavior? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65180t=65095 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: sniffer in Wan interface [7:65149]
kuma kk wrote: Hi Group, Is there any way to capture the traffic on a WAN link using the sniffer software. I am able to capture the traffic on Ethernet connecting Router and Switch port by mirroring the port. Appreciate your help Regards, Kum If you just mean a PC running a sniffer application, it's pretty unlikely you'll be able to do any WAN analysis. The biggest problem is that PCs don't have much in the way of interfaces that can be put in a monitor position (ever seen a laptop with a T1 or T3 interface?). There are some RS-422 PCMCIA cards out there that are capable of, say, HDLC decode. However, I haven't been able to find any sniffer package that will interface to the driver code for those PCMCIA cards. If I knew more than just elementary C++, maybe I could write the code to make the interface between the two. I did some research a while back but it wasn't promising. I'm hopeful that after I get a little more familiar with Linux some new doors might open. Likely, you'll need a WAN analyzer. They typically run in the $10k(US) to $25k range. Not your typical home lab toy. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65179t=65149 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: is 10baseT dead? [7:65077]
Scott, I think you have a great point, it seems that most of the computer technologies we have today are not taken full advantage of. However instead of taking the air out the sale's staff sales as it were ( no pun intended ). Why not suggest upgrade from the Idf's to the server farm. You could suggest Ether Channel to combine some of the runs you have put in ( I'm sure ) when you are upgrading your networks. This way you have more bandwidth to the server farm and fault tolerance. WOW now that's a selling point. Also it can be done with out raising up the costs on hardware to much. You can get duel interface NIC's for your servers that are fairly reasonable now. I am amazed at the push for processor speed now, I can think if very few people that NEED 3Ghz with 2Gb of RAM. However no one NEEDS a Jaguar eigther, some people just want it and if they can afford it so be it. Look at the situation this way at least if your going for over kill the network will perform well, that is better than underselling and then having your clients be upset because they are limited in the future. But hay that's just my 2 cents. Take it with a grain of salt. = ) Steven Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65181t=65077 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: 10 half or 100 full [7:64931]
Interestingly, just now I fixed a problem with a Sun Netra server that was set to autonegotiate. It was connected to a 6500 that was hard-set to 100/Full. Since manually setting the speed on a 6500 disables participation in autonegotiation, the server was choosing 100/Half instead of 100/Full. Setting both sides to auto fixed the problem and I'm no longer seeing errors on the switch. John Sam Sneed wrote: I see interesting, most of my sun servers are over 2 years old. You say newer cisco switches should be set to auto first then manual if you have problems. Do you mean newer as in version of IOS, OS or newer physical hardware? John Neiberger wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] We have quite a mix of NT/Novell/Sun servers. As for the Sun servers, over half are set to auto. With those, we've only changed the settings when we had an issue. With the Intel-based servers and workstations we've moved most of them to auto. We've had a few machines with older NICs where auto just wasn't working right, but if your NICs are relatively new and you have updated drivers you shouldn't have a problem, at least with autonegotiation. We've had other issues, primarily with 3COM NICs on Dell workstations, but those have been resolved. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65182t=64931 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: 5-4-3 rule [7:65140]
the rule is 5 hubs 4 segments and only 3 populated segments but the above only applies to 10base x the hall problem is the the round trip propagation that cannot exceed 512bit time, so for a 10base x, the maximun roud trip should be 51.2microsecs or less, other wise problems will manifest, by being unable to detect collision(csma-cd will fail) Tiongster a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi to all pros, I would like to ask a very simple which is also very confusing. If I connected three hubs together have I break a 5-4-3 rule? But I don't think I have break the 5-4-3 rule because I believe the wiring of the hub is a bus circuit which is a segment and with three hubs connected together it consist of three segments. I hope someone will correct me if I'm wrong as I have been debating with my peers for past few days. My peers insisted four hubs connected is the correct one which is the maximum network of the 5-4-3 rule. Aren't four hubs consist of four segments which have broke the 5-4-3 rule? Thanks in advance. Chiam Chin Tiong CCNA ITE Dover student ICQ 153179194 [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of image001.jpg] [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of image001.jpg] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65166t=65140 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
When to use PIM nbma-mode?? [7:65187]
Hello, When is the cmd. ip pim nbma-mode actually used in a frame-relay hub and spoke topology? In my testing , I have found out that if the RP happens to be in one of the spokes say spoke A, then it is needed for the other spoke, spoke B to get to a multicast group configured on spoke A? Is this correct? If the RP happens to be on the Hub router then everything works fine without using nbma-mode, correct? Thank you for your help. Sincerely, CN _ Add photos to your e-mail with MSN 8. Get 2 months FREE*. http://join.msn.com/?page=features/featuredemail Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65187t=65187 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Bandwidth calculations [7:65008]
Amar KHELIFI wrote: sorry i don't agree. check the bandwidth calculator on the net, u will see that i was correct. + for the K and k and B and b, it is so obvious that an explanation is not necessary... thanx for letting my messages show up normally and then respond to them; I don't know what bandwidth calculator you're talking about but I suspect it measures throughput based on bytes. That's fine (and is, in fact, exactly the source of confusion I was talking about). Computers deal in bytes and so they're interested in how many bytes per second they can download. But a WAN circuit, which has nothing to do with computers, doesn't care about bytes. It lives in a bit world. A 32kbps circuit operates at 32,000 bits per second. With a good many years designing, building, and troubleshooting WANs under my belt, I can say this with some authority. I've directly observed thousands of WAN circuits with WAN analyzers. I know what rates they operate at. But don't take my word for it. Study the Digital Plesiochronous Hierarchy for yourself. You will find that the basic WAN unit is a DS0, which operates at 64kbps. That's 64, bps. In North America, the next step up is the DS1. It consists of 24 DS0s multiplexed together plus 8 kbps overhead. Multiply 24 by 64,000 and add 8,000. You get 1,544,000 bps. Ever heard of that data rate? If not, you may be more familiar with the European system -- which also starts with a basic unit of 64,000 bps. Regardless of which hierarchy you look at, you'll find that the math doesn't add up according to your calculations. For example, 24 multiplied by 64 multiplied by 1024 plus 8kbps overhead would add up to 1,580,864bps. Most certainly not a DS1. s vermill a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I should also have mentioned that the B is typically capitalized along side the K when dealing with kilobytes (KB) and the b is typically not capitalized when dealing with kilobits (kbps). That's probably at least, if not more, significant than the K/k capitalization (if, in fact, any of it is significant). I mention it because it seems to cause so much confusion. You won't see it around here much, but at some other forums one of the chief complaints relates to achieving only 1/8th the expected download rate. What's happening, of course, is that the download is being measured in KB/sec while the connection is rated in kbits/sec. I'll shut up now... s vermill wrote: Amar KHELIFI wrote: since 1byte=8bits and 1Kbits=1024bits then 32kbps=32768bps=4096bytes there is no formula. Amar KHELIFI, 1kbits does not = 1024bits and 32kbps does not = 32768bps. 1kbps = 1,000bps 32kbps = 32000bps. k simply means 1,000. The whole idea of 1KB (KiloByte) = 1024 bits has to do with binary math and the fact that computers deal in bytes vs. bits. 2^10 = 1024, which is divisibly by 8 (whereas 1,000 would not be). It would be very inconvenient for a computer to have to deal with information blocks that are not divisible by 8. Modern communications systems are not byte-aligned at all and deal strictly in bits. For example, a DS0 is 64kbps. That's 64,000bps. As a side note, and I'm not sure that there's any official convention to go along with this, in general, a KiloByte is abbreviated KB, with a capital K. kilobits per second is generally abbreviated kbps, with a lower-case k. Thus, when you see a capital K, it's safe to assume 1024 is being implied, whereas when you see a lower-case k, it's safe to assume 1,000 is being implied. Regards, Scott Robert Perez a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Anyone know how the conversion techniques for converting bits, bytes, kilobits, etc, to calculate bandwidth usages? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65186t=65008 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: slow wan connection [7:65165]
Are both of these T1s from the same provider, or is one from Sprint and one from Qwest? From looking at your NAT pools, and the whois information (below), it appears to be one from Sprint and one from Qwest. I am not sure how the router would make the decision when doing PAT, but it is going to pick one of the NAT pools, and then load balance across the T1s (whether per destination or per packet cannot be determined without seeing if CEF is turned on and seeing the whole serial interface configurations). In this scenario, you would be trying to send some packets out to each provider with source IP addresses that are not valid source IPs for that network, this may or may not be your problem. Some portion of your packets may be being dropped by the providers when they see source IP addresses that they did not provide you. Or, all of your packets are sourced from Qwest, since that is the first NAT pool, and you are load sharing outbound, but all return traffic is coming in on the Qwest T1 and using up all your inbound bandwidth. Check to see which one of these is the case, or if neither applies, and get back to us. whois -h whois.arin.net 65.120.161.167 Qwest Communications NET-QWEST-BLKS-4 (NET-65-112-0-0-1) 65.112.0.0 - 65.127.255.255 THREE Z PRINTING COMPANY Q1007-65-120-161-160 (NET-65-120-161-160-1) 65.120.161.160 - 65.120.161.191 # ARIN WHOIS database, last updated 2003-03-11 20:00 # Enter ? for additional hints on searching ARIN's WHOIS database. whois -h whois.arin.net 65.160.124.199 Sprint SPRINTLINK-2-BLKS (NET-65-160-0-0-1) 65.160.0.0 - 65.174.255.255 PowerNet Global Communications SPRINTLINK (NET-65-160-124-192-1) 65.160.124.192 - 65.160.124.223 # ARIN WHOIS database, last updated 2003-03-11 20:00 # Enter ? for additional hints on searching ARIN's WHOIS database. -Original Message- From: Terry Oldham [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 9:59 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: slow wan connection [7:65165] Hello All, I recently posted to the newsgroup about configuring a mulitple T1 connection to a single network. I have since then got the configuration up and running however the connection out to the net is very slow. I cannot seem to figure out why. Here is the basics of the config: Fasteth0ip address 172.16.100.2 ip nat inside Serial0 ip address 144.x.x.x ip nat outside Serial1ip address 65.x.x.x ip nat outside ip nat pool Qwest 65.120.161.167 65.120.161.190 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat pool Sprint 65.160.124.199 65.160.124.222 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat inside source route-map Qwest1 pool overload ip nat inside source route-map Sprint1 pool overload ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.5 65.120.161.162 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.5 65.160.124.194 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.6 65.120.161.163 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.6 65.160.124.195 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.7 65.120.161.164 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.7 65.160.124.196 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.8 65.120.161.165 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.8 65.160.124.197 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.9 65.120.161.166 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.9 65.160.124.198 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 65.x.x.x ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 144.x.x.x ip route 65.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial1 ip route 144.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial0 ip route 172.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 FastEthernet0 ip http server ! ! access-list 10 permit 172.16.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 10 permit 172.16.200.0 0.0.0.255 The Serial interfaces are not showing any kind of problems and packets are going out of each of them. Thanks in advance Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65188t=65165 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
test msg [7:65200]
test msg test msg Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65200t=65200 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Workbook homelab ? [7:65161]
Wow, I would be proud to own such a lab !! Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65207t=65161 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sniffer in Wan interface [7:65149]
Right, you need the WAN interface on your analyzer and a maybe a Y cable. Dave Troy Leliard wrote: I dont think you can do it with out some form of in-line analyser? kuma kk wrote: Hi Group, Is there any way to capture the traffic on a WAN link using the sniffer software. I am able to capture the traffic on Ethernet connecting Router and Switch port by mirroring the port. Appreciate your help Regards, Kum _ Cricket - World Cup 2003 http://server1.msn.co.in/msnspecials/worldcup03/ News, Views and Match Reports. -- David Madland CCIE# 2016 Sr. Network Engineer Qwest Communications 612-664-3367 I would rather have a German division in front of me than a French one behind me. --- General George S. Patton Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65206t=65149 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Good book for CCIE Written Prep [7:65104]
Dennis, Has your Boson test been updated for the new written? I found your old test very helpful when I took the old written, and I have a friend who is getting ready for the new one. Thanks, Hal Logan CCAI, CCDP, CCNP: Voice Network Specialist / Adjunct Faculty Computing Engineering Technology Manatee Community College -Original Message- From: Dennis Laganiere [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 10:51 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Good book for CCIE Written Prep [7:65104] I recently revised the list of the book I thought were useful for this exam at www.laganiere.net, let me know if you find it useful... --- Dennis Laganiere - Original Message - From: Troy Leliard To: Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 12:44 AM Subject: RE: Good book for CCIE Written Prep [7:65104] I think you should be asking good books? :) I am currently using Bruces Caslows, Routing and Switching, New Cisco Press CCIE book, and the Cisco Press CCIE - Practical Book. I think the best way to tackle the big one is to start a file yourself, an in it have a chapter for each topic that appears on the blueprint, methodically go through each topic and research if from a number of sources (books, white papers, RFC's) etc, Obviously, topics where you are stronger needs less detail. And of course back it all up with hands on. Even for the written ecam, memory retention, I find is always better when I have worked through a lab or section of a lab. The idea being that you will cover everything off, and realise that the area's you dont like, you need to put in a little but more work. At the end of it and, when you get the email saying congrats, you're ccie is you can then sell you file and get it published :) hehehe, then future ccie wannabies will be asking,.what is s good bookm, and you can recommend your own. :) Good luck studying! Skarphedinsson Arni V. wrote: Can anyone recomend a good book for CCIE Written preperation ? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65202t=65104 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Bandwidth calculations [7:65008]
Amar KHELIFI wrote: sorry i don't agree. check the bandwidth calculator on the net, u will see that i was correct. + for the K and k and B and b, it is so obvious that an explanation is not necessary... thanx for letting my messages show up normally and then respond to them; Amar KHELFI, If you look at my original post, you will see that I was even guilty of mucking this all up. 1KB does not equal 1024 bits as I said, but rather 1024 _BYTES_. Again, 1024 vs. simply 1,000 in this case becuase of simple exponential math in computers/software. WAN links don't have that problem. A kbit, in terms of memory or storage, would be 1024 bits. But kbps, in terms of WAN capacity or rate, refers to 10^3 bits rather than 2^10 bits. I hope I now stand corrected... s vermill a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I should also have mentioned that the B is typically capitalized along side the K when dealing with kilobytes (KB) and the b is typically not capitalized when dealing with kilobits (kbps). That's probably at least, if not more, significant than the K/k capitalization (if, in fact, any of it is significant). I mention it because it seems to cause so much confusion. You won't see it around here much, but at some other forums one of the chief complaints relates to achieving only 1/8th the expected download rate. What's happening, of course, is that the download is being measured in KB/sec while the connection is rated in kbits/sec. I'll shut up now... s vermill wrote: Amar KHELIFI wrote: since 1byte=8bits and 1Kbits=1024bits then 32kbps=32768bps=4096bytes there is no formula. Amar KHELIFI, 1kbits does not = 1024bits and 32kbps does not = 32768bps. 1kbps = 1,000bps 32kbps = 32000bps. k simply means 1,000. The whole idea of 1KB (KiloByte) = 1024 bits has to do with binary math and the fact that computers deal in bytes vs. bits. 2^10 = 1024, which is divisibly by 8 (whereas 1,000 would not be). It would be very inconvenient for a computer to have to deal with information blocks that are not divisible by 8. Modern communications systems are not byte-aligned at all and deal strictly in bits. For example, a DS0 is 64kbps. That's 64,000bps. As a side note, and I'm not sure that there's any official convention to go along with this, in general, a KiloByte is abbreviated KB, with a capital K. kilobits per second is generally abbreviated kbps, with a lower-case k. Thus, when you see a capital K, it's safe to assume 1024 is being implied, whereas when you see a lower-case k, it's safe to assume 1,000 is being implied. Regards, Scott Robert Perez a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Anyone know how the conversion techniques for converting bits, bytes, kilobits, etc, to calculate bandwidth usages? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65197t=65008 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Bandwidth calculations [7:65008]
At 01:36 PM 3/12/2003 +, Amar KHELIFI wrote: sorry i don't agree. check the bandwidth calculator on the net, u will see that i was correct. + for the K and k and B and b, it is so obvious that an explanation is not necessary... While I agree that Kb tends to refer to 1024 and kb to 1000, I will suggest that very few things are so obvious that they do not require explanation. If it truly did not require explanation, you would not be involved in a discussion revolving around the clarity of the expression, or otherwise you mean to suggest that your partner in the discussion is obtuse to to the point of missing the most obvious of points, which I think might be a little offensive. Pete thanx for letting my messages show up normally and then respond to them; s vermill a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I should also have mentioned that the B is typically capitalized along side the K when dealing with kilobytes (KB) and the b is typically not capitalized when dealing with kilobits (kbps). That's probably at least, if not more, significant than the K/k capitalization (if, in fact, any of it is significant). I mention it because it seems to cause so much confusion. You won't see it around here much, but at some other forums one of the chief complaints relates to achieving only 1/8th the expected download rate. What's happening, of course, is that the download is being measured in KB/sec while the connection is rated in kbits/sec. I'll shut up now... s vermill wrote: Amar KHELIFI wrote: since 1byte=8bits and 1Kbits=1024bits then 32kbps=32768bps=4096bytes there is no formula. Amar KHELIFI, 1kbits does not = 1024bits and 32kbps does not = 32768bps. 1kbps = 1,000bps 32kbps = 32000bps. k simply means 1,000. The whole idea of 1KB (KiloByte) = 1024 bits has to do with binary math and the fact that computers deal in bytes vs. bits. 2^10 = 1024, which is divisibly by 8 (whereas 1,000 would not be). It would be very inconvenient for a computer to have to deal with information blocks that are not divisible by 8. Modern communications systems are not byte-aligned at all and deal strictly in bits. For example, a DS0 is 64kbps. That's 64,000bps. As a side note, and I'm not sure that there's any official convention to go along with this, in general, a KiloByte is abbreviated KB, with a capital K. kilobits per second is generally abbreviated kbps, with a lower-case k. Thus, when you see a capital K, it's safe to assume 1024 is being implied, whereas when you see a lower-case k, it's safe to assume 1,000 is being implied. Regards, Scott Robert Perez a icrit dans le message de news: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Anyone know how the conversion techniques for converting bits, bytes, kilobits, etc, to calculate bandwidth usages? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65204t=65008 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
kbit vs. Kbit kByte vs. KByte (was BW Calc) [7:65211]
Wow! I knew there was confusion out there about this, but I didnt realize just how much (even on my part it would seem). Heres one possible source of clarification: http://www.speedguide.net/Cable_modems/bandwidth.shtml and another: http://www.scotsnewsletter.com/best_of/dtrct.htm (not this Scott's newsletter by the way - I just happened across it doing a yahoo search on the matter) The consensus seems to be that there should be made a distinction between a binary Kilo (with a capital K) and a decimal kilo (with a lower-case k). This, I think, was already well-established and agreed to but it sure is easy to get sloppy with that capitalization and terminology. kbit = 1,000 bits (decimal 10^3) kByte = 1,000 bytes (decimal 10^3) Kbit = 1,024 bits (binary 2^10) KByte = 1,024 bytes (binary 2^10) As I understand it, most modern hard drives are now rated in decimal format (Im pretty sure it used to be binary, but Ive read in several different places that the industry migrated to decimal sometime back -- probably as a marketing gimmick). That is, 1 kByte (or even KByte in this special case) of storage actually equals 1,000 Bytes or 8,000 bits instead of 1,024 Bytes or 8,192 bits. Memory is apparently still rated in binary Kilo bits/Bytes. That is, 1 KB of memory is 1,024 Bytes or 8,192 bits. All WAN connections always have been and still are rated in decimal format. That is, 1 kbps equals 1,000 bits/sec and 1 kB equals 1,000 Bytes (or 8,000 bits)/sec. I'm not aware of throughput ever having been expressed in binary Kbits or KBytes (at least not in the telecom world). Maybe computer geeks did that, but it only served to confuse the matter more if they did. If a download test were to return results in true binary KBytes/sec, you would first have to multiply that number of KBytes by 1,024 and then multiply by 8 to get the true decimal number of bits/sec. Perhaps tests some do. Perhaps some dont. Probably its a mess of a mix that resulted from all this confusion. Software weenies still seem to deal with binary Kilo, regardless of whether its bits or Bytes. But Im not one of them, so I cant make this last statement definitively. Sheesh. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65211t=65211 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: slow wan connection [7:65165]
By looking at your partial config and the NAT pool names these look like Internet connections. If that is the case how is this a multiple connection to a single network?? Dave Terry Oldham wrote: Hello All, I recently posted to the newsgroup about configuring a mulitple T1 connection to a single network. I have since then got the configuration up and running however the connection out to the net is very slow. I cannot seem to figure out why. Here is the basics of the config: Fasteth0ip address 172.16.100.2 ip nat inside Serial0 ip address 144.x.x.x ip nat outside Serial1ip address 65.x.x.x ip nat outside ip nat pool Qwest 65.120.161.167 65.120.161.190 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat pool Sprint 65.160.124.199 65.160.124.222 netmask 255.255.255.224 ip nat inside source route-map Qwest1 pool overload ip nat inside source route-map Sprint1 pool overload ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.5 65.120.161.162 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.5 65.160.124.194 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.6 65.120.161.163 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.6 65.160.124.195 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.7 65.120.161.164 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.7 65.160.124.196 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.8 65.120.161.165 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.8 65.160.124.197 ip nat inside source static 172.16.100.9 65.120.161.166 ip nat inside source static 172.16.200.9 65.160.124.198 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 65.x.x.x ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 144.x.x.x ip route 65.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial1 ip route 144.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Serial0 ip route 172.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 FastEthernet0 ip http server ! ! access-list 10 permit 172.16.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 10 permit 172.16.200.0 0.0.0.255 The Serial interfaces are not showing any kind of problems and packets are going out of each of them. Thanks in advance -- David Madland CCIE# 2016 Sr. Network Engineer Qwest Communications 612-664-3367 I would rather have a German division in front of me than a French one behind me. --- General George S. Patton Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65205t=65165 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: 9E0-541 Exam trobules [7:65162]
I am in no way picking on you in particular in this email, but this brings up a point that has been discussed previously at Groupstudy. A big problem with all this certification insanity and brainwashing is that people can keep taking and re-taking the exams until they pass. So, people end up not really knowing the technologies, just how to memorize numerous questions or topics that may be covered on the exams. It's to the point where I don't even put CCNP, CCDP, etc. after my name anymore because it really doesn't prove anything. For all anyone knows, I may have never touched a router or designed a network in my life. I may have just taken the exams 10 times each until I passed. You're best off taking the time to really learn the materials so that when you take the exam, you're not doing it on a wing and a prayer. You'll not only save yourself some money, but you can feel that you really deserve to pass and be able to apply this knowledge to actual situations. Just my opinion, Shawn K. -Original Message- From: Skarphedinsson Arni V. [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 9:50 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: 9E0-541 Exam trobules [7:65162] Damm routing and switching Spec. exam 9E0-541, I have taken It two times in two weeks, and failed both times the first time I got 819 need 825, today I got 777, I am s pissed, at myself for the mostpart but this exam is rather hard, atleast the version I got to day, the one I got last week was ok, but I just did not know anything about the SOHO products, so that failed me, but today totaly diffrent, anyone here that has passed this exam ? I have CCNA/DA CCNP/DP and passed all of them in the first try. are the specilazition exams this much harder ??? well, just letting of some steem, I guess I wait for two weeks now and the try It again... Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65210t=65162 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: to the moderator [7:65037]
If you're referring to Clifford, I regret to say (on Howard's behalf in case he doesn't see this post) that he passed away a few months ago. He now has three new cats named Mr. Clark, Rhonda, and either Misha or Ding. I never did figure out whether it was one or the other. And all of them, especially Clifford, deserve honorable mention! Logan, Harold 3/12/03 1:46:49 PM You forgot to thank a very important contributor to the list. On behalf of us all, I would also like to thank Howard's cat. =) -Original Message- From: Robert Edmonds [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, March 11, 2003 10:28 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: to the moderator [7:65037] Well, I would like to take this opportunity to thank Paul then. I have learned a lot just reading the interesting posts here. In fact, I keep a document of any particularly good tips for future reference. I would also like to thank a couple of the most active folks here, like Larry and Priscilla for sharing their obvious experience. This free site helps make my (and I'm quite sure, other folks') job a lot easier. Robert John Neiberger wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] just wondering who is the moderator here? yesterday i could send messages ok, now, i can't, can u tell what you changed? and if so the reasons that made you do so? Paul, the list owner and operator, was working on a problem with the GroupStudy email system most of yesterday. It appears that it has been fixed. To answer your first question, there are actually several participants that act as moderators but we don't have any control over the actual operation of the system. Paul is the owner/operator and is also who we should thank for GroupStudy even being in existence. I mention that because he doesn't get nearly the credit he deserves for the amount of work he puts into a FREE site. :-) Regards, John One of several possible moderators Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65212t=65037 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Workbook homelab ? [7:65161]
Hi, I have not passed the Lab yet. My date is in June. Below is a home lab that I have assembled. It all depends on how much you can afford to spend. With this equipment I can do the CCbootcamp, IPexpert, Hello and Routopia labs at home. The only thing is that for ATM I will have to rent rack time. I have all four workbooks. When I bought the IPexpert workbook they provided four free 6.5 hour sessions of rack time. I've went through each workbook and website to obtain the rack specifications. Then I drew a diagram for each workbook and with the equipment I have I can cable up my rack once at the start of each workbook and perform all the required labs. With the exception of the 2-2501's and the 2924 switch which I borrowed from a friend, every other item listed was bought off Ebay. Routers,switches,modules,ISDN, cables etc. You have to be dilligent and shop for the best price. I never had a single problem with the Ebay auctions. All equipment arrived in a 100% working condition. Total spent on Ebay was close to 7 grand. Excellent price for all this equipment. Again, I am fortunate to be able to afford this, barely. My credit cards are maxed out and for my last purchase (the 2 3550 switches)I had to take a loan out. Best of luck. Danny Cisco 2610 - Terminal Server 2033 - r1 (2610) - 1 -NM-2V / 1 2FXS / 1 2FXO / 2 FE / 2S 2034 - r2 (4000) - 1E / 2S / 2T 2035 - r3 (4000) - 10S 2036 - r4 (2610) -1 NM-2V / 1 2FXS / BRI / 1E / 1S 2037 - r5 (2610) - 4 BRI / 2S / 1E 2038 - r6 (2610) - 1E / 5S / 1 BRI 2039 - r7 (2524) - BRI / E / 2S 2040 - r8 (2514) - 2E / 2S 2041 - r9 (2514) - 2E / 2S 2042 - r10 (2501) - 1E / 2S 2043 - r11 (2501) - 1E / 2S 2044 - sw1 (2901) 2045 - sw2 (2924) 2047 - sw3 (3550A) - 24 / 2 GBIC 2048 - sw4 (3550B) - 24 / 2 GBIC 1 - Teltone ISDN Demonstrator 2 - Analog phones Various cables (DCE-DTE),Cat 5 straight, Cat 5 xover Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65196t=65161 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: 10 half or 100 full [7:64931]
that happens to me all the time..we hard set the switches to 100/full, the server guys bring up the ports in auto, we get the issue you got...usually on sun's...In most places we run auto/auto. Larry Letterman Network Engineer Cisco Systems - Original Message - From: John Neiberger To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 8:02 AM Subject: Re: 10 half or 100 full [7:64931] Interestingly, just now I fixed a problem with a Sun Netra server that was set to autonegotiate. It was connected to a 6500 that was hard-set to 100/Full. Since manually setting the speed on a 6500 disables participation in autonegotiation, the server was choosing 100/Half instead of 100/Full. Setting both sides to auto fixed the problem and I'm no longer seeing errors on the switch. John Sam Sneed wrote: I see interesting, most of my sun servers are over 2 years old. You say newer cisco switches should be set to auto first then manual if you have problems. Do you mean newer as in version of IOS, OS or newer physical hardware? John Neiberger wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] We have quite a mix of NT/Novell/Sun servers. As for the Sun servers, over half are set to auto. With those, we've only changed the settings when we had an issue. With the Intel-based servers and workstations we've moved most of them to auto. We've had a few machines with older NICs where auto just wasn't working right, but if your NICs are relatively new and you have updated drivers you shouldn't have a problem, at least with autonegotiation. We've had other issues, primarily with 3COM NICs on Dell workstations, but those have been resolved. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65203t=64931 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Putting my rack online [7:65214]
Hi, all, Does anyone have a template or configuration I can use to put my rack online? At this point, this is for me and my colleagues personnally, not looking at selling time on it anytime soon. I figured I would ask the group for a design or template and see if I can avoid reinventing the wheel. Basically, I'd like to set up a Linux box with friendly web page for scheduling, turn teh rack on and off (apc9211 power switch), and other features. The users would schedule their time, which configures the console router to open up the access list for their account, and from there, straight sessions to each router. I am not asking for much, am I? TIA, Charles Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65214t=65214 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Layer 3 Switches Vs Routers [7:65215]
Hi ... We have switches that operate at Layer 3..right.. My Question is when we have Routers that are good enough why do we need switches at layer3? Under what circumtances do we use switches instead of routers? Hope I made Myself Clear...Thanks in Advance!!! Regards... Nanda Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65215t=65215 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Syslog server [7:65217]
I am looking for a good free ware PIX / CISCO syslog server. Any recommendations??? Tariq Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65217t=65217 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Question on Traffic on the internet [7:65148]
At 1:18 PM + 3/12/03, Han Chuan Alex Ang wrote: I am wondering about this question, if my vendor told me that their server are resided locally and I assumed that traffic out through my ATM with 2Mb local and 256Kb International will off course travelled through the 2Mb local leased line nad considered local traffic, I check the IP assign from Arin whois and found that it was indeed locally assign, however, when I did a tracert or pathping in Win2K, I found out that it actually route through a router with ip which is assign in the US from Arin whois then to the vendor server, does it mean traffic is actually travelling through the international pipe from my ATM or consider local, My question is how will ISP determine your traffic whether it is local or international traffic , is it base on the Destination IP or base on the Router IP it is directed to. hope someone is able to understand my question and shed some light. thanks ISPs actually consider many more factors than these. From the simplest possible perspective, the decision is made on destination address. Put strightforwardly, the operational practice and design is the global Internet means that you will get optimal routing (defined for each case) only when you do special negotiations for it, and there is a financial motivation for EVERY ISP in the path to cooperate in such routing. You have somewhat greater control to the ISPs to which you are directly connected, but this still will be dominated by business considerations that are then mapped into technical design. Very different, unfortunately, than Cisco certification labs. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65208t=65148 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: to the moderator [7:65037]
You forgot to thank a very important contributor to the list. On behalf of us all, I would also like to thank Howard's cat. =) -Original Message- From: Robert Edmonds [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, March 11, 2003 10:28 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: to the moderator [7:65037] Well, I would like to take this opportunity to thank Paul then. I have learned a lot just reading the interesting posts here. In fact, I keep a document of any particularly good tips for future reference. I would also like to thank a couple of the most active folks here, like Larry and Priscilla for sharing their obvious experience. This free site helps make my (and I'm quite sure, other folks') job a lot easier. Robert John Neiberger wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] just wondering who is the moderator here? yesterday i could send messages ok, now, i can't, can u tell what you changed? and if so the reasons that made you do so? Paul, the list owner and operator, was working on a problem with the GroupStudy email system most of yesterday. It appears that it has been fixed. To answer your first question, there are actually several participants that act as moderators but we don't have any control over the actual operation of the system. Paul is the owner/operator and is also who we should thank for GroupStudy even being in existence. I mention that because he doesn't get nearly the credit he deserves for the amount of work he puts into a FREE site. :-) Regards, John One of several possible moderators Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65201t=65037 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Using SNMP with AS5300! [7:65222]
I have an AS5300 with 8 PRI's(E1's) and want to use SNMP to monitor traffic passing thru each E1 thru each channel of a single E1. How can I do that using SNMP?? I need specific commands/pdf's/command reference guide if avialable! pls help! Thanx! Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65222t=65222 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: ATM for Practice Lab [7:65087]
Hi, Just yesterday I was wondering the same thing. I checked into getting ATM for my home lab and the cheapest I came up with was $1,500.00 for all needed equipment. Check Horizondatacom.com - Cisco Lightstream 100 - $495.00 They have 2 available. Check Ebay - 2 4500M (165.00 each). One seller has six of these for sale. No modules, however 16/16 with 12.0 IOS. Do the following search from the Ebay main page - cisco 4500m. This auction will end in 19 hours from now (time now is 3:30 pm EST) Check Ebay - 1 seller has a np-1a-sm for an unbelievable $200.00 and another seller has a np-1a-sm for $425.00. Do the following search from the Ebay main page - cisco np-1a-sm. The first guy's auction ends 3/13. It depends on how your finances are. I mulled over whether to buy but decided to use an online rack rental for ATM. Best of luck. Danny Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65209t=65087 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Syslog server [7:65217]
You might want to give Kiwi Syslog a spin. It's free. http://www.kiwisyslog.com/ Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65223t=65217 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: is 10baseT dead? [7:65077]
What about htis. The server tries to dump data to the client over the 10M pipe. The client cannot accept it as fast as the server can put out. Having a slower line to the client in effect will cause degradation at the server. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 11:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: is 10baseT dead? [7:65077] Scott, I think you have a great point, it seems that most of the computer technologies we have today are not taken full advantage of. However instead of taking the air out the sale's staff sales as it were ( no pun intended ). Why not suggest upgrade from the Idf's to the server farm. You could suggest Ether Channel to combine some of the runs you have put in ( I'm sure ) when you are upgrading your networks. This way you have more bandwidth to the server farm and fault tolerance. WOW now that's a selling point. Also it can be done with out raising up the costs on hardware to much. You can get duel interface NIC's for your servers that are fairly reasonable now. I am amazed at the push for processor speed now, I can think if very few people that NEED 3Ghz with 2Gb of RAM. However no one NEEDS a Jaguar eigther, some people just want it and if they can afford it so be it. Look at the situation this way at least if your going for over kill the network will perform well, that is better than underselling and then having your clients be upset because they are limited in the future. But hay that's just my 2 cents. Take it with a grain of salt. = ) Steven Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65198t=65077 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Question on Traffic on the internet [7:65148]
At 1:18 PM + 3/12/03, Han Chuan Alex Ang wrote: I am wondering about this question, if my vendor told me that their server are resided locally and I assumed that traffic out through my ATM with 2Mb local and 256Kb International will off course travelled through the 2Mb local leased line nad considered local traffic, I check the IP assign from Arin whois and found that it was indeed locally assign, however, when I did a tracert or pathping in Win2K, I found out that it actually route through a router with ip which is assign in the US from Arin whois then to the vendor server, does it mean traffic is actually travelling through the international pipe from my ATM or consider local, My question is how will ISP determine your traffic whether it is local or international traffic , is it base on the Destination IP or base on the Router IP it is directed to. hope someone is able to understand my question and shed some light. thanks ISPs actually consider many more factors than these. From the simplest possible perspective, the decision is made on destination address. Put strightforwardly, the operational practice and design is the global Internet means that you will get optimal routing (defined for each case) only when you do special negotiations for it, and there is a financial motivation for EVERY ISP in the path to cooperate in such routing. You have somewhat greater control to the ISPs to which you are directly connected, but this still will be dominated by business considerations that are then mapped into technical design. Very different, unfortunately, than Cisco certification labs. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65213t=65148 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: to the moderator [7:65037]
At 9:05 PM + 3/12/03, John Neiberger wrote: If you're referring to Clifford, I regret to say (on Howard's behalf in case he doesn't see this post) that he passed away a few months ago. Still deeply with us in spirit. He now has three new cats named Mr. Clark, Rhonda, and either Misha or Ding. I never did figure out whether it was one or the other. Thanks, John. The latter wound up as Ding, as in Tom Clancy's Mr. Clark's protege. Ding usually follows the Big Guy. Mr. Clark, enormous former tomcat that he is, happily agrees that the kittens no longer need to nurse on him -- producing the most martyred expression I have ever seen on a cat. He will still allow the adolescents to ride horsey on him, and cheerfully washes their faces -- as well as mine. And all of them, especially Clifford, deserve honorable mention! Logan, Harold 3/12/03 1:46:49 PM You forgot to thank a very important contributor to the list. On behalf of us all, I would also like to thank Howard's cat. =) -Original Message- From: Robert Edmonds [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, March 11, 2003 10:28 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: to the moderator [7:65037] Well, I would like to take this opportunity to thank Paul then. I have learned a lot just reading the interesting posts here. In fact, I keep a document of any particularly good tips for future reference. I would also like to thank a couple of the most active folks here, like Larry and Priscilla for sharing their obvious experience. This free site helps make my (and I'm quite sure, other folks') job a lot easier. Robert John Neiberger wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] just wondering who is the moderator here? yesterday i could send messages ok, now, i can't, can u tell what you changed? and if so the reasons that made you do so? Paul, the list owner and operator, was working on a problem with the GroupStudy email system most of yesterday. It appears that it has been fixed. To answer your first question, there are actually several participants that act as moderators but we don't have any control over the actual operation of the system. Paul is the owner/operator and is also who we should thank for GroupStudy even being in existence. I mention that because he doesn't get nearly the credit he deserves for the amount of work he puts into a FREE site. :-) Regards, John One of several possible moderators Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65227t=65037 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: kbit vs. Kbit kByte vs. KByte (was BW Calc) [7:65211]
Here's a perfectly illustrative example of how common it is to jumble all this terminology up... I often use a download test site at PC Pitstop: http://www.pcpitstop.com/internet/Bandwidth.asp I ran a quick download test that transferred a 500 KB block of text to my machine. It took 2.744 seconds to complete. Thus, the result was returned as 1458 Kb/s. Here's the math: (assuming decimal) 500 * 1000 * 8 = 4,000,000 bits / 2.77 seconds = ~1,458,000 bits/sec = ~1458 decimal kbits/sec or ~1423 binary Kbits/sec Now... (assuming binary) 500 * 1024 * 8 = 4,096,000 bits / 2.77 seconds = ~1,478,000 bits/sec = ~1478 decimal kbits/sec or ~1443 binary Kbits/sec So, in spite of the fact that they are using the binary upper-case K throughout, they are obviously meaning the decimal lower-case k, which makes sense given that throughput is expressed that way. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65220t=65211 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Syslog server [7:65217]
KIWI From: Tariq Reply-To: Tariq To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Syslog server [7:65217] Date: Wed, 12 Mar 2003 22:09:12 GMT I am looking for a good free ware PIX / CISCO syslog server. Any recommendations??? Tariq _ Help STOP SPAM with the new MSN 8 and get 2 months FREE* http://join.msn.com/?page=features/junkmail Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65229t=65217 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Question on Traffic on the internet [7:65148]
Han Chuan Alex Ang wrote: I am wondering about this question, if my vendor told me that their server are resided locally and I assumed that traffic out through my ATM with 2Mb local and 256Kb International will off course travelled through the 2Mb local leased line nad considered local traffic, I check the IP assign from Arin whois and found that it was indeed locally assign, however, when I did a tracert or pathping in Win2K, I found out that it actually route through a router with ip which is assign in the US from Arin whois then to the vendor server, does it mean traffic is actually travelling through the international pipe from my ATM or consider local, My question is how will ISP determine your traffic whether it is local or international traffic , is it base on the Destination IP or base on the Router IP it is directed to. hope someone is able to understand my question and shed some light. thanks Traffic isn't directed to a router IP. IP addresses are end-to-end (putting aside things like NAT and tunneling.) ISPs look at destination IP addresses and routing tables to determine how to route. (The reason you see router IP addresses with traceroute is because of the way traceroute works, depending on router's to send back an ICMP TTL Exceeded message.) In the U.S., we see stuff like this a lot. I could traceroute a server I know is a few miles down the road and the packets might go all over the U.S. before ending up down the road. Priscilla Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65219t=65148 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: is 10baseT dead? [7:65077]
DeVoe, Charles (PKI) wrote: What about htis. Rearrange those letters once more and it will apply. Just kidding! Seriously, your comment doesn't make sense. A 10-Mbps NIC must be able to accept 10 megabits worth of bits in a second unless it's broken. Are you trying to get at the situation where the server sends at 100 Mbps and the client is at 10 Mbps? Think about what is between them, i.e. a store-and-forward switch. The switch to the client will only send at 10 Mbps. Priscilla The server tries to dump data to the client over the 10M pipe. The client cannot accept it as fast as the server can put out. Having a slower line to the client in effect will cause degradation at the server. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 11:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: is 10baseT dead? [7:65077] Scott, I think you have a great point, it seems that most of the computer technologies we have today are not taken full advantage of. However instead of taking the air out the sale's staff sales as it were ( no pun intended ). Why not suggest upgrade from the Idf's to the server farm. You could suggest Ether Channel to combine some of the runs you have put in ( I'm sure ) when you are upgrading your networks. This way you have more bandwidth to the server farm and fault tolerance. WOW now that's a selling point. Also it can be done with out raising up the costs on hardware to much. You can get duel interface NIC's for your servers that are fairly reasonable now. I am amazed at the push for processor speed now, I can think if very few people that NEED 3Ghz with 2Gb of RAM. However no one NEEDS a Jaguar eigther, some people just want it and if they can afford it so be it. Look at the situation this way at least if your going for over kill the network will perform well, that is better than underselling and then having your clients be upset because they are limited in the future. But hay that's just my 2 cents. Take it with a grain of salt. = ) Steven Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65224t=65077 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: ICMP Messages [7:65169]
DeVoe, Charles (PKI) wrote: I have been looking at the transcender exams to get a final brush up for the CCNA exam. In those exams there are questions about the routers response to things like trace and ping. I believe they are referring to ICMP messages. Yes, they are referring to ICMP messages. The ICMP RFC is 792. The response types they mention are things like the responses they use are !H, N, P, and U. Cisco's traceroute gives more precise results than ping, including: H - host unreachable N - network unreachable P - protocol unreachable U - port unreachable Those are all subcategories of the generic ICMP destination unreachable message. Cisco's ping just gives back without the detailed reason: U - destination unreachable Both of them have a few other possible results. ! means success, of course, for both of them. I've never seen these before and was wondering where I could find the list of responses in this format. Search on ICMP, ping, and traceroute on Cisco's site. Cisco has an excellent paper called Understanding the Ping and Traceroute Commands. Be sure to spell out traceroute in your search string. This is also covered in Troubleshooting Campus Networks. :-) It should be in most CCNA books too!? ___ Priscilla Oppenheimer www.troubleshootingnetworks.com www.priscilla.com Thanks Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65218t=65169 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
windows syslog server [7:65232]
I am looking for a good free ware PIX / CISCO syslog server on windows platform. Any recommendations??? Tariq Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65232t=65232 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: 9E0-541 Exam trobules [7:65162]
I totaly agree with you about the point of pepole just learning what is enough to pass the tests, and take them again and again just to pass them, As I come from a microsoft background and am a former Microsoft MCT traineer I know this all to well, as it is a even bigger problem on that side. I work in a cisco enviroment all day, but as I am from a small contry with a small market, there are some products that I don´t see a lot off, so I can be hard to get real word exerpince with the whole range of cisco products. This routing and switching exam is in my opinion totaly difrent from the other cisco exams I have taken, as the questions are very short and to the point about some detail, and I would say 50% configuring and functonality of IOS features and 50% product knowlidge, and I.M.H.O some of the product question can be preati obscure. I was looking for comments frome somone that has taken this exam, as to what they used to prepair, you can be asured that I am going to be well prepaired the next time I take the exam, and I will probably better get to know some of the products I dont work with on an regular basis. Well good luck to me one the next atempt, that is going to be the last one, as I am not faling againg ;) Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65216t=65162 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Syslog server [7:65217]
Another good utility is Swatch. -Original Message- From: Tariq [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 5:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Syslog server [7:65217] I am looking for a good free ware PIX / CISCO syslog server. Any recommendations??? Tariq Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65231t=65217 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: What is a distributed/collapsed backbone? [7:65225]
According to CID lingo a collapsed backbone is a single router or switch acting as a backbone in a campus design model. It contrasts with a distributed backbone where routers or switches are spread out among floors or buildings, all connected together via something like FDDI. (Yes, CID still has FDDI in it!) Maybe that picture you are looking at is an error. Good luck with CID. It's a fun one! :-) Priscilla Marc Thach Xuan Ky wrote: Hi all, I thought I'd do 640-025 CID before it disappears, so I started reading the Ciscopress book, CID exam certification guide. Now in chapter 2, section Issues facing campus LAN designers (I'm using Safari books online so I don't know the page number) it shows figs 2.4 and 2.5 distributed and collapsed backbones respectively. The distributed backbone shows per floor, one router and one switch, the collapsed backbone shows a single router for the building fanning out to one switch per floor. Fair enough I guess, but the scenario 1, Q2 in the same chapter asks what backbone to use in a particular case and then answers it with distributed backbone and a picture fig 2.8 that looks rather like the collapsed backbone shown earlier. I obviously have to learn Ciscospeak for the exam so can anybody tell me, which is it? rgds Marc Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65226t=65225 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CCNA Exam - number of subnet question [7:65234]
Hello, When you are asked for the number of subnets in the exam CCNA 640-607: ie. 150.10.10.10 255.255.255.252.0 - subnet bits = 6 - supported subnets: 2^6 or 2^6-2 ?? In other words: if noting is mentioned in the question, do I have to count zero-subnet and broadcast subnet as valid ? or invalid ? when nothing is mentioned. Geert Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65234t=65234 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Syslog server [7:65217]
Any Linux or BSD box. I prefer OpenBSD for this task, then after monitoring the logs manually for a few days and becoming familiar with what is normal and what is not I setup fwlogwatch http://cert.uni-stuttgart.de/projects/fwlogwatch/ And with this software you can tell it what to look for in the logs and have it email you with suspect intrusions or what ever you tell it to look for very nice. -Original Message- From: Tariq [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 5:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Syslog server [7:65217] I am looking for a good free ware PIX / CISCO syslog server. Any recommendations??? Tariq Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65228t=65217 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Internet phone, is it possible? [7:65123]
The Long and Winding Road wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] supernet wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] A friend of mine wants to establish a business that use internet to make phone calls. He wants to set up PSTN gateways in some countries and sell IP phones to high speed customers so customers can talk to each other free of charge and they can call PSTN for a fee. I think net2phone.com has the same thing. Anyone remember Blue Kangaroo? Risky business model. Capital intense. High customer support costs. Businesses can get long distance nationwide at less than 3 cents a minute these days. I gotta wonder if there really is enough demand to make this a profitable business, given the thin margins. Yeah, but that's 3 cents a minute for calls in the US. International tariffs are significantly more expensive and hence offer more opportunities for arbitrage. ( Looking at low balance in bank account ) Obviously I know something about making money.. :-Anyway, He has some questions that I couldn't answer. I appreciate if someone can help me: 1. Should he use SIP or CCM? 2. Is round trip delay 200-300 msec acceptable? Thanks. Yoshi Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65237t=65123 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: 5-4-3 rule [7:65140]
Tiongster wrote: Hi to all pros, I would like to ask a very simple which is also very confusing. If I connected three hubs together have I break a 5-4-3 rule? No, 3 hubs connected together does not break the 5-4-3 rule. But I don't think I have break the 5-4-3 rule because I believe the wiring of the hub is a bus circuit which is a segment The 5-4-3 rule already takes into account that repeaters (hubs) introduce some delay. You don't have to consider their bus architecture, or if they even have a bus architecture. The rule includes soem default amount of delay for the repeaters (hubs). and with three hubs connected together it consist of three segments. Four segments, actually, but that's OK. PC---HUB---HUB---HUB---PC Each --- represents a segment. I hope someone will correct me if I'm wrong as I have been debating with my peers for past few days. My peers insisted four hubs connected is the correct one which is the maximum network of the 5-4-3 rule. Aren't four hubs consist of four segments which have broke the 5-4-3 rule? Four hubs is still OK too. PC---HUB---HUB---HUB---HUB---PC The 5-4-3 topology is just one possibility. Other topologies are possible as long as round-trip delay doesn't exceed the time to send the minimum-sized frame (512 bits). Priscilla Thanks in advance. Chiam Chin Tiong CCNA ITE Dover student ICQ 153179194 [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of image001.jpg] [GroupStudy removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of image001.jpg] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65235t=65140 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
What is a distributed/collapsed backbone? [7:65225]
Hi all, I thought I'd do 640-025 CID before it disappears, so I started reading the Ciscopress book, CID exam certification guide. Now in chapter 2, section Issues facing campus LAN designers (I'm using Safari books online so I don't know the page number) it shows figs 2.4 and 2.5 distributed and collapsed backbones respectively. The distributed backbone shows per floor, one router and one switch, the collapsed backbone shows a single router for the building fanning out to one switch per floor. Fair enough I guess, but the scenario 1, Q2 in the same chapter asks what backbone to use in a particular case and then answers it with distributed backbone and a picture fig 2.8 that looks rather like the collapsed backbone shown earlier. I obviously have to learn Ciscospeak for the exam so can anybody tell me, which is it? rgds Marc Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65225t=65225 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Layer 3 Switches Vs Routers [7:65215]
In the enterprise, I can vlan a building into seperate lans, route between them and connect all the users with the same box..Thats one reason for layer 3 switches.. With the inclusion of the switching module in the 3745 router box, it now kinda blurs the difference between routers and switches.. That box now can be a router for lan, wan, voice and a L2/L3 switch for a small office. Larry Letterman Network Engineer Cisco Systems - Original Message - From: nanda To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 1:31 PM Subject: Layer 3 Switches Vs Routers [7:65215] Hi ... We have switches that operate at Layer 3..right.. My Question is when we have Routers that are good enough why do we need switches at layer3? Under what circumtances do we use switches instead of routers? Hope I made Myself Clear...Thanks in Advance!!! Regards... Nanda Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65238t=65215 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Layer 3 Switches Vs Routers [7:65215]
Without consulting any documentation, a couple of reasons I could think of is forwarding rate and the switch-fabric (or the size of the backplane, usually in Gbps). A full-fledged Layer-3 switch running at wire-speed would be much more efficient in routing (and switching) between VLANs compared to a router. Another point of comparison is port density. You can only have such and such number of ethernet, fastethernet, or maybe even gigabit ethernet ports on a router before the cost becomes quite prohibitive. Oh sure, you can use the router-on-a-stick method. And though it is a good Cisco IOS feature, it was meant to be an interim solution when transitioning from a flat to a segmented network. Anyway, if you only have a relatively small network, say 2 VLANs, you can opt for the router-on-a-stick method. Or better yet, use a router with dual ethernets or fastethernets. However, if you're supporting 4,5, or more networks, that's what L-3 and multi-layer switches are for. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65221t=65215 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: What is a distributed/collapsed backbone? [7:65225]
At 11:09 PM + 3/12/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: According to CID lingo a collapsed backbone is a single router or switch acting as a backbone in a campus design model. It contrasts with a distributed backbone where routers or switches are spread out among floors or buildings, all connected together via something like FDDI. (Yes, CID still has FDDI in it!) But in a medical context, a collapsed backbone calls for careful immobilization, followed by the ministrations of orthopedic and neurological surgeons. Medical science, however, can only call for the hearse when the backbone gets distributed. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65240t=65225 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Off-topic: VPN possible? [7:65239]
Hi All, I have one remote location that need connecting to HQ. The internet service provider can provide me a broadband line to access internet but only with 1 fixed IP. My target is provide connectivity between remote site and HQ with security. Can I add a FW/VPN box behind the router like the following? remote LAN---FW/VPN---Router--Internet--HQ router---FW/VPN box--Server My concern is that the remote site router will NAT-enable so the FW/VPN behind it will have private address as well. I heard that there are some issue on IPSec VPN behind the NAT-enable router. Is it ture? Also, if no FW/VPN box installed in remote-site, any security concern? FR or leased line of course is alternative approach but it is expensive and slower in speed. Thanks in advance. rgds, Lo Ching Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65239t=65239 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: CCNA Exam - number of subnet question [7:65234]
I think it depends on the question. I've found that most exams will give a little hint, either the answer doesn't support both choices or the question will have some comment of suitability of subnets. if I had to choose though, I'd choose 2^6-2, since it wasn't till 12.0 that the ip-subnet zero was made default and the tests were written prior to that. scott Geert Nijs wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello, When you are asked for the number of subnets in the exam CCNA 640-607: ie. 150.10.10.10 255.255.255.252.0 - subnet bits = 6 - supported subnets: 2^6 or 2^6-2 ?? In other words: if noting is mentioned in the question, do I have to count zero-subnet and broadcast subnet as valid ? or invalid ? when nothing is mentioned. Geert Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65241t=65234 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Bootstrap protocol in Multicast [7:65243]
Hi group, In Bootstrap protocol, does the PIM router selects the RP with the higest or lowest IP address (assuming everything else is the same) from the RP-set list obtained in the RP-discovery message?? I was reading Jeff Doyle's Routing TCP/IP Vol 2 and pages 491 (first bullet point) and 564 (last second para) seems to contradict. I have done some testing and it seems to be the lower IP address. Auto-RP seems to be the opposite. Appreciate any response. Thanks David Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65243t=65243 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: 9E0-541 Exam trobules [7:65162]
Take a deep breath and relax Arni. They are just more tests, don't let them get the better of you. Will Gragido CISSP CCNP CIPTSS CCDA MCP 9450 W. Bryn Mawr Ave. Suite 325 Rosemont, Il 60018 www.ins.com [EMAIL PROTECTED] -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 12, 2003 8:50 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: 9E0-541 Exam trobules [7:65162] Damm routing and switching Spec. exam 9E0-541, I have taken It two times in two weeks, and failed both times the first time I got 819 need 825, today I got 777, I am s pissed, at myself for the mostpart but this exam is rather hard, atleast the version I got to day, the one I got last week was ok, but I just did not know anything about the SOHO products, so that failed me, but today totaly diffrent, anyone here that has passed this exam ? I have CCNA/DA CCNP/DP and passed all of them in the first try. are the specilazition exams this much harder ??? well, just letting of some steem, I guess I wait for two weeks now and the try It again... Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65199t=65162 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Help with Memory [7:65192]
Hello, Could someone please reply back. I am not even sure if people are seeing this message. I know that this has been discussed before. I am just trying to get a know how as to what is the correct memory used. Please let me know if there is something wrong with the question I have asked but someone please reply. Thanks Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65244t=65192 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
MII media-type connector for 72xx routers? [7:65246]
Hi Everyone, I have a 7206 with a built-in FastEthernet interface which is an MII media-type connector. What type of cable and connector do I need to convert it to a regular RJ45 connection? Thank you all, Xy Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65246t=65246 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
PIX and certificates [7:65245]
Hi, I am getting nuts on this, is there any specific steps for configuring the Microsoft CA Server for working with the IOS and PIX ? Or do I follow the defaults ? Is there any doc where I can see this explained ? The conf on pix and ios side is simple but I don't now if the CA Server is configured correctly. Where can I find the updated cepsetup.exe, I already tried in Microsoft's site but nothing. Thanks in advance, Bruno Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65245t=65245 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Layer 3 Switches Vs Routers [7:65215]
a layer three switch is a router, just as a switch is really a bridge. a layer 3 switch 'routes' in hardware, while a router routes in software. thats the easiest way to look at them. it has gaps, but once you get the big picture you can then start to talk about the specifics. probably the biggest thing that a layer 3 switch can't do (unless its changed recently) is route anything but IP. while designing the hardware routing circuits for a L3-switch they had to compromise and IP being the most popular won out. thats not to say that one day they won't have made enough chipsets to route every other kind of protocol also. I suppose since we saw the death of bridges due to switches, we'll also see the death of routers to L3-switch. scott nanda wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi ... We have switches that operate at Layer 3..right.. My Question is when we have Routers that are good enough why do we need switches at layer3? Under what circumtances do we use switches instead of routers? Hope I made Myself Clear...Thanks in Advance!!! Regards... Nanda Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65242t=65215 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: kbit vs. Kbit kByte vs. KByte (was BW Calc) [7:65211]
This is all very well but sometimes when people write 500 they really mean 512, so where does that leave you ?8-) Marc s vermill wrote: Here's a perfectly illustrative example of how common it is to jumble all this terminology up... I often use a download test site at PC Pitstop: http://www.pcpitstop.com/internet/Bandwidth.asp I ran a quick download test that transferred a 500 KB block of text to my machine. It took 2.744 seconds to complete. Thus, the result was returned as 1458 Kb/s. Here's the math: (assuming decimal) 500 * 1000 * 8 = 4,000,000 bits / 2.77 seconds = ~1,458,000 bits/sec = ~1458 decimal kbits/sec or ~1423 binary Kbits/sec Now... (assuming binary) 500 * 1024 * 8 = 4,096,000 bits / 2.77 seconds = ~1,478,000 bits/sec = ~1478 decimal kbits/sec or ~1443 binary Kbits/sec So, in spite of the fact that they are using the binary upper-case K throughout, they are obviously meaning the decimal lower-case k, which makes sense given that throughput is expressed that way. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65236t=65211 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Load Balancing and NAT [7:64904]
Interesting. I am looking at doing the same thing after my Sprint circuit was down three times in three business days for ~4 hours each time. Something that makes my situation difficult is I have control of the 1700 on my quest circuit but not the sprint router, it is owned by sprint. So I have to leave the sprint router in place and run its eth0 to an ethernet wic in the 1700 and let it hadle the load balancing. I'm thinking of trying to let the 1700 do NAT as well so the ip blocks of both quest and sprint circuits to appear within the same NAT'ed block inside. The other part of the design I have is a vpn established between the firewall behind the router and a firewall in my co-lo. I'm thinking of trying to establish the vpn with an ip on each isp's block for redundancy there then start settign up all traffic in and out of my site to go through the vpn so I shouldn't have to worry about the different ip blocks. Terry Oldham wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello all, I am attempting to setup a Cisco 1721 Router with load balancing and NAT so that we can provide a dual T1 connection to the network. This is the first time I have done anything like this and I was wanting to know if anyone had any good pointers they could give me or any commands that I should beware of or add. Thanks, Terry O Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65247t=64904 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
3640 ethernet slot card [7:65233]
Hi, Does the 3640 have a card for gig ethernet ? ** visit http://www.solution6.com UK Customers - http://www.solution6.co.uk ** The Solution 6 Head Office and NSW Branch has moved premises. Please make sure you have updated your records with our new details. Level 14, 383 Kent Street, Sydney NSW 2000. General Phone: 61 2 9278 0666 General Fax: 61 2 9278 0555 ** This email message (and attachments) may contain information that is confidential to Solution 6. If you are not the intended recipient you cannot use, distribute or copy the message or attachments. In such a case, please notify the sender by return email immediately and erase all copies of the message and attachments. Opinions, conclusions and other information in this message and attachments that do not relate to the official business of Solution 6 are neither given nor endorsed by it. * Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=65233t=65233 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
