Re: Update or reinstall

[David Wright]

On Wed 28 Jul 2021 at 17:25:09 (-0400), Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> On 2021-07-28 3:16 p.m., Gunnar Gervin wrote:
> > It is a Toshiba 160 gb hd in a 14 years old Macbook i386 ❤️/x86 32 b
> > booting from Bios not uefi. I'll give full report in 1-2 weeks, after
> > put in VM in it, faster internet to it to handle VM.
> > And built websites with it.
> > Geg
> 
> What's the link between installing a VM and the description of your laptop ?
> 
> Also, Macbook in x86 booting from BIOS ?
> 
> Macbook use either UEFI for the Intel ones or OpenBoot for the older ones.
> 
> No such thing as a BIOS on a MacBook.
> 
> Sorry but your message is everything except easy to understand.
> 
> If you are installing Linux in a VM on your laptop then you should also
> describe what type of VM you are using and the specifications. Your
> Friend Linu[s] should have taught you this. Also, he should teach you that
> a faster internet won't make your VM faster.
> 
> Maybe you could either answer a message or include in this one, what
> reason are you writing this ?
> 
> As it may sound obvious for yourself, it's not necessarily for others.
> Plus it's not much of use for someone who'd like into to the archive
> looking for answer.
> 
> If I do get a idea of why you are writing this here, it's not the case
> for other people around.

One might assume from

https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2021/07/msg01033.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2021/07/msg01167.html

that these deal with the same machine, and that Gunnar hasn't quite
mastered the technique of threading, but is keen to add to the
list of tested hardware.

Rather than a back and forth on whether Gunnar's description of the
machine is correct, it might be more productive to suggest running
some simple, definitive commands like:

$ ls /sys/firmware/
acpi  dmi  efi  memmap
$ 

It either includes "efi" (UEFI-booted), or it doesn't (BIOS-booted).

$ uname -a
Linux ajax 4.19.0-17-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.194-3 (2021-07-18) x86_64 
GNU/Linux
$ 

The kernel architecture is given (x86_64 here). The "arch" command is
terser. i686/i586/i486 would indicate an i386 architecture.

$ grep address /proc/cpuinfo 
address sizes   : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
$ 

Anything over 32 indicates 64-bit capability, whether or not
it is being exploited. A 32-bit processor will only yield:

address sizes   : 32 bits physical, 32 bits virtual

> Same apply for your message regarding Pine laptop.
> 
> Because now those two message are like a bottle in the ocean, not linked
> to anything.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Debmirror

[David Wright]

On Sun 25 Jul 2021 at 09:37:14 (-0400), Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> > On Sun, 25 Jul 2021, 04:41 Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> > On 2021-07-24 9:33 p.m., David Wright wrote:
> > > On Sat 24 Jul 2021 at 19:52:36 (-0400), Polyna-Maude 
> > Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> > >> Here are the message I get after my debmirror when I do apt-get 
> > update
> > >>
> > >> Err:31 file:/mnt/mirror/debian buster-updates/main amd64 Contents  
> > (deb)
> > >>   File not found -
> > >> /mnt/mirror/debian/dists/buster-updates/main/Contents-amd64 (2: No 
> > such
> > >> file or directory)
> > >> Reading package lists... Done
> > >> E: Failed to fetch
> > >> file:/mnt/mirror/debian/dists/buster/main/Contents-amd64  File not 
> > found
> > >> - /mnt/mirror/debian/dists/buster/main/Contents-amd64 (2: No such 
> > file
> > >> or directory)
> > >> E: Failed to fetch
> > >> file:/mnt/mirror/debian/dists/buster-updates/main/Contents-amd64 File
> > >> not found - 
> > /mnt/mirror/debian/dists/buster-updates/main/Contents-amd64
> > >> (2: No such file or directory)
> > >>
> > >> The command I used for creating the mirror is
> > >>
> > >> debmirror --all --progress --verbose --method=http
> > >> --dist=buster,buster-updates,buster-backports
> > >> --section=main,contrib,non-free --arch=amd64,i386 --rsync-extra=none
> > >> --source --i18n --keyring 
> > /usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg
> > >> --root=debian --host=debian.mirror.iweb.ca 
> >  /mnt/mirror/debian
> > >>
> > >> Got idea ?
> > >
> > > --getcontents ?
> > >
> > Giving this one a try
> > 
> I'm not sure you have close to a clue what my problem is.
> Because when I simply change my repository to the usual Debian one, I
> can do my apt cache update properly.

and then

On Mon 26 Jul 2021 at 01:12:14 (-0400), Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> >>>
> >>> --getcontents ?
> >>>
> >> Giving this one a try
> >>
> >>
> > Gave this one a try and it worked.

Difficult to keep up.

> > Next step...
> > I'm setting up a Debian mirror (don't know if it will be very useful
> > because I already have one nearby (iweb.ca)...
> > 
> > But as I'm only carrying Buster and Bullseye (possibly the next testing
> > too).
> > 
> With only the security update mirror.
> Please don't write me (again) it's bad to create a local copy of
> security-update.
> 
> Now getting this problem :
> 
> E: The repository 'file:/mnt/mirror/security-debian buster/updates
> Release' does not have a Release file.
> N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is
> therefore disabled by default.

Just copy the files *Release* from the website with wget?
(In no way condoning what you are attempting to do.)

Cheers,
David.

Re: how best to do

[Keith Bainbridge]

On 29/7/21 02:30, Dan Ritter wrote:

and mount where you will.


G'day Gene

I make back-up disks at fstab options
noauto,noexec

and mount/unmount as part of the cron script.  makes them 'less visible' 
to an uninvited visitor.


Also, I run the back-up as root

--
All the best

Keith Bainbridge

keith.bainbridge.3...@gmail.com
0447 667 468

Re: how best to do

[piorunz]

On 28/07/2021 17:29, Charles Curley wrote:

I
plan to add drives to upgrade the RAID to add checksums, and that will
involve buying a SATA controller.


Btrfs filesystem does that by default, no need to buy any additional
hardware. It also does fake-software Raids on it's own without need for
mdadm or HW controller.

--

With kindest regards, piorunz.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄

Re: how best to do

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 28 July 2021 19:26:15 Greg Wooledge wrote:

> On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 11:03:01PM +0200, deloptes wrote:
> > Dan Ritter wrote:
> > >> Raid6 sounds promising. Equivalent capacity is also one drive?
> > >
> > > No, you actually get about 2 drives of capacity out of 4 here.
> >
> > You get N-1, so from 4x2TB disks you get close to 6TB RAID6 (you
> > have also various FS layer overhead)
>
> RAID-5 is N-1.  With 4 disks in a RAID-5 configuration, you'd get 3
> disks worth of usable storage.
>
> RAID-6 is N-2.  With 4 disks in a RAID-6 configuration, you'd get 2
> disks worth of usable storage.

Thanks Greg. Raid-6 sounds the most dependable.  Stuff is ordered.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: how best to do

[deloptes]

Greg Wooledge wrote:

> RAID-5 is N-1.  With 4 disks in a RAID-5 configuration, you'd get 3
> disks worth of usable storage.
> 
> RAID-6 is N-2.  With 4 disks in a RAID-6 configuration, you'd get 2
> disks worth of usable storage.

Sorry I mixed both :/

Re: how best to do

[Greg Wooledge]

On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 11:03:01PM +0200, deloptes wrote:
> Dan Ritter wrote:
> >> Raid6 sounds promising. Equivalent capacity is also one drive?
> > 
> > No, you actually get about 2 drives of capacity out of 4 here.
> 
> You get N-1, so from 4x2TB disks you get close to 6TB RAID6 (you have also
> various FS layer overhead)

RAID-5 is N-1.  With 4 disks in a RAID-5 configuration, you'd get 3
disks worth of usable storage.

RAID-6 is N-2.  With 4 disks in a RAID-6 configuration, you'd get 2
disks worth of usable storage.

Re: Please help to test latest Debian 11 release candidate on real hardware

[Chuck Zmudzinski]

On 7/24/2021 4:14 PM, Andrey Ponomarenko wrote:

Hello!

Let's help developers to test upcoming Debian version 11 by filling 
out the community-driven list of tested hardware configurations: 
https://github.com/linuxhw/TestCoverage/tree/master/Dist/Debian_11 

The development team only has a limited set of hardware for tests, but 
I'm sure we can find almost any configuration in the community. Anyone 
can easily add their computers / laptops or servers info to the list 
using the package https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/hw-probe 
.
You can download Debian 11 release candidate on the page 
https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/ 
.

Andrey
I just added my 7-year-old ASRock Desktop running bullseye to the 
linuxhw database. I have been running Debian on it since Wheezy was the 
stable version and I have been testing bullseye on it since bullseye 
reached the soft freeze back in February. It works well and I just 
migrated bullseye to my SSD so it boots from the SSD and bullseye boots 
to the gnome desktop as fast as buster did from the SSD. The only issue 
I have seen with bullseye is that when I run bullseye as a Dom0 on the 
Xen hypervisor (using the Xen 4.14 package for bullseye), for some 
reason the system will not power down. The operating system does stop 
but the power stays on and I need to hit the reset button and then the 
power button to make it actually power down. Bullseye is the first 
version of Debian to exhibit this issue which only occurs when running 
bullseye as a Dom0 on Xen - bullseye powers down normally when running 
on the bare metal.


Chuck

Re: how best to do

[David Christensen]

On 7/28/21 6:44 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:

Greetings all;

This, my main machine that backs up 5 others here, but does that with
drives not involved with daily stuffs, and of course I'm gradually
replacing spinning rust with SSD's.

I've been dragging my feet on updating from stretch to buster, waiting
for 1TB SSD's to get affordable. Now they almost have.

But I do have a pair of 500 GB SamSung EVO 860's and one empty sata
socket. Spares for the rest of my multi-machine farm, currently at 5
other machines.

Total storage actually used on this machine ATM is around 318G. Some of
which isn't precious.

With 2 drives and 2 sata connectors, how can I configure this for maximum
redundancy, but not necessarily maximum working capacity?

Does that recommendation change if I order 2 more 1T SSD's? In which
case, which of the current buzzwords tech is the most dependable?

Thank you.
  
Cheers, Gene Heskett



I suggest creating a ZFS mirrored storage pool using the 500 GB SSD's:

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/819-5461/gaynr/index.html


Later, you could add mirrored 1 TB SSD's to the pool:

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37838_01/html/E61017/gayrd.html


And remove the 500 GB SSD mirror from the pool:

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37838_01/html/E61017/remove-devices.html


David

Re: Types of Debian updates

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi Greg,

On 2021-07-27 11:34 a.m., Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 27, 2021 at 05:49:31PM +0300, Gunnar Gervin wrote:
>> Please tell & explain which update types there are like
>> Point release
>> Release
>> Update
>> New distro release etc/similar.
> 
> You can start with 
> and .
> 
> That wiki page then links to
>  which addresses
> your first question.
> 

RTNW ( Read the nice wiki) ?
A nicer version of RTFM ?

-- 
Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
-Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: Update or reinstall

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi,

On 2021-07-28 3:16 p.m., Gunnar Gervin wrote:
> It is a Toshiba 160 gb hd in a 14 years old Macbook i386 ❤️/x86 32 b
> booting from Bios not uefi. I'll give full report in 1-2 weeks, after
> put in VM in it, faster internet to it to handle VM.
> And built websites with it.
> Geg

What's the link between installing a VM and the description of your laptop ?

Also, Macbook in x86 booting from BIOS ?

Macbook use either UEFI for the Intel ones or OpenBoot for the older ones.

No such thing as a BIOS on a MacBook.

Sorry but your message is everything except easy to understand.

If you are installing Linux in a VM on your laptop then you should also
describe what type of VM you are using and the specifications. Your
Friend Linux should have taught you this. Also, he should teach you that
a faster internet won't make your VM faster.

Maybe you could either answer a message or include in this one, what
reason are you writing this ?

As it may sound obvious for yourself, it's not necessarily for others.
Plus it's not much of use for someone who'd like into to the archive
looking for answer.

If I do get a idea of why you are writing this here, it's not the case
for other people around.

Same apply for your message regarding Pine laptop.

Because now those two message are like a bottle in the ocean, not linked
to anything.

-- 
Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
-Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: Please help to test latest Debian 11 release candidate on real hardware

[Andrey Ponomarenko]

- все Intermediate results will be published one week before the release (~Aug 7) - it's best time to contribute. But in the last week the report will still be updated daily till the release. After the release the report will be updated monthly. 28.07.2021, 22:59, "paolo gagini" :Hi,what is the last day to take the test?thank you.PaoloOn 28/07/21 21:45, Andrey Ponomarenko wrote:27.07.2021, 23:43, "Marco Möller" :On 24.07.21 22:14, Andrey Ponomarenko wrote: Hello!  Let's help developers to test upcoming Debian version 11 by filling out the community-driven list of tested hardware configurations: https://github.com/linuxhw/TestCoverage/tree/master/Dist/Debian_11 The development team only has a limited set of hardware for tests, but I'm sure we can find almost any configuration in the community. Anyone can easily add their computers / laptops or servers info to the list using the package https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/hw-probe. You can download Debian 11 release candidate on the page https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/. AndreyHello!Many of my hardware components in the tested laptop become "detected"but not marked as "works", although I can confirm that they do workflawlessly. Obviously the hw-probe did not catch all information aspositive as possible. Anything I can do about it?Marco You can set status to 'works' manually in the review. Look for REVIEW green button on the probe page. Thanks. Andrey -- 
FC7087037FBE1334  Andrey 

Re: how best to do

[deloptes]

Dan Ritter wrote:

>> Raid6 sounds promising. Equivalent capacity is also one drive?
> 
> No, you actually get about 2 drives of capacity out of 4 here.


You get N-1, so from 4x2TB disks you get close to 6TB RAID6 (you have also
various FS layer overhead)

Gene, IMO this is best option but I do not remember what was faster read or
write - there was a catch, so depends on the usecase. I did on one I use
for backup

On storage server for HA I bought 2 LSI controllers that manage 2x6 3.5"
disk bays - for now I have 4x4 disks that are equally distributed and in
RAID1 - might be the 2 LSI was overkill and a limitation into some extent,
but ... if one of them dies, the other will continue serve until
replacement is there (and I still use 1Gbps copper which is the actual
limitation for NFS SSH Samba or whatever goes trough)

regards

PS: just think twice, cause later it's harder to manage the amounts of data

keyboard bent in bullseye install?

[ghe2001]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA256

Bullseye netinstall, Dell Latitude 5414 laptop.

The keyboard shows the wrong characters in Netinstall.  Some of them.

Download the iso, burn to CD, boot CD, run advanced install, start answering 
questions, American English keyboard (no difference from the usual on this 
machine, from Jessie to Buster).

When it asks for something I have to type (an IP address, IIRC) I have to hold 
down ALT to get the right characters -- some of them.  The ones that print 
correctly without ALT are dead when I hold ALT.

Same thing when I try to type the host name and the domain name (words) -- for 
some chars, ALT.  The 'debian' default name for the box is correct as are the 
menus.

The earlier install CDs worked fine.  Buster runs fine.  I haven't tried on the 
'regular' desktop computer.

--
Glenn English
-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
Version: ProtonMail

wsBzBAEBCAAGBQJhAb4BACEJEObKK1bRaqt3FiEExEbtoeXBeE9fruv35sor
VtFqq3fkSQf+Ly717mmlMgIExF1ZPaHsRJKUS6vJ1cGAlVi1ON+A4nYIuc14
dA6WrYcGuCHrg3VSqVPvMbiM3vDHmdiWRZjsp+EvukiR31m3FoFXJfs5/Y8+
MVmyK+MyPZfkGqtL+EvoAakHrMJ08SDNgrfPX/gn9yQxsWo2Lf7+i/lDcQSn
ep3TVEq8o4N/aZKcwQ0LZrCBFrmacQmGyPFhmUProleMqosJKZXBRKqiAEo5
gcBCeyzfsL1IZMsqf2PzBfwB+j7lVVQIVLPfHWh1uz4d7ghutLj9apWylOf3
Kz66H2Ia3so60X4IJFgrmuOiqmg3pwbslx2VW4fGKPI51e4RPIHK7Q==
=Hm7U
-END PGP SIGNATURE-

Re: Please help to test latest Debian 11 release candidate on real hardware

[paolo gagini]

Hi,

what is the last day to take the test?

thank you.

Paolo

On 28/07/21 21:45, Andrey Ponomarenko wrote:

27.07.2021, 23:43, "Marco Möller" :

On 24.07.21 22:14, Andrey Ponomarenko wrote:

 Hello!

 Let's help developers to test upcoming Debian version 11 by
filling out
 the community-driven list of tested hardware configurations:
 https://github.com/linuxhw/TestCoverage/tree/master/Dist/Debian_11
 The development team only has a limited set of hardware for
tests, but
 I'm sure we can find almost any configuration in the
community. Anyone
 can easily add their computers / laptops or servers info to
the list
 using the package https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/hw-probe.
 You can download Debian 11 release candidate on the page
 https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/.
 Andrey


Hello!
Many of my hardware components in the tested laptop become "detected"
but not marked as "works", although I can confirm that they do work
flawlessly. Obviously the hw-probe did not catch all information as
positive as possible. Anything I can do about it?
Marco

You can set status to 'works' manually in the review. Look for REVIEW 
green button on the probe page.

Thanks.
Andrey


--
FC7087037FBE1334

Thx guys and girls.

[Gunnar Gervin]

I learned more,
 Interesting. Wrote a song mostly in
Norwegian, Corona Cabaret
Corona for associates to krona, Swedish currency about 1/10 €. & is a beer.
All media talk die statistics
Few mention profylaxe like garlic, onions, lemons, olives, bodily and most
other lively interactions, laughter, training, fishing+.
Corona killers like Propolis
C weakeners e.g soda of bicarbonat, hydrogenperoxid neither mentioned
often, or at all. It"s about money, jabs, & controlled social pressure.
 Main reason I'm here is Propolis, and Pine laptop sold out, as well as
most good laptops. Now Pine laptop's produced in China.
BR,
Geg

Re: Please help to test latest Debian 11 release candidate on real hardware

[Andrey Ponomarenko]

27.07.2021, 23:43, "Marco Möller" :On 24.07.21 22:14, Andrey Ponomarenko wrote: Hello!  Let's help developers to test upcoming Debian version 11 by filling out the community-driven list of tested hardware configurations: https://github.com/linuxhw/TestCoverage/tree/master/Dist/Debian_11 The development team only has a limited set of hardware for tests, but I'm sure we can find almost any configuration in the community. Anyone can easily add their computers / laptops or servers info to the list using the package https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/hw-probe. You can download Debian 11 release candidate on the page https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/. AndreyHello!Many of my hardware components in the tested laptop become "detected"but not marked as "works", although I can confirm that they do workflawlessly. Obviously the hw-probe did not catch all information aspositive as possible. Anything I can do about it?Marco You can set status to 'works' manually in the review. Look for REVIEW green button on the probe page. Thanks. Andrey 

Update or reinstall

[Gunnar Gervin]

It is a Toshiba 160 gb hd in a 14 years old Macbook i386 ❤️/x86 32 b
booting from Bios not uefi. I'll give full report in 1-2 weeks, after put
in VM in it, faster internet to it to handle VM.
And built websites with it.
Geg

Re: partial freeze when playing 3D games

[Anssi Saari]

Toni Casueps  writes:

> Hi all,
>
> When running 3D games (video players or 2D games work fine), at a random 
> moment the image freezes.

>From the video I guess this is about Windows games via some kind of
emulation or translation layer? I really don't know. Maybe if you
describe the setup?

Also in the video there's some kind of popup behind the menu? Maybe with
some information? What does it say?

Re: Clean install or update

[Reco]

On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 12:41:44PM -0400, Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> On 2021-07-28 7:24 a.m., Reco wrote:
> > Hi.
> > 
> > On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 06:25:50AM -0400, Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside 
> > wrote:
> >>> 2. Force it to use UEFI and not the BIOS & bios-grub
> >> Again clueless of why you say that.
> >> Other than some rack server,
> > 
> > Modern x86 servers happen to use UEFI too.
> Yes but many of the rack I see are still BIOS.

So do I. But I cannot call those I see "modern".


> Was talking about x86 mainly because the initial thread, the user said
> he was a newbie. So didn't want much to get him confused between
> architecture.
> > Things are different for POWERs and UltraSPARCs.
> > 
> >> many people if not most of them, will run UEFI
> > 
> > True for x86. Most of the time that's because the manufacturer does not
> > give such people a choice - it's either UEFI, or CSM (aka BIOS) with
> > severely reduced functions. How would you like your videocard
> > functioning only if OS is booted via UEFI, for instance?
> Never got to deal with such problem but yes, I'd be annoyed to need UEFI
> to get my video card running.

Just a spicy tidbit from a radiant consumer world.
Server hardware is more conservative, of course.


> > False for consumers' ARM and MIPS. With rare exceptions, UEFI is
> > non-existant there.
> > 
> >> and some system even only use UEFI (Mac for example,
> > 
> > True, although I don't have a personal experience with them.
> > 
> I should have said, Mac on x86/x64 platform.

Irrelevant. That new fancy ARM Mac is using UEFI too, or so they say.
Whatever Apple used then they used PowerPCs has historical value at best.


> >> Sun machine too).
> > 
> > Clarification needed.
> > 
> > UltraSPARCs (which are true Suns) used and continue to use OBP, which
> > has nothing in common with UEFI. And it does not really matter which
> > UltraSPARC it is - Oracle's or Fujustu's.
> > 
> > Solaris x86, which is no true Solaris by any means of course, can be
> > booted by both BIOS and UEFI, because it uses the same GRUB as Linux
> > does. Running on x86 applies the same restrictions as discussed above.
> > 
> I make a distinction between Solaris and Sun.

I do too, but really, if you have that M8 - do you run Linux on it? Or,
for instance, NetBSD?
OK, M8 is costly. Let's consider something cheaper and older, like T4 or T5.
I know one can get those on eBay, heck, someone still sells T2000s, T1s,
and even parts for E25Ks there.
Does it still run Solaris for a certain reason? Because those that I
see in my line of work definitely do.

It's possible, of course, to run something other than Solaris on both T
and M series (unsure about E series), I still have that LDOM running
kernel 4.1.12 just because I can, but it never grew up to anything
bigger than proof-of-concept.

Reco

Re: how best to do

[tomas]

On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 10:16:19AM -0600, Charles Curley wrote:
> On Wed, 28 Jul 2021 11:04:59 -0400
> Dan Ritter  wrote:
> 
> > However, if you don't need second-by-second simultaneity, you
> > could just set up a cron job to rsync your first drive to your
> > second drive once an hour or twice a day or overnight. 
> 
> Or use rsnapshot to get the same effect with less effort.

RAID and rsync/rsnapshot have different profiles (although they share,
of course, some traits).

The first is about availability: if one of your disks die, you can
just go on as if nothing happened. Take it out (as far as your
hardware supports hot swap ;-) , pop a fresh one in and let the
RAID fairy restore redundancy.

With the second, if what dies is your backup, all fine. If it's
your primary disk, you'll find yourself scuttling to set up a
new system and get the data in.

OTOH, with the second, you can set up things to stash away several
snapshots of your system. If you fat-finger your valuable data away,
you just can page back in your snapshot history until you find good
data (attention Windows users, with all that ransomware which seems
to be fashionable with you ;-)

Rsync provides ways to store snapshots in a reasonably storage-friendly
way (option --link-dest). Rsnapshot (which, AFAIK is based on rsync)
makes this a bit easier.

In a nutshell: what old sysadmins always say: RAID and backup are
different things. You want the first if you need high availability,
you want the second if your data is valuable.

> Does anybody read signatures any more?

I /never/ do.

Cheers
 - t


signature.asc
Description: Digital signature

Re: how best to do

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 28 July 2021 12:29:42 Charles Curley wrote:

> On Wed, 28 Jul 2021 09:44:24 -0400
>
> Gene Heskett  wrote:
> > I've been dragging my feet on updating from stretch to buster,
> > waiting for 1TB SSD's to get affordable. Now they almost have.
> >
> > But I do have a pair of 500 GB SamSung EVO 860's and one empty sata
> > socket. Spares for the rest of my multi-machine farm, currently at 5
> > other machines.
>
> I have a setup similar to yours. However, I use SSDs for stuff I want
> readily available (OS, programs, /home, etc.).
>
> On my main computer, I have two 4TB spinning rust drives, with RAID0
> on them. I keep stuff on them where speed isn't as big a deal:
> backups, etc. Backups include amanda backups, rsnapshot backups, and
> others. I plan to add drives to upgrade the RAID to add checksums, and
> that will involve buying a SATA controller.
>
> If money is a concern, something like that might work for you.

ATM, it is not. Thanks Charles.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: how best to do

[Charles Curley]

On Wed, 28 Jul 2021 11:04:59 -0400
Dan Ritter  wrote:

> However, if you don't need second-by-second simultaneity, you
> could just set up a cron job to rsync your first drive to your
> second drive once an hour or twice a day or overnight. 

Or use rsnapshot to get the same effect with less effort.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: Clean install or update

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi,

On 2021-07-28 7:24 a.m., Reco wrote:
>   Hi.
> 
> On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 06:25:50AM -0400, Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside 
> wrote:
>>> 2. Force it to use UEFI and not the BIOS & bios-grub
>> Again clueless of why you say that.
>> Other than some rack server,
> 
> Modern x86 servers happen to use UEFI too.
Yes but many of the rack I see are still BIOS.
> Modern ARM64 servers do it too.
> 
Was talking about x86 mainly because the initial thread, the user said
he was a newbie. So didn't want much to get him confused between
architecture.
> Things are different for POWERs and UltraSPARCs.
> 
>> many people if not most of them, will run UEFI
> 
> True for x86. Most of the time that's because the manufacturer does not
> give such people a choice - it's either UEFI, or CSM (aka BIOS) with
> severely reduced functions. How would you like your videocard
> functioning only if OS is booted via UEFI, for instance?
Never got to deal with such problem but yes, I'd be annoyed to need UEFI
to get my video card running.
> 
> False for consumers' ARM and MIPS. With rare exceptions, UEFI is
> non-existant there.
> 
>> and some system even only use UEFI (Mac for example,
> 
> True, although I don't have a personal experience with them.
> 
I should have said, Mac on x86/x64 platform.

>> Sun machine too).
> 
> Clarification needed.
> 
> UltraSPARCs (which are true Suns) used and continue to use OBP, which
> has nothing in common with UEFI. And it does not really matter which
> UltraSPARC it is - Oracle's or Fujustu's.
> 
> Solaris x86, which is no true Solaris by any means of course, can be
> booted by both BIOS and UEFI, because it uses the same GRUB as Linux
> does. Running on x86 applies the same restrictions as discussed above.
> 
I make a distinction between Solaris and Sun.
When I talk about Sun, I shall say Sparc.
And I got confused between UEFI and OBP for these.
> Reco
> 

-- 
Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
-Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: how best to do

[Dan Ritter]

Gene Heskett wrote: 
> On Wednesday 28 July 2021 11:04:59 Dan Ritter wrote:
> > The standard SATA interface is one port, one drive. (There are
> > exceptions which are not worth talking about here.) If you can
> > plug in a fairly cheap PCIe to SATA card, you can get 2 or 4 or
> > 8 more connectors.
> >
> I have spares of both the very short slot and the longer slot, whatever 
> it is, this is an Asus Prime X370-A II motherboard, so name the 
> preferred poison for a new sata card.
>  
> > Your choices for 4 drives are:
> >
> > RAID10: write 2 copies to four drives, read from all four;
> > capacity is 2 drives worth. Survive any one drive failing and
> > also survive two drives failing if they are on different
> > stripes.
> >
> > RAID6: write one copy plus two sets of parity information to
> > four drives, read from all four to reconstruct data. Speed is
> > equivalent to one drive. You can survive any two drives failing.
> 
> Raid6 sounds promising. Equivalent capacity is also one drive?

No, you actually get about 2 drives of capacity out of 4 here.


> > All of these can be handled in software by the kernel, managed
> > by mdadm. You can easily transfer the drives to some other Linux
> > box.
> 
> Name the poison card, and I'll get it and 4 more drives as this tower has 
> lots of empty drive space suitable for hiding SSD's.

$20 for 2 ports:
https://www.newegg.com/syba-sy-pex40039-sata-iii/p/N82E16816124045

$80 for 6 ports:
https://www.newegg.com/p/14G-000G-00089?Item=14G-000G-00089

No drivers needed, kernel should just recognize them.

Plug in the drives and read https://wiki.debian.org/SoftwareRAID

You'll end up with something like

--create /dev/md0 --level=6 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
/dev/sde1 /dev/sdf1

Then 

mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0

and mount where you will.


-dsr-

Re: how best to do

[Charles Curley]

On Wed, 28 Jul 2021 09:44:24 -0400
Gene Heskett  wrote:

> I've been dragging my feet on updating from stretch to buster,
> waiting for 1TB SSD's to get affordable. Now they almost have.
> 
> But I do have a pair of 500 GB SamSung EVO 860's and one empty sata 
> socket. Spares for the rest of my multi-machine farm, currently at 5 
> other machines.

I have a setup similar to yours. However, I use SSDs for stuff I want
readily available (OS, programs, /home, etc.).

On my main computer, I have two 4TB spinning rust drives, with RAID0 on
them. I keep stuff on them where speed isn't as big a deal: backups,
etc. Backups include amanda backups, rsnapshot backups, and others. I
plan to add drives to upgrade the RAID to add checksums, and that will
involve buying a SATA controller.

If money is a concern, something like that might work for you.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: using scanbd

[mick crane]

well that's embarrassing all seems to be working now with "systemctl 
start scanbd"

sorry about that.
mick
--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: how best to do

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 28 July 2021 11:04:59 Dan Ritter wrote:
on list, I am subbed.

> Gene Heskett wrote:
> > Greetings all;
> >
> > This, my main machine that backs up 5 others here, but does that
> > with drives not involved with daily stuffs, and of course I'm
> > gradually replacing spinning rust with SSD's.
> >
> > I've been dragging my feet on updating from stretch to buster,
> > waiting for 1TB SSD's to get affordable. Now they almost have.
> >
> > But I do have a pair of 500 GB SamSung EVO 860's and one empty sata
> > socket. Spares for the rest of my multi-machine farm, currently at 5
> > other machines.
> >
> > Total storage actually used on this machine ATM is around 318G. Some
> > of which isn't precious.
> >
> > With 2 drives and 2 sata connectors, how can I configure this for
> > maximum redundancy, but not necessarily maximum working capacity?
>
> Best redundancy is a RAID-1 mirror: everything written to one is
> also written to the other; reads are handled by both
> simultaneously. You get about the same write performance, much
> better read performance, and one of them dying doesn't kill your
> data.
>
> However, if you don't need second-by-second simultaneity, you
> could just set up a cron job to rsync your first drive to your
> second drive once an hour or twice a day or overnight.
>
> > Does that recommendation change if I order 2 more 1T SSD's? In which
> > case, which of the current buzzwords tech is the most dependable?
>
> Do you have an available PCI or PCIe slot?
>
> The standard SATA interface is one port, one drive. (There are
> exceptions which are not worth talking about here.) If you can
> plug in a fairly cheap PCIe to SATA card, you can get 2 or 4 or
> 8 more connectors.
>
I have spares of both the very short slot and the longer slot, whatever 
it is, this is an Asus Prime X370-A II motherboard, so name the 
preferred poison for a new sata card.
 
> Your choices for 4 drives are:
>
> RAID10: write 2 copies to four drives, read from all four;
> capacity is 2 drives worth. Survive any one drive failing and
> also survive two drives failing if they are on different
> stripes.
>
> RAID6: write one copy plus two sets of parity information to
> four drives, read from all four to reconstruct data. Speed is
> equivalent to one drive. You can survive any two drives failing.

Raid6 sounds promising. Equivalent capacity is also one drive?
>
> All of these can be handled in software by the kernel, managed
> by mdadm. You can easily transfer the drives to some other Linux
> box.

Name the poison card, and I'll get it and 4 more drives as this tower has 
lots of empty drive space suitable for hiding SSD's.

> -dsr-

Thanks dsr.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: configurar dos monitores en debian 10 (Gnome) escalado

[Camaleón]

El 2021-07-28 a las 17:33 +0200, miguel angel gonzalez escribió:

> El dom, 25 jul 2021 a las 2:26, Felix Perez ()
> escribió:
> 
> > El sáb, 24 de jul. de 2021 a la(s) 12:15, miguel angel gonzalez
> > (mangelgonza...@gmail.com) escribió:
> > >
> > > Hola,
> > >
> > > Recientemente he comprado otro monitor para trabajar con dos, uno de
> > ellos es de mayor resolución.
> > > Me veo con el problema que en Gnome 3.30.2, cuando configuro las
> > pantallas, el escalado parece que es fijo para las dos,
> > > de esta manera la de menor resolución (1920x1080) todo lo que ponga en
> > esa pantalla aparece enorme, la resolución está bien configurada,
> > > me da que es por el escalado, uso Xorg, no Wayland..
> > >
> > > ¿Os ha ocurrido? ¿Sabéis cómo modificarlo? Es bastante molesto.
> >
> > Revisa esto:
> > https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=arandr

> Hola,
> 
> Estoy probando con la herramienta en consola, y gráfica. En consola con el
> comando:
> 
> xrandr --output HDMI-0 --scale 1.4x1.4
> 
> Veo que parte de la pantalla principal sale en la pantalla nueva, a pesar
> de verse completamente en la que ya tenía la ventana, es decir, superpone
> parte en la pantalla 2.
> Si abro la aplicación gráfica veo que se superponen los monitores, he
> conseguido desplazar el monitor principal a la derecha y ya no ocurre. Así
> que, ya tengo configurada la escala del monitor
> con menor resolución. Con la herramienta gráfica he visto la posición de
> pantallas para que no se superpongan y ya tengo un comando que al
> ejecutarlo al inicio funciona. He probado a crear un servicio en systemd
> para que lo haga sólo al inicio, el caso es que da error, tanto al hacerlo
> así como al ponerlo en un cron con @reboot.
> 
> El error es el siguiente: Can't open display, al ponerlo como servicio era
> para elegir cuando ejecutarlo, como con el cron falló, con el servicio
> elijo que se ejecute después del servicio de red, pero sigue fallando.

Más que un servicio, crea un script para que se inicie cuando lo haga 
el gestor de ventanas (KDM en tu caso, si mal no recuerdo).

En la wiki de ArchLinux tienes una guía:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/xrandr#Configuration

Saludos,

-- 
Camaleón 

Re: configurar dos monitores en debian 10 (Gnome) escalado

[miguel angel gonzalez]

Hola,

Estoy probando con la herramienta en consola, y gráfica. En consola con el
comando:

xrandr --output HDMI-0 --scale 1.4x1.4

Veo que parte de la pantalla principal sale en la pantalla nueva, a pesar
de verse completamente en la que ya tenía la ventana, es decir, superpone
parte en la pantalla 2.
Si abro la aplicación gráfica veo que se superponen los monitores, he
conseguido desplazar el monitor principal a la derecha y ya no ocurre. Así
que, ya tengo configurada la escala del monitor
con menor resolución. Con la herramienta gráfica he visto la posición de
pantallas para que no se superpongan y ya tengo un comando que al
ejecutarlo al inicio funciona. He probado a crear un servicio en systemd
para que lo haga sólo al inicio, el caso es que da error, tanto al hacerlo
así como al ponerlo en un cron con @reboot.

El error es el siguiente: Can't open display, al ponerlo como servicio era
para elegir cuando ejecutarlo, como con el cron falló, con el servicio
elijo que se ejecute después del servicio de red, pero sigue fallando.

Muchas gracias por la ayuda.


un Un saludo.

El dom, 25 jul 2021 a las 2:26, Felix Perez ()
escribió:

> El sáb, 24 de jul. de 2021 a la(s) 12:15, miguel angel gonzalez
> (mangelgonza...@gmail.com) escribió:
> >
> > Hola,
> >
> > Recientemente he comprado otro monitor para trabajar con dos, uno de
> ellos es de mayor resolución.
> > Me veo con el problema que en Gnome 3.30.2, cuando configuro las
> pantallas, el escalado parece que es fijo para las dos,
> > de esta manera la de menor resolución (1920x1080) todo lo que ponga en
> esa pantalla aparece enorme, la resolución está bien configurada,
> > me da que es por el escalado, uso Xorg, no Wayland..
> >
> > ¿Os ha ocurrido? ¿Sabéis cómo modificarlo? Es bastante molesto.
>
> Revisa esto:
> https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=arandr
>
> Saludos
>
>
> --
> usuario linux  #274354
> normas de la lista:  http://wiki.debian.org/es/NormasLista
> como hacer preguntas inteligentes:
> http://www.sindominio.net/ayuda/preguntas-inteligentes.html
>
>

-- 
/m.a.

Re: location of screenshots during debian install

[David Wright]

On Wed 28 Jul 2021 at 11:16:42 (+1200), Richard Hector wrote:
> On 27/07/21 7:14 pm, Jupiter777 wrote:
> > I am in the middle of installing buster 10.10.x on my computer.
> > 
> > I see that I can take screenshots as the dialog boxes tell me:
> > 
> >    Screenshot Saved as /var/log/
> > 
> > But /var/log is not on the bootable  usb I am using ...
> > 
> > Where are the screenshots?  I like to  use them for troubleshooting?
> 
> I've never used this facility, so I'm only guessing.
> 
> But if they're not on the installer media, then they're presumably on
> the disk you're installing to, which is mounted on /target/ during the
> installation - so /target/var/log/.
> 
> Whether and how you can get them off that disk if you haven't finished
> the installation is a different matter, of course :-)

You can start taking screenshots long before /target exists.
As indicated above, screenshots are placed in /var/log/…
which is a filesystem created in memory for the duration of the
actual installation process.

If you don't want to go as far as "Save debug logs" in the main menu,
then you have to copy them somewhere yourself. Once /target _does_
exist, you could copy them there, but that means getting as far as
"Install the base system", which populates /target with something
recognisable as a system disk (meaning that, say, /target/root/ would
be available).

So, the quick way is:

. Alt-F4 to view the syslog
. Insert a fresh stick, and watch screen
. Alt-F2(or 3) for a shell
. Mount stick (device name just seen on log) onto /mnt
. cp /var/log/… stuff to /mnt/… (may as well grab the lot)
. Unmount stick
. Remove stick after activity ceases
. Alt-F1 to carry on installing

Cheers,
David.

Re: encrypt/lvm issue during install.... [WAS: location of screenshots during debian install

[David Wright]

On Wed 28 Jul 2021 at 14:22:52 (+0100), Tixy wrote:
> On Wed, 2021-07-28 at 13:31 +0100, Tixy wrote:
> > On Wed, 2021-07-28 at 07:54 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > > On Tue, Jul 27, 2021 at 10:05:54PM -0600, Jupiter777 wrote:
> > > > so loop-with-no-exit went like:
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > -- installer recognized the disk, OK
> > > > 
> > > > -- did the 1gb /boot ext2 non-encrypted configured , OK   /dev/sda7
> > > > 
> > > > -- 150gb partition, planned to be / with everything in it,
> > > >    recognized by installer, OK  /dev/sda6
> > > > 
> > > > -- configured /dev/sda6 to be / and mount-point /  too , OK
> > > > 
> > > > -- went inside the lvm config/manager 
> > > > 
> > > > -- added volume group vg1 off of /dev/sda6 , OK
> > > > 
> > > > -- added logical volume lv1 (inside vg1) , OK
> > > 
> > > I've never done disk encryption, so I can only speak to the LVM parts
> > > of this.
> > > 
> > > If you're planning to use LVM for everything except /boot, then your
> > > third and fourth steps above are incorrect.  You don't want to create
> > > a regular root file system on sda6 if you're planning to use sda6 for LVM.
> > > 
> > > What you want to do instead is:
> > > 
> > > 1) Create your /boot partition + file system as you did.
> > > 
> > > 2) Create a partition to hold the LVM subsystem, but do not mount it.
> > > 
> > > 3) Go into the LVM subsystem, and turn your empty partition into a
> > >    volume group.
> > > 
> > > 4) Create logical volumes within the VG for each file system you want,
> > >    including root.
> > > 
> > > However, since you were trying to do encryption as well, you should
> > > definitely look for advice from someone who has done that.
> > 
> > Between steps 2) and 3) you encrypt the partition.
> 
> Well, that's what I do, but if you want to encrypt filesystems
> individually then I don't know what the sequence is for that.

Complementarywise, these screens are from a nonce encrypted-root
installation, but I've yet to try LVM. (Comments follow the screen
they apply to.)

  ┌┤ [!!] Partition disks ├─┐   
  │ │   
  │ This is an overview of your currently configured partitions and mount   │   
  │ points. Select a partition to modify its settings (file system, mount   │   
  │ point, etc.), a free space to create partitions, or a device to │   
  │ initialize its partition table. │   
  │ │   
  │   Guided partitioning  ↑│   
  │   Configure software RAID  ▮│   
  │   Configure the Logical Volume Manager ▒│   
  │   Configure encrypted volumes  ▒│   
  │   Configure iSCSI volumes  ▒│   
  │▒│   
  │   SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda) - 500.1 GB ATA ST3500413AS   ▒│   
  │   > 1.0 MB   FREE SPACE▒│   
  │   > #1  3.1 MBK  biosgrubBIOS boot pa  ▒│   
  │   > #2520.1 MB   BullBoot  ▒│   
  │   > #3524.3 MB   ext2Linux swap▒│   
  │   > #4 31.5 GB   ext4Viva-A▒│   
  │   > #5 31.5 GB   ext3Viva-B▒│   
  │   > #6436.1 GB   Viva-Home ▒│   
  │   > 7.7 kB   FREE SPACE▒│   
  │   SCSI7 (0,0,0) (sdb) - 1.0 GB Multiple Card Reader▒│   
  │↓│   
  │ │   
  ││   
  │ │   
  └─┘   

I renamed my ESP (future-proofing the disk) as BullBoot. The ext3 was
created thus, just for recognisability. Partitions 1, 3, 4 and 6 are
the "real" ones, to remain untouched (except that 1 may get clobbered).

  ┌┤ [!!] Partition disks ├─┐   
  │ │   
  │ You are editing partition #2 of SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda). No existing file   │   
  

Re: how best to do

[Dan Ritter]

Gene Heskett wrote: 
> Greetings all;
> 
> This, my main machine that backs up 5 others here, but does that with 
> drives not involved with daily stuffs, and of course I'm gradually 
> replacing spinning rust with SSD's.
> 
> I've been dragging my feet on updating from stretch to buster, waiting 
> for 1TB SSD's to get affordable. Now they almost have.
> 
> But I do have a pair of 500 GB SamSung EVO 860's and one empty sata 
> socket. Spares for the rest of my multi-machine farm, currently at 5 
> other machines.
> 
> Total storage actually used on this machine ATM is around 318G. Some of 
> which isn't precious.
> 
> With 2 drives and 2 sata connectors, how can I configure this for maximum 
> redundancy, but not necessarily maximum working capacity?

Best redundancy is a RAID-1 mirror: everything written to one is
also written to the other; reads are handled by both
simultaneously. You get about the same write performance, much
better read performance, and one of them dying doesn't kill your
data.

However, if you don't need second-by-second simultaneity, you
could just set up a cron job to rsync your first drive to your
second drive once an hour or twice a day or overnight. 


> Does that recommendation change if I order 2 more 1T SSD's? In which 
> case, which of the current buzzwords tech is the most dependable?

Do you have an available PCI or PCIe slot?

The standard SATA interface is one port, one drive. (There are
exceptions which are not worth talking about here.) If you can
plug in a fairly cheap PCIe to SATA card, you can get 2 or 4 or
8 more connectors.

Your choices for 4 drives are:

RAID10: write 2 copies to four drives, read from all four;
capacity is 2 drives worth. Survive any one drive failing and
also survive two drives failing if they are on different
stripes.

RAID6: write one copy plus two sets of parity information to
four drives, read from all four to reconstruct data. Speed is
equivalent to one drive. You can survive any two drives failing.

All of these can be handled in software by the kernel, managed
by mdadm. You can easily transfer the drives to some other Linux
box. 

-dsr-

Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?

[Xavier De Yzaguirre i Maura]

Bon dia,
Jo utilitzo syncthinc per actualitzar el contingut de determinades carpetes
entre dos D11 (portàtil i escriptori) i un MOS 11.6 del 2008 al que amb uns
escripts bash pujo i baixo selectivament fitxers de l’icloud que puc
consultar arreu amb iphone, i certament em va molt bé.

El dc, 28 jul 2021 a les 12:12 Narcis Garcia  va
escriure:

> Aleshores entenc que el Syncthing va molt bé per a fer la part essencial
> del què fa el Nextcloud amb les carpetes d'un mateix (del propi compte
> d'accés), però pel què comentes no es podria assignar unes carpetes a un
> grup d'usuaris o que un usuari comparteixi alguna cosa seva. Correcte?
>
>
> El 28/7/21 a les 11:34, Conrad Pueyo ha escrit:
> > Crec que el Syncthing tindria mes el proposit de que el client tingui el
> > mateix contingut en local que en el servidor. Per aixo no ho veig tan
> > viable. Va molt be, la veritat, pero com a replicant de contingut, no
> > com per compartir carpetes
> >
> > -- Mensaje original --
> > De: "fadelkon" mailto:fadel...@posteo.net>>
> > Para: debian-user-catalan@lists.debian.org
> > ; "Leopold
> > Palomo-Avellaneda" mailto:l...@alaxarxa.net>>; "Joan"
> > mailto:arboc...@calbasi.net>>
> > CC: "Dani PERSONAL" mailto:omeg...@gmx.es>>
> > Enviado: 28/7/2021 11:25:44
> > Asunto: Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?
> >
> >> El 28 de juliol de 2021 7:48:25 CEST, Leopold Palomo-Avellaneda
> >> mailto:l...@alaxarxa.net>> ha escrit:
> >>> Bones!!
> >>>
> >>> El 27/7/21 a les 19:14, Joan ha escrit:
> 
>  Havia pensat en posar un Nextcloud, i donar accés als clients perquè
>  vegin els fitxers del seu directori d'usuari, que jo faria
> >>> sincronitzar
>  amb la còpia de seguretat. Però no sé si és matar mosques a canonades
>  (perquè malgrat que suposo que és factible, Nextcloud està pensat per
>  donar moltes altres funcionalitats).
> >>>
> >>> Nextcloud està molt bé. Jo el tinc a casa de forma domèstica, però no
> >>> sé si és
> >>> l'eina que busques.
> >>
> >> A nextcloud pots habilitar i deshabilitar funcions o "aplicacions",
> >> com contactes, calendaris, o altres. La bàsica és " files". Tu els
> >> pots carregar arxius, però per tal que no ho facin servir per a altres
> >> coses no haurien de tenir usuària.
> >>
> >> En canvi, podries crear una carpeta per cada client propietat d'un
> >> compte teu, i li generes un enllaç compartit amb contrasenya, només de
> >> lectura.
> >>
> >>>
>  Buscant a veure si hi ha algun soft que faci una mica de "dropbox", o
>  sigui una UI per "descarregar/gestionar" fitxers, he caigut en
>  Syncthing, però no sé si és l'eina més adequada. De fet, a mi no em
>  caldria que les còpies estiguessin actualitzades CADA DIA, tot just
> >>> es
>  produeixi el canvi (que és algo que fa el Syncthing, com a mínim per
>  defecte). Total, que això igual genera un tràfic massa alt pel que jo
>  voldria (que és que de tant en tant, un cop a la setmana o al mes, el
>  client pugui descarregar un còpia del seu Moodle).
> >>>
> >>> Jo a la feina tinc fet una cosa amb el dirvish, que és una meravella,
> >>> senzill i
> >>> pràctic. Després amb sftp es pot accedir als fitxers. sftp té clients
> >>> com per
> >>> exemple el winscp, o amb Linux amb qualsevol gestor de fitxer o amb el
> >>> MacOs amb
> >>> el ciberduck.
> >>
> >> Com a servidor de sftp, jo vaig configurar fa poc un proftpd amb el
> >> mòdul de sftp habilitat (el de ssh, un sol port) i el ftps
> >> deshabilitat (que és ftp amb els dos ports per tls).
> >>
> >> Ho he fet per un sistema de backups on cada servidor (client en el teu
> >> cas) té un usuari unix del servidor de backups i està en el grup
> >> backups, que està banejat per fer login per ssh, però ha de tenir una
> >> login shell vàlida per algun motiu. I a la config del proftpd, posant
> >> "DefaultRoot ~/backups" li dona accés d'escriptura només a la carpeta
> >> /home/user/backups . M'agrada perquè queda tot compartimentat i les
> >> configuracions són poques :)
> >>
> >> Salut!
> >> fdk
> >>
> >
> > <
> https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email_source=link_campaign=sig-email_content=emailclient
> >
> >   Libre de virus. www.avast.com
> > <
> https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email_source=link_campaign=sig-email_content=emailclient
> >
> >
> >
> > <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2>
>
> --
> Narcis Garcia
>
> --
Xavier De Yzaguirre
Gmail per a mòbil
xdeyzaguirre(at)gmail(dot)com
+34 629 953 830

Re: using scanbd

[mick crane]

On 2021-07-28 04:52, mick crane wrote:

OK pressing the scanner button works if I start scanbd with -m switch
"scanbd -m"
but if start scanbd with systemctl
"systemctl start scanbd.service"
It does not work.
I also cannot start scanbm.socket.

"/usr/lib/systemd/system/scanbd.service"

[Unit]
 22 Description=Scanner button polling Service
 23
 24 [Service]
 25 Type=simple
 26 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/scanbd -f -c /etc/scanbd/scanbd.conf
 28 #ExecReload=?
 29 Environment=SANE_CONFIG_DIR=/etc/scanbd
 30 StandardInput=null
 31 StandardOutput=syslog
 32 StandardError=syslog
 33 #NotifyAccess=?
 34
 35 [Install]
 36 WantedBy=multi-user.target
 37 Also=scanbm.socket
 38 Alias=dbus-de.kmux.scanbd.server.service


Any idea why that should be ?
mick
--
Key ID4BFEBB31

how best to do

[Gene Heskett]

Greetings all;

This, my main machine that backs up 5 others here, but does that with 
drives not involved with daily stuffs, and of course I'm gradually 
replacing spinning rust with SSD's.

I've been dragging my feet on updating from stretch to buster, waiting 
for 1TB SSD's to get affordable. Now they almost have.

But I do have a pair of 500 GB SamSung EVO 860's and one empty sata 
socket. Spares for the rest of my multi-machine farm, currently at 5 
other machines.

Total storage actually used on this machine ATM is around 318G. Some of 
which isn't precious.

With 2 drives and 2 sata connectors, how can I configure this for maximum 
redundancy, but not necessarily maximum working capacity?

Does that recommendation change if I order 2 more 1T SSD's? In which 
case, which of the current buzzwords tech is the most dependable?

Thank you.
 
Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: Bluetooth: Disabling ertm via sysfsutils

[Christian Britz]

Reco wrote:

1) First, if all you need is modify a kernel module option - you do not
need to tinker with /sys. Just create a file like this:

cat /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth-ertm.conf << EOF
options bluetooth disable_ertm=1
EOF
update-initramfs -k all -u


Great, straight forward and works, thanks! :-)

Re: encrypt/lvm issue during install.... [WAS: location of screenshots during debian install

[Tixy]

On Wed, 2021-07-28 at 13:31 +0100, Tixy wrote:
> On Wed, 2021-07-28 at 07:54 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Tue, Jul 27, 2021 at 10:05:54PM -0600, Jupiter777 wrote:
> > > so loop-with-no-exit went like:
> > > 
> > > 
> > > -- installer recognized the disk, OK
> > > 
> > > -- did the 1gb /boot ext2 non-encrypted configured , OK   /dev/sda7
> > > 
> > > -- 150gb partition, planned to be / with everything in it,
> > >    recognized by installer, OK  /dev/sda6
> > > 
> > > -- configured /dev/sda6 to be / and mount-point /  too , OK
> > > 
> > > -- went inside the lvm config/manager 
> > > 
> > > -- added volume group vg1 off of /dev/sda6 , OK
> > > 
> > > -- added logical volume lv1 (inside vg1) , OK
> > 
> > I've never done disk encryption, so I can only speak to the LVM parts
> > of this.
> > 
> > If you're planning to use LVM for everything except /boot, then your
> > third and fourth steps above are incorrect.  You don't want to create
> > a regular root file system on sda6 if you're planning to use sda6 for LVM.
> > 
> > What you want to do instead is:
> > 
> > 1) Create your /boot partition + file system as you did.
> > 
> > 2) Create a partition to hold the LVM subsystem, but do not mount it.
> > 
> > 3) Go into the LVM subsystem, and turn your empty partition into a
> >    volume group.
> > 
> > 4) Create logical volumes within the VG for each file system you want,
> >    including root.
> > 
> > However, since you were trying to do encryption as well, you should
> > definitely look for advice from someone who has done that.
> 
> Between steps 2) and 3) you encrypt the partition.

Well, that's what I do, but if you want to encrypt filesystems
individually then I don't know what the sequence is for that.

-- 
Tixy

Re: Bluetooth: Disabling ertm via sysfsutils

[Reco]

Hi.

On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 02:30:20PM +0200, Christian Britz wrote:
> If I manually restart sysfsconf.service it works!

systemd manages to start sysfsconf before starting systemd-modules-load,
so that sysfs entry does not exist at the time of boot.

This is expected from systemd SYSV unit generator, it likes to write
just about every dependency to unit, but somehow manages to miss that
one you actually need.

>  Any Idea?

Two ideas.

1) First, if all you need is modify a kernel module option - you do not
need to tinker with /sys. Just create a file like this:

cat /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth-ertm.conf << EOF
options bluetooth disable_ertm=1
EOF
update-initramfs -k all -u


2) Second, if you absolutely need that /sys-modifying kludge - you'll
need to invoke a usual systemd trick to modify sysfsutils dependencies:

mkdir /etc/systemd/system/sysfsutils.service.d/
cat /etc/systemd/system/sysfsutils.service.d/override.conf << EOF
[Unit]
After=systemd-modules-load.service
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload

Reco

Re: encrypt/lvm issue during install.... [WAS: location of screenshots during debian install

[Tixy]

On Wed, 2021-07-28 at 07:54 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 27, 2021 at 10:05:54PM -0600, Jupiter777 wrote:
> > so loop-with-no-exit went like:
> > 
> > 
> > -- installer recognized the disk, OK
> > 
> > -- did the 1gb /boot ext2 non-encrypted configured , OK   /dev/sda7
> > 
> > -- 150gb partition, planned to be / with everything in it,
> >    recognized by installer, OK  /dev/sda6
> > 
> > -- configured /dev/sda6 to be / and mount-point /  too , OK
> > 
> > -- went inside the lvm config/manager 
> > 
> > -- added volume group vg1 off of /dev/sda6 , OK
> > 
> > -- added logical volume lv1 (inside vg1) , OK
> 
> I've never done disk encryption, so I can only speak to the LVM parts
> of this.
> 
> If you're planning to use LVM for everything except /boot, then your
> third and fourth steps above are incorrect.  You don't want to create
> a regular root file system on sda6 if you're planning to use sda6 for LVM.
> 
> What you want to do instead is:
> 
> 1) Create your /boot partition + file system as you did.
> 
> 2) Create a partition to hold the LVM subsystem, but do not mount it.
> 
> 3) Go into the LVM subsystem, and turn your empty partition into a
>    volume group.
> 
> 4) Create logical volumes within the VG for each file system you want,
>    including root.
> 
> However, since you were trying to do encryption as well, you should
> definitely look for advice from someone who has done that.

Between steps 2) and 3) you encrypt the partition.

-- 
Tixy

Bluetooth: Disabling ertm via sysfsutils

[Christian Britz]

To be able to connect a xbox wireless controller via bluetooth, I have 
to disable a bt feature called ertm via sysfs.
I installed sysfsutils and added the following line to /etc/sysfs.conf: 
module/bluetooth/parameters/disable_ertm = 1


It seems that enabling of this parameter at boot time fails:
$ sudo systemctl status sysfsconf.service
[...]
Jul 28 07:53:03 amiga5000 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Set sysfs variables 
from /etc/sysfs.conf...

Jul 28 07:53:03 amiga5000 sysfsutils[578]: Setting sysfs variables..
Jul 28 07:53:03 amiga5000 sysfsutils[612]: unknown attribute 
module/bluetooth/parameters/disable_ertm ...

Jul 28 07:53:03 amiga5000 sysfsutils[619]:  failed!
[...]

If I manually restart sysfsconf.service it works! Any Idea?

Best Regards,
Christian

Re: encrypt/lvm issue during install.... [WAS: location of screenshots during debian install

[Greg Wooledge]

On Tue, Jul 27, 2021 at 10:05:54PM -0600, Jupiter777 wrote:
> so loop-with-no-exit went like:
> 
> 
> -- installer recognized the disk, OK
> 
> -- did the 1gb /boot ext2 non-encrypted configured , OK   /dev/sda7
> 
> -- 150gb partition, planned to be / with everything in it,
>recognized by installer, OK  /dev/sda6
> 
> -- configured /dev/sda6 to be / and mount-point /  too , OK
> 
> -- went inside the lvm config/manager 
> 
> -- added volume group vg1 off of /dev/sda6 , OK
> 
> -- added logical volume lv1 (inside vg1) , OK

I've never done disk encryption, so I can only speak to the LVM parts
of this.

If you're planning to use LVM for everything except /boot, then your
third and fourth steps above are incorrect.  You don't want to create
a regular root file system on sda6 if you're planning to use sda6 for LVM.

What you want to do instead is:

1) Create your /boot partition + file system as you did.

2) Create a partition to hold the LVM subsystem, but do not mount it.

3) Go into the LVM subsystem, and turn your empty partition into a
   volume group.

4) Create logical volumes within the VG for each file system you want,
   including root.

However, since you were trying to do encryption as well, you should
definitely look for advice from someone who has done that.

Re: Clean install or update

[Reco]

Hi.

On Wed, Jul 28, 2021 at 06:25:50AM -0400, Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> > 2. Force it to use UEFI and not the BIOS & bios-grub
> Again clueless of why you say that.
> Other than some rack server,

Modern x86 servers happen to use UEFI too.
Modern ARM64 servers do it too.

Things are different for POWERs and UltraSPARCs.

> many people if not most of them, will run UEFI

True for x86. Most of the time that's because the manufacturer does not
give such people a choice - it's either UEFI, or CSM (aka BIOS) with
severely reduced functions. How would you like your videocard
functioning only if OS is booted via UEFI, for instance?

False for consumers' ARM and MIPS. With rare exceptions, UEFI is
non-existant there.

> and some system even only use UEFI (Mac for example,

True, although I don't have a personal experience with them.

> Sun machine too).

Clarification needed.

UltraSPARCs (which are true Suns) used and continue to use OBP, which
has nothing in common with UEFI. And it does not really matter which
UltraSPARC it is - Oracle's or Fujustu's.

Solaris x86, which is no true Solaris by any means of course, can be
booted by both BIOS and UEFI, because it uses the same GRUB as Linux
does. Running on x86 applies the same restrictions as discussed above.

Reco

Re: Clean install or update

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi,

On 2021-07-27 5:22 p.m., Gunnar Gervin wrote:
> Polyna,
> I prefer clean install because my old computer often crashes after updating.
Maybe you could share your computer information on the group and I'm
sure many of fellow user will be glad to help you solve your problems.

If it does crash on update then it means it shall be investigated.
Maybe there's some buggy software involved.

> According to my expert friend, Linus Torvalds "user space respect" means
> he asks developers Not to invade / destroy user space; crashing some
> computers
> cos they`re thinking "it`ll work for most users, so we`re going for it".
> 2 ways to crash my computer:
> 
> 1. Force it to use 64 bits not 32 bits.
> 2. Force it to use UEFI and not the BIOS & bios-grub
> 
> I suppose there are many other ways, like new, wrong drivers.
> I wish you a marvellous day of social interactions in love & respect.
> BR,
> geg
> 

-- 
Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
-Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re[2]: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?

[Conrad Pueyo]

Compartir, a escala de que el contingut el tingui només l'usuari, però
que els altres puguin accedir, no. Per això no.
Jo per exemple, el que tinc muntat a casa es:
Tinc una carpeta on tinc una selecció de música pels mòbils de la
família
En ella vaig ficant totes aquelles cançons que ens agraden a tots
En aquest equip tinc el syncthing instal·lat
La finalitat és que, aquesta carpeta, se sincronitzi amb el mòbil
En els mòbils tinc instal·lat també el syncthing
Sempre que poso una cançó nova en el servidor, en aquesta carpeta,
automàticament, es copia a cada mòbil.
Tots tenen el mateix
Es pot configurar perquè un equip només enviï i els altres rebin.
D'aquesta manera, evites possibles problemes d'eliminacions errònies
Com a solució realment alternativa seria el nextcloud / owncloud, o FTP.
Per la raó de que el client no gasta espai en local en tot un contingut
que potser, nomes necessita una part

No sé si m'explicat prou be


Salutacions

-- Mensaje original --
De: "Narcis Garcia" 
Para: debian-user-catalan@lists.debian.org
Enviado: 28/7/2021 11:54:12
Asunto: Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?


Aleshores entenc que el Syncthing va molt bé per a fer la part essencial
del què fa el Nextcloud amb les carpetes d'un mateix (del propi compte
d'accés), però pel què comentes no es podria assignar unes carpetes a un
grup d'usuaris o que un usuari comparteixi alguna cosa seva. Correcte?


El 28/7/21 a les 11:34, Conrad Pueyo ha escrit:

 Crec que el Syncthing tindria mes el proposit de que el client tingui el
 mateix contingut en local que en el servidor. Per aixo no ho veig tan
 viable. Va molt be, la veritat, pero com a replicant de contingut, no
 com per compartir carpetes

 -- Mensaje original --
 De: "fadelkon" mailto:fadel...@posteo.net>>
 Para: debian-user-catalan@lists.debian.org
 ; "Leopold
 Palomo-Avellaneda" mailto:l...@alaxarxa.net>>; "Joan"
 mailto:arboc...@calbasi.net>>
 CC: "Dani PERSONAL" mailto:omeg...@gmx.es>>
 Enviado: 28/7/2021 11:25:44
 Asunto: Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?


 El 28 de juliol de 2021 7:48:25 CEST, Leopold Palomo-Avellaneda
 mailto:l...@alaxarxa.net>> ha escrit:

 Bones!!

 El 27/7/21 a les 19:14, Joan ha escrit:


 Havia pensat en posar un Nextcloud, i donar accés als clients perquè
 vegin els fitxers del seu directori d'usuari, que jo faria

 sincronitzar

 amb la còpia de seguretat. Però no sé si és matar mosques a canonades
 (perquè malgrat que suposo que és factible, Nextcloud està pensat per
 donar moltes altres funcionalitats).


 Nextcloud està molt bé. Jo el tinc a casa de forma domèstica, però no
 sé si és
 l'eina que busques.


 A nextcloud pots habilitar i deshabilitar funcions o "aplicacions",
 com contactes, calendaris, o altres. La bàsica és " files". Tu els
 pots carregar arxius, però per tal que no ho facin servir per a altres
 coses no haurien de tenir usuària.

 En canvi, podries crear una carpeta per cada client propietat d'un
 compte teu, i li generes un enllaç compartit amb contrasenya, només de
 lectura.




 Buscant a veure si hi ha algun soft que faci una mica de "dropbox", o
 sigui una UI per "descarregar/gestionar" fitxers, he caigut en
 Syncthing, però no sé si és l'eina més adequada. De fet, a mi no em
 caldria que les còpies estiguessin actualitzades CADA DIA, tot just

 es

 produeixi el canvi (que és algo que fa el Syncthing, com a mínim per
 defecte). Total, que això igual genera un tràfic massa alt pel que jo
 voldria (que és que de tant en tant, un cop a la setmana o al mes, el
 client pugui descarregar un còpia del seu Moodle).


 Jo a la feina tinc fet una cosa amb el dirvish, que és una meravella,
 senzill i
 pràctic. Després amb sftp es pot accedir als fitxers. sftp té clients
 com per
 exemple el winscp, o amb Linux amb qualsevol gestor de fitxer o amb el
 MacOs amb
 el ciberduck.


 Com a servidor de sftp, jo vaig configurar fa poc un proftpd amb el
 mòdul de sftp habilitat (el de ssh, un sol port) i el ftps
 deshabilitat (que és ftp amb els dos ports per tls).

 Ho he fet per un sistema de backups on cada servidor (client en el teu
 cas) té un usuari unix del servidor de backups i està en el grup
 backups, que està banejat per fer login per ssh, però ha de tenir una
 login shell vàlida per algun motiu. I a la config del proftpd, posant
 "DefaultRoot ~/backups" li dona accés d'escriptura només a la carpeta
 /home/user/backups . M'agrada perquè queda tot compartimentat i les
 configuracions són poques :)

 Salut!
 fdk



 

Libre de virus. www.avast.com
 



 <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2>


--
Narcis Garcia



--
Aquest correu electrònic s'ha verificat mitjançant l'Avast antivirus.

Re: Clean install or update

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi,

On 2021-07-27 5:22 p.m., Gunnar Gervin wrote:
> Polyna,
> I prefer clean install because my old computer often crashes after updating.
If you want to do a clean install every two days because new software
will require you to update your Debian box, then it's your choice. But I
use my system for useful stuff and can't be passing all my time looking
at install screen.

Maybe you confused two thing...

Does a distribution or release update, that is passing from stretch to
buster or buster to bullseye.
There it could be useful to do a clean install but it's a matter of choice.

And doing system update that happens every day.
There it would be pretty much time consuming and somewhat "stupid" to do
a clean install everyday or two.

> According to my expert friend, Linus Torvalds "user space respect" mean> he 
> asks developers Not to invade / destroy user space; crashing some
> computers
If you are friend with Linus Torvalds, then great, we'll all know who to
pass by when we have problem to get answers.

I think what you mean here is making technical choices for the masses
with the idea that most people will prefer one choice and choose this one.

Yes this happens all the time.

But software system that is built properly also test if those choices
are acceptable for the user before using them.

One example would be Debian installer asking if you'd like
one partition
one partition for root and one for home
or do the partitioning yourself.

Would like to get more information on what you mean here, because all of
this is far from clear.

> cos they`re thinking "it`ll work for most users, so we`re going for it".
> 2 ways to crash my computer:
> 
> 1. Force it to use 64 bits not 32 bits.
I have no clue what you are talking about...
Because we've been using 64 bits for the last 10 years or so.
Even more, got a Precision 490 from DELL, date from 2007 and run x64.
And software test if it's possible switching to 64 bit before doing so.
Also, you can't run a 64 bit distro on a 32 bit computer, you'll simply
get a error message. No crash.
Also, if you try to run a 64 bit software inside a 32 bit distro then
you'll get a error message, and if you are good enough to make dpkg
install a 64 bit software on a 32 bit distro then I don't know why you
wouldn't know that it will fail...

> 2. Force it to use UEFI and not the BIOS & bios-grub
Again clueless of why you say that.
Other than some rack server, many people if not most of them, will run
UEFI and some system even only use UEFI (Mac for example, Sun machine too).

> 
> I suppose there are many other ways, like new, wrong drivers.
> I wish you a marvellous day of social interactions in love & respect.
> BR,
> geg
> 

Some simple word, add precision and prevent misunderstanding...
Just saying the word update without context doesn't allow the reader to
understand.

-- 
Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
-Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?

[Narcis Garcia]

Aleshores entenc que el Syncthing va molt bé per a fer la part essencial
del què fa el Nextcloud amb les carpetes d'un mateix (del propi compte
d'accés), però pel què comentes no es podria assignar unes carpetes a un
grup d'usuaris o que un usuari comparteixi alguna cosa seva. Correcte?


El 28/7/21 a les 11:34, Conrad Pueyo ha escrit:
> Crec que el Syncthing tindria mes el proposit de que el client tingui el
> mateix contingut en local que en el servidor. Per aixo no ho veig tan
> viable. Va molt be, la veritat, pero com a replicant de contingut, no
> com per compartir carpetes
> 
> -- Mensaje original --
> De: "fadelkon" mailto:fadel...@posteo.net>>
> Para: debian-user-catalan@lists.debian.org
> ; "Leopold
> Palomo-Avellaneda" mailto:l...@alaxarxa.net>>; "Joan"
> mailto:arboc...@calbasi.net>>
> CC: "Dani PERSONAL" mailto:omeg...@gmx.es>>
> Enviado: 28/7/2021 11:25:44
> Asunto: Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?
> 
>> El 28 de juliol de 2021 7:48:25 CEST, Leopold Palomo-Avellaneda
>> mailto:l...@alaxarxa.net>> ha escrit:
>>> Bones!!
>>>  
>>> El 27/7/21 a les 19:14, Joan ha escrit:
  
 Havia pensat en posar un Nextcloud, i donar accés als clients perquè
 vegin els fitxers del seu directori d'usuari, que jo faria
>>> sincronitzar
 amb la còpia de seguretat. Però no sé si és matar mosques a canonades
 (perquè malgrat que suposo que és factible, Nextcloud està pensat per
 donar moltes altres funcionalitats).
>>>  
>>> Nextcloud està molt bé. Jo el tinc a casa de forma domèstica, però no
>>> sé si és
>>> l'eina que busques.
>>  
>> A nextcloud pots habilitar i deshabilitar funcions o "aplicacions",
>> com contactes, calendaris, o altres. La bàsica és " files". Tu els
>> pots carregar arxius, però per tal que no ho facin servir per a altres
>> coses no haurien de tenir usuària.
>>  
>> En canvi, podries crear una carpeta per cada client propietat d'un
>> compte teu, i li generes un enllaç compartit amb contrasenya, només de
>> lectura.
>>  
>>>  
 Buscant a veure si hi ha algun soft que faci una mica de "dropbox", o
 sigui una UI per "descarregar/gestionar" fitxers, he caigut en
 Syncthing, però no sé si és l'eina més adequada. De fet, a mi no em
 caldria que les còpies estiguessin actualitzades CADA DIA, tot just
>>> es
 produeixi el canvi (que és algo que fa el Syncthing, com a mínim per
 defecte). Total, que això igual genera un tràfic massa alt pel que jo
 voldria (que és que de tant en tant, un cop a la setmana o al mes, el
 client pugui descarregar un còpia del seu Moodle).
>>>  
>>> Jo a la feina tinc fet una cosa amb el dirvish, que és una meravella,
>>> senzill i
>>> pràctic. Després amb sftp es pot accedir als fitxers. sftp té clients
>>> com per
>>> exemple el winscp, o amb Linux amb qualsevol gestor de fitxer o amb el
>>> MacOs amb
>>> el ciberduck.
>>  
>> Com a servidor de sftp, jo vaig configurar fa poc un proftpd amb el
>> mòdul de sftp habilitat (el de ssh, un sol port) i el ftps
>> deshabilitat (que és ftp amb els dos ports per tls).
>>  
>> Ho he fet per un sistema de backups on cada servidor (client en el teu
>> cas) té un usuari unix del servidor de backups i està en el grup
>> backups, que està banejat per fer login per ssh, però ha de tenir una
>> login shell vàlida per algun motiu. I a la config del proftpd, posant
>> "DefaultRoot ~/backups" li dona accés d'escriptura només a la carpeta
>> /home/user/backups . M'agrada perquè queda tot compartimentat i les
>> configuracions són poques :)
>>  
>> Salut!
>> fdk
>>  
> 
> 
>   Libre de virus. www.avast.com
> 
> 
> 
> <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2>

-- 
Narcis Garcia

Re: Debmirror

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi,

On 2021-07-27 10:45 a.m., Gunnar Gervin wrote:
> Just a Linux advice/s I read 10years ago + -.
Time goes by and things change.
Advice from 10 years ago can even be bad when applied today.

I used to create multiple partitions that were needed years ago. But by
doing so today, I don't gain much and just add problems.

And this also apply to other things too...

Today's there is enough processing power that encrypting a disk doesn't
put a overhead that will make your system much slower. This wasn't true
10 years ago. So if I follow what was done 10 years ago, I'll be
restraining from encrypting my disk for the laptop. And this may cause
me more problem because today's market for stolen data is very big when
compared to 2010...

> It probably don't apply to experienced users. 
> That advisable to backup to external device, & do install from newest
> distro release. 
> Why is that a non-sense?
> Seems logical to me. A newbie.
Yes, may seem logical to you a "newbie" and there's no danger of doing a
backup.

But if you read what I was talking about...
First you it was a really different context than doing a system update.
I wasn't even talking about doing the update yet, but only knowing
what's available.
2nd, I was talking about updating the list of software available and
receiving the new version, so the package manager knows which one have
gotten new release out.
3rd, This type of check if done everyday and package installation are
also done at the same time (can be done in automatic fashion).

Don't you think it would be somewhat painful for a server operator to
backup his whole system everyday only for this purpose ? Because yes,
most server have the backup of user data and program data done everyday.
But what you seem to talk about was doing a backup by hand.

Like I said earlier, time goes by and evolves...

> Not even sure what "cache" means/definition of it.
Could be useful to learn what the word means before going into answering
question or ask people what's the context.
You'll save your time and also get a chance to learn.

> Temporary storage?
Mostly mean to store some frequently accessed data at a place where it's
faster to get it.
In this situation, the list of package available is stored in
/var/cache/apt instead of reading off the network each time it is needed.

Can also apply to your computer processor, 1st and 2nd level (even 3d
level) cache. A special part of the processor that has really fast
memory and keep data frequently used.

Your browser has a cache to keep some image of website you frequently
visit so it doesn't need to download them every time you load the page
(save some time).

In computing, word goes in hand with context to make sense...

If you'd have took a minute to do a search on Google for "apt cache
update" you'd have gotten many answers on Stackoverflow that would have
gave you the context for this type of cache.

Just a hint.

It comes with time.

Hope this help you somehow.

Sincerely,

> Geg
> 
> 
> On Sun, 25 Jul 2021, 16:37 Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside,
> mailto:deb...@polynamaude.com>> wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
> On 2021-07-25 3:42 a.m., Gunnar Gervin wrote:
> > Polyna.
> > I always have heard it's better to put all documents, files,
> photos etc
> > in a usb or external harddisk. And do a clean reinstall of the updated
> > distro.
> Can you explain a bit further... ?
> 
> If I follow what I read in your message...
> You are telling me that :
> It is recommended to backup user's personal data
> Do a clean reinstall
> When Debian publishes update ?
> 
> What type of update ?
> Point release ?
> Release ?
> 
> This look pretty heavy to me...and sounds much more like something that
> is done on the Windows world.
> 
> Why would it be needed to do a clean reinstall ?
> If you work properly and don't litter around then everything in your
> system is registered as file in the package manager and the
> configuration are preserved thru configuration file litigation (ask you
> what to do when a config file has been changed from default).
> 
> Would you have the reference regarding this ?
> 
> Are talking about clean the apt cache before doing upgrade ?
> 
> Explain more because this smell like non-sense to me.
> > BR,
> > geg
> >
> > On Sun, 25 Jul 2021, 04:41 Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside,
> > mailto:deb...@polynamaude.com>
> >> wrote:
> >
> >     Hi,
> >
> >     On 2021-07-24 9:33 p.m., David Wright wrote:
> >     > On Sat 24 Jul 2021 at 19:52:36 (-0400), Polyna-Maude
> >     Racicot-Summerside wrote:
> >     >> Here are the message I get after my debmirror when I do apt-get
> >     update
> >     >>
> >     >> Err:31 file:/mnt/mirror/debian buster-updates/main amd64
> Contents
> >     (deb)
> >     >>   File not found -
> >     

Re: Signatures digitals per una ILP (la del Montseny, però podria ser qualsevol altra)

[Narcis Garcia]

[mode ironia ON]

Que s'utilitzin les eines i protocols de la UE és molt armoniós, però
antieconòmic i no respecta la diversitat cultural.
Que cada estat, o fins i tot cada comunitat o municipi, elabori el seu
propi sistema desenvolupa un fet diferencial que incrementa les
relacions locals. A més, si s'externalitza el desenvolupament, es
contracten empreses «locals» que creen llocs de treball, i així el
pressupost es gasta en reactivar l'economia d'uns quants.

Aquí tenim IdCat, híbrids per a mòbil, certificats (possiblement x.509)
de diversos emissors, i una bona promoció de l'esport d'anar i tornar a
diferents finestretes per a saber si ho has fet bé o no.

Amb això de les consultes o ILP, a més a més, la falta d'harmonització
permet que, si una moguda és confusa, no n'hi hagi prou amb aplicar una
«regla general» o les resolucions d'un tribunal clar, sinó que es pugui
escombrar cap aquí o cap allà segons el bon criteri de la política local.

[mode sarcasme OFF]


El 27/7/21 a les 21:19, Joan ha escrit:
> Bones,
> 
> El Parlament de Catalunya, al que això de la digitalització li sonava a
> xino, ara, com a requeriment a un escrit d'Ecologistes en acció, ha
> obert la possibilitat de recollir signatures digitals per les seves
> Iniciatives Legislatives Populars.
> 
> Us adjunto el document de resposta, a on especifica els requisits
> tècnics. Bàsicament un format XML i cap indicació del que entenen com
> una signatura electrònica ni cap eina pròpia per gestionar el tema.
> 
> A la Unió Europea, en canvi, tenen el seu propi sistema, gratuït i a
> disposició de la ciutadania:
> 
> https://europa.eu/citizens-initiative/online-collection-system_es
> 
> Llavors, a part de la reflexió de que poc els costaria als del
> parlament adaptar el programari europeu per al seu us a casa nostra
> (per a què tenim departaments, idescats, funcionaris i pressupost??),
> em preguntava si algú altre ja s'ha trobat amb això en altres ILP, aquí
> o a Espanya, i s'ha avançat en algun sistema de codi obert que pugui
> usar-se per les diferents ILP que vagin sortint. O sigui, ja que
> l'administració catalana no fa els mínims raonables, que sigui la
> societat civil (i concretament la comunitat de programari lliure) que
> hagi fet alguna cosa en aquesta línia. En teniu algun coneixement? Us
> sona?
> 
> No tinc tampoc massa idea de si és un tema molt complex, o no, la
> implementació d'aquests certificats en un formulari web, per acceptar
> dni electrònic, certificat de l fnmt, etc.
> 
> D'altra banda hi ha una eina d'Adobe, que possiblement significa, en
> molt el tema:
> 
> https://acrobat.adobe.com/es/es/sign/electronic-signatures.html
> 
> I penso que potser la manera d'encarar-ho "per fer-ho fàcil", tot i que
> no em mola massa usar eines que no siguin de programari lliure. Li
> veig, també, l'avantatge, que a nivell d'usabilitat, lo dels
> certificats digitals sempre és molt més complicat que el tema de fer un
> garabato en una pantalla tàctil o amb el ratolí de l'ordinador...
> 
> En fi, us agrairé qualsevol orientació o punt de vista al respecte ;-)
> 
> Pd.: perdoneu el cross-posting :-)
> 

-- 
Narcis Garcia

Re[2]: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?

[Conrad Pueyo]

Crec que el Syncthing tindria mes el proposit de que el client tingui el
mateix contingut en local que en el servidor. Per aixo no ho veig tan
viable. Va molt be, la veritat, pero com a replicant de contingut, no
com per compartir carpetes

-- Mensaje original --
De: "fadelkon" 
Para: debian-user-catalan@lists.debian.org; "Leopold Palomo-Avellaneda"
; "Joan" 
CC: "Dani PERSONAL" 
Enviado: 28/7/2021 11:25:44
Asunto: Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?


El 28 de juliol de 2021 7:48:25 CEST, Leopold Palomo-Avellaneda 
 ha escrit:

Bones!!

El 27/7/21 a les 19:14, Joan ha escrit:


 Havia pensat en posar un Nextcloud, i donar accés als clients perquè
 vegin els fitxers del seu directori d'usuari, que jo faria

sincronitzar

 amb la còpia de seguretat. Però no sé si és matar mosques a canonades
 (perquè malgrat que suposo que és factible, Nextcloud està pensat per
 donar moltes altres funcionalitats).


Nextcloud està molt bé. Jo el tinc a casa de forma domèstica, però no
sé si és
l'eina que busques.


A nextcloud pots habilitar i deshabilitar funcions o "aplicacions", com contactes, 
calendaris, o altres. La bàsica és " files". Tu els pots carregar arxius, però per tal 
que no ho facin servir per a altres coses no haurien de tenir usuària.

En canvi, podries crear una carpeta per cada client propietat d'un compte teu, 
i li generes un enllaç compartit amb contrasenya, només de lectura.




 Buscant a veure si hi ha algun soft que faci una mica de "dropbox", o
 sigui una UI per "descarregar/gestionar" fitxers, he caigut en
 Syncthing, però no sé si és l'eina més adequada. De fet, a mi no em
 caldria que les còpies estiguessin actualitzades CADA DIA, tot just

es

 produeixi el canvi (que és algo que fa el Syncthing, com a mínim per
 defecte). Total, que això igual genera un tràfic massa alt pel que jo
 voldria (que és que de tant en tant, un cop a la setmana o al mes, el
 client pugui descarregar un còpia del seu Moodle).


Jo a la feina tinc fet una cosa amb el dirvish, que és una meravella,
senzill i
pràctic. Després amb sftp es pot accedir als fitxers. sftp té clients
com per
exemple el winscp, o amb Linux amb qualsevol gestor de fitxer o amb el
MacOs amb
el ciberduck.


Com a servidor de sftp, jo vaig configurar fa poc un proftpd amb el mòdul de 
sftp habilitat (el de ssh, un sol port) i el ftps deshabilitat (que és ftp amb 
els dos ports per tls).

Ho he fet per un sistema de backups on cada servidor (client en el teu cas) té un usuari 
unix del servidor de backups i està en el grup backups, que està banejat per fer login 
per ssh, però ha de tenir una login shell vàlida per algun motiu. I a la config del 
proftpd, posant "DefaultRoot ~/backups" li dona accés d'escriptura només a la 
carpeta /home/user/backups . M'agrada perquè queda tot compartimentat i les 
configuracions són poques :)

Salut!
fdk



--
Aquest correu electrònic s'ha verificat mitjançant l'Avast antivirus.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?

[fadelkon]

El 28 de juliol de 2021 7:48:25 CEST, Leopold Palomo-Avellaneda 
 ha escrit:
>Bones!!
>
>El 27/7/21 a les 19:14, Joan ha escrit:
>> 
>> Havia pensat en posar un Nextcloud, i donar accés als clients perquè
>> vegin els fitxers del seu directori d'usuari, que jo faria
>sincronitzar
>> amb la còpia de seguretat. Però no sé si és matar mosques a canonades
>> (perquè malgrat que suposo que és factible, Nextcloud està pensat per
>> donar moltes altres funcionalitats).
>
>Nextcloud està molt bé. Jo el tinc a casa de forma domèstica, però no
>sé si és 
>l'eina que busques.

A nextcloud pots habilitar i deshabilitar funcions o "aplicacions", com 
contactes, calendaris, o altres. La bàsica és " files". Tu els pots carregar 
arxius, però per tal que no ho facin servir per a altres coses no haurien de 
tenir usuària.

En canvi, podries crear una carpeta per cada client propietat d'un compte teu, 
i li generes un enllaç compartit amb contrasenya, només de lectura.

>
>> Buscant a veure si hi ha algun soft que faci una mica de "dropbox", o
>> sigui una UI per "descarregar/gestionar" fitxers, he caigut en
>> Syncthing, però no sé si és l'eina més adequada. De fet, a mi no em
>> caldria que les còpies estiguessin actualitzades CADA DIA, tot just
>es
>> produeixi el canvi (que és algo que fa el Syncthing, com a mínim per
>> defecte). Total, que això igual genera un tràfic massa alt pel que jo
>> voldria (que és que de tant en tant, un cop a la setmana o al mes, el
>> client pugui descarregar un còpia del seu Moodle).
>
>Jo a la feina tinc fet una cosa amb el dirvish, que és una meravella,
>senzill i 
>pràctic. Després amb sftp es pot accedir als fitxers. sftp té clients
>com per 
>exemple el winscp, o amb Linux amb qualsevol gestor de fitxer o amb el
>MacOs amb 
>el ciberduck.

Com a servidor de sftp, jo vaig configurar fa poc un proftpd amb el mòdul de 
sftp habilitat (el de ssh, un sol port) i el ftps deshabilitat (que és ftp amb 
els dos ports per tls).

Ho he fet per un sistema de backups on cada servidor (client en el teu cas) té 
un usuari unix del servidor de backups i està en el grup backups, que està 
banejat per fer login per ssh, però ha de tenir una login shell vàlida per 
algun motiu. I a la config del proftpd, posant "DefaultRoot ~/backups" li dona 
accés d'escriptura només a la carpeta /home/user/backups . M'agrada perquè 
queda tot compartimentat i les configuracions són poques :)

Salut!
fdk

Re: Alternativa lliure a Dropbox/Dribe: syncthing? nextcloud?

[Narcis Garcia]

Tinc experiència amb NextCloud, que utilitza WebDAV com a protocol.
NextCloud funciona a base d'extensions, de manera que el pots deixar
bastant «pelat» per a què només es dediqui a la sincronització de carpetes.
El servei de Nextcloud es pot instal·lar com una aplicació web qualsevol.

Veig que a Debian hi ha paquets per a escriptori tant de Nextcloud com
de Syncthing. M'agradaria llegir opinions de qui hagi treballat amb
Syncthing, perquè no sé si té els mateixos avantatges que Nextcloud, o
més o el què.

Coma a alternativa a això, per a compartir carpetes en línia i sense
còpia, sempre he utilitzat sshfs amb l'assistent «aumonet». Amb això,
els gigabytes no estan replicats a cada equip, la configuració al
servidor és escassa, però per Internet por anar lent si s'utilitza
telefonia mòbil.

Narcís.


El 27/7/21 a les 19:14, Joan ha escrit:
> Bones,
> 
> Voldria trobar una alternativa perquè un client tingui accés a les
> seves còpies de seguretat d'un campus de Moodle de manera "fàcil" (per
> usuaris no tècnics).
> 
> Inicialment per no complicar-me la vida, havia tirat de Google Drive,
> fent que el meu servidor de còpies de seguretat sincronitzi amb el
> Drive la darrera còpia.
> 
> Però resulta que, a part d'altres incomoditats i el tema d'usar GAFAMs,
> el compte gratuit te una capacitat de 15Gb, que queda curta.
> 
> Llavors, ja posats a fer algo que tingui un cost (un compte de pagament
> de Drive), estic pensant en alternatives lliures (que a més podria
> aprofitar per tots els meus clients, que usen el mateix servidor de
> còpies de seguretat, una debian).
> 
> Havia pensat en posar un Nextcloud, i donar accés als clients perquè
> vegin els fitxers del seu directori d'usuari, que jo faria sincronitzar
> amb la còpia de seguretat. Però no sé si és matar mosques a canonades
> (perquè malgrat que suposo que és factible, Nextcloud està pensat per
> donar moltes altres funcionalitats).
> 
> Buscant a veure si hi ha algun soft que faci una mica de "dropbox", o
> sigui una UI per "descarregar/gestionar" fitxers, he caigut en
> Syncthing, però no sé si és l'eina més adequada. De fet, a mi no em
> caldria que les còpies estiguessin actualitzades CADA DIA, tot just es
> produeixi el canvi (que és algo que fa el Syncthing, com a mínim per
> defecte). Total, que això igual genera un tràfic massa alt pel que jo
> voldria (que és que de tant en tant, un cop a la setmana o al mes, el
> client pugui descarregar un còpia del seu Moodle).
> 
> Potser en comptes de tantes voltes el que es podria fer és, simplement,
> configurar un client de FTP, tipus Filezilla, perquè el client es pugui
> descarregar la còpia. En definitiva en temes com Syncthing també cal
> configurar l'ordinador "client". Això era una sol·lució que no em
> convencia tant, perquè cada cop que al client li facin canvis al seu
> ordinador, li substitueixin, cal tornar a configurar-li el seu equip.
> 
> Com ho veieu?
> 
> Fins ara,
> 

-- 
Narcis Garcia

Re: Phone

[Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside]

Hi,

On 2021-07-27 10:01 a.m., Curt wrote:
> On 2021-07-26, Charlie  wrote:
>>
>>  On Sun, 25 Jul 2021 19:49:37 +0100 Joe Informed me about Re:
>>  Phone
>>
>>> On Sun, 25 Jul 2021 16:57:04 +0300
>>> Gunnar Gervin  wrote:
>>>
 Will buy phone zoon, then play with this android for fun & learn.  
>>>
>>> Please comment here on your findings. Perhaps it is just me who thinks
>>> they are toys.
>>>
>>> -- 
>>> Joe
>>>
>> +1
>>
> 
> The fundamental irony here is that you people are such elitist snobs.
> 
I can only support what you said here.
I think next step will be to build a Leica type computer... Oh yes, it's
called Apple... But no it's not because Leica work great...
> 
> 

-- 
Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
-Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature