Re: deep impact
The Deep Impact project has a program for small telescopes around the world to assist in the project. Lots of information on the program and times of impact, ephemerides, etc. at http://deepimpact.umd.edu/stsp/ -John On Feb 17, 2005, at 10:42 AM, Z wrote: x-tad-biggerI know that this off topic, but I have been having a bit of dificulty finding actual possible viewing times and locations for observing the Deep Impact impact from earth. The closest that I have heard is July 4th. If anyone knows better specifics I would be much appreciative, as well as any other observers on this list./x-tad-bigger John Day Inspace Systems
RE: deep impact
thank you very much. I appreciate the link. -Original Message-From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]On Behalf Of John DaySent: Thursday, February 17, 2005 1:57 PMTo: europa@klx.comSubject: Re: deep impactThe Deep Impact project has a program for small telescopes around the world to assist in the project. Lots of information on the program and times of impact, ephemerides, etc. at http://deepimpact.umd.edu/stsp/-JohnOn Feb 17, 2005, at 10:42 AM, Z wrote: I know that this off topic, but I have been having a bit of dificulty finding actual possible viewing times and locations for observing the Deep Impact impact from earth. The closest that I have heard is July 4th. If anyone knows better specifics I would be much appreciative, as well as any other observers on this list.John DayInspace Systems
Re: deep impact
remove - Original Message - From: Z To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Com Sent: Thursday, February 17, 2005 1:42 PM Subject: deep impact I know that this off topic, but I have been having a bit of dificulty finding actual possible viewing times and locations for observing the Deep Impact impact from earth. The closest that I have heard is July 4th. If anyone knows better specifics I would be much appreciative, as well as any other observers on this list. TechTool.gif
Re: deep impact
remove - Original Message - From: Z To: europa@klx.com Sent: Thursday, February 17, 2005 2:27 PM Subject: RE: deep impact thank you very much. I appreciate the link. -Original Message-From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]On Behalf Of John DaySent: Thursday, February 17, 2005 1:57 PMTo: europa@klx.comSubject: Re: deep impactThe Deep Impact project has a program for small telescopes around the world to assist in the project. Lots of information on the program and times of impact, ephemerides, etc. at http://deepimpact.umd.edu/stsp/-JohnOn Feb 17, 2005, at 10:42 AM, Z wrote: I know that this off topic, but I have been having a bit of dificulty finding actual possible viewing times and locations for observing the Deep Impact impact from earth. The closest that I have heard is July 4th. If anyone knows better specifics I would be much appreciative, as well as any other observers on this list.John DayInspace Systems
Re: deep impact
remove - Original Message - From: John Day To: europa@klx.com Sent: Thursday, February 17, 2005 1:57 PM Subject: Re: deep impact The Deep Impact project has a program for small telescopes around the world to assist in the project. Lots of information on the program and times of impact, ephemerides, etc. at http://deepimpact.umd.edu/stsp/-JohnOn Feb 17, 2005, at 10:42 AM, Z wrote: I know that this off topic, but I have been having a bit of dificulty finding actual possible viewing times and locations for observing the Deep Impact impact from earth. The closest that I have heard is July 4th. If anyone knows better specifics I would be much appreciative, as well as any other observers on this list.John DayInspace Systems
Fw: Deep Impact Launched and Flying Toward Date With a Comet
- Original Message - From: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 8:06 PM Subject: Deep Impact Launched and Flying Toward Date With a Comet DC Agle (818) 393-9011 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Dolores Beasley (202) 358-1753 NASA Headquarters, Washington George H. Diller (321) 867-2468Kennedy Space Center, Fla. News Release: 2005-015 January 12, 2005 Deep Impact Launched and Flying Toward Date With a CometNASA's Deep Impact spacecraft began its 431 million kilometer (268 million mile) journey to comet Tempel 1 today at 1:47:08 p.m. EST.Data received from the spacecraft indicate it has deployed and locked its solar panels, is receiving power and achieved proper orientation in space. Data also indicate the spacecraft has placed itself in a safe mode and is awaiting further commands from Earth.Deep Impact mission managers are examining data returns from the mission. Further updates on the mission will be postedtohttp://www.nasa.gov/deepimpactandhttp://deepimpact.jpl.nasa.gov/ . Deep Impact is comprised of two parts, a "fly-by" spacecraft and a smaller "impactor." The impactor will be released into the comet's path for a planned collision on July 4. The crater produced by the impactor is expected to be up to the size of a football stadium and two to 14 stories deep. Ice and dust debris will be ejected from the crater, revealing the material beneath. The fly-by spacecraft will observe the effects of the collision. NASA's Hubble, Spitzer and Chandra space telescopes, and other telescopes on Earth, will also observe the collision. Comets are time capsules that hold clues about the formation and evolution of the Solar System. They are composed of ice, gas and dust, primitive debris from the Solar System's distant and coldest regions that formed 4.5 billion years ago.The management of the Deep Impact launch was the responsibility of NASA's Kennedy Space Center, Fla. Deep Impact was launched from Pad 17-B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. Delta II launch service was provided by Boeing Expendable Launch Systems, Huntington Beach, Calif. The spacecraft was built for NASA by Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corporation, Boulder, Colo. Deep Impact project management is by JPL.For more information about the mission on the Internet, visit http://www.nasa.gov/deepimpact or http://deepimpact.jpl.nasa.gov/ . For information about NASA and other agency programs, visithttp://www.nasa.gov . -end-
Fw: DEEP IMPACT PRELAUNCH WEBCAST, LAUNCH COVERAGE SET FOR JAN. 10-12
- Original Message - From: KSC News Center To: KSC News Center Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2005 8:31 AM Subject: DEEP IMPACT PRELAUNCH WEBCAST, LAUNCH COVERAGE SET FOR JAN. 10-12 01.05.05Bruce Buckingham Kennedy Space Center, Fla. 321/867-2468 RELEASE: 03-05DEEP IMPACT PRELAUNCH WEBCAST, LAUNCH COVERAGE SET FOR JAN. 10-12NASA Direct, NASA Kennedy Space Center's Web broadcast network, is featuring a prelaunch webcast and launch day coverage of NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft. The launch is set for Wednesday, Jan. 12, with an instantaneous launch opportunity at 1:48 p.m. EST. All coverage can be viewed through the NASA portal Web site at http://www.nasa.gov/deepimpact. Web coverage of the Deep Impact mission begins with a prelaunch webcast discussing the mission's journey to the Tempel 1 comet at 2:30 p.m. EST on Monday, Jan. 10. The webcast includes informative interviews and question-and-answer sessions with NASA experts about the spacecraft, the science of the mission and what they hope to learn from the impact with the comet. Live launch coverage begins at 11:30 a.m. EST on Jan. 12. NASA updates its Virtual Launch Control Center throughout launch countdown coverage. Deep Impact Prelaunch Webcast Participants Tiffany Nail, KSC Launch Services support specialist, hosts the program focusing on Deep Impact's science and technology. Mike Stelzer, Launch Services Program mission integration manager at Kennedy Space Center, provides an overview of the integration of the launch vehicle and spacecraft. He is joined by Tom Shaw, launch vehicle integration manager at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. Joel Tumbiolo, Delta weather officer, offers a briefing on the weather conditions surrounding the launch. Omar Baez, NASA launch manager, provides a launch countdown overview. Dr. Lucy McFadden, Professor of Astronomy at the University of Maryland, gives an overview of the mission and the science it involves. DEEP IMPACT WEB COVERAGE SCHEDULE (All times are EST and subject to change) Monday, Jan. 10, at 2:30 p.m. EST NASA Direct webcast: "Deep Impact - Mission to a Comet" http://www.nasa.gov/missions/highlights/nasadirect.htmlNASA Direct Question Board: Program guests will answer questions submitted on the board, which can be viewed online. Deep Impact Science and Spacecraft: http://webcast.ksc.nasa.gov/vidapp/?event=48 NOTE: The Deep Impact question board closes at 2 p.m. on Friday, Jan. 7. Launch Day (Wednesday, Jan. 12) beginning at 11:30 a.m. EST Live countdown coverage from the Virtual Launch Control Center, located at http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/deepimpact/launch/vlcc.html. Coverage will feature real-time updates as milestones occur during the countdown, as well as streaming video clips of countdown events. All videos are provided in Real Video format. For the latest information on this mission, go to NASA's Deep Impact Web site at: http://www.nasa.gov/deepimpact For more information about the Deep Impact Web events, contact Dennis Armstrong at 321/867-2468.-end-To subscribe to the list, send a message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED]To remove your address from the list, send a message to:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Fw: DEEP IMPACT SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING ABOARD DELTA II JAN. 12
- Original Message - From: KSC News Center To: KSC News Center Sent: Wednesday, January 05, 2005 5:31 PM Subject: DEEP IMPACT SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING ABOARD DELTA II JAN. 12 01.05.05Dolores Beasley Headquarters, Washington (Phone: 202/358-1753) Bruce Buckingham Kennedy Space Center, Fla. (Phone: 321/867-2468) D.C. Agle Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Calif. (Phone: 818/393-9011) MEDIA ADVISORY: 02-05DEEP IMPACT SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING ABOARD DELTA II JAN. 12Launch of NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft is scheduled for Jan. 12, 2005, at about 1:48 p.m. EST. Liftoff will occur aboard a Boeing Delta II rocket from Pad 17-B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. On July 4, 2005, the Deep Impact spacecraft will arrive at Comet Tempel 1.Comets are time capsules that hold clues about the formation and evolution of the Solar System. They are composed of ice, gas and dust, primitive debris from the Solar System's distant and coldest regions that formed 4.5 billion years ago. Deep Impact is comprised of two parts, a "fly-by" spacecraft and a smaller "impactor" to be released into the comet's path for a planned collision. On impact, the crater produced by the impactor is expected to range in size from that of a house to that of a football field and will be from two to fourteen stories deep. Ice and dust debris will be ejected from the crater, revealing the material beneath. The effects of the collision with the comet will be observed by the fly-by spacecraft, the Hubble, Spitzer and Chandra great observatories, and by telescopes on Earth. Results from the mission will lead to a better understanding of comets and the Solar System's formation. Prelaunch Press ConferenceThe prelaunch press conference will be held at the NASA News Center at KSC on Tuesday, Jan. 11, at 1 p.m. EST. Participating in the briefing will be:Orlando Figueroa, Director, Solar System Exploration DivisionNASA Headquarters, WashingtonOmar Baez, NASA Launch Director/NASA Launch ManagerKennedy Space Center, Fla.Kris Walsh, Director of NASA ProgramsBoeing Expendable Launch Systems, Huntington Beach, Calif. Rick Grammier, Deep Impact Project ManagerJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.Monte Henderson, Deputy Program ManagerBall Aerospace Technologies Corporation, Boulder, Colo.Joel Tumbiolo, USAF Delta II Launch Weather Officer45th Weather Squadron, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla.Deep Impact Mission Science BriefingA mission science briefing will immediately follow the prelaunch press conference. Participating will be:Dr. Tom Morgan, Deep Impact Program ScientistNASA Headquarters, WashingtonDr. Mike A'Hearn, Deep Impact Principal InvestigatorUniversity of MarylandDr. Don Yeomans, Co-InvestigatorJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.Dr. Lucy McFadden, Co-InvestigatorUniversity of MarylandNo post-launch press conference will be held. A post-launch release will be issued with details on the state of health of Deep Impact after spacecraft data is received through the Deep Space Network. This release is expected to be issued approximately two hours after launch. Accreditation and Media Access Badges for KSCThose who need press accreditation and access badges to the Kennedy Space Center to cover the Deep Impact prelaunch press conference and mission science briefing may do the accreditation process via the Web by going to: https://media.ksc.nasa.gov/Media may also send a letter of request on news organization letterhead to the NASA KSC News Center. Include the names and Social Security numbers, birth dates, nationality and country of citizenship of those who require accreditation. Letters should be faxed to 321-867-2692 or may be addressed to:Deep Impact Launch AccreditationNASA XA-EKennedy Space Center, FL 32899All accreditation for the Deep Impact prelaunch press conference and mission science briefing to be held at the KSC press site must be received by the close of business on Monday, Jan. 10. Media may obtain their NASA access badge at the Pass and Identification Building, the badging station located on State Road 405 just east of U.S. 1. Contact the NASA News Center at 321-867-2468 for further information. Remote Camera Placement at Complex 17Tuesday, Dec. 11: Photographers who wish to set up remote cameras at the Delta launch complex will be escorted by a Boeing representative to Pad 17-B. Departure will be at 9 a.m. from the Gate 1 Pass and Identification Building located on State Road 401 outside Gate 1 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Tower Rollback Photo Opportunity at Complex 17Wednesday, Jan. 12: There will be an opportunity to observe rollback of the mobile service tower from around the Deep Impact/Delta II launch vehicle at Pad 17-B. Media will depart at 5 a.m. by government bus from the Gate 1 Pass and Identification Building on State Road 401 outside Gate 1 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Press credentials and identificat
Fw: Deep Impact launch delayed into 2005 / Breathtaking picture from Cassini
- Original Message - From: NewsAlert To: Newsalert Sent: Wednesday, November 24, 2004 4:01 PM Subject: Deep Impact launch delayed into 2005 / Breathtaking picture from Cassini NEWSALERT: Wednesday, November 24, 2004 @ 2102 GMT - The latest news from Astronomy Now and Spaceflight Now + DO YOUR HOLIDAY SHOPPING ONLINE! + VISIT OUR STORE FOR THE LATEST SPACE-RELATED COLLECTIBLES http://astronomynowstore.comDEEP IMPACT LAUNCH POSTPONED MORE THAN A WEEK-Launch of NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft that will blast a small projectileinto the heart of Comet Tempel 1 has been delayed from December 30 to giveengineers more time to complete pre-flight work on mission software, thespace agency announced today. http://spaceflightnow.com/delta/d311/041124delay.htmlBREATHTAKING VISTA OF TETHYSThis dazzling view from Cassini looks beyond gigantic storms near Saturn'ssouth pole to the small but clear disc of Tethys. Clouds and ribbons ofgas swirl about in the planet's atmosphere in the foreground, while atremendous chasm is visible on the icy moon. http://spaceflightnow.com/cassini/041123tethys.htmlCASSINI IMAGE SHOWS SATURN MOON WITH A REAL SHINER--Saturn's moon Rhea shows off the moon equivalent of a black eye -- abright, rayed crater near its eastern limb -- in this picture from theCassini mission released Monday. Rhea is about half the size of Earth'smoon. http://spaceflightnow.com/cassini/041122rhea.htmlCOUNTDOWN DRESS REHEARSAL A SUCCESS FOR ATLAS 5 ROCKET--Lockheed Martin's next Atlas 5 rocket and its Cape Canaveral launch teamcompleted a major test Tuesday in preparation for next month's liftoff todeliver a commercial communications satellite into space. http://spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av005/041123wdr.html--- A DIGITAL RECORD OF SPACE HISTORYVisit the Astronomy Now Store for a full listing of space DVD discs. New digital transfers offer the ultimate record of the Apollo Moon landings. U.S. Store: http://www.astronomynowstore.com/us/catalog/ Worldwide Store: http://spaceflightnow.com/wwstore/video/---AOL USERS-The links below make it easier for AOL users to reach our stories.a href="">DEEP' href=''>http://spaceflightnow.com/delta/d311/041124delay.html"DEEP IMPACT LAUNCH POSTPONED MORE THAN A WEEK/aa href="">BREATHTAKING' href=''>http://spaceflightnow.com/cassini/041123tethys.html"BREATHTAKING VISTA OF TETHYS/aa href="">CASSINI' href=''>http://spaceflightnow.com/cassini/041122rhea.html"CASSINI IMAGE SHOWS SATURN MOON WITH A REAL SHINER/aa href="">COUNTDOWN' href=''>http://spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av005/041123wdr.html"COUNTDOWN DRESS REHEARSAL A SUCCESS FOR ATLAS 5 ROCKET/aa href="">astronomy/' href=''>http://astronomynowstorecom"ASTRONOMY NOW STORE/a
Deep News - Deep Impact Newsletter 1
Welcome to the nearly 7,000 of you who have told us you want to know more about the Deep Impact mission. We are currently in Phase C/D. During this 34-month period, the twin spacecraft - the projectile impactor and the observing flyby spacecraft, and their science instruments are being built and the software that will drive them is being designed and tested. All factors will work together to make this the first mission to look deep beneath the surface of a comet. For more about the mission, visit the Deep Impact web site at http://deepimpact.jpl.nasa.gov or http://deepimpact.umd.edu. http://deepimpact.umd.edu/newsletter/index.html
Fw: New Launch Date for Deep Impact
- Original Message - From: Deep Impact Project Sent: Thursday, April 03, 2003 5:44 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: New Launch Date for Deep Impact http://deepimpact.jpl.nasa.gov/New Launch Date for Deep ImpactDeep Impact ProjectApril 1, 2003A new launch window is announced for the Deep Impact project, the first mission to look deep inside a comet. Technical and management issues, including contamination in the propulsion system and late deliveries of key spacecraft components, resulted in delays in the pre-flight testing schedule. These concerns led Deep Impact Principal Investigator, Mike A'Hearn, to recommend to NASA a delay of launch. A launch window beginning December 30, 2004, previously identified as a back-up date, provides more thorough testing for the spacecraft systems before launch and allows the spacecraft to arrive at Comet Tempel 1 to impact it as originally scheduled on July, 4, 2005. NASA management approved the recommendation.Old Trajectory Diagram:http://deepimpact.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/jpg/traj_old_color.jpgNew Trajectory Diagram:http://deepimpact.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/jpg/traj_new_color.jpgDeep Impact will be the first mission to make a spectacular, football-stadium-sized crater, seven to 15 stories deep, into the speeding comet. Dramatic images from both the flyby spacecraft and the impactor will be sent back to distant Earth as data in near-realtime. These first-ever views deep beneath a comet's surface, and additional scientific measurements will provide clues to the formation of the solar system. Amateur astronomers will combine efforts with astronomers at larger telescopes to offer the public an earth-based look at this incredible July 2005 encounter with a comet.
Re: NASA Gives Go-Ahead to Build 'Deep Impact' Spacecraft
I just read NASA's notes about the effect of the impact, but still wonder if the impact crater could further alter the comet's orbit by exposing volatile ice and acting like a little engine as it nears the sun. It also seems that comets are so brittle that such an impact could fracture large portions of the surface around the crater, exposing even more ancient ice? Too bad there can't be a secondary mission for the probe, but I guess all the fuel is used lugging around a 1,000lb brick. Cheers, Tom == You are subscribed to the Europa Icepick mailing list: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Project information and list (un)subscribe info: http://klx.com/europa/
Re: NASA Gives Go-Ahead to Build 'Deep Impact' Spacecraft
-Original Message- From: Thomas Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Friday, May 25, 2001 9:10 AM Subject: Re: NASA Gives Go-Ahead to Build 'Deep Impact' Spacecraft I just read NASA's notes about the effect of the impact, but still wonder if the impact crater could further alter the comet's orbit by exposing volatile ice and acting like a little engine as it nears the sun. It also seems that comets are so brittle that such an impact could fracture large portions of the surface around the crater, exposing even more ancient ice? Too bad there can't be a secondary mission for the probe, but I guess all the fuel is used lugging around a 1,000lb brick. Actually, they have done some looking for a followup comet or asteroid flyby target -- but haven't found one yet. However, they'll keep looking, since Deep Impact may survive for several years after the Tempel flyby. == You are subscribed to the Europa Icepick mailing list: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Project information and list (un)subscribe info: http://klx.com/europa/
FW: GREEN LIGHT FOR DEEP IMPACT MISSION DEVELOPMENT
-Original Message- From: Larry Kellogg [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Thursday, May 24, 2001 1:00 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: Larry Kellogg Subject: GREEN LIGHT FOR DEEP IMPACT MISSION DEVELOPMENT Good day to you who are looking up. And what will you see? Get your CCD cameras and telescopes ready, a new movie in the making. Maybe your home video. http://deepimpact.umd.edu/stsp/index.html Welcome to the Small Telescope Science Program's Homepage for the Deep Impact Mission The Small Telescope Science Program (STSP) is a joint effort between technically-proficient amateur astronomers, professional astronomers with discretionary telescope time, and private observatories to gather valuable ground-based optical data on Comet Tempel 1, the target of the Deep Impact Mission. - I have copied the NASA Headquarters News release indicating a robotic spacecraft mission to blow a hole in a comet has been approved. What do we see inside? NASA GIVES GREEN LIGHT FOR DEEP IMPACT MISSION DEVELOPMENT - I have also repeated the announcement of the on line availability of the Ride report I had not read the report before and I have been comparing it with where we are today. Much food for thought. Many of the anticipated dates have slipped, still it lists the things that not only the US could do to be a leader in space exploration, but I think, gives a very good description of what most of you would like to see happen, with everyone around the world being participants. If you have not looked at the report, may I suggest you do. Just substitute your home town for the USA and think about what you would like to see happen. Check off the accomplishments world wide and see what still needs to be done to make us truly space faring nations. (note: the PDF version is in several files and I needed to find a computer with Acrobat Reader 4.0 on it to have the index live - and some nice images as well as a number of charts - you will need them as the HTML version leaves them out) - As you may have noted in some of the other news letters, a Russian supply vessel docks with international space station http://www.spacedaily.com/news/010523004805.qiyeu8hn.html * Progress Brings Food and Supplies to Station Alpha http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/missions/progress_docks_010522.html This was an automatic docking of an un-manned supply vessel. Along those same lines, the company I work for, Orbital Sciences Corp., just got an award from Marshall Space Flight center to build some equipment for a Demonstration of Autonomous Rendezvous Technology (DART). See a snip at end. Just one of many opportunities that will help us expand into space. -- Boy, are we excited!! How about you? Do the things you see while looking up get you heart pounding? Are you really excited? I think there are many reasons to be so. You ARE making it happen, and that could be a dosimeter from Hungary for use on the ISS, or an imaging satellite helping check on rain fall (or lack there of) To you who are looking up, have a great day. Special K. http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2001/ast23may_1.htm?list500796 Farmers will soon have a new tool for getting the most out of their fields. NASA's Aqua satellite will provide crucial information about the water in the ground and the weather on the horizon. === === NASA Leadership and America's Future in Space: A Report to the Administrator by Dr. Sally K. Ride, August 1987. Commonly known as the Ride report, this document is available from http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/cover.htm on the Web in an html version (with fully searchable text) and a pdf version (with full-color graphics). Special thanks to Mike Walker, Eracenia Kennedy, and Diane Reid, for their assistance with document scanning and preparation. Preface Page 5 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/preface.htm Introduction 7 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/intro.htm Leadership in Space 11 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/leadspac.htm Strategic Option Development 115 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/strateg.htm Leadership Initiatives 21 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/leadinit.htm Mission to Planet Earth 23 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/leadinit.htm#mission Exploration of the Solar System 26 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/leadinit.htm#explore Outpost on the Moon 29 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/leadinit.htm#outpost Humans to Mars 32 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/leadinit.htm#humans Programmatic Assessment 37 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/programm.htm Evaluation of Initiatives 49 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/evalaut.htm Conclusion 57 http://history.nasa.gov/riderep/conclus.htm Additional Studies 60
