Re: (OT) Does anyone use FOSS Virus Scan?
Bill McGonigle wrote: Response time from the ClamAV team has been measured to be lower than commercial vendors in many cases (virustotal I think was the source on that) - that's not an issue to worry about. I want to add that ClamAV has often caught stuff that Symantec running our our desktops did not even know about, yet. ClamAV gets constant updates, and it is recommended that you update your definitions at least twice a day, though checking every other hour is not unheard of. You are lucky to get daily (or even weekly) updates from most commercial AV vendors. [Deletia] and there's a project to tag phishing and mail scams using ClamAV signatures. I have never had a virus, worm, or Trojan get through ClamAV. I have reported a couple of phish emails that got through the filter in the past. In most of the cases, they were added to the definitions within hours of being reported. In a couple of cases, someone else beat me to reporting the same phish. The phish check is optional. There's a configuration option to disable it. It is on by default, though, and I have found it catches more than the virus/worm/trojan definitions do on both of my mail servers. Probably one of the coolest features of ClamAV is that it is written entirely in standard C. You can compile it and use it pretty much anywhere you have a C compiler. Oh, and 0.91.1 just came out, so if you're running an older version, it is time to update. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: (OT) Does anyone use FOSS Virus Scan?
Another vote for clamav, here. Use it on all the mail servers I run. I've never used it on a desktop machine, but have manually scanned stuff with it. As mentioned earlier, there is a Windows version, too, called ClamWin. It would also be useful to know how you intend to use it, because there may be something else better suited to your needs. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Liberation Fonts?
Marc Nozell wrote: On Wed, 2007-05-23 at 11:35 -0400, Ted Roche wrote: Is that like Freedom Fries? Anyone tried this? https://www.redhat.com/promo/fonts/ They are pretty nice. I've installed them on my Ubuntu/Feisty laptop by just unpacking them into ~/.fonts and running fc-cache. Rebooting would have worked too. Seconded. I've installed them on my MacBook and started to use them in Open Office. Installing on the Mac is really easy, too. Just download the ttf tarball, open the tarball with Stuffit Expander, then open the fonts in the resulting folder. Font Book pops up and has a button to install the fonts. By default they are installed for the current user, but you can drag them to the Computer section and install them for everyone on the Mac. I like the look of the font. The characters have nice, clean lines. -marc ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/ ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: [OT] Don't Download This Song - Weird Al
Larry Cook wrote: Larry Cook wrote: http://www.myspace.com/weirdal/ Interesting!? The trailing slash causes an error. Need to use: I don't know what's worse: the trailing slash causing an error or the fact that MySpace uses IIS. The latter likely has something to do with the former. (Yes, I've had to manage an IIS server in the past, but switched it to GNU/Linux and apache after about a year and none of the users noticed.) I've long been a Weird Al fan. I'll Sue Ya is much better than White and Nerdy, though Weird Al does get all the references correct. I think, like Bare Naked Ladies, he's really a nerd, too. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Henniker report - Re: [GNHLUG] A ham radio flea market - tomorrow, in Henniker
Bill Sconce wrote: P.S. Another anecdote tickled me. It was about a friend of a friend who supposedly took someone's money to intall Vista on their PC. He played a trick: installed Ubuntu instead of The Genuine Advantage, told the client you'll notice that it looks a little different from XP, but overall it's a lot better. The client (supposedly) was quite pleased with the new Vista, until he returned the money and 'fessed up...:) Dunno if it's true, but it's a nice story. I heard the same thing online (believe it was /.), but it was a son who had been asked to install the Vista upgrade by his father, and no money was involved. Dunno if it is true, but I suggested that we do this at work. No one would really notice the difference. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: x86 emulator for PPC Mac OS X?
Paul Lussier wrote: Does anyone know a virtual environment for the PPC-based Macs? I have a PowerBook G4 that I'd like to be able to play with some stuff on. Specifically, I'd like to play around with a couple of the BSDs and possibly some different Linux distros. Have you tried just installing OpenBSD MacPPC and NetBSD MacPPC? They will probably work on your laptop, but you should check the compatibility matrix, first. http://openbsd.org/macppc.html#hardware It looks like OpenBSD will work on your PowerBook, so NetBSD will likely work as well. http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/models.html#powerbook You could always partition your drive and install the other OS in a multi-boot fashion. I've never done it on a Mac with OpenFirmware, but I hear it is easier than on the old NuBus PowerMacs where I have set up a dual boot configuration. I found QEMU in Darwin ports, but it doesn't support OpenBSD, which is the BSD I want to be mucking with right now. VMWare seems to only support the newer Intel Macs, and PearPC seems to not support any of the BSDs. Derek Atkins already mentioned VirtualPC, and I don't know of much else that you could try along those lines. I've not got much experience with such products other than setting up VMWare on a PC once. Am I SOL here? Thanks. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Emacs: Multiple files in one buffer?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: What I'd like to do is have each function in a C source file appear in different subfiles. But I want to be able to perform text operations over the whole bunch of them... query-replace, isearch-forward, etc. I don't think it would require any extra structure in the document. Emacs supports some kind of text attributes which are just slightly too mystical for my current understanding. They use these text attributes to implement the forms package for fill-out forms (maybe that's where I saw it?). I could see giving a chunk of text in a buffer a source file attribute containing the name of the file whose contents that chunk of text represents. For C functions it should be relatively straightforward assuming that each function gets its own .c file and that the name of the .c file is identical to the function name. You could add a c-mode-hook that overrides write-file and save-buffer commands to cycle through the functions in the buffer, make a region around the function and then write the region to a file using write-region. There are other possibilities, but this is probably the most efficient. It would probably be best to implement the above as around advice for the functions in question and load the file containing the advice in a c-mode-hook. If you don't have it already, I suggest getting the Elisp info manual and reading the section on Advising Functions. It explains how to write advice functions to override or to extend the built-in functions. Also, if all of the .c files are in the same directory, you could add a new command to open all the .c files in a directory into the current buffer. Another possibility would be to open the .c files for the function signatures in a currently open .h file. With a little extra magic, you could have everything in one buffer and then save the .h stuff to the .h file and each function implementation to its own .c file. For bonus points, you could remove the old .c files of functions that were deleted or renamed. /me goes poking in the forms package info manual... falls asleep. The forms package might give you some ideas, but it is probably overkill for something like this. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: I reallly do not understand what the issue is.....
Actually, I don't understand what the issue is, either. I manually updated my servers at work by writing a textual zoneinfo file with the proper configuration as described in the manual page for zic. I checked the contents of /etc/TIMEZONE or /etc/localtime and made sure that my input file was defining that zone--US/Eastern in most cases. I also made a link from that zone file to EST5EDT. Finally, after eyeballing it one more time, I ran zic to compile and install the binary zoneinfo files from the textual input. It took all of 15 minutes to patch the servers that needed it for the DST changes. I just have to make sure that they all get rebooted once before Saturday so that the server applications that only read zoneinfo on startup will re-read the files. (That has already been done.) I really can't understand all the fuss over something that we've had nearly two years to prepare? Don't those people run a real operating system? Frankly, the utter shite that people will put up with when it comes to computing never ceases to amaze me. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Emacs: Multiple files in one buffer?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: This message is addressed to all the Emacs gurus on the list... Dunno if I'm a guru or not, but I've used GNU Emacs for 15 years and dabbled with X-Emacs briefly. My .emacs is only about 4K in size, but I've created a couple minor and major modes for various special file types. I'm also running the latest GNU Emacs (22.0.95) from cvs. I have a vague sort-of-almost memory of having read something about a major mode which will let you edit multiple files in a single buffer. I wondered how that could work, how emacs could know which part of the buffer belonged to which file, but I didn't think it was useful (indeed, I deemed it dangerous) at the time. Closest thing to what you describe that I have heard of is HtmlModeDeluxe (http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/emacs/HtmlModeDeluxe). It allows you to run multiple major modes at once on different regions of a buffer, so that the different PHP, HTML and CSS sections have proper highlighting. However, all of those regions in the buffer come from one file. I'm not sure that you could make different regions of a buffer point explicitly to different files. My experience with Emacs suggests that the notion of a buffer is very tightly integrated with the file system's understanding of a file. That said, you can actually load multiple files into a single buffer, but the default save commands will save the entire buffer as a single file unless you have severely hacked the file save hooks for your current mode and have some clearly defined markers that Emacs could use to split the data apart. You'd also need some way to preserve the file names so that your mode would know how to save the various sections. Essentially, your buffer data would need to have some kind of structure to it, and your editing mode would need to enforce that structure in some way, most likely through custom navigation commands. Even if you were just editing free-form plain text files, your buffer would need special lines that would tell the file save hook where a new file begins and what that file's name is. Generally, when I've needed to edit multiple files sort of simultaneously I've simply opened the various files and split the window however many times are necessary for portions of each buffer to show. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Ripping from CD to FLAC, and then transcoding to lossy (was: More on MP3 and open formats)
Ben Scott wrote: On 2/26/07, Jason Stephenson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm already planing a nice utility for managing all of that, too. I'm starting to wonder if there isn't something out there already. I wrote my own collection of really bad hacks (shell and Perl scripts) to do this; I know others have; now you are, too. It seems like there's an itch, here. I've got a Perl (or is it sh?) script that I've used to rip CDs and convert the output to mp3. However, this time around, I have grander ideas. I'd like to make something with a GUI front end that can be used to archive CDs in FLAC (that backup copy that fair use allows us to make) and convert the files to other, open file formats, such as Ogg* and MPC** (that format shifting thing we're also supposed to be able to do). There'd also be a cataloging/search feature and the ability to restore a lost CD from the archive. While I'm at it, it might as well be able to play the files. This will give me something to do with my new MacBook. * From what I've read, Ogg may not be all that safe to use patent-wise. Is this just FUD, or is there something to it? ** MPC claims to be patent-free, but I'm not sure exactly how. It is using MPEG-1 layer 2 technology. I've not bothered searching for patents covering layer 2, and I have no idea how specific the Alcatel/Fraunhofer patent is. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: More on MP3 and open formats
In reply to Ben's message about ripping to FLAC and then converting to other formats, I believe that is what I am going to do. I'll rip to FLAC and store the results on one of my PCs or possibly even burn them to DVD+R DL discs. Then, I'll convert the FLACs to Ogg when needed for greater file transportability. I'm already planing a nice utility for managing all of that, too. I'll see how using one of my PCs as a file server works for playing music on my LAN. It worked pretty well with MP3s, but FLACs are a bit bigger. I like the hardware support that FLAC seems to have. I'm going to have to get a Phatbox for my car! ;) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: ARTICLE - ESR gives up on Fedora
Bill McGonigle wrote: On Feb 24, 2007, at 10:02, Thomas Charron wrote: The dependency couldn't be met. The package maintainer screwed up, and had it dependent on a version of a package that wasn't available. Ah, OK, thanks for the correction. Still, if I hit that problem I'd go file a bug at bugzilla.redhat.com. Granted I've had mixed success with that avenue. Were I desperate I'd grab an SRPM and edit a SPEC file. That's clearly not something most users know how to do. Fedora is not aimed at most users. Fedora is not meant to be stable. Go read their mission statement. They're basically the playground for Red Hat's commercial releases. ESR, of all people, should know this. This may be a disadvantage of the open source model in a way. I can edit the SRPM and thus it doesn't get highest priority from the developers. Apple had a parallel problem with a recent security (or was it Airport driver?) update on the PPC architecture. They had it fixed 3 hours later - at least in part because they had to. To me, its an advantage, but then I don't install from binary packages. I install everything from source on my servers and workstations, and then I know it will generally work if it builds. [There has been 1 recent exception to this. See below.] I also use FreeBSD and OpenBSD mostly. (This is at home. At my alleged day job, I have a mix of Windows, FreeBSD, and Fedora servers and workstations to look after.) BTW, sometimes I find ports that are broken on my configuration, or that don't provide an easy way to enable the features that I want. When I encounter these, I fix them and send a patch to the maintainer of the port. I usually get a polite thank you and notice that some of my changes end up in the Makefile the next time that I update. I have also found 1 port that would build and install and simply refused to function on one machine. I downloaded the latest package from the developer and installed that. It worked perfectly. The version in ports was two years old apparently, and didn't play well with amd64. I'm only slightly embarrassed to admit that the package in question is imap-uw. I have also been known to change the source of various applications to add features, etc. I usually send patches off to the respective maintainers. This is how open source is supposed to work according to ESR. However, I think he's become lazy and has forgotten how his bazaar really works. It sounds to me in his latest ravings that he really wants his software to come perfectly formed from the priests of the cathedral. He's forgotten the freedom and responsibility that comes from having access to the source code, and instead he'd rather be at the mercy of his vendor, just like most users. Rather, he'd prefer that his vendor got it right in the first place, unfortunately he's forgotten just who his vendor is. For somebody whose CS isn't as rusty as mine - I think one should be able to setup a dedicated process to watch a repo and build graphs of dependencies and preemptively find this kind of breakage. Comments? Yes, you probably could, but that's what the million monkeys on the Internet are doing for you when they install stuff and it doesn't work. In this case, people are cheaper than software. Just my .02 dollars. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: ARTICLE - ESR gives up on Fedora
Nigel Stewart wrote: Without disagreeing with your points about how open source is supposed to work, I think doing better repo quality control would be a good direction for things to go. There doesn't seem much point in letting a repo get into a inconsistent state and letting that flow downstream Yes, you are also correct. I should have put a smiley at the end of my remark as my tongue was in my cheek at that point. If you're going to be dealing with binary packaging, some sort of automatic checking should be in order. With RPM, it shouldn't be too difficult, as you can query an RPM for its dependencies. If you find a package that isn't in the repository, then the package with the bad dependency should be flagged and disabled until the dependency issue is resolved. In the specific case that ESR is whinging about, the packager apparently had a different version of a library installed when he/she built the package. That sort of thing has happened to me in the past, so I switched to installing from code, even though I mostly use ports these days. (Kind of like packages for source code.) I find it somewhat ironic that ESR is complaining so loudly about *binary* package dependencies and that he's threatening to switch distros over it. You'd think someone with ESR's credentials and attitude would be running his own, homebrew distro. ;-) (Ha ha! Only serious.) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: More on MP3 and open formats
Not that anyone really cares what I'm doing, but until this Alcatel thing, I never thought that I was infringing on someone's patent rights by ripping music to MP3. I did it because it pretty much worked everywhere without hassle, though I knew that Ogg was supposed to be better. Now, I'm looking at alternatives such as Ogg and FLAC. Ogg Vorbis home page: http://www.vorbis.com/ FLAC page: http://flac.sourceforge.net/ So, looks like I'll be spending the next couple of weeks re-ripping the hundreds of CDs in my collection. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: [OT] End-user uses for x86-64 (was: Why are still not at 64 bits)
If end users are defined as home users and office users, then 64 bits will never matter to them, just like 32 bits doesn't matter to them today. For the majority of people, its just a yard stick, like 4 cylinder vs. 6 cylinder vs. 8. Most have some notion of what it means, that more is generally better, but they don't often base their buying decision on that one metric. They'll buy the computer that's available today that the salesman and the demo software or the review online or in the magazine says that they can do the work that they want to do on it. They don't particularly need to know or care that the CPU has a 64 bit address space. As long as it mostly works and does what they want to do in a reasonable amount of time, they are happy. End users are buying 64-bit machines today, they're getting them with 64-bit or 32-bit operating systems, and for the most part, it doesn't really matter to them. Very few of them would notice the difference in performance in the work that they are doing. Sixty-four bitness will never matter to end users, but it will become ubiquitous over time, and sooner or later nearly everyone will have computers and devices with 64 bit CPUs and operating systems and the vast majority of people won't really notice. Yes, there are uses for 64 bit address space, just as a 128 bit address space would enable use to tackle unthinkable problems. Yes, the performance issues are there, but if it really matter to John and Jane Computeruser, 64 bit computers would have become common place in the market before now and DEC would have bought Compaq. As a friend of mine said in 1992, I wish they'd stop wasting time with semiconductors and get on to doing computations with light. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: [OT] End-user uses for x86-64 (was: Why are still not at 64 bits)
Ben's point about the advantages of more memory and the comparison to the 16-bit to 32-bit transition is well taken, but I don't think that changes my main point: Typical end users as defined before don't really care about the differences. As long as they can do more or less what they want to do with the computer, they won't really notice the difference. Sure, their 64-bit PC will be faster than their old 32-bit PC, but isn't that what they expect? It's the same thing going from a 4 cylinder to an 8 cylinder automobile engine. You generally expect better performance. They don't really care how that improved performance comes about. I'm not going to argue that 64 bits won't make a difference, just that typical home and office users won't notice until it enables something that no one has done before, or not done well. If you can only run the ultrarealistic, VR porn with teledildonics module on the latest 64 bit tech, then people will run out and buy 64 bit specifically to get 64 bit. However, before there is a compelling reason for them to get 64 bit, they won't care as long as what they get this year is better than what they had last year. Eventually, you won't be able to buy mainstream hardware with anything less than 64 bit CPUs, and from looking at the latest Dell PC Catalogs that I get, that time appears to be now or very soon. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Why are still not at 64 bits [was Can't figure out Firefox
Ben Scott wrote: On 2/15/07, Thomas Charron [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... It may be double the number of address bits, but it is woo more than double the address space. ... Exactly how much more than double is a woo? Quite specifically, it's one metric assload. What's that in imperial assloads? I believe it would 1 butt of sherry. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butt_(unit) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: OT: Cygwin/X on Windows XP
Erm, never mind, I fixed it by unmounting everything and reinstalling the fonts while the Cygwin bash window was still open. I found this solution by digging deeper into the Gmane Cygwin-x archives. Go figure. According to some posts that I've seen, that isn't supposed to fix it if you install Cygwin with DOS line endings, as I do, but whatever works, right? (I'm also sending this to my work address so I can fix it there in the morning. Never know, I might just forget this over night. ;) Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: SPARC Live CD?
Tom Buskey wrote: I'd imagine there's a NetBSD and maybe OpenBSD or Gentoo. I'd imagine that, too, but I can't find a working link to either for the Sparc architecture. The only live OpenBSD CDs that I find are for i386. The working links that I can find for NetBSD live CDs are also for i386. I found a neat article on making your own OpenBSD live CD. Of course, it is targeted at the i386 architecture. http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2005/07/14/openbsd_live.html There are a couple of FreeBSD live CD projects: http://livecd.sourceforge.net/ http://www.freesbie.org/ I'm not sure if they support all of FreeBSD's architectures or not. FreeBSD also only supports sparc64, and not sparc. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Linux and fonts and Firefox and human-factors design
RE: User interface (which is what this has turned into) I find the best user interface is the most minimal. Something that isn't cluttered with a lot of buttons and gee-whiz googaw. I like the command line, and then simple GUIs for times when data needs visualization. The problem is that everyone tries to solve every problem with the point and grunt interface. The interface needs to fit the task at hand. Until the motherboard on my 7-year-old FreeBSD workstation (originally ran Slackware!) went kaput on me last week, I used BlackBox as my primary X-Windows interface. It has an easily configured root menu that I could put my favorite apps into. If I needed something else, I can fire up a rxvt and run something from there. It's simple, has a short learning curve, and works for the beginner and expert alike. Now, I'm stuck using my Windows XP gamestation to do my work. With Mingw, MSYS, Cygwin, Firefox, Thunderbird, GNU Emacs, and Samba on my web/mail server, it ain't so bad. This also opens the question of trying to win the desktop away from Microsoft. Wes Peters wrote an interesting article on this topic back in May (URL below). I think he makes a good point. http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200605/dadvocate.html It also begs the question of trying to make X more like Windows. Do you really want to imitate Microsoft's UI mistakes in order to win converts? What we need is something completely different, and I'm not talking about Mac OS X, either. Now, on the topic of fonts in Linux/*NIX: No one has answered this because the objections are real. Using fonts in *NIX totally blows. Witness all the different font servers that are available for X. Fonts need some serious attention. It seems that every X app does its own thing looking for fonts. Not to mention groff, TeX, and the others. Anyway, just my pseudorandom thoughts while I wait for cvsup to finish updating ports on my server.--I need to update clamav and install cdrtools so I can get a more recent backup of my files off my old PC's /home disk. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Spam and mailing lists
mike ledoux wrote: I'm sure there are some exim fans out there, but I'm not one of them. I have had two experiences with Exim, neither positive. The relevent one was a server that processed 20-50k inbound messages/day, and was ground nearly to a halt under Exim. Replacing with a properly configured sendmail on the same hardware completely eliminated the problem. My experience was just the opposite. When I came to my current job in 2003, the mail server ran Sendmail on Red Hat 7. I was asked to do something about the growing spam and virus problem, so I installed clamav and spamass-milter. Clamav seemed to work just fine, but Sendmail would crap out every few hours, and it would sometimes make it a day or so before crashing. It turns out that there was apparently a memory leak in the milter code for Sendmail that shipped with Red Hat 7 or that was in the update RPM. After I switched to a properly configured installation of Exim with SpamAssassin and Clamav, the crashing of the MTA vanished on that machine. The server is the same computer today, though it has had RAM and OS upgrades as well as the addition of a hard disk for storing IMAP folders. Last week it delivered 127,713 messages and handled 201,781 SMTP connections. That puts it very near the 20,000 messages per day mark. Load sometimes goes up to 5 when our batch notices are being sent. That's when my software hammers the server with a thousand or two messages in the space of minutes. Exim may very well require more resources than Sendmail. I've never benchmarked either application, nor seen the results of published benchmarks.--Does anyone benchmark MTAs? Would it be a worthwhile research projet? Of course, that might say more about the difference in the previous admin's competence and mine than it does about the difference between exim and sendmail... Yes, I think the key phrase in the preceding paragraphs is properly configured. It should be possible to do what you want to do with a sendmail milter, which would not require changing MTAs. That's very likely, but I still like Exim, and I can point Ben at some documentation for doing what he wants. ;) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: Spam and mailing lists
Ben Scott wrote: [repling to off-list message, with author's permission] On 10/16/06, Jason Stephenson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Exim ... It's my preferred MTA. Every MTA is somebody's preferred MTA. ;-) True. I will enumerate the reasons that I like Exim: 1. It is not Sendmail. 2. It is very powerful. 3. It is what I know. [At least, I'm honest.] I've used Exim since 2000 (version 3.something). I found myself in a SA job at the University of Kentucky Engineering Computing Center. The MTA on the College of Engineering's mail server, for which I was partly responsible, was Exim. I learned to configure and maintain Exim at that job, found that Exim suited my needs elsewhere, and have not bothered to try another MTA. Prior to that job, I had dabbled in Sendmail and found it ridiculously complex.--I also think it somewhat silly using M4 to configure an application.--I also found it ridiculously arcane with overly short configuration mnemonics. Exim's configuration is very straightforward by comparison, and for a basic setup, there isn't much that needs customization from the default. However, if you need something special, chances are that Exim can do it. If Exim can't do it as-is, it is possible to have Exim run external programs or connect to local daemons and use the results. If that is not enough, Exim can be compiled with Perl embedded and you can run Perl directly in the configuration file and at run time. (I don't recommend this, but used sparingly, it can solve quite a few interesting problems.) Exim can run also filters on messages after they've been processed but just before delivery. Finally, Exim has a notion of routers and transports. These can be used to make Exim deliver messages in a variety of ways, and can be used in place of some of Exim's ACLs which are normally used during the various SMTP phases. Exim also supports database lookups directly including Berkely DB, DNS, flat text, LDAP, Oracle, MySQL, ProstgresQL, and Interbase/Firebird. These are very handy in the ACLs, and far more handy than they might seem at first blush. I use them to maintain my own blocklists of spam hosts, and this feature, along with a little Perl and router/transport magic, could be used to implement a listserv directly in the MTA. I'm sure that Postfix and Qmail are quite configurable and useful. I haven't used them, so I don't know what their capabilities are exactly. Therefore, I won't pretend to compare them to Exim. Granted, you could argue that my Sendmail experience has been limited and that it has all largely been negative. I can't really compare the deeper features of Sendmail with the deeper features of Exim because I never took the time to figure out Sendmail's deeper features. I wanted something that worked, was powerful enough to get the job done, and would not take me a lifetime to master. ;) Again, it's probably not exactly the answer that Ben is looking for, but it's hard to get specific about why I like Exim, or anything for that matter. It basically comes down to features, configurability, and it is what I know. If the above doesn't work exactly, I know how to set up the ACLs in Exim so that you can check the arguments of any SMTP command and do whatever checks are required. This part is interesting to me. Some searching for something unrelated just now did, in fact, lead me to: http://www.exim.org/mail-archives/exim-users/Week-of-Mon-20060703/msg00026.html The above is a pretty good idea and some of that could be copied into the appropriate places in an Exim configuration file, but parts of it are missing.--I like the suggestion at the bottom about possibly implementing the listserv directly into the MTA. Additionally, the above link points out something Ben may have overlooked in his original request. Because of the way that SMTP works and because mailman uses the From: and Reply-to: to determine who can send mail to the list, you can't really check for a valid list member until the STMP DATA command is sent and the data are received. If you use any earlier phase (MAIL, RCPT, etc.), then you may actually kick a message that should legitimately go to the list. The reason being that you don't have the From: and Reply-to: headers until the DATA phase. If you want to check on the envelope sender, then you force everyone to have total control of their MUA and/or you preclude someone from sending a quick message when not at their usual location, assuming that they can easily change what appears in the From: header of the email but not what the MUA sends as the envelope sender in the MAIL command. Ostensibly, you could also end up in a situation where Exim accepts the message for the list, but mailman rejects it because the envelope sender is on the list and does not appear in the From: or Reply-to:. which is exactly what I'm talking about. Unfortunately, the linked-to scripts are on a server which
Re: Solved: Problem with bash login.
Ben Scott wrote: Okay, the next thing to do (after Thomas Charron's .gnomerc idea) is poke around under /etc/X11/ for anything that looks like a shell script or initialization file. Generally speaking, everything starts in there, somewhere. In particular, if the system is using gdm, the /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf file may prove instructive. Here's what I'd do... I'd switch to XDM and then you pretty much know that .xsession is going to be executed. The other option is to switch to using startx from the console and then the file is .xinitrc. If you still want to use Gnome or KDE, I believe that they both have a little program for startup, like kde-start or gnome-start. Either of these should do all you need to start up the environment. (When I was hacking KDE stuff back in the day, I'd actually start KDE from a rxvt while running the black box window manager.) At the bottom of your .xsession you exec whichever one you want. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Malware best practices
Ben Scott wrote: The MySpace worm does highlight something important: Programmers keep making the same stupid mistakes, over and over and over and over and over again. As a programmer, I can tell you why. Most programmers are not well versed in the art or the science (if there really is any) of programming. Do you know why? Most programmers don't really get to see that much source code. It's true. In the commercial realm of closed source software most programmers only get to see the code of the project(s) to which they are assigned. They never get to see much code that's better or worse than what they are used to seeing. The same is true in most university CS programs. Students are not exposed to all that much code. It's mostly theory and mathematics and then applying that theory and mathematics in code. This is very far from what most architects or engineers do in their educations or their careers. They study other's designs and implementations. They appreciate one another's work as art. Closed source programmers cannot do this, while open source programmers have the opportunity. (However, I doubt very many of them do this.) Additionally, software is in its infancy. I imagine that the first few thousand bridges that were built were pretty dodgy things. They were probably very likely to collapse under you. It took mankind a long time to figure all this out. (They still don't always do it right as the big dig mess is proving.) Software is a bit more complicated on the inside than making a bridge, too. Writing software is like writing fiction or nonfiction in the sense that the only way to really get better is to do it. You read a lot and you write a lot.--It helps to eat your own dog food, too. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
OT: Whirled Peas (was Re: Malware best practices)
Fred wrote: Humans will never learn to live in peace (I pray that I am wrong here). Oh well. Perhaps the way to induce peaceful living would be to give the cyber-equivalent of the thermonuclear bomb to everyone. Kinda like giving everyone a lit match whilst standing in a pool of petrol. Idi Amin, the infamous African strongman and reputed cannibal, is attributed as having said that there will never be world peace until every nation has a nuclear arsenal sufficient to destroy its neighbors. I shudder to think that he may have been correct. For myself, I recently decided to stop distinguishing between the myriad little wars going on, or even the larger wars that have happened in the past. As far as I'm concerned, there has been one global war raging for the last 5,000 years or so.--War is civilization's handmaiden, or is that the other way 'round? ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Stupid question regarding Thunderbird and IMAP
You seem to have already gotten answers on your problem and I hope that they work for you. Something I'll add is that when building UW Imap (boo hiss! I hear you jeer), I've had to use the WITH_NETSCAPE_BRAINDAMAGE option to get IMAP to work properly with Mozilla and Mozilla-based mail programs. I don't know if the above applies to dovecot, but since the email programs you mentioned having trouble are Mozilla-based (except for squirellmail), I thought that I might throw this out there. Fortunately for me, the users at my day job aren't sophisticated enough to want folders within folders on their IMAP accounts. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Problem with bash login.
Ah, professor, but the real problem here could be Gnome/GDM using a non-standard initialization I get my bash environment in regular X by sourcing .bash_profile in my .xsession file: #!/usr/local/bin/bash # If we have a .profile, then load it: if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then . ~/.bash_profile elif [ -f ~/.profile ]; then . ~/.profile fi exec blackbox It is that easy and everything I run later seems to have the proper environment. Cheers, Jason Prof. Cockiasse Stephenson ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: What's a developer to do?
Uh, he could release the source and let people build it themselves. That is honestly the only way to guarantee the code runs on your machine, to compile it yourself. Frankly, I think that is what the different distros are for, providing binary packages that work with their mix of software and libs. They *should* be doing the work of distributing the binaries. I must say, though, that I've never really had an issue with getting binaries to run on GNU/Linux or FreeBSD. I've always been able to resolve the depency issues by reading the errors when a dynamically linked application fails to link. The most trouble that I recall having was with getting Java to run on a Slackware box, and that was a simple matter of soft linking a couple of binaries from where Slackware puts 'em to where Red Hat would put them, and then running ld on a couple of the Java binaries so that the link info would get updated. Anyway, I know this isn't helpful but I'm starting to agree more and more with RMS (and probably Maddog, too) the more that I deal with binary only software. I've recently adopted the motto that it isn't software without source code, so I have little sympathy for the difficulties that developers face getting their binary-only software to work on different platforms. Sorry for the polemic. I'll step down off of the soapbox, now. I'd suggest to your developer that he actually consider running ld as part of the post-install. That just might fix a lot of the problems. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Free web-based email?
Bill McGonigle wrote: I've been pretty happy with SquirrelMail. It's not flashy or AJAX yet, but it works OK. Runs on Linux/Apache/PHP - I think many ISP's offer it with their minimal-level packages (a few bucks a month). I set up SquirrelMail where I work. It works and was pretty simple to setup. Another feature it lacks that I might actually add is SSL support. SquirrelMail itself doesn't need much to support SSL if your server does. It just needs to have all the links changed that start http://; to use a funtion that checks the protocol in use and outputs either http or https. 'Course it might just work if you configure Apache to force SSL on that directory. Frankly, if you don't trust Google with your email, then I don't think you could really trust anyone other than yourself, could you? Says the guy who has had a Yahoo! account since 1999. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Question about GPL issue.
Bruce Dawson wrote: One thing that might help would be clean rooming it... have *someone I've done the above in a couple of projects. Mostly by reading the manpage and the usage report and doing the code based on that, without looking at the source code of the original program. Actually, looking at the original source doesn't necessarily taint your project, either. If it did, no one could look at much of anything other than their own code. In the case of some low-level stuff, porting from FreeBSD to Linux and vice versa ends up being a nearly complete rewrite anyway. But, IANAL. Your experiences will be different. Yeah, someone will find a lawyer somewhere who will argue that doing what either I or Bruce have described creates a derivative work. Doesn't matter if they are legally correct or not; that's what judges, juries and courts are for. To stay spiritually clean, :-) you could look in the BSD source trees for a module that does the same thing. Then you can do anything you want with it as long as you keep the notice in the comments. That's what I would do if I were faced with a large body of code. If it was a small body of code, I'd just re-write it from scratch. Another option is to contact who ever claims the copyright on the code, explain your intent, and ask if you can use it under a different license. There's nothing in the GPL that says the code can't be dual-licensed. There are some prominent GPL projects that do this, too. (MySQL comes to mind and Qt, but Qt is a more complicated story.) To some extent, that is what OSS is about. Stallman doesn't like it, but he's not God, merely a saint ;) Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: perl and network addresses
Stephen Ryan wrote: Can anyone think of a better way to blit an arbitrary number of bits from 0 to 1? Well, let's see Taking advantage of the fact that all of the '1' bits are at the end of the hostmask, you've actually almost gotten it already. hostmask = (1 (32 - n)) - 1 netmask = ~ hostmask Doh! That's so obvious, so obviously, I overlooked it. ;) 1 (32 - n) in binary is (n-1) '0' bits, a '1', then (32 - n) '0' bits. Subtracting 1 from that gives n '0' bits followed by (32 - n) '1' bits. The 'not' operator flips all the bits for the netmask. This works for /1 through /32 networks, even though some of those are nonsensical. A /0 might break this because of overflow (1 (32 -n) overflows a 32-bit integer); theoretically, it should work even for /0 so long as 1 (32-n) returns 0 (32-bit gcc 4.0 on my Athlon64 desktop computes this correctly, but complains 'warning: left shift count = width of type' while compiling. Anyway, if you're running a /0, you've got other, bigger problems. Using gcc 3.4.4 on a 32-bit Pentium III, I get no warnings when compiling your test program, even with -Wall. When it runs, 0 gives the same result as 32, so it overflows (silently) on my machine. If you're running a /0, you really must be Root. ;) I'm going to limit the input on my network calculator and throw an error on IPv4 net masks that are not between /8 and /30 inclusive. The reason being that /8 and /30 don't really give valid IPv4 networks. Cheers and thanks, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: perl and network addresses
Paul Lussier wrote: Yes, more or less. Between you and Jason I've been able to come up with exactly what I need. Thanks a lot for all your help. Why I couldn't see this for myself is beyond me. Of course, this week has been full of me missing the details to the point where I somehow managed to mail my taxes to myself from work the other day rather than to my accountant :) So, just in case you wondered, the USPS system is working at peak efficiency ! You're very welcome to the help, and we all have those weeks. It took me a while to realize what your real question was. Once I figured out your question, it was actually rather interesting: adding network addresses to interpolate between different networks. Trying to answer it allowed me to discover some facts about IPv4 addresses and masks, so I got to learn something, too. The thing that I found most interesting is if you use the one or two digit kind of mask, i.e. /19, you can determine how many addresses are on the network via the following C code: addresses = 1 (32 - n). Where n is the part of the mask after the /. I wish I could find a faster way to blit the bits to make the real mask from the /N style than using a for loop. Only alternative I can think of is to use a switch on the 33 possibilities (0-32).--Of course, anything /8 and /30 doesn't make a real network. Can anyone think of a better way to blit an arbitrary number of bits from 0 to 1? Now, I'm working on a network calculator application that will support IPv6 as well. I should probably do it in JavaScript, uh, sorry, AJAX, so that the Web 2.0 people will notice. ;) Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: perl and network addresses
Paul Lussier wrote: Python [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Would it help to convert to 32-bit integers? I might. I'll try that. It will definitely help. If you get the netmask and address both in 32-bit integers, then calculating the network and broadcast addresses is very straightforward. Here's some sample code: network = address netmask; broadcast = address | ~netmask; The above is C, but should work in Perl, too. Of course, after looking back through the thread, I see Ben has already pretty much answered the above. ;) I think I understand the arithmetic. I do not really understand what you are trying to do. That's okay, neither do I ;) (If you really want the long convoluted discussion, I'll be glad to post it, I just figured no on would care. Of course, I also often misunderstimate the intellectual curiosity of fellow geeks :) I think Paul explained it pretty well in his first post. Let me explain to see if I really understand. Paul is using a network that is restricted to using a /19 netmask for addressing, but it is really using a /16 when configured. So, he wants to limit address to 10.0.32.0/19 but needs to configure broadcast and network addresses for 10.0.32.0/16. Why he needs to do that, I have no idea and wouldn't need to know. ;) Ben's previous message pretty much explains how to solve this. It seems to me that the answer is that your IP addresses are limited to the range of 10.0.32.0 to 10.0.63.255 with 10.0.0.0 being the network address and 10.255.255.255 being the broadcast address, no? Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: perl and network addresses
Paul Lussier wrote: Jason Stephenson [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: It seems to me that the answer is that your IP addresses are limited to the range of 10.0.32.0 to 10.0.63.255 with 10.0.0.0 being the network address and 10.255.255.255 being the broadcast address, no? Err, you've got the IP addresses wrong. It's 10.32.0.0/16, but segmented on a /19 boundary. I need to be able to calculate the next network, which for 10.32.0.0/19, would be 10.64.0.0/19, then take the host portion and add it to this new network such that any given host has the same host portion on all networks it may exist on. Doesn't matter. I got the network address wrong, too. ;) You want to interpolate the address of one host to another network, is that it? ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: perl and network addresses
Paul Lussier wrote: Errr, no, just the opposite actually. Trying to *prevent* routing from a very existent router :) Sounds to me like what you really need is a router with VLAN capability. If I understand correctly, it sounds like you're trying to implement VLANs. Your setup actually sounds very similar to something that we're designing for all the libraries in our consortium. Right now, each site has a Class C (/24) on a 10.10.*. In the near future, we plan to implement each site having a Class B (/16) with different class Cs for each VLAN. For example, if a site is now on 10.10.32.0, it will move to 10.32.0.0 with something like 10.32.0.0/24 reserved for network equipment, 10.32.10.0/24 for the staff, 10.32.20.0/24 for the public, 10.32.30.0/24 for staff wireless, 10.32.40.0/24 for public wireless, etc.--The Dracut Public Library will be our first test case, since they're moving (back) into their renovated building next month. Without VLANs setup in the router, I can't imagine how that would work to prevent traffic among the various 10.32.0.0 subnets. I suppose you could simulate it with some really complicated routing rules. At this point, my knowledge on the matter of networking begins to recede into nothingness. I can set up a simple Linux or *BSD router/firewall. I can do the math (poorly, but that's what computers are for). I can even use the socket() interface, but configuring fancy-shmancy, complicated network topologies is beyond my current abilities. I didn't design the above mentioned topology, nor did I figure out the configuration in the Cisco routers that we buy. However, I'm promised by our contractor that they'll show me enough so I can break things. ;) Long story made slightly longer, I'd suggest looking up how to configure VLANs on whatever you're using for a router.--I know you mentioned a FreeBSD firewall earlier. Cheers, Jason Can't-the-network-for-the-wires Stephenson ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
FTP PASV IE
I always say things that are wrong and discover within 5 minutes of saying them that they are wrong. IE has an option to use passive mode in Internet Options. I saw it just now when trying to find another option. (I'm doing something for work that pretty much requires IE at the moment.) I just wanted to admit my mistake before getting publicly trounced. ;) OK, I'll go back to playing with the packet shaper at the office Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: FTP, proxies, firewalls (was: Fedora ftp install without a name server?)
Ben Scott wrote: Perhaps, an upgrade or a switch to a different firewall software is in order. What are you using now? Currently, it is a relatively old release of IP Filter (ipf) from http://coombs.anu.edu.au/~avalon/ that was hacked up by the OpenBSD folks before the licensing clarification. (Really weird stuff seems to be going on with that machine tonight. It's running OpenBSD 2.7, and I'm using a KVM to access the console. However, tonight, when I try to login at the console, everything I type is in all caps, regardless of the state of the caps lock key. I can ssh in just fine, so I want to blame the presence of the KVM and the fact that I recently started using the keyboard key combination to switch between systems. In the past, I always used the button on the KVM itself. It must have something to do with that machine having an AT keyboard port and I'm using an AT/PS-2 adapter to connect it to the KVM.) I used to use ipfw when my gateway was a PowerMac with MkLinux on it. I had pretty good luck with ipfw, and its built in ftp proxy module seemed to work. I intend to upgrade my gateway to OpenBSD 3.9 when it comes out this summer. I may end up having to upgrade the hardware, too. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Firefox crashes on a bad .gif?
Bair,Paul A. wrote: Found it: http://icons.wunderground.com/graphics/360arrows-r-nogray.gif I'm running Firefox 1.5.0.1 on FreeBSD 5.4 and the gif above does not cause problems in my browser. I'm running Mozilla 1.7.12 on FreeBSD 6.0 and it doesn't cause the browser any trouble. Makes my visual cortex dump core, though. Maybe you're better off not seeing it. ;) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: METROCAST BLOCKS RESIDENTIAL E-MAIL
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Just off the top of my head... * Mandating SMTP AUTH * Universal use of GnuPG + message signing * HashCash (or similar systems) http://www.hashcash.org/ They're all hacks. The only *real* solution is something completely different. In general, any spam-proof messaging system will follow these rules: There's no such thing. Never will be. (1) By default, do not accept any messages You can do that now, with greylisting, which eliminates the majority of spam and viruses. Greylisting means returning a temporary failure the first time that a new sender tries to deliver an email to your server, or it could be configured on a user by user basis. Spam agents and viruses don't generally try again, so those messages are never delivered. Legitimate MTAs will try again, so legitimate mail will get through. However, this won't stop spammers that use real MTA software. (2) Accept messages from authentic senders Who determines authenticity? If it's just that there's a key pair on a server somewhere, then there's nothing to stop spammers and viruses from creating their own key pairs. There's nothing to stop them making new ones when the old ones are revoked, or have no trust. (And AFAIK, only the key owner can revoke their own ky. I can't revoke yours and you can't revoke mine.) (3) Retract sender authority if/when it's used to send spam You've got that now with black lists, and you'll still need black lists with PKI. If you only trust keys signed by people or organizations you know and trust, you'll never get mail from strangers, who may want to offer you a real job, etc. The real problem with anything designed to work with SMTP as it is, is that the cost of delivery and the cost of determining what's ham and what's spam is squarely on the recipient. It costs a spammer with an army of bots nothing to send out 1,000,000 emails. It costs the recipients of those emails in bandwidth, server resources, and even man hours to deal with the influx of spam. All of that adds up to money. If the spammer had to pay for the storage of their messages before delivery (or pickup, rather), then spam would disappear very quickly. This is, in fact, what the IM2000 proposals have been about, making the sender bear the cost without adding some ridiculous email tax or micropayment scheme. It is an extremely tough nut crack. Numerous proposals have been discussed, and there are many critiques of them on the web. (If you search for IM2000 discussion or proposal, I'm sure you'll find many of them.) Nothing that's been proposed so far seems adequate to me. Every proposal so far can be shot through with holes. I'm starting to think that it is the very open architecture of the Internet that is the real problem. At its very base, the 'Net is designed to be open. The basic plumbing was designed at a time when there were only a few thousand nodes, and the admins all new each other, more or less. You could pretty much trust everyone else to behave more or less responsibly. Today, that architecture really makes it like a frontier environment. Each individual is pretty much on their own in protecting themselves form the hazards and predators of the environment. If you have an email server, you must run anti-virus and anti-spam software. If you don't, that's like a colonist in 1640 coming to the New World without a firearm. It's more or less the same for firewalls and whatever the latest whiz-bang security device is. It has gotten so that even on corporate, government and ngo LANs, you need firewalls on each machine to protect them from each other. It's also a human problem. Some people just are not ready for a frontier environment. If it were a real frontier, those people who keep opening the virus-laden attachments in their email would have been eaten by wolves by now. Ditto for those people who have fallen for phishing schemes, etc. That is the Internet equivalent of being eaten by wolves. Things are only going to get worse when IPv6 becomes mainstream and there are trillions of throw-away addresses. What are the alternatives? Something like AOL or Compuserve before they joined the rest of the 'Net? No. There was abuse there, too. I can't say for sure. However, I'm convinced that without completely redoing the network architecture so that it resembles a virtual police state (read: prison or public high school), then all bets are off. We're just going to have to deal with things as they are, unless someone has the cajones to pony up a better solution, and can convince 1,000,000,000+ people to switch to it all at the same time. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Passwords: does size matter, what characters?
Drew Van Zandt wrote: Also... what drives me crazy is that requirements conflict on websites where security isn't important anyway, so I can't use the same password for all the ones that don't really matter. PASSWORDS ARE NEVER GOING TO BE THAT STRONG, get over it and use real authentication (2-factor) if it's that important. Ah, yes, two-factor authentication based on something you can forget and something you can lose. ;) Seriously, though, I believe that passwords are great for letting people in and lousy at keeping people out. I *think* I mostly agree with Drew, though. I actually do use the same or very similar passwords on many different web sites where the security doesn't really matter. When I need a good password, I run my little pgen program that spits out line noise (or the equivalent). I write it down, and after I've used it a couple of times, my fingers remember it. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Passwords: does size matter, what characters?
Ted Roche wrote: Designing a web site for a client, he asked what the general guidance was for passwords. Users are going to be logging into the site (just plain http initially, no banking info, SSNs or credit card numbers, all that comes after SSL and first round financing). Looking around, web sites I visit are all over the place and some are nonsensical (no more than 8 characters), others require a minimum of five, six, some allow alphanumeric but no punctuation. I usually throw in upper-, lower-, numeric and a punctuation symbol or two. Is there some reason to shy away from letting the user type whatever they want, assuming you escape it properly in HTML and the destination database? Not allowing them to use their login ID seems like a good minimal rule. Are there commonly accepted guidelines? Let them enter what they like. I usually add punctuation to my passwords and have a little C program that outputs passwords of various lengths (the length is specified as a command line parameter). These passwords resemble line noise: ~mgMs;T!--I get frustrated with sites that won't accept punctuation. It's not difficult if you remeber to encode and decode the strings properly. The browser should encode it when sending it over, so decoding it properly is your main concern. I actually store my passwords for various web sites as plain text in a mysql database. I keep the passwords for my workstations and servers in a little notebook along with various notes about little admin tricks that I've picked up, etc. (Yes, I know, they aren't stored in the most secure manner, but I believe it is safe enough for my purposes.) If you're storing these in a database for web site authentication purposes, then you'll probably want to store a hash of the password and not the actual password. This is safer in case your database/server gets hacked. To authenticate a user, you'd hash the password input and compare it to the hash in your database. MySQL has a password() function that can do the hashing, or you could use some SHA or MD5 algorithm.--I imagine PostgreSQL also has something like the password() function in MySQL, but I've never programmed with Postgres. The other option is to use normal HTTP authentication and let htpasswd (if you're using Apache) manage the passwords for you. Anyway, that's about all I can think of that you haven't mentioned. I wouldn't impose too many restrictions on their input, but I wouldn't allow Joes (the user name as the password), and would probably require a minimum of 6 characters. Other than that, I'd let them enter what they will. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Used Laptops (was Re: METROCAST BLOCKS RESIDENTIAL E-MAIL)
John Abreau wrote: I've had good luck with eBay. I picked up an old Thinkpad there a few years back for about $180, and it still works well today. I thought of ebay, but I've not used my ebay id in about 6 years, and I'd rather not go that route. I found a couple sites today that sell refurbished laptops and they even offer warranties. Www.usanotebook.com looked like a pretty good place to go online. I think I'll do some looking around in the Salem (NH) area. I'll check out Microseconds and PCMax. It's funny, in a way. For $700 dollars you can get a brand new, low-end notebook, or you can get a mid-range notebook that is one or two years old that has better specs than the brand new one. I'm definitely going the used route this time around, as it is not going to be my primary computer system. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Used Laptops (was Re: METROCAST BLOCKS RESIDENTIAL E-MAIL)
I'm CCing my reply to the list because it sounds like Christopher meant for his question to go to the list. Christopher Chisholm wrote: I've been keeping my eyes out for an old laptop HD for a while.. I really want one of those USB 2.0 enclosures on a small drive, but the ones they sell are crazy over priced. I just want something like 5 gigs or more for some music/work files. Does anyone know of a good place to look for something like this? I usually check e-bay the past few times I've looked there wasn't really anything very cheap. I've not seen very good prices on laptop hard drives. They always cost more than 3.5 drives. About the only way to get them for cheap is to take them out of your old notebook when you get a new one, or if you put a bigger drive in your notebook.--I got mine when my old laptop stopped booting. I found some decent USB 2.0 enclosures at CompUSA. They're by Norwood Micro, and look kind of like an iPod. They're white plastic with aluminum cooling fins. Also, unlike most of the other enclosures I've seen, they don't require a second USB power adaptor. It gets all its juice on the one USB line. I've been using it for over a week now with good results. They cost about $25. thanks! -chris ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: METROCAST BLOCKS RESIDENTIAL E-MAIL
Drew Van Zandt wrote: Happens I know the newly-hired IT director for a new library in the New England area... any pointers to info on libraries using Linux thin clients etc. I can pass along to them? It just so happens that by day I am the Assistant Director for Technology Services (*yawn*) for the Merrimack Valley Library Consortium, which is a concortium of 35 Massachusetts public libraries. (Aren't you impressed? Not!) Some of our members (at least 2) are considering getting Linux clients from a Canadian company called Useful. They've got systems that can have up to 10 monitors, keyboards and mice connected to a single PC and all being used at once by different people simultaneously. I imagine they've hardwired ptys to each video card/keyboard/mouse combo in the drivers. Yes, it runs X, and it comes with print management and timeout software (two things that most libraries want for public access computers).--I'm a little fuzzy on how much of that extra stuff is Free software. They are going to be at the PLA (Public Library Association) convention this month in Boston. They're having a special demo. session with one of their customers during the show. (They invited me to come for a look, today.) Stop by their booth and I'm sure you can get the meeting details.--I'm not going, so I promptly free()'d that section of my brain when I hung the phone up. As for what my Consortium uses, we have a mix of Fedora GNU/Linux, Solaris, and Winders computers in the server room at the central site in Andover. Desktops as central and at the member libraries are almost all Winders. If anyone wishes to contact me about libraries and technology, feel free to email me at my work address: [EMAIL PROTECTED] You can pass that address on to your friend, Drew. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Used Laptops (was Re: METROCAST BLOCKS RESIDENTIAL E-MAIL)
Ted Roche wrote: At Monday's CentraLUG meeting, Steve Amsden was showing off LTSP. He said the laptops he was using were for sale in bulk for $240 each. Used beaters, and not cutting edge, but the prices are getting amazing! Speaking of used laptops. My 6+ years old Compaq laptop stopped booting recently. After doing the usual perambulations and sacrifices, and it still not working, I yanked the hard drive and slapped that in a nice little USB case to carry about with me. So, I'm in the market for an inexpensive laptop that works, and that would mostly work with Linux or FreeBSD.--If the crappy winmodem won't work, I won't care, so long as the hardware is still functional and it has working ethernet or PCCARD slot for my ethernet card. I'm wondering if anyone knows of good sources for working, used laptops. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: asset management tools?
Paul Lussier wrote: I've never found anything decent. We're in the (very slow) process of writing our own. Part of the problem with an asset management system is that it's a shame to stop there :) Five years ago, give or take, when I was still a system administrator at the University of Kentucky, we came to the same conclusion and built something not quite like what Paul described, but close enough. We made different technical choices but had something that was useful enough. I have no idea if that system is still in place. It was started before I got there, but I made a few enhancements and bug fixes. We included a crude trouble ticket system in it, so we could track events by machine. This sort of thing is never finished because you can always find something to add and ways to improve the software, etc. What we're doing is builing what I called the Grand Unified Database of Everything (I need a better name so I can have a snazy acronym :) I like your choice of name. It could be made into an acronym in two ways, either G.U.D.E or GUDoE. I like 'em both. The first makes me think of gouda, and I'd be inclined to call it cheese instead. Like good cheese, the product could improve or worsen with age. It would depend a lot on how it is handled and the environment in which it is stored. The second acronym makes me think of Samuel Beckett's play, Waiting for Godot. Like Godot, the product may never arrive, at least not in a final state. Anyone waiting for it to be finished would be like the two characters in the play who wait for a Godot who never comes. Well, I'm being bellowed at and must run. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: using make to convert images to thumbs
Python wrote:
I have a client that laid out their images and thumbs into almost
parallel directory structures.
/img/thumb
/x /img
/y /x
/*.jpg /y
/*.jpg
x and y are two digit directory names used to shorten the directory
scans to retrieve files. I thought I could use a Makefile to automate
the creation of thumbs, but this pattern has me stumped.
How so? It is very straightforward. I'd put the Makefile in the /img
directory or just above it. Your target to make the thumbnails would run
whatever program makes the thumbnails with the appropriate options.
If you needed different target directories, you could specify them in
the environment and on the command line. BSD make makes this trivial and
I'm pretty sure that GNU Make works about the same.
Here's an example:
The Makefile:
## Makefile example starts here. ##
IMG_BASE = /img
THM_BASE = /thumb/img
IMG_PROC = /path/to/image/processor
IMG_PROC_OPTS = # default options for image processor
TARGET = # undefined. define on command line
thumbs:
if test ${TARGET} = ; then
echo TARGET undefined
else
${IMG_PROC} ${IMG_PROC_OPTS} ${IMG_BASE}/${TARGET} \
${THM_BASE}/${TARGET}
fi
## Makefile example ends here. ##
Then, on the command line, you might run:
$ make thumbs TARGET=x/y
The above should work with BSD make, and I'm 90% certain that it will
work with GNU make, as well. It might require a little massage to
actually do anything useful.
I am going to just write a script to step through the source tree and
check the corresponding time stamp unless someone offers a suggestion.
(No they will not shuffle things around because they have lots of logic
in place.)
That would work if you have it run periodically and just make thumbs for
new files, or files that have changed. My example above could be used to
do entire subdirectories at once.
If you know much about make, there are ways to make the above fancier
and more bulletproof. For instance, you might want to have IMG_PROC_OPTS
be added to what is specified in the environment rather just being
hardcoded in the Makefile or completely overridden by the command line
environment. This would make it easier to have slightly different
options on a given run.
Also, if you need to specify filenames or globs to the IMG_PROC, you can
do that as part of your target. My assumption above is that the IMG_PROC
can take directories as targets and processess everything in
them.--Perhaps it is a script.
Along the same lines, a fancier solution would run a shell loop over the
files in the TARGET directory, and process each one with IMG_PROC if you
don't have a script to do everything in a directory in one go.
HtH,
Jason
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Re: using make to convert images to thumbs
Jason Stephenson wrote:
## Makefile example starts here. ##
IMG_BASE = /img
THM_BASE = /thumb/img
IMG_PROC = /path/to/image/processor
IMG_PROC_OPTS = # default options for image processor
TARGET = # undefined. define on command line
thumbs:
if test ${TARGET} = ; then
echo TARGET undefined
else
${IMG_PROC} ${IMG_PROC_OPTS} ${IMG_BASE}/${TARGET} \
${THM_BASE}/${TARGET}
fi
## Makefile example ends here. ##
There are errors in the above Makefile example. One that would actually
run through make would like this:
## Makefile example starts here. ##
IMG_BASE = /img
THM_BASE = /thumb/img
IMG_PROC = /path/to/image/processor
IMG_PROC_OPTS = # default options for image processor
TARGET = # undefined. define on command line
thumbs:
if test ${TARGET} == ; then \
echo TARGET undefined \
else \
${IMG_PROC} ${IMG_PROC_OPTS} ${IMG_BASE}/${TARGET} \
${THM_BASE}/${TARGET} \
fi
## Makefile example ends here. ##
I noticed them after I sent the email. Unfortunately, I don't pay as
much attention when typing code in an email than when actually doing
something that I'm going to try to use. ;)
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Re: Standard Unix utilities
Tom Buskey wrote: Solaris has rename(2) also. Just in case someone is reading this and doesn't know the man pages, rename(2) is a system call and part of the C standard library: RENAME(2) FreeBSD System Calls Manual RENAME(2) NAME rename -- change the name of a file LIBRARY Standard C Library (libc, -lc) SYNOPSIS #include stdio.h int rename(const char *from, const char *to); DESCRIPTION The rename() system call causes the link named from to be renamed as to. If to exists, it is first removed. Both from and to must be of the same type (that is, both directories or both non-directories), and must reside on the same file system. The rename() system call guarantees that if to already exists, an instance of to will always exist, even if the system should crash in the middle of the operation. b As Paul and others have pointed out, rename as a command appears to be part of Perl. Apparently, it isn't installed on FreeBSD when Perl 5.8.7 is installed from ports with the standard options. I seem to recall seeing it long ago and far away, probably after installing Perl from source on a Solaris machine 5 years ago or so. Anyway, I, too, have written a few utilities over the years. I wrote my own EOL converter that could handle \r, \n, and \r\n. It was smart enough to figure out what to do so long as you told it what to output. Now, I find perl -pi -e 's/\r//' filename works just about as well for what I usually needed the other one for. Generally, I write a program for anything that I have to do more than once, particularly if it involves a lot of complicated steps. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Standard Unix utilities
Tom Buskey wrote: Why didn't I see rename? Aha. rename is a linuxism. Or GNUism. It's on linux. It's on Cygwin. It's not on Solaris. It's not on Irix. I don't have a BSD system to test, but it might be on that. I bet it's not on HP-UX or AIX. [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ uname -sr FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE-p4 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ whatis rename VOP_RENAME(9)- rename a file rename(2)- change the name of a file ldapmodrdn(1)- LDAP rename entry tool It's not available as a command on FreeBSD. Must be in the GNU fileutils collection. This is why many of us have reinvented the wheel so many times and keep things in our ~/bin :-( You'll find the same things with unix2dos/dos2unix, pkill, killall, df (different options!), anything that looks at disk partitions, etc. Watch out for killall! On some OS permutations it does exactly what it says: it kills all running processess! IIRC, it has this behavior on HP-UX. Thankfully the Unix world has converged a bit. People with OSS systems tended to put tools they needed into the standard distributions and they got propaged. The commercial OS vendors started to follow suit with perl, bash, tcsh. df in Solaris 10 finally has -h (does HP-UX 12.x have -k now?) It has that option in Solaris 9, too. I'm not sure about 8, 'cause I never used 8. We went from 7 to 9. I think we'll see further merging with OpenSolaris. One of the first things that I often do when setting up a new Solaris machine is to install the GNU fileutils, gcc, and several other packages. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: change file names
Ben Scott wrote: On 2/21/06, Jon maddog Hall [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: This is why I really miss the printed man pages. Well, you can always do something like this: cd /usr/shared/man/man1 for i in *.1 *.gz ; do j=$(basename $i .gz) ; j=$(basename $j .1) ; man -t $j | lpr ; done If you have a postscript printer, then: gzip -dc $j | groff -m mandoc -Tps | lpr will get you prettier output. It's pretty easy to convert them to PDF, too. I second the recommendation of not printing them all, though. I've never checked how many pages it would be, but I'm sure it would be a lot! ;) Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: LUA language
Larry Cook wrote: I have not used it myself, but I know that http://www.freepops.org is using it for modules and plugins. Lua is also the scripting language in several F/LOSS, 3-D game programming toolkits. I have no personal experience with it myself, though it looks interesting. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: A rant about ZendPlatform
Randy Edwards wrote: (Forgive me for stating the obvious. :-) Well, folks, I'm peeved. For a $1000 product, I expected *much* better than what I saw. I was shocked at all the stuff it added to my system, and fuming at the fact I had to undo all of their crap by hand. Isn't that the reason most of us are using free software -- to avoid the stupidity and corner-cutting that the entire business model of commercial software forces onto people? I'll second that, and add a little something from my own personal experience: The more you pay for software, the less it actually works. I've found that most of the software systems that I've had to maintain that come with 6-digit (and higher) price tags are complete and utter crap. They require near constant attention from the admin. just to keep them up and running, and should some user be so bold as to make a mistakeWell, beyond that door lies madness. There's a saying that I've heard about SAP, We don't change SAP to suit your business, you change your business to suit SAP. (No, I've never used SAP's software. I just heard that once from a consultant who made ridiculous amounts of money doing SAP installations and troubleshooting.) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Emacs
Tom Buskey wrote: What version of emacs do you prefer? GNU or X? I started with GNU Emacs, and I currently use GNU Emacs. I tried X Emacs for a while, but found it a bit odd in places. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Emacs (was Re: a question about evim)
Paul Lussier wrote: Jason Stephenson [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Fred wrote: ... I use emacs extensively, and get annoyed with the backup files too. So I wrote a bash script I run peroidically to copy *all* the backup files in the directory tree to /tmp. All you need to get rid of the backup files in emacs is the following line in your .emacs file: (setq make-backup-files nil) You can also do this interactively, but the keystrokes are rather arcane. ;) How so? M-: (setq make-backup-files nil) I was thinking more along the lines of: M-x set-variable\r make-backup-files\r nil\r M-: is probably quicker--less typing of the return key. Hmm, I wonder what the difference between (setq make-backup-files nil) and (setq version-control never) is... Ahh, I see. version-control determines whether or not you get multiple backup files with version numbering like foo.txt.~1~ and foo.txt.~2~. So having version-control set to nil means I can still get foo.txt~, but won't get the version numbered files. Setting make-backup-files to nil means I don't even get the simple backup file. And note that neither of these options affects auto-save, which in most cases should *NOT* be disabled :) Yes, but I also have auto-save disabled. I've not used auto-save in emacs in over 12 years! As someone suggested earlier, I use revision control (cvs in my case) for all of my important files. On a side note, I use vim when I have to or when it is more convenient than emacs, like when logging in remotely to a server or when making a quick configuration file change. I almost got bitten at work today with a difference between emacs and vim. In emacs, when you write your current buffer to a file with a different name than the original file (i.e. doing something like a Save As...), the buffer is now associated with the new file. In vim, apparently, this isn't the case, so when I wanted to make a new version of a shell program today I did the ESC :w newfilename sequence to write the file out before making my changes. Being used to emacs, I naturally assumed that a later :w would put the changes in the new file, but they went in the old one. Had I not noticed the filename when vim reported it was saving the file, I'd have wondered why the new program did exactly what the old one did! A cp and 2 mvs later, and it was all sorted out. I also find myself automatically typing emacs key sequences in other text editors on occasion--not in vim, however! Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: BSD User's group?
Jeff Kinz, thanks for the tip on UTF-8 and grep. I'll give that a try on Tuesday. I also thought of one other problem that I've encountered with FreeBSD. With two releases, 6.0 and one of the 4.x releases, the installer didn't work right on my laptop. It actually skipped a couple of the steps, like setting the root password, when doing a fresh installation and not an upgrade. However, on that same laptop, I could not get video to work with Fedora Core 4. I even tried the nofb kernel option, which I read online often helps. I occasionally use this laptop, a 6-year-old Compaq Presario for testing things. I need a new laptop anyway. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: BSD User's group?
Tom Buskey wrote: SMP and journaling file systems. BSD belives in FFS and doesn't think journaling is the way to go. Yes, but with UFS2 and soft updates one does not need a journaling filesystem. Don't ask me for the details right now, I'd have to look it up again. :) NOTE: I am NOT a kernel hacker, but I've read Marshall McKusick's books on the internals. FreeBSD does SMP. The implementation used to be better than what Linux had at the time, then Linux improved with help from IBM and others. The FreeBSD SMP implementation was changed, I believe, for 5.x and possibly again for 6.0. I'm not sure on the SMP details, since I haven't touched a MP machine with FreeBSD or Linux in about 3 years. It ran FreeBSD 4.something and Debian GNU/Linux (Sarge? Slink? Potato?) just fine. (We built two of them for testing purposes. They had Tyan Tiger motherboards and two Athlon processors. IIRC, the Athlons ran at 1.7 GHz each.) Right now, I'd wager that Linux does SMP better than FreeBSD. If you're running on non x386 hardware, OpenBSD and NetBSD will work as well on them as on 386en. Linux tends to focus on the PC with the possible exception of PPC. Yes, they run on other archs, but things will be missing or not available. The 386 vs the sparc vs the alpha vs the PPC version of NetBSD/OpenBSD will work mosly the same. Yes, NetBSD is perhaps the most ported and most portable software on the planet. I forget how many architectures they claim to run on at the moment, but it is more than any other OS/kernel. I have not used NetBSD much except for trying to repair an old Sparc box that had it installed at a previous job. The problem ended up being a dying hard disk. (What's new, right?) Currently, I use OpenBSD on my firewall/router, FreeBSD on this workstation, my web and email server, and on my laptop, and I have 1 PC that I built for gaming that has Windows XP installed. It's not too hard to explain why I like the BSDs. I like their philosophy of design, and the fact that it is real UNIX. I really like the ports collection, and if installing from source isn't your thing, then packages are also available and usually as easy to install as typing pkg_add -r package_name. With FreeBSD, I feel that I have more control over what is installed on my workstation and how it is configured than I do with most GNU/Linux distros. I have used several GNU/Linux distros, btw. I first started with MkLinux on an old Power Mac in 1996. This was based on RedHat 4.2, IIRC. Then, in 1999, I built my current workstation and installed the then current Slackware 4.0 on it. I upgraded that over the 'Net to Slackware 7. In 2000, I started working at the University of Kentucky's Engineering Computing Services. There, I got some more experience with Red Hat on some of the Mechanical Engineering workstations and Debian GNU/Linux on some of the application servers in the computing center. I also got my first exposure to FreeBSD there as it was used on the file servers and mail servers. My immediate boss, the Senior UNIX Admin., also used FreeBSD on his workstation. When I built my workstation for work there, I installed FreeBSD, too. (I should add that we had HP-UX, Solaris, and IRIX workstations as well as servers that we also had to look after. It was a very heterogenous environment and I learned a lot while there.--My first experience with UNIX was on an AIX server while an undergraduate at B.U.) I came to like FreeBSD, and after just a couple of months, I converted my workstation at home to FreeBSD and haven't used any other OS on it since. I originally installed Red Hat 7.something on my laptop, and upgraded it to Red Hat 9 before switching it to FreeBSD last summer. At my current job with the Merrimack Valley Library Consortium, we have a mix of Windows, Solaris, and Red Hat Fedora Core servers that I'm responsible for keeping up and running. I actually chose Fedora for this environment because 1 server was already running an older Red Hat release when I got there, and so the other two guys in computer operations were somewhat familiar with it. (On a side note, has anyone noticed that a system running Fedora Core 4 feels slower than it did when it was running Red Hat 7.3? I blame changes in the kernel options, but haven't delved too deeply into it. Namely, it seems to take longer when grepping through files. The performance is acceptable for email, though I'm thinking of writing a program to convert the password database to the FreeBSD format so I can switch the server to FreeBSD.) Anyway, I see I've not really given much insight into what is so great about FreeBSD. This has mostly been a rambling biographry of my experience with UNIX and UNIX-like operating systems. I'm sorry for that and perhaps I could come and give a talk on the virtues of FreeBSD.--I mean to get to many of the meetings at Martha's but somehow never manage to get there. I think I've
Re: BSD User's group?
Martin Ekendahl wrote: Does anyone know of any BSD user groups in NH or the greater Boston area? I've been a long time user, but always get drawn back to BSD bases systems for some reason. BLU? at http://www.blu.org/ might fit. However, it seems rather Linux-centric. I hang out on this list (and not any from BLU) and I'm a big FreeBSD fan, and I'm also not from NH, but MA (at the moment, anyway). I used to subscribe to several of the FreeBSD mailing lists, but unsubbed when moving to MA in 2002 and only resubbed to FreeBSD-announce. If enough people are interested in starting something, I might be able to find the time to help out. I really shouldn't promise anything, though. -Martin ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Any Opinions on SuSE 10.0 vs other Distros
Ben Scott wrote: On 12/21/05, Michael ODonnell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't mean to turn things into a Gnome-vs-KDE thing, but I'm a KDE guy and options are good. Pick your preference. Awww, c'mon now fellers - make up your minds. Is it Gnome vs. KDE, or KDE vs. Gnome...? ;- Neither. FVWM rules! ;-) None of the above. Blackbox all the way! This is what I currently use. If I had to choose between KDE and Gnome, I'd definitely choose KDE. However, I'm biased having been a KDE committer from '99 to '01. I *think* I still have CVS access but haven't done anything with it since my daughter was born. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: any good light shareware/freeware to detect hardware configuration?
The previous two suggestions are pretty solid, and I'll second the Knoppix suggestion. However, my usual approach to used hardware (and I deal with a lot of it) is to open the case and take the parts out. I generally write down the serial and part numbers and maker names off of the bits and pieces and then start Googling for the stuff that I've not seen before. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: set default file permissions for a directory
In your first post, you said that you can set the umask to 002. Have you tried that? I'm pretty sure that even using scp actually logs in the user enough so that the shell environment is set up and things like the umask set in .profile or whatever for their shell is sourced and does work. At least it does seem to in my experience. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: call to arms
Bruce Dawson wrote: OOo.org and XML are good steps in the right direction because they allow quick and easy analysis of documents, and provide structure to new documents. But screen readers aren't the solution that's needed. That is a key point! A FLOSS screen reader doesn't actually have to read the screen. It can read the document data directly if it's something open like XML with text data. (Stuffing binary into XML as MS does is generally considered a bad idea.) If the technical aspects of that issue can effectively be hammered home so that even a legislator can understand it (Good luck, there!), then that's another strong advantage in favor of XML and open standards! ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: where to buy a new system.
I generally build my own for home and home business use or use used PCs that others are throwing out. I buy my parts generally from MicroSeconds in Salem, the CompUSA in Salem, or from www.computergate.com In doing price comparisons online, Computer Gate usually has the best price on name brand stuff. I've never had to return anything that I've bought from them, so I can't really speak to their customer service. I have been getting parts from them for 6 years now. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: SOHO Backups?
John Abreau wrote: Jason Stephenson wrote: I have heard that you can burn a tar file raw to a CD-R and then treat it like a tape. I've never gotten that to work, so I assume this is an urban legend. You can burn *any* file to a CD-R, assuming it's small enough to fit. The problem is that you then don't have a filesystem on the CD-R, so you can't mount the disk like a normal CD; you need to read it back from the raw device the same way you wrote it. Yep, but I never got the untar bit to work, even with the same device name. Might try it again sometime. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: SOHO Backups?
Lawrence Tilly wrote: What about the software side of the discussion. Assuming a basic backup strategy around either CD-R or DVD-R, what are your favorite tools for scheduling and handling nightly ( incremental ) backups and periodic full? I've seen scripts for doing incremental backups to CD-R. If you try searching the FreeBSD.org mailing lists for cdrecord or some such, you'll find some that have been posted there. Personally, I just make snapshot backups periodically. I burn to CD-RW generally, so I blank the disc and replace it's contents. [Snip] For myself I am very happy and comfortable w/ command-line solutions. However, an intuitive GUI would help my significant other participate as well. At the same time, I would prefer if it could be kicked off via cron. Maybe something that's configured and can run restores via GUI but executed via cron? Maybe I'm asking too much? :-) I have a script that I wrote that basically just runs mkisofs with the options to create an ISO. It makes a directory structure using the graft-points option. I also include Rock Ridge and Joliet extensions. It gathers up the directories I want and ignores a couple. Whenever I need to change the directories that I'm backing up, I just modify the script. This is rather rare, though, because I have a pretty well-defined directory structure on my workstation. I mainly just backup my home, a cvs repository, and a /home/root where I keep copies of the configuration files from all my home servers. I run cdrecord manually from the command line, but the cdrecord step could easily be added to the script. I find it's very easy to fire up rxvt, su to root, run my script, and then type in the cdrecord options. I haven't put any of this in cron, but I'm sure it would work from there. I only make a backup once every week or two, or if I've been making heavy modifications to some of my projects. As for restores, I've copied data from my backups a couple of times that I remember. All I do for restore in my situation is cp -Rp or some such. There's a complicated trick that you can do with cpio that's faster, but I can never remember the proper command line switches. ;) I have heard that you can burn a tar file raw to a CD-R and then treat it like a tape. I've never gotten that to work, so I assume this is an urban legend. At my day job, we use DAT for backup, but we have gigs and gigs to back up there. At home, I just have about 350 MB of stuff that I regularly backup, so CD-RW works pretty well for me. I have a few CD-Rs hanging around of particularly dated snapshots. I made them when I thought I was doing something that might cause me to lose files that I might later want to retrieve. They're on a variety of media, and so far I've been able to read them all, and some are now four+ years old. Granted, I don't look at these very often, but I did go through them all this past August just to see what I had on them. HTH, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: SOHO Backups?
Jim Kuzdrall wrote: However, I hear CD-ROM is unreliable even over 12 months, so that's out. I have heard this too. Does anyone know the physical mechanism responsible for the deterioration? I seem to associate the tale with a study at a library, and the CDROMs being scratched by handling. If that is the mechanism, it is irrelevant for SOHO. Exposure to light and excessive heat can deteriorate the dye layer on CD-R and CD-RW media. I've been using CD-RW and CD-R media for backups of my data for the past five years and have had no real issues. I have had some cheap CD-R discs that either don't burn (cdrecord reports media errors) or that have had read errors after sitting about for 2 to 3 years. I have not had any problems with CD-RW media of any sort, but I also don't buy cheap CD-RWs. I've actually rewritten the same disc consistently for 4 years. This disc actually outlived my first burner! I find that there is a huge difference in longevity between different manufacturers and at different price points. The cheap stacks of no-name CD-Rs that you get for 10 cents a piece don't last nearly as long, nor are generally as reliable as the discs that cost close to $1.00 each. I also tend to only buy Fuji Film or Taiyo Yuden discs for my serious tasks. Though I have to admit I've had some pretty good luck with a cheap stack of Ritek-made discs with the ATT brand on them. I have used these backups, so they have had real world testing. I've used them to copy my important data onto a new hard drive when I last upgraded my system, and when switching from GNU/Linux to FreeBSD. I generally backup everything overwriting what's on my disc each time. I often make two copies, just in case, though I keep them both generally near the computer, so if there's a fire, I've lost everything.--I mainly do them in the more likely event of hardware failure. If you're just backing up a few hundred megs of data then CD-RW/CD-R media is fine. A couple gigs and I'd look into backing up on DVD+-R/W. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Hardware FAQs and the wiki? [ was Alternative to k3b? ]
Tom Buskey wrote: I've used a Matrox G450 to drive dual CRTs. I'll second the Matrox G450 recommendation. I've used 'em for the exact same purpose back before they were inexpensive. Ran it on a triple boot system with Debian GNU/Linux, FreeBSD 4.x, and Windows 2000 Pro. Worked great in all environments with dual monitor support. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Attempt at cgi mail exploit
The funny thing, to me, is that I see stuff like this in my mail logs all the time, both at my day job and at home: 2005-08-30 00:20:36 SMTP protocol violation: synchronization error (input sent without waiting for greeting): rejected connection from H=[81.12.246.11] input=POST / HTTP/1.0\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\nContent-Length: 833\r\n\r\nRSET\r\nHELO sightz.com\r\nMAIL FROM:[EMAIL PROTECTED]\r\nRCPT TO:[EMAIL PROTECTED] (I changed the email addresses to protect the [not so] innocent.) Apparently, someone learned to program HTTP and figures everything is a web serverNot so clever hackers. (And, yes that is coming in on port 25.) BTW, trying to exploit cgi mail programs is an old trick. I've seen failed attempts at posting to common cgi mail programs on my server for ages. What's funny is that I use my own, custom contact form and cgi (written in C, no less). It only sends email to me, and it requires that all fields be filled out. The reason it's funny is that I've taken the name of a common cgi mail program, swapped the first and second syllables of the name, and removed the file extension (which is meaningles on *NIX anyway). Of course, no one has ever used it to send me mail, except for myself during testing. :( ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Annoying question: Installing W2K or WXP on a Linux-only box
Try this: htt://www.sigio.com/articles/win2k.html It was how I got Windows 2000 to install and boot on a computer with FreeBSD 4.x on the main disk. You can pretty much ignore the FreeBSD-specific stuff in there. Also, feel free to ask if you have any specific questions related to it. Cheers, jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Annoying question: Installing W2K or WXP on a Linux-only box
I wrote in error: Try this: htt://www.sigio.com/articles/win2k.html Yeearrggg! Left a p outta there! http://www.sigio.com/articles/win2k.html The key is to disconnect the first hard drive; hook the second hard drive up as the first; then install Windows. Windows wants to be on the first disk and will only install it's boot loader on the first drive. After you get it faked out, you can easily use grub to make it boot. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Java on Debian (wow that was easy!)
For some real fun, try installing Java from the source! Warning: This is not for the easily frustrated, and it probably helps if you have a masochistic streak! ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Sometimes, I think Zawinski just might be right.
Paul Lussier wrote: [...] I'm more inclined to blame AbiWord... It sounds like it's generating bad postscript. Especially since it sounds like you can't even export to PS and open it with a ps application (incidently, did you try using gv or ghostview rather than xpdf?). I'm inclined to blame AbiWord, too, now. I'm not the only one to have a problem with AbiWord's PostScript output. http://www.abiword.org/twiki/bin/view/Abiword/FaqPostscriptOutputProblems Now, the question is, do I go to the bother of installing Open Office just because I occasionally need to print some word processed document? Or, do I just redo everything in TeX? Depends upon what you want? If you know TeX pretty well, it may well be a lot faster. I find OO to be a pain when you need to do any heavy-duty formatting. I keep my resume in text and in PDF. I use LyX to create the PDF from the LaTeX which LyX exports. I tried migrating to OO, and it didn't pass my 30-min. test (after 30 min. of fighting with OO, I still didn't have a decent layout of my resume!). I know TeX well enough. I reformatted the letters that I was working on yesterday to get more than desireable output. Printed with no trouble, too. Think I'll stick to TeX from now on. Of course, LyX isn't without it's frustrations either. It's often difficult to change a default template without knowing how to hack the LaTeX code... Y'know, I actually tried LyX about 6 or 7 years ago, before I tried AbiWord. I should probably give it another go. It was a niftly little program back then, and I imagine it hass improved. It had some rough edges as I recall. I was actually pondering writing my own TeX editor or giving LyX another try even before reading your message. (The world really doesn't need another text editor or word processor, does it?) Right now, I'm inclined to ask, along with Jamie Zawinski, What year is this? Why is this stuff such a pain, and do I really want to put up with this? One solution is to not print. I find I waste significantly less paper and ink that way :) I really don't print that much personally. At home, I mostly print stuff for my wife by plugging her iBook into my LaserJet via USB. I have it connected via Parallel Port to my workstation and mostly just send it postscript or plain text on the rare occasion that I print something for myself.--I actually had a working Samba config for it, too, and could print from my Windows gaming PC before that PC bit the dust.That, however, is another story. Well, I guess I'm off to reformat my resume in TeX! Cheers! ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: cd burning question
It has been a while since I last used cdrecord, but FWIW, I don't see any errors in the output that you provided. It looks like a clean burn. I've been having some issues on a different OS with different burning software using CD-RW discs. The odd thing is that if I mount the iso and the burned CD, all the files appear to be there and they have the same size... It's hit or miss, too, depending on the disc and the amount of data being written. I think FreeBSD's burncd command may have a problem with the rings that keep getting bigger on CD-RWs as you blank and rewrite them. Oh well, I guess that wasn't very helpful. ;) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: HD partitions?
Here's what things look like on my FreeBSD system: [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ df -h Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s1a248M 56M171M25%/ devfs 1.0K1.0K 0B 100%/dev /dev/ad4s1e 73G 17G 51G25%/home /dev/ad0s1e248M160K228M 0%/tmp /dev/ad0s1f6.6G4.6G1.5G75%/usr /dev/ad0s1d248M 13M215M 5%/var diderot:/usr/home/www 17G1.2G 14G 8%/mnt/www diderot:/usr/home/jason 17G1.2G 14G 8%/mnt/jason linprocfs 4.0K4.0K 0B 100% /usr/compat/linux/proc portal:64651.0K1.0K 0B 100%/p My system is composed of two ATA hard disks, the system disk is 10 GB and I have an 80 GB disk mounted as /home. You'll also see two NFS mounted systems on there and a couple of extras: linprocfs for linux binary compatibility, the portalfs for network portals, and devfs for dynamic device creation. There is also a 2GB swap partition on ad0, the system disk. My system has 1 GB of RAM, and this is the recommmended amount. I have to say though that my system rarely uses more than a couple KB of swap, and that's even when doing something outrageous, like compiling the JDK 1.5 from sources, which I did this past Tuesday. To translate the above into something linux-specific: Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/hda1248M 56M171M25%/ devfs 1.0K1.0K 0B 100%/dev /dev/hdb1 73G 17G 51G25%/home /dev/hda2248M160K228M 0%/tmp /dev/hda36.6G4.6G1.5G75%/usr /dev/hda4248M 13M215M 5%/var On a 200-GB disk, I'd recommend something like the following: swap 2x RAM / 256MB /usr 10GB /tmp 256MB /var 512MB /home - the rest. However, the above can easily change depending upon which distro you choose to install. I'd recommened the above for most distros, Debian, Slackware, or for just about any of the BSD OS. Red Hat likes to make a /boot partition and the put everything else in one big partition. I don't know what SuSe would try to do, 'cause I've never used it. If you find yourself wanting disk space for a web server or database, you can always configure the program to store it's data in /home/. I do this on my webserver with apache's root set to /home/www and the mysql datafiles stored in /home/mysql. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Linux vs. BSD?
Theo is a nut.There, I said it. I got that off my chest. ;) That said, I do use OpenBSD for my homebrew routers, and he makes a few good points. I have used and continue to use in some capacity FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and various flavors of GNU/Linux: Red Hat 6.x, 7.x, 8.0, 9.0, FC3, RHEL; Slackware 4.0, 7.0, 9.1; Debian, several releases and even a machine that had a mix of packages from 2 releases. I've also administered many commercial Unix systems: HP-UX, Solaris 7 through 9, IRIX, and had the pleasure of briefly working with (against?) a system running a very old release of OSF/1. At home, I have a laptop with Red Hat 8 on it, my workstation with FreeBSD 5.4, a web and email server with FreeBSD 5.4, and my internet router/firewall with OpenBSD.--I'm thinking about installing FreeBSD on the laptop before going on a trip this summer, too. In my opinion, there are places where the BSDs, and FreeBSD in particular, are technically superior to Linux. There are also places, such as suport for NUMA and very large scale SMP, where Linux is superior to the BSDs. I can tell you there are situations where I'd choose Linux and others where I'd choose one of the BSDs. The criteria vary with each situation, and I'm not going to draw a hard line like Theo. For my personal use, I prefer FreeBSD. As a programmer and administrator, I like the fact that configuration is done through a well-organized set of text files. I also tend to install most packages from source rather than from binary package files. The ports system on FreeBSD (and the other BSDs as well) makes this very easy. I don't usually inspect the source code for every package that I install, but I do always look through the ports Makefiles for configurable options. In the case of some packages, I'll even go so far as to modify the Makefiles to install stuff in an alternate location, or to change the default choices. In many cases, you don't have to do this, but in some, you do. For my current hardware and situation, it's largely a question of style. I know that GNU/Linux would perform adequately on all of my current systems at home. I prefer the BSD way of doing things for my own computers. At work, we have a couple Solaris boxes and the other 'nix systems are running GNU/Linux. I decided that GNU/Linux would be the better choice for that environment given the technical abilities of the other staff and the fact that the mail server was already running GNU/Linux when I got there. Apart from a couple of very specific problem domains, the main reason that I see for going with one OS over another is largely a question of style, and how you work. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: ps/pdf to text converter
Charles Farinella wrote: Hi all, Does anyone know of or have experience with a tool to turn either ps or pdf documents into text? --charlie I have AFPL ghostscript 8.51 installed and it has 2 utilities that might help you: ps2ascii pdftops The first converts PS to ascii text, the second converts PDF to PS. I think the first might also handle PDF. I've not used them. I found them by doing man -k pdf HTH, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: [Pedantic RANT] Re: [HUMOR] End Times
I *SO* want to invoke Godwin's Law on this thread. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Trade show banner
Bill McGonigle wrote: [insert catchier suggestions here] Code Free or Die! I like this one because it works on a couple of levels if you stop to mull it over. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Question about spamassassin using MySQL
Benjamin Scott wrote: On Apr 25 at 3:13pm, Bruce Dawson wrote: Steven: Thanks for the clarification. I was under the impression that the milter is called only after the message had been received. Obviously, in order to do content analysis or other magic on a message, you have to receive the content. As I understand it, what these tools do is allow the SMTP DATA verb to be sent, and to receive some or all of the data from the sender. Then, before the SMTP result code 250 (Message accepted for delivery) code is sent, the filter runs and makes a decision. If the message fails, an SMTP error status code is sent instead. Yes, that is pretty much how spamass-milter and exim with exiscan-acls works. This is fine as long as your mail volume is reasonably low. As mail volumes increase, however, it becomes impractical to do this all in real time on your MX. We had serious problems at my day job using spamass-milter. Dunno if the problem was with our version of sendmail being buggy or what. (There are known stability problems with spamass-milter and certain versions of sendmail.) Sendmail would lock up, spamassassin would die, and occasionally the swap manager would start thrashing. Sometimes a shutdown -r was the quickest way to fix the mess. This tended to happen when either we were at our busiest part of the day (between 9:00 and 10:00 a.m.) or when processing a message with a large attachment, large being a variable value depending on circumstances. Switching to exim and adding RAM to the system really helped. The computer now has 1 GB of RAM (instead of 512 MB), and processes 500MB+ of mail per week, over 30,000 messages. I'd say that's a medium-sized installation. (I should add that I switched to exim only after adding RAM and still having problems with spamass-milter. I'm not saying that it will do this in all installations, but it certainly did so in ours.) So, if anyone is interested in exim ACLs to use spamassassin, as well as clamav, drop me a line. I've got a set up that works well for 600+ users. Before I send this message, I'm going to pop back in here and add something that I think is appropriate. I've used spamassassin and exim in 3 environments, now. With several different set-ups. What I've found is that spamassassin really shines when each user on the system has their own bayes db, preferences, and auto-whitelist. This is almost always the case in the procmail environment. Spamassassin was, I believe, designed to be used this way, and it is very, very accurate when processing a single user's mail. When spamassassin is used on a system level, as is more often the case when it is run from an ACL or milter, it maintains 1 spam db, 1 set of preferences, and 1 AWL for all the users on the system. This is because spamd normally runs as some user (nobody in my case) on the mail server, and the MTA communicates with spamassassin via spamd. In the case of my current day job, I have to run it this way, because the customers of my MTA (600+ librarians, a few of whom hate computers as an distraction from their real job) don't have the ability to maintain their own bayes db, preferences and white list.--If it's not as simple as point and click, they won't do it, and why should they? It takes time to process all that spam every day. Don't forget, too, that you should run the false positives back through the system so that spamassassin can adjust itself to be more accurate. That's why I have mixed feelings about sites that do unilateral blocking based on blacklists. Many of these systems find 75% of their mail volume is bogus (spam, worms, phishing, and backscatter). They get faced with the proposition of lowering the load on their systems by 90% at the cost of 5% of their legitimate mail. If you're an ISP trying to get by on paper thin margins, that might be considered acceptable losses. Of course, that's cold comfort to those who (like me) *are* the acceptable losses. :( Spam sucks. Yep, it does. With the default spamassassin set up, the RBLs only add to the score of a message, so it's not as bad as rejecting outright. I know many sites also configure to reject any connections from IPs on certain RBLS. I don't use any third-party RBLs for out right blocking, but allow spamassassin to adjust a message's score. I do, however, maintain my own list of known bad actor IPs that I refuse connections from. Keeping track of this list is a bit tedious, but a couple of shell scripts help. Generally, you have to send us spam that makes it through the filter to end up on this list. I know it isn't perfect because of collateral damage, and blocking by IP is practically pointless since IPs in dynamic blocks do actually change. I've considered removing the list for a week to see how it affects the system, and possibly removing it completely if the amount of spam getting through to my end users unfiltered doesn't appreciably
Re: free software alternative to Access
Jeff Smith wrote: I should have used scalable instead of robust. Ideally,the Access design tools would have been designed separately from the db engine. You plug in the db of your choice on the back end. Alas, I'm told you can do that, but I haven't met anyone who a) has done it, or b) can show / explain how to do it. I've done it. It's relatively easy with ODBC. I've had an Access front end application that I created talk to a MS SQL Server 2000 database. You should be able to hook your Access front end up to any database server provided that you have an ODBC driver for your database. I know that they are available for MySQL, and most likely Prostgres as well. I've not used MySQL with Access but have used ODBC to connect to a MySQL server running on Linux from a Windows computer using a custom front end. If you'd like some help with this, you can contact me off list. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Tracking Internet Computers
That sounds interesting, but I wonder if regularly setting your computer's clock via ntpd or ntpdate would defeat this. Having a sysctl MIB to turn off the TCP timestamping would certainly defeat this. I'll wager that if such doesn't already exist in the various BSD and Linux kernels, it will before too long. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Tracking Internet Computers
Just answered my own question. On FreeBSD, there is a sysctl MIB to activate or deactivate RFC 1323 timestamping: net.inet.tcp.rfc1323 Setting it to 1, the default, turns it on, setting it to 0, turns it off. Looking at my OpenBSD machine, I see the same sysctl MIB as FreeBSD. Finally, checking my laptop with Linux kernel 2.4.20, I find net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps, which likely has the same effect. So, if you're worried about the technique being used on you, set those sysctl MIBs to 0, and don't worry about it. ;) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: SLUG meeting tonight 7pm UNH Morse Hall 301 Topic: Video Processing
Bruce Dawson wrote: It goes to gnhlug-announce@mail.gnhlug.org (well, that's the official address). And (!) gnhlug-discuss is subscribed to that list, so it also gets everything sent to the announce list. Though I know the above is the official answer, I'll confirm that I received two copies of the notice, one addressed to gnhlug-announce and the other for gnhlug-discuss. Checking the headers reveals that -discuss appears to be subscribed to -announce. :) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Debian flamewar
Heh. I find this discussion mildly interesting from where I sit, a mostly xBSD user. It's funny, too, 'cause I didn't start using FreeBSD for my workstations and personal servers until I worked in a data center environment with mixed UNIX systems. At the University of Kentucky's College of Engineering Computing Center, we had multiple systems running HP-UX, Solaris, IRIX, Red Hat GNU/Linux, Debian GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, and even 1 web server with OpenBSD for a certain network/clustering research group that some on this list have probably heard of. Also, the two of us in the UNIX Support Group were responsible for several dozen other UNIX and Linux workstations spread throughout the college and not just the servers in the back room. It was largely the issues of package management that made me decide to go with FreeBSD and OpenBSD for my computers at home, instead of various flavors of GNU/Linux. I found the ports collections to be the solution to deb and rpm hells. In almost every case, I cd into the program's ports directory, type 'make install' and the software builds, installs, and then runs with no hitches. There's very little to package manage and that's how it should be, IMHO. I experienced all kinds of problems on the Linux machines, mainly because we were a research institution and the profs would need some bizarre hardware combination that wouldn't quite work with the default packages from the various releases. It became a nightmare trying to maintain a machine loading packages from 2 different Debian releases, or trying to install binary RPMs on some of the RedHat machines with different kernels, etc. It soon became routine for my colleague and I to install nearly everything from source code on certain machines because we knew that the packages would not work. I have found that installing from source, and knowing what different gcc and make errors mean, is the only way to get software that will run on your machine 100% with no faults other than their own bugs or bugs in the libraries they link to. It can be time consuming to maintain a machine with source-compiled binaries, but I haven't found any update routine that's simpler or more sure-fire than: cvsup -g -L2 /home/root/sup/FreeBSD-ports-supfile pkg-delete -a cd /usr/ports/[pkg-cat]/[pkg-name] make install clean The last two lines need to be repeated for each package you wish to install. I can't count the number of times I've had apt-get update apt-get install fail and for what reasons when. I've also dealt with RPM-hell of having to install RPM after RPM, just to get the one thing that I want to use installed. I've also had installs fail on some machine, again because of custom packages needed for one reason or another. I can tell you that I've only ever had two package fail make install in FreeBSD ports because one time I updated right after a change to one package, and the second time because the package maintainer had written his makefile to check for the headers from a specific version of the mysql libs and I'd installed a more recent one. In both cases, the fixes were simple changes to the makefile that I sent off to the package maintainers. One was incorporated into the makefile, and the other maintainer wrote back thanking me, but that he'd already updated the repository with a better change. I've not ever had a problem with ports on OpenBSD, but I've used it much less. Oh, and don't get me started on the package management in IRIX, HP-UX, and Solaris. They have varying degrees of success and failure, and you often have to go to third party sources on the Internet or resort to installing things from source for the useful stuff. Anyway, to me, it isn't software without source code, and I do prefer to install from source because then you know it works with the libraries installed on your system because it was compiled against those very libraries. You don't need to worry about binary compatibility issues between different library and kernel versions busting your binary packages. Yeah, you could end up with something that doesn't compile, but at least then, you can see what the problem is and fix it yourself. Well, gee, that was longer than I anticipated. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: HP/Compaq Presario and Linux
Travis Roy wrote: I'll second this. In fact, every Compaq that I've ever seen does this. It's usually the last partition on the disk, is roughly 32MB in size and generally of a type not recognized by Linux fdisk or fips. It was actually the first partition and it was 5 GIGS in size. Guess it varies by model. :) Now that you mention it, I believe the partition on my laptop is about 2GB in size, but I'm certain that it is partition 4. IIRC the partition was 32MB on a Presario desktop from '95 that I used until two years ago as a gateway/firewall. It ran OpenBSD like a champ. You say that like new computers come with rescue CDs.. This Compaq did not. There is a utility to create them to CD-R(W) media, but you're only allowed to do it once. That's one of the reasons I stopped buying named brand computers several years ago. I generally build my own, so I don't have to worry about such things. I know, not everyone has that luxury and it isn't helpful in answering the question. I did manage to finally get FreeBSD working. What I ended up having to do was repartiton the drive, let it recover to partiton 2 (the next one after the rescue partiton). It left the other two new partitions along. Linux CDs still would not boot correctly, still no idea why. The only ones I could get were a live rescue CD (not Knoppix). Anything else would just cause the system to reboot. It's very likely that HP/Compaq have changed a few things. ;) I have not had any real issues with my Compaq laptop running either FreeBSD or Linux, or even Win98SE that came with it. Y'know, there might be a setting in the BIOS that turns that silly check off. Have you ever seend the Compaq BIOS configuration utility? Nice and graphical and all.Gives me the willies. I'd check my laptop for you, but when I installed a 20GB drive on it after I got Linux running, I decided not to put the BIOS partition on there. Still works, I just can't change the BIOS and it won't sleep properly. Seeing as little as I use it these days, it doesn't really matter. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: HP/Compaq Presario and Linux
Jerry Feldman wrote: Most PC vendors today place a hidden partition from which you can reinstall or repair the OS. The reason for this is that they do not have to provide you with an installation CD. Right. I'm aware of that. It's another reason why I don't buy named brand PCs. They advertise an 80 GB disk, which they're measing in base 10, so really it's only a 72 GB (or so) disk, then they put some 5 to 8 GB partition on the disk with the install medaia, so really you're getting a 64 GB disk. It's all there if you bother to read the fine print. Personally, I'd rather have the install media on a bootable DVD and have the full use of my disk, thanks. In general, I would probably buy a Dell or HP/Compaq depending on the price and features, although I might also buy a system with Linux preinstalled. I don't think Dell does the above, at least not on the Optiplex and PowerEdge lines. Frankly, if I were buying a PC from a name brand maker, and I was concerned about support, I would buy nothing but Dell or Apple. Where I work, we buy Dell and Sun hardware, and I have pretty much the final say on what we buy. Since my boss is concerned about support, we buy the Optiplex machines for the 3 year warranty, etc. If I had the time at my current job, I'd actually assemble our own workstations.--I'm busy enough as it is. :) That said, I've not really had to deal with tech support at any company, much. I generally fix the problems myself before I get to the point of calling. So, we're wasting money on support, but it makes my boss happy to think we have it, in case we need it. ;) I haven't dealt with Dell's tech support in over three years, and when I did I found it acceptable. Compaq, I've never called them. Gateway, I've heard is abysmal, but judging from the overall quality of their machines, it's not surprising. ;) Now, I have dealt with tech support from a couple of motherboard manufacturers recently and got a satisfactory response every time. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: HP/Compaq Presario and Linux
Jon maddog Hall wrote: It is not just that they want to save the cost of the CD, but some companies are ordering systems without CD drives because they want a thin client on the desktop...something without floppies and/or a CD...something that could boot over the network and be diskless or be (re)installed standalone with only a hard disk. All data comes through the corporate server. They view floppies, CDs and USB Flash devices as just another way of having games and viruses introduced into the work environment. Yep, I know all about that paranoia. I work for a consortium of Massachusetts public libraries. I've long thought that thin client is just market speak for rip-off. In other words, you pay more for less computer. Yeah, there are places where they work, but there are places where they don't. I prefer to assemble my own gear, 'cause then, when something breaks, I generally know what broke and what it'll take to fix/replace it. I know that's not an option for everybody, but if you're getting into GNU/Linux or similar territory, then you can't rely on the big vendors to hold your hand. That's what lists like this are for. I realize that the OP is in a situation where he doesn't have control over the hardware that was acquired. That's an unfortunate situation to be in and I face it occasionally at my current job and used to face it constantly at previous employers. In this particular case, I'd recommend installing Cygwin and forget about dual booting. Pretty much anything you'd want to do for network monitoring on GNU/Linux you can do with Cygwin, unless you want to turn the box into a packet shaping firewall, which I don't gather the OP wants to do. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: HP/Compaq Presario and Linux
Benjamin Scott wrote: Keep in mind that many Compaq's keep the BIOS setup program on disk, where just about everything else keeps it in firmware. That means that if you blow away the utility partition, you can no longer do anything useful to configure the BIOS. I'll second this. In fact, every Compaq that I've ever seen does this. It's usually the last partition on the disk, is roughly 32MB in size and generally of a type not recognized by Linux fdisk or fips. If you do manage to remove this partition, you can get it back by running the recovery CD that came with your Compaq. Then, you'll want to repartition the drive and not touch the one that meets the above criteria. You usually can't miss it, 'cause it shows up as Partition 4 on a system with only 2 partitions. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: cron job verification
Larry Cook wrote: On my Debian boxes, cron jobs send me an email if and only if they have any output. Also on RedHat 8 and Solaris. I would guess that is the standard behavior for all distros. Also on Solaris, HP-UX, *BSD, etc. It's the standard for cron on UNIX or any UNIX-like OS. Also, I believe the mails are sent to root; I have an entry in /etc/aliases which actually sends it to my normal user account. I think it is sent to the account that owns the crontab file, which would be the account you did the crontab -e from. If I want email to go to a list of people I just pipe the output to mail. In vixie cron and most others, you can specify a user to get the mail, it generally looks something like: [EMAIL PROTECTED] man 5 crontab, it's enlightening. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: grub mysteries
Jeff Macdonald wrote: However, that's under Linux. When booting however, Grub sees something else. hd3 becomes hd1! hd1 becomes hd2! Changing grub.conf to point to the correct devices doesn't help. I'm only able to boot using a floppy and specifying root, kernel and initrd command by hand. Has anyone else seen this? This is not a PCI bus ordering thing where ide=reverse would fix things. Grub can be told to map drives to different locations, essentially fooling the OS into seeing the drives as having a different letter in the BIOS. It could be that you have some of that going on in a menu.lst or grub.conf file. I'll wager that it may have been added automagically by the install software of either Fedora or Gentoo. When I configured a workstation to dual boot with MS Windows 2000 on a second hard disk, I had to use grub's map command to fool Windows into believing it was on the first BIOS drive, or Windows would not boot. Look in the grub config files, usually under /boot/grub subdirectory, for lines like the following: map (hd1) (hd0) Where hd1 and hd0 could be other grub drive specifications. Another possibility could be the Adaptec controllers playing with the BIOS' view of the drives and their ordering. I've not ever used an Adaptec IDE controller, but I did have to reconfigure an AHA-2940 controller in order to get it to work properly with grub on the system described above. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: FSF looking for Sys Admin
Mark Komarinski wrote: And that's upstate NY. It's worse in NYC. Taxachusetts indeed. Yeah, I moved from KY to Massachusetts a couple years ago. The sales tax here is lower, in KY it's 6%, and the bite from state income tax is about the same, though lower once you factor in some deductions that MA lets you take that most states don't, like rent, up to a certain amount. Thing I don't understand are the people who live in NH, but work in MA. Frankly, if I did that, I'd demand to vote in MA or refuse to pay the state income tax. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Slightly OT: GPG and PGP Global Network
I don't usually followup on my own list mails like this, but I thought that I'd share what I did. Well, I went ahead and told them to publish that key. However, once I checked it, I discovered that I had already revoked it in 2002! If you query pgp.mit.edu or the new PGP Global Network for my key, you'll see that it was revoked. So, they asked me to verify a revoked keyI think that's a bit odd, but oh well. *shrugs* Now, to set up Enigmail and to generate a new key Anyone want to have a key signing party? Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Slightly OT: GPG and PGP Global Network
About 3 years ago, I published my public key to a PGP keyserver. It has two signatures from friends. I have not used it other than a half-dozen times during the first year after publishing it, in fact, I'd almost forgotten about it. Tonight, I received a message from the PGP Global Network to verify that the key they have for my email address is correct. I have the option to Accept or Cancel. One of the email addresses associated with this key is no longer valid for me. I'm wondering if I should 'Cancel' the key and generate a new one (though I'll likely not use it), or should I 'Accept' the key and then publish my revocation certificate to the server. What do those of you who use PGP/GPG on a regular basis think is the better course of action? Just as an aside, has anyone ever used encryption with Mozilla/Netscape email? I understand that it uses a certificate to identify the user and that you can get one from several sources. Is it compatible with PGP or is it something else entirely? Yes, I know there is a GPG plugin for Mozilla Email and I have considered using it. I just haven't bothered downloading the code. TIA, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Decoding Microsoft (Outlook) Attachments
Why go to all the bother of decoding the winmail.dat attachments? Lookout can be configured to send proper attachments. I've forgotten exactly what the steps are, because I haven't had to help anyone with it in about 4 years. Most folks are thankful for the help if you're polite about it. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: For those following Sender based authentication - a question
Jeff Macdonald wrote: Anybody agree with the following statement? The HELO domain represents the mail provider used by the author of the message and thus is more closely related to the author than any other header within the message. This is from the CSV doc to the FTC. Is is just mean, or does this seem to ignore multiple hops? I disagree with that statement completely, because the HELO can be and often is any-old string the spammer, errr, the author of the message feels like putting in there. You'd be surprised at the number of connections that my mail servers reject from other servers that send either my server's IP number or host name as their name in the HELO. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Ports (was Re: The First Linux Distro?)
Bill McGonigle wrote: As to 'most stable' I've run into unresolvable and/or circular dependency problems with both rpm and dpkg (dpkg more) so frequently of late that I'm about to give up on that method. Nice idea, but 'works sometimes' isn't quite enough. I'm interested in finding out if ports does any better. But since Slackware doesn't attempt such feats it doesn't suffer such problems, so from that perspective it is more stable. I use FreeBSD on two of my computers at home, my main workstation and my web/email server. I also use OpenBSD on my gateway/firewall. Ports do solve most dependency problems that you encounter with rpm and dpkg. Occasionally, I have run into a certain port, mysql++ comes to mind, that assumes you have a different version of a dependency installed, but in those cases, I've had an easy time modifying the Makefile to look for the other version of the package. (Usually that means checking for a different library or header version.) When I find these issues I send a patch to the port maintainer. Of course, that's not so easy for folks who aren't programmers. You can also install pre-compiled packages of things that are available in ports. This works a lot like installing packages on Slack. (I ran Slackware for 4 years before switching to FreeBSD.) You'll occasionally run into problems with dependencies, and they're harder to fix in binary distributions than with ports, so I pretty much install everything from ports. Rebuilding your system, by which I mean updating system source and application source and then recompiling it all from scratch, can take quite a long time. I often set aside a good part of a weekend for a complete source upgrade for my two machines. However, I do believe that the benefits are worth the trade off in time. I don't think that I'd switch my home machines back to a system that relied heavily on binary packages after using ports. It has become so much a habit of how I work. Cheers, Jason ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Making a Windows disk a file on Linux
You've gotten some good advice so far, but I just wanted to mention another alternative that I've done on several different systems, including GNU/Linux and FreeBSD. If you really are interested in having a FAT32 or some specific filesystem available on a drive without repartitioning, then another workable solution is to create an empty file of the desirable size by using dd if=/your/file of=/dev/zero with other appropriate options. You can then format that file with a file system and mount it with the appropriate options. You can read and write to that file as if it were a regular filesystem. I've even used the above to make a bootable file for VMWare. It has been a year or more since I've done that and the specifics vary by OS (lately, I've been using FreeBSD more for that sort of thing), but finding instructions was fairly easy on the 'Net last time I needed to look. Also, if prodded, I could probably get you the proper sequence of commands on your OS choice after a few minutes refreshing my memory with the man and info pages. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Want to reverse engineer Yahoo's multiple photo upload
Jeff Macdonald wrote: Anybody have an alternative that isn't shareware? Yes, Apache (http://www.apache.org/) can be configured as a proxy server and could log/store just about anything you want. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Limiting login SSH attempts?
Bill McGonigle wrote: On Aug 29, 2004, at 19:07, John Feole wrote: What about using TCPWrappers and the /etc/host.allow, /etc/hosts.deny funtionality? I only know about the attack/host-ip after the fact so I can't just add it to the hosts.deny. Does TCPWrappers have some stateful rules? If you know that legitimate ssh connections will only be coming from a certain range of IPs, then you can deny everything but what is in your hosts.allow. You don't have to worry about denying any specific IPs, since you deny everything but what is specifically allowed. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Sound issue
The most likely thing is you don't have the proper cable running from the back of the CD-ROM drive to the sound card. If you built the machine yourself, one should have come with the CD-ROM drive, if not, I'm not sure if anyone sells them, and I don't know exactly what they are called. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
