Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, At the moment of submitting my cleaner patches, I didn't know if you would use the new behavior as default behavior or the old one therefore in documentation I had described that min_clean_segments = 0 would mean normal cleaner behavior. However as the new behavior is now used as default behavior, normal behavior might be confusing. I am thinking about doing the following changes in documentation: in nilfs_cleanerd.conf change # Minium number of clean segments # 0 = normal cleaner behaviour # 0 = start cleaning if less segments are available min_clean_segments 10% to # Minimum number of clean segments # 0 = continuous cleaning # 0 = pause cleaning until less segments are available min_clean_segments 10% I just saw that I had a typo in the word minimum. in nilfs_cleanerd.conf.8 change .B min_clean_segments Specify the minimum number of clean segments. A value of 0 means normal cleaner operation. A value greater than 0 means pause cleaning until less than min_clean_segments are available. to .B min_clean_segments Specify the minimum number of clean segments. A value of 0 means continuous cleaning. A value greater than 0 means pause cleaning until less than min_clean_segments are available. What do you think about it ? If you want to change, will you do changes or should I send you a patch ? Thanks in advance, Bye, David Arendt Hi, On Tue, 06 Apr 2010 19:41:33 +0200, David Arendt ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, here the updated patch Thanks in advance Bye, David Arendt Quick work ;) Looks fine to me. I'll apply it after some tests. Thanks. Ryusuke Konishi On 04/06/10 18:06, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Mon, 05 Apr 2010 15:35:34 +0200, David Arendt ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, here is the patch Thanks in advance Bye, David Arendt Thanks. Looks functionally fine. Just a matter of coding style: The following part of cleaner loop looks bloated. I think it's a good opportunity to divide it from the loop. Also, the length of their lines looks too long. It's preferable if they're naturally wrapped within 80-columns. This is not a must especially for userland tools, however kernel developers often prefer this conventional coding rule. Separating the routine would make this easy. if (cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments 0) { --- from if (cleanerd-c_running) { if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.c\ f_max_clean_segments + r_segments) { nilfs_cleanerd_clean_check_pause(cleane\ rd, timeout); goto sleep; } } else { if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.c\ f_min_clean_segments + r_segments) nilfs_cleanerd_clean_check_resume(clean\ erd); else goto sleep; } if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_cl\ ean_segments + r_segments) { cleanerd-c_ncleansegs = cleanerd-c_config.cf_\ mc_nsegments_per_clean; cleanerd-c_cleaning_interval = cleanerd-c_con\ fig.cf_mc_cleaning_interval; } else { cleanerd-c_ncleansegs = cleanerd-c_config.cf_\ nsegments_per_clean; cleanerd-c_cleaning_interval = cleanerd-c_con\ fig.cf_cleaning_interval; } to } With regards, Ryusuke Konishi On 04/05/10 13:34, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Mon, 05 Apr 2010 09:50:11 +0200, David Arendt ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, Actually I run with min_clean_segments at 250 and found that to be a good value. However for example for a 2 gbyte usb key, this value would not work at all, therefor I find it a good idea to set the default at 10% as it would be more general for any device size as lots of people simply try the defaults without changing configuration files. Ok, let's start with the 10% min_clean_segments for the default values. I really like your idea with having a second set of nsegments_per_clean and cleaning_interval_parameters for min_clean_segments. I am wondering if adaptive optimization will be good, as I think different people will expect different behavior. Someones might prefer the system using 100% io usage for cleaning and the disk not getting full. Other ones might prefer the disk getting full and using less io usage. Well, that's true. Netbook users would prefer suspending the cleaner wherever possible to avoid their SSD worn out.
Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, here the changes Thank in advance, David Arendt On 03/29/10 05:59, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Sun, 28 Mar 2010 23:52:52 +0200, David Arendt ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, thanks for applying the patches. I did all my tests on 2 gbyte loop devices and now that it is officially in git, I deployed it to some production systems with big disks. Here I have noticed, that I have completely forgotten the reserved segments. Technically this is not a problem, but I think people changing configuration files will tend to forget about it. I'm thinking it might be useful to add them internally to min_free_segments and max_free_segments so users don't need to worry about them. What do you think ? Ahh, we should take into account the number of reserved segments. If not so, cleaner control with the two threshold values will not work properly for large drives. If you like to change the current behavior to this behavior, I will submit a short update patch. Yes, please do. I am thinking about getting the number of reserved segments this way: (nilfs_cleanerd-c_nilfs-n_sb-s_nsegments * nilfs_cleanerd-c_nilfs-n_sb-s_r_segments_percentage) / 100 or do you know any better way ? The kernel code calulates the number by: = max(NILFS_MIN_NRSVSEGS, DIV_ROUND_UP(nsegments * r_segments_percentage, 100)) where NILFS_MIN_NRSVSEGS is defined in include/nilfs2_fs.h, and DIV_ROUND_UP is defined as follows: #define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d)(((n) + (d) - 1) / (d)) The same or some equivelent calculation seems preferable. With regards, Ryusuke Konishi On 03/28/10 17:26, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Sun, 28 Mar 2010 14:17:00 +0200, David Arendt ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, here the nogc patch As changelog description for this one, we could put: add mount option to disable garbage collection Thanks in advance Bye, David Arendt Hmm, the patch looks perfect. Will queue both in the git tree of utils. Thanks, Ryusuke Konishi diff -ur nilfs2-utils.orig/sbin/cleanerd/cleanerd.c nilfs2-utils/sbin/cleanerd/cleanerd.c --- nilfs2-utils.orig/sbin/cleanerd/cleanerd.c 2010-03-29 06:05:51.382126765 +0200 +++ nilfs2-utils/sbin/cleanerd/cleanerd.c 2010-03-29 06:32:09.129775882 +0200 @@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ static int nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop(struct nilfs_cleanerd *cleanerd) { struct nilfs_sustat sustat; - __u64 prev_nongc_ctime = 0, prottime = 0, oldest = 0; + __u64 r_segments, prev_nongc_ctime = 0, prottime = 0, oldest = 0; __u64 segnums[NILFS_CLDCONFIG_NSEGMENTS_PER_CLEAN_MAX]; struct timespec timeout; sigset_t sigset; @@ -1215,6 +1215,10 @@ cleanerd-c_ncleansegs = cleanerd-c_config.cf_nsegments_per_clean; + r_segments = ((nilfs_cleanerd-c_nilfs-n_sb-s_nsegments * nilfs_cleanerd-c_nilfs-n_sb-s_r_segments_percentage) + 99) / 100; + if (r_segments NILFS_MIN_NRSVSEGS) + r_segments = NILFS_MIN_NRSVSEGS; + if (cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments 0) nilfs_cleanerd_clean_check_pause(cleanerd, timeout); else @@ -1242,13 +1246,13 @@ if (cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments 0) { if (cleanerd-c_running) { - if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.cf_max_clean_segments) { + if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.cf_max_clean_segments + r_segments) { nilfs_cleanerd_clean_check_pause(cleanerd, timeout); goto sleep; } } else { - if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments) + if (sustat.ss_ncleansegs cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments + r_segments) nilfs_cleanerd_clean_check_resume(cleanerd); else goto sleep;
Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, On 03/27/10 18:48, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi David, On Wed, 24 Mar 2010 06:35:00 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, just for completeness, here is a re-post of the complete patch using cleanerd-c_running instead of local variable sleeping. Bye, David Arendt Sorry for my late response. I'm planning to apply your patch. The patch looks reducible some more, for example, the preparation: + if (cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments 0) { + syslog(LOG_INFO, cleaner paused); + cleanerd-c_running = 0; + timeout.tv_sec = cleanerd-c_config.cf_clean_check_interval; + timeout.tv_nsec = 0; + } + else + cleanerd-c_running = 1; + can be simplified as follows: if (cleanerd-c_config.cf_min_clean_segments == 0) cleanerd-c_running = 1; Well, the cleanerd-c_running=0 would not be needed, but I thought the code would be more understandable if putting it once again here. As I start in paused state, I thought it would also be good to log this paused state. The time initialisation is done here as otherwise it would have always to be done inside the loop using a very very little bit more resources. It think it could be better readable if I would make to functions pause and resume and calling the respective functions. I will make a try and send you the revised patch, so you can tell me what you think about it. And, the status control using cleanerd-c_running seems to have room for improvement. Except for these trivial matters, your change looks simple but effective, and is flawlessly keeping compatibility. If you have a revised patch, please send me for merge. Also, I would appreciate it if you could write some changelog description. Thank you in advance, Ryusuke Konishi Bye, David Arendt On 03/17/10 19:11, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Mon, 15 Mar 2010 22:24:28 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, Well I didn't know that a few days can pass as fast :-) I have attached the patch to this mail. Until now the patch has only been shortly tested on a loop device, so it might contain bugs and destroy your data. Thank you for posting the patch! The patch looks rougly ok to me. I'll comment on it later. At first glance, I felt it would be nice if cleanerd-c_running is nicely used instead of adding a local variable sleeping. Thanks, Ryusuke Konishi If you decide to apply it, please change the default values to the ones you find the most appropriate. Thanks in advance, Bye, David Arendt On 03/15/10 16:58, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:03:45 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, I am posting this again to the correct mailing list as I cc'ed it to the old inactive one. Maybe I am understanding something wrong, but if I would use the count of reclaimed segments, how could I determine if one cleaning pass has finished as I don't know in advance how many segments could be reclaimed ? For example, how about this? nmax = (number of segments) - (number of clean segments) nblk = (max_clean_segments - (number of clean segments)) * (number of blocks per segment) * If (number of clean segments) min_clean_segments, then start reclamation * Try to reclaim nmax segments (at a maximum). * When the cleaner found and freed nblk blocks during the reclamation, then end one cleaning pass. Another approach would be not basing cleaning on a whole cleaning pass but instead creating these addtional configfile options: # start cleaning if less than 100 free segments min_clean_segments 100 # stop cleaning if more than 200 free segments max_clean_segments 200 # check free space once an hour segment_check_interval 3600 Basically in this example if less than 800mb are free cleaner is run until 1600mb are free. If min_clean_segments is 0, the cleaner would do normal operation. The first two parameters look Ok. (I've already referred to these in the above example.) We may well be able to make segment_check_interval more frequent. or do you have something in mind? Do you mean interval of cleaning passes ? For this solution only changes in configfile loading and nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop would be necessary which would lower the risk of introducing new bugs. If this solution is ok for you, I will implement it this way and send you the patch in a few days. Also tell me if the names I have choosen for the options are ok for you or if you would prefer other ones. The option names look fine to me. Or should we use percentage for them? (number of segments is device dependent) Is there anything else that isn't clear? Thanks in advance Bye,
Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, On Mon, 15 Mar 2010 18:09:38 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, In fact by segment check interval I mean the time to sleep before checking again for free space. I used 3600 in the example as this is would be suitable for my workload, but 60 might be a safer default value. Specifying a percentage would also be an idea. I thought about segments as nsegments_per_clean is also referring to segments. I think I will start implementing this now using segments, as changing it to percent wouldn't be big changes. Another idea that comes me to mind would be that specifying for example 10 in any configfile option accepting segments would be 10 segments and 10% ten percent of total segments. Sounds nice. As for nsegments_per_clean, seems like the percentage notation should not be applied because it has a bad effect on memory usage of the nilfs GC cache in kernel. (So, the parameter is limited by a ceiling.) But, I agree that the notation is suited for such threshold parameters. Regards, Ryusuke Konishi For the rest, I think everything should be clear and I should have a patch ready in a few days. Bye, David Arendt On 03/15/10 16:58, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:03:45 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, I am posting this again to the correct mailing list as I cc'ed it to the old inactive one. Maybe I am understanding something wrong, but if I would use the count of reclaimed segments, how could I determine if one cleaning pass has finished as I don't know in advance how many segments could be reclaimed ? For example, how about this? nmax = (number of segments) - (number of clean segments) nblk = (max_clean_segments - (number of clean segments)) * (number of blocks per segment) * If (number of clean segments) min_clean_segments, then start reclamation * Try to reclaim nmax segments (at a maximum). * When the cleaner found and freed nblk blocks during the reclamation, then end one cleaning pass. Another approach would be not basing cleaning on a whole cleaning pass but instead creating these addtional configfile options: # start cleaning if less than 100 free segments min_clean_segments 100 # stop cleaning if more than 200 free segments max_clean_segments 200 # check free space once an hour segment_check_interval 3600 Basically in this example if less than 800mb are free cleaner is run until 1600mb are free. If min_clean_segments is 0, the cleaner would do normal operation. The first two parameters look Ok. (I've already referred to these in the above example.) We may well be able to make segment_check_interval more frequent. or do you have something in mind? Do you mean interval of cleaning passes ? For this solution only changes in configfile loading and nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop would be necessary which would lower the risk of introducing new bugs. If this solution is ok for you, I will implement it this way and send you the patch in a few days. Also tell me if the names I have choosen for the options are ok for you or if you would prefer other ones. The option names look fine to me. Or should we use percentage for them? (number of segments is device dependent) Is there anything else that isn't clear? Thanks in advance Bye, David Arendt Thanks, Ryusuke Konishi On 03/14/10 15:28, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Sun, 14 Mar 2010 14:00:19 +0100, ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, I will try to implement this myself then. Concerning the nilfs_cleanerd_select segments function I was unclear in my post. In fact I did not mean the return value but the first element from the segnums array. Ok. So you thought of determining termination of one cleaning pass by the segment number stored preliminarily. Why not just use count of processed (i.e. reclaimed) segments? Note that it's not guranteed that segments are selected in the order of segment number though this premise looks almost right. It depends on the behavior of segment allocator and the current Select-oldest algorithm used behind nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments(). Nilfs log writer occasionally behaves differently and disturbs this order. I think you can ignore the exceptional behavior of the segment allocator, and rotate target segments with skipping free or mostly in-use ones. In that case, nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments() should be modified to select segments in the order of segment number. Cheers, Ryusuke Konishi -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line unsubscribe linux-nilfs in the body of a message to majord...@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line unsubscribe linux-nilfs in the body of a message to
Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, On Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:03:45 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, I am posting this again to the correct mailing list as I cc'ed it to the old inactive one. Maybe I am understanding something wrong, but if I would use the count of reclaimed segments, how could I determine if one cleaning pass has finished as I don't know in advance how many segments could be reclaimed ? For example, how about this? nmax = (number of segments) - (number of clean segments) nblk = (max_clean_segments - (number of clean segments)) * (number of blocks per segment) * If (number of clean segments) min_clean_segments, then start reclamation * Try to reclaim nmax segments (at a maximum). * When the cleaner found and freed nblk blocks during the reclamation, then end one cleaning pass. Another approach would be not basing cleaning on a whole cleaning pass but instead creating these addtional configfile options: # start cleaning if less than 100 free segments min_clean_segments 100 # stop cleaning if more than 200 free segments max_clean_segments 200 # check free space once an hour segment_check_interval 3600 Basically in this example if less than 800mb are free cleaner is run until 1600mb are free. If min_clean_segments is 0, the cleaner would do normal operation. The first two parameters look Ok. (I've already referred to these in the above example.) We may well be able to make segment_check_interval more frequent. or do you have something in mind? Do you mean interval of cleaning passes ? For this solution only changes in configfile loading and nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop would be necessary which would lower the risk of introducing new bugs. If this solution is ok for you, I will implement it this way and send you the patch in a few days. Also tell me if the names I have choosen for the options are ok for you or if you would prefer other ones. The option names look fine to me. Or should we use percentage for them? (number of segments is device dependent) Is there anything else that isn't clear? Thanks in advance Bye, David Arendt Thanks, Ryusuke Konishi On 03/14/10 15:28, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Sun, 14 Mar 2010 14:00:19 +0100, ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, I will try to implement this myself then. Concerning the nilfs_cleanerd_select segments function I was unclear in my post. In fact I did not mean the return value but the first element from the segnums array. Ok. So you thought of determining termination of one cleaning pass by the segment number stored preliminarily. Why not just use count of processed (i.e. reclaimed) segments? Note that it's not guranteed that segments are selected in the order of segment number though this premise looks almost right. It depends on the behavior of segment allocator and the current Select-oldest algorithm used behind nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments(). Nilfs log writer occasionally behaves differently and disturbs this order. I think you can ignore the exceptional behavior of the segment allocator, and rotate target segments with skipping free or mostly in-use ones. In that case, nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments() should be modified to select segments in the order of segment number. Cheers, Ryusuke Konishi -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line unsubscribe linux-nilfs in the body of a message to majord...@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line unsubscribe linux-nilfs in the body of a message to majord...@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, I will try to implement this myself then. Concerning the nilfs_cleanerd_select segments function I was unclear in my post. In fact I did not mean the return value but the first element from the segnums array. Bye, David Arendt -original message- Subject: Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space From: Ryusuke Konishi ryus...@osrg.net Date: 14/03/2010 12:59 Hi, On Sun, 14 Mar 2010 09:47:55 +0100, David Arendt wrote: Hi, In order to avoid working both at the same thing, do you think about implementing this yourself in near future or do you prefer that I try implementing it myself and send you a patch ? I'd appreciate it if you try it yourself. I cannot commit time to this at least for a few weeks. For the case where you prefer that I try implementing it, here a quick information in natural language how I would implement this in order to see if I am thinking it correctly (line beginning with *** are changed): 1166 /** 1167 * nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop - main loop of the cleaner daemon 1168 * @cleanerd: cleanerd object 1169 */ 1170 static int nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop(struct nilfs_cleanerd *cleanerd) 1171 { 1172 struct nilfs_sustat sustat; 1173 __u64 prev_nongc_ctime = 0, prottime = 0, oldest = 0; 1174 __u64 segnums[NILFS_CLDCONFIG_NSEGMENTS_PER_CLEAN_MAX]; ***_u64 previousfirstsegnum = max value of _u64; 1175 struct timespec timeout; 1176 sigset_t sigset; 1177 int ns, ret; 1178 1179 sigemptyset(sigset); 1180 if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, sigset, NULL) 0) { 1181 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot set signal mask: %m); 1182 return -1; 1183 } 1184 sigaddset(sigset, SIGHUP); 1185 1186 if (set_sigterm_handler() 0) { 1187 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot set SIGTERM signal handler: %m); 1188 return -1; 1189 } 1190 if (set_sighup_handler() 0) { 1191 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot set SIGHUP signal handler: %m); 1192 return -1; 1193 } 1194 1195 nilfs_cleanerd_reload_config = 0; 1196 1197 ret = nilfs_cleanerd_init_interval(cleanerd); 1198 if (ret 0) 1199 return -1; 1200 1201 cleanerd-c_running = 1; 1202 cleanerd-c_ncleansegs = cleanerd-c_config.cf_nsegments_per_clean; 1203 1204 while (1) { 1205 if (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, sigset, NULL) 0) { 1206 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot set signal mask: %m); 1207 return -1; 1208 } 1209 1210 if (nilfs_cleanerd_reload_config) { 1211 if (nilfs_cleanerd_reconfig(cleanerd)) { 1212 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot configure: %m); 1213 return -1; 1214 } 1215 nilfs_cleanerd_reload_config = 0; 1216 syslog(LOG_INFO, configuration file reloaded); 1217 } 1218 1219 if (nilfs_get_sustat(cleanerd-c_nilfs, sustat) 0) { 1220 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot get segment usage stat: %m); 1221 return -1; 1222 } 1223 if (sustat.ss_nongc_ctime != prev_nongc_ctime) { 1224 cleanerd-c_running = 1; 1225 prev_nongc_ctime = sustat.ss_nongc_ctime; 1226 } 1227 if (!cleanerd-c_running) 1228 goto sleep; 1229 1230 syslog(LOG_DEBUG, ncleansegs = %llu, 1231(unsigned long long)sustat.ss_ncleansegs); 1232 1233 ns = nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments( 1234 cleanerd, sustat, segnums, prottime, oldest); 1235 if (ns 0) { 1236 syslog(LOG_ERR, cannot select segments: %m); 1237 return -1; 1238 } ***if ((in_configfile_defined_treshold 0) (segnums[0] previousfirstsegnum)) // one full pass finished or first pass { if more than in_configfile_defined_treshold space available (defined in configfile) { set timout to in_configfile_definied_checktime secs; goto sleep; } } previousfirstsegum = segnums[0]; 1239 syslog(LOG_DEBUG, %d segment%s selected to be cleaned, 1240ns, (ns = 1) ? : s); 1241 if (ns 0) { 1242 ret = nilfs_cleanerd_clean_segments( 1243 cleanerd, sustat, segnums, ns
Re: cleaner: run one cleaning pass based on minimum free space
Hi, I am posting this again to the correct mailing list as I cc'ed it to the old inactive one. Maybe I am understanding something wrong, but if I would use the count of reclaimed segments, how could I determine if one cleaning pass has finished as I don't know in advance how many segments could be reclaimed ? Another approach would be not basing cleaning on a whole cleaning pass but instead creating these addtional configfile options: # start cleaning if less than 100 free segments min_clean_segments 100 # stop cleaning if more than 200 free segments max_clean_segments 200 # check free space once an hour segment_check_interval 3600 Basically in this example if less than 800mb are free cleaner is run until 1600mb are free. If min_clean_segments is 0, the cleaner would do normal operation. For this solution only changes in configfile loading and nilfs_cleanerd_clean_loop would be necessary which would lower the risk of introducing new bugs. If this solution is ok for you, I will implement it this way and send you the patch in a few days. Also tell me if the names I have choosen for the options are ok for you or if you would prefer other ones. Thanks in advance Bye, David Arendt On 03/14/10 15:28, Ryusuke Konishi wrote: Hi, On Sun, 14 Mar 2010 14:00:19 +0100, ad...@prnet.org wrote: Hi, I will try to implement this myself then. Concerning the nilfs_cleanerd_select segments function I was unclear in my post. In fact I did not mean the return value but the first element from the segnums array. Ok. So you thought of determining termination of one cleaning pass by the segment number stored preliminarily. Why not just use count of processed (i.e. reclaimed) segments? Note that it's not guranteed that segments are selected in the order of segment number though this premise looks almost right. It depends on the behavior of segment allocator and the current Select-oldest algorithm used behind nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments(). Nilfs log writer occasionally behaves differently and disturbs this order. I think you can ignore the exceptional behavior of the segment allocator, and rotate target segments with skipping free or mostly in-use ones. In that case, nilfs_cleanerd_select_segments() should be modified to select segments in the order of segment number. Cheers, Ryusuke Konishi -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line unsubscribe linux-nilfs in the body of a message to majord...@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html