[MARMAM] New Paper - Distribution and abundance of beaked whales (Family Ziphiidae) off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA.
Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to announce the recent publication of the following paper in Marine Mammal Science: McLellan, W.A., McAlarney, R.J., Cumming, E.W., Read, A.J., Paxton, C.G.M., Bell J.T., and Pabst, D.A. 2018. Distribution and abundance of beaked whales (Family Ziphiidae) off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA. Marine Mammal Science. DOI: 10./mms.12500 Abstract: Beaked whales are vulnerable to the impacts of disturbance from several sources of anthropogenic sound. Here we report the distribution and abundance of beaked whales off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A., an area utilized by the U.S. Navy for training exercises, and of particular interest for seismic geophysical surveys. From May 2011 through November 2015, monthly aerial surveys were conducted at the site. Beaked whales were encountered 74 times (n=205 individuals) during these surveys. Ziphius cavirostris, the most commonly encountered species, was observed in every month of the year. Mesoplodon spp. were encountered in ten months of the year. Photographs of adult males with erupted teeth permitted six sightings to be identified conclusively as M. europaeus; M. mirus was also photographed just outside the study area. Beaked whale surface densities stratified by depth (0.005–0.007/km2) were among the highest reported in the world for small ziphiids. A quantitative comparison of sightings and stranding records suggests that strandings do not accurately reflect the relative abundance of beaked whale species in this area. We conclude that Cape Hatteras, at the convergence of the Labrador Current and Gulf Stream, is a particularly important year-round habitat for several species of beaked whales. This article is available online at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10./mms.12500 Or, please feel free to email directly for a PDF copy: mclell...@uncw.edu Best regards, William A. McLellan Department of Biology and Marine Biology University of North Carolina Wilmington 601 S. College Road Wilmington, NC, 28403 Cell: 910-599-2294 ___ MARMAM mailing list MARMAM@lists.uvic.ca https://lists.uvic.ca/mailman/listinfo/marmam
[MARMAM] New Publication: Habitat use pattern of the giant parasitic nematode Crassicauda magna within the pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps
Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to announce the recent publication of the following paper in Diseases of Aquatic Organisms: Keenan-Bateman TF, McLellan WA, Costidis AM, Harms CA, Gay DM, Rotstein DS, Rommel SA, Potter CW, and DA Pabst. (2018) Habitat use pattern of the giant parasitic nematode Crassicauda magna within the pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps . Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 127:163-175. Abstract: The giant (>3 m) parasitic nematode Crassicauda magna infects kogiid whales, although only 3 studies to date have provided detailed descriptions of these worms, all based upon fragmented specimens. These fragments were found within the neck region of kogiids, an unusual anatomic site for this genus of parasites. C. magna is a species-specific parasite among kogiids, infecting only pygmy sperm whales Kogia breviceps, and with a primarily cervico-thoracic distribution. To date, however, the pattern of habitat use within the host and transmission path of this parasite remain unknown. We used detailed dissections (n = 12), histological examination of host tissues (n = 2), and scanning electron microscopy of excised nematodes (n = 7) to enhance our understanding of this host−parasite relationship. Results revealed that a critical habitat for the parasite is an exocrine gland in the whale’s ventral cervical region. C. magna male and female tails were found intertwined within the glandular lumen, and eggs were observed within its presumed secretion, illuminating the transmission path out of the host. The cephalic ends of these worms were often meters away (curvilinearly), embedded deeply within epaxial muscle. A single worm’s complete, tortuous 312 cm course, from the gland to its termination in the contralateral epaxial muscle, is described for the first time. This study also provides the first scanning electron micrograph of C. magna, which illustrate taxonomically important features of the heads and tails of both male and female worms. This article is available online at: https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03205 Or, please feel free to email directly for a PDF copy: batema...@uncw.edu Best regards, Tiffany F. Keenan-Bateman Department of Biology and Marine Biology University of North Carolina Wilmington 601 S. College Road Wilmington, NC, 28403 ___ MARMAM mailing list MARMAM@lists.uvic.ca https://lists.uvic.ca/mailman/listinfo/marmam
