Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread Charles Faulkner via Marxism
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thank you very much dave. this is helpful. yes, it is too much to ask for 
simplicity in 2015. 

it's still the early hours here in san francisco. i've given the piece a once 
over but will need to read it carefully. some things struck me though. 

1. she seems to be fixated on whether or not the individuals at charlie hebdo 
are racists, and thus herself, not whether the cartoons themselves (perhaps 
more) were racist. this is suspicious of course. at least since monroe 
beardsley's the possibility of criticism (1970) we are confident to separate 
the work from the artist. racist art can be produced by artists who have no 
such feeling. the intentions of the artist are not necessary to judge the work. 

2. she creates quite a lot complexity that is worthy of rupert murdoch's 
legions (spell correct offered lesions), such as pointing out that their are 
different kinds of muslims, different kinds of africans, etc. she even uses (in 
fact opens with) some fox news rhetorical flourishes. if i may be so quaint, 
i'm not sure how meaningful this is. just because there are different 
ethnicities within christianity (there's a chinese christian church in my 
neighborhood) doesn't mean that i wouldn't recognize a jab at white america in 
a religious caricature containing fat white texans (questions of hegemony 
aside). 

3. this is a bit of a broadstroke and it's early. i'm not sure she really 
adequately addresses whether or not she is a member of the oppressed siding 
with her oppressors. so the title is not something i'm prepared to run away 
from. 

4. wouldn't it be ironic if i f c harlie hebdo is racist, then so am I became 
another slogan of freedom-loving imperialists. 




- Original Message -

From: dave x via Marxism marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu 
To: Charles Faulkner lacena...@comcast.net 
Sent: Thursday, January 15, 2015 10:00:34 PM 
Subject: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui 

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Since the Article11 piece by Olivier Cyran was posted here, I thought this 
reply from the same period, also translated from French, deserved posting. 
Every bit as biting and worth reading. More than enough accusations of 
orientalism and racism to go around in this discussion, IMO. 

http://thecharnelhouse.org/2015/01/15/if-charlie-hebdo-is-racist-then-so-am-i-zineb-el-rhazoui-responds-to-olivier-cyran/
 
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Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread David P Á via Marxism
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A few responses:

On 16/01/2015 12:17, Charles Faulkner via Marxism wrote:
 1. she seems to be fixated on whether or not the individuals at charlie hebdo 
 are racists, and thus herself, not whether the cartoons themselves (perhaps 
 more) were racist. this is suspicious of course. at least since monroe 
 beardsley's the possibility of criticism (1970) we are confident to separate 
 the work from the artist. racist art can be produced by artists who have no 
 such feeling. the intentions of the artist are not necessary to judge the 
 work. 

Aside from death of the author considerations which in my view are
irrelevant, I don't think she's grounding her case on the lack of
subjective racism in the magazine's members, but in the context and
social purpose in which the magazine existed and to which it was
deployed. It's one thing to say that one can be antiracist and produce
racist content by accident, it's another thing to say so when this
content is being used by antiracists to combat racism. At that point we
need some kind of means to determine how content produced by antiracists
to combat racists and taken up for this purpose can still be racist.

 2. she creates quite a lot complexity that is worthy of rupert murdoch's 
 legions (spell correct offered lesions), such as pointing out that their are 
 different kinds of muslims, different kinds of africans, etc. she even uses 
 (in fact opens with) some fox news rhetorical flourishes. if i may be so 
 quaint, i'm not sure how meaningful this is. just because there are different 
 ethnicities within christianity (there's a chinese christian church in my 
 neighborhood) doesn't mean that i wouldn't recognize a jab at white america 
 in a religious caricature containing fat white texans (questions of hegemony 
 aside). 

Well, the key in these distinctions is, in my view, to articulate a case
for distinguishing criticism of Islamists, criticism of Islam, and
racism. If you think all criticism of Islam is per se and necessarily
racist, then sure, she's obfuscating. I personally can't subscribe to
that position though.

 3. this is a bit of a broadstroke and it's early. i'm not sure she really 
 adequately addresses whether or not she is a member of the oppressed siding 
 with her oppressors. so the title is not something i'm prepared to run away 
 from. 

I think she addresses this fairly adequately when she refers to the
oppression secularists and women suffer in the maghreb. Now if your view
is that this is secondary, or irrelevant, on the light of oppression of
racial or religious minorities in Europe, you may still consider that
she's somehow betraying herself. I'm really dubious of propositions like
this, first because I don't consider religious identities worth much,
but second because people aren't singly constituted by the fact of
coming from an area with a given hegemonic religious background. It
would be like accusing Rosa Luxemburg of being antisemite and
anti-polish, since both as a Jew and as a Pole she made a firm case
against religious identities (judaism and catholicism). It also gives no
room for recognition that such religious identities aren't the end of a
person and can themselves be oppressive. In my opinion she makes this
case better than I can hope to, though.

 4. wouldn't it be ironic if i f c harlie hebdo is racist, then so am I 
 became another slogan of freedom-loving imperialists. 

Sure, and all the more likely if the left doesn't come to its senses and
stops this reflexive defence of religion.

--David.
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Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread Charles Faulkner via Marxism
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Aside from death of the author considerations which in my view are 
irrelevant, I don't think she's grounding her case on the lack of 
subjective racism in the magazine's members, but in the context and 
social purpose in which the magazine existed and to which it was 
deployed. It's one thing to say that one can be antiracist and produce 
racist content by accident, it's another thing to say so when this 
content is being used by antiracists to combat racism. At that point we 
need some kind of means to determine how content produced by antiracists 
to combat racists and taken up for this purpose can still be racist. 

yes, i hope that death of author considerations are irrelevant. but that wasn't 
the limit of beardsley's argument. it also applied when the artist herself was 
unaware of her intent or worse, deceptive. the upshot was that the work stands 
on its own quite aside from the intent an artist had when it was made. 
beardsley concluded that criticism was impossible if we had to rely solely on 
author intention. 

so when we actually have the artist's intentions expressed we have a 
complication, not a solution. 

when i was on tour in southeast asia in the marine corps (post vietnam, boat 
people and killing fields) i often saw darkie toothpaste. my apologies for the 
content but for those who are unaware of its existence here is a wikipedia link 
with an image ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darlie ). now if our asian friends 
mention that it was a harmless image only intended to sell a helpful product 
for oral hygiene, i hope we would have a response quite aside from standard 
rhetoric about capitalism. 

i am quite willing to accept that there is a difference between racist art 
employed by a racist and racist art employed by an an anti-racist but both are 
offences if only of different degree. 

Well, the key in these distinctions is, in my view, to articulate a case 
for distinguishing criticism of Islamists, criticism of Islam, and 
racism. If you think all criticism of Islam is per se and necessarily 
racist, then sure, she's obfuscating. I personally can't subscribe to 
that position though. 

i don't. 

religion is simply a fact. it goes well beyond simple accusations of 
oppression. we atheists on the left need to get over ourselves with our pious 
superiority. we are the minority. denigrating religion with offensive 
caricatures of its believers is a doomed project. if we want to claim moral 
superiority over religious hierarchy, we must demonstrate respect for all 
people and condemn goofy ethnic images. 


I think she addresses this fairly adequately when she refers to the 
oppression secularists and women suffer in the maghreb. Now if your view 
is that this is secondary, or irrelevant, on the light of oppression of 
racial or religious minorities in Europe, you may still consider that 
she's somehow betraying herself. I'm really dubious of propositions like 
this, first because I don't consider religious identities worth much, 
but second because people aren't singly constituted by the fact of 
coming from an area with a given hegemonic religious background. It 
would be like accusing Rosa Luxemburg of being antisemite and 
anti-polish, since both as a Jew and as a Pole she made a firm case 
against religious identities (judaism and catholicism). It also gives no 
room for recognition that such religious identities aren't the end of a 
person and can themselves be oppressive. In my opinion she makes this 
case better than I can hope to, though. 

having been oppressed and then siding with liberators who are also oppressors 
isn't so uncommon. 

i haven't gone back to her text yet but she also uses techniques of 
distraction. one such, her claim of being married to a black man. it reminds me 
somewhat of jarheads i knew who married locals, made claims of purity of racial 
thought with proof in their marriage and then went on to express some of the 
most unlightened racist garbage i've heard in my life. and i've dealt with klan 
dialogue! i'm not saying she's being racist herself but maybe, just maybe, her 
defence of charlie hebdo, at a time that it was being criticized for it's 
racism, is little more than locating the butter on bread. 

Sure, and all the more likely if the left doesn't come to its senses and 
stops this reflexive defence of religion. 

who would you say is doing this? 

best regards. 

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Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread Charles Faulkner via Marxism
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my reply with darkie toothpaste example. 

- Original Message -

From: Charles Faulkner via Marxism marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu 
To: Charles Faulkner lacena...@comcast.net 
Cc: Marxism Serve marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu 
Sent: Friday, January 16, 2015 8:25:50 AM 
Subject: Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui 

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Aside from death of the author considerations which in my view are 
irrelevant, I don't think she's grounding her case on the lack of 
subjective racism in the magazine's members, but in the context and 
social purpose in which the magazine existed and to which it was 
deployed. It's one thing to say that one can be antiracist and produce 
racist content by accident, it's another thing to say so when this 
content is being used by antiracists to combat racism. At that point we 
need some kind of means to determine how content produced by antiracists 
to combat racists and taken up for this purpose can still be racist. 

yes, i hope that death of author considerations are irrelevant. but that wasn't 
the limit of beardsley's argument. it also applied when the artist herself was 
unaware of her intent or worse, deceptive. the upshot was that the work stands 
on its own quite aside from the intent an artist had when it was made. 
beardsley concluded that criticism was impossible if we had to rely solely on 
author intention. 

so when we actually have the artist's intentions expressed we have a 
complication, not a solution. 

when i was on tour in southeast asia in the marine corps (post vietnam, boat 
people and killing fields) i often saw darkie toothpaste. my apologies for the 
content but for those who are unaware of its existence here is a wikipedia link 
with an image ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darlie ). now if our asian friends 
mention that it was a harmless image only intended to sell a helpful product 
for oral hygiene, i hope we would have a response quite aside from standard 
rhetoric about capitalism. 

i am quite willing to accept that there is a difference between racist art 
employed by a racist and racist art employed by an an anti-racist but both are 
offences if only of different degree. 

Well, the key in these distinctions is, in my view, to articulate a case 
for distinguishing criticism of Islamists, criticism of Islam, and 
racism. If you think all criticism of Islam is per se and necessarily 
racist, then sure, she's obfuscating. I personally can't subscribe to 
that position though. 

i don't. 

religion is simply a fact. it goes well beyond simple accusations of 
oppression. we atheists on the left need to get over ourselves with our pious 
superiority. we are the minority. denigrating religion with offensive 
caricatures of its believers is a doomed project. if we want to claim moral 
superiority over religious hierarchy, we must demonstrate respect for all 
people and condemn goofy ethnic images. 


I think she addresses this fairly adequately when she refers to the 
oppression secularists and women suffer in the maghreb. Now if your view 
is that this is secondary, or irrelevant, on the light of oppression of 
racial or religious minorities in Europe, you may still consider that 
she's somehow betraying herself. I'm really dubious of propositions like 
this, first because I don't consider religious identities worth much, 
but second because people aren't singly constituted by the fact of 
coming from an area with a given hegemonic religious background. It 
would be like accusing Rosa Luxemburg of being antisemite and 
anti-polish, since both as a Jew and as a Pole she made a firm case 
against religious identities (judaism and catholicism). It also gives no 
room for recognition that such religious identities aren't the end of a 
person and can themselves be oppressive. In my opinion she makes this 
case better than I can hope to, though. 

having been oppressed and then siding with liberators who are also oppressors 
isn't so uncommon. 

i haven't gone back to her text yet but she also uses techniques of 
distraction. one such, her claim of being married to a black man. it reminds me 
somewhat of jarheads i knew who married locals, made claims of purity of racial 
thought with proof in their marriage and then went on to express some of the 
most unlightened racist garbage i've heard in my life. and 

Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread Charles Faulkner via Marxism
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sorry this was to a friend not on the list. 

- Original Message -

From: Charles Faulkner lacena...@comcast.net 
To: Charles Faulkner lacena...@comcast.net, Activists and scholars in 
Marxist tradition marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu 
Sent: Friday, January 16, 2015 9:58:44 AM 
Subject: Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui 

my reply with darkie toothpaste example. 

- Original Message -

From: Charles Faulkner via Marxism marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu 
To: Charles Faulkner lacena...@comcast.net 
Cc: Marxism Serve marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu 
Sent: Friday, January 16, 2015 8:25:50 AM 
Subject: Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui 

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Aside from death of the author considerations which in my view are 
irrelevant, I don't think she's grounding her case on the lack of 
subjective racism in the magazine's members, but in the context and 
social purpose in which the magazine existed and to which it was 
deployed. It's one thing to say that one can be antiracist and produce 
racist content by accident, it's another thing to say so when this 
content is being used by antiracists to combat racism. At that point we 
need some kind of means to determine how content produced by antiracists 
to combat racists and taken up for this purpose can still be racist. 

yes, i hope that death of author considerations are irrelevant. but that wasn't 
the limit of beardsley's argument. it also applied when the artist herself was 
unaware of her intent or worse, deceptive. the upshot was that the work stands 
on its own quite aside from the intent an artist had when it was made. 
beardsley concluded that criticism was impossible if we had to rely solely on 
author intention. 

so when we actually have the artist's intentions expressed we have a 
complication, not a solution. 

when i was on tour in southeast asia in the marine corps (post vietnam, boat 
people and killing fields) i often saw darkie toothpaste. my apologies for the 
content but for those who are unaware of its existence here is a wikipedia link 
with an image ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darlie ). now if our asian friends 
mention that it was a harmless image only intended to sell a helpful product 
for oral hygiene, i hope we would have a response quite aside from standard 
rhetoric about capitalism. 

i am quite willing to accept that there is a difference between racist art 
employed by a racist and racist art employed by an an anti-racist but both are 
offences if only of different degree. 

Well, the key in these distinctions is, in my view, to articulate a case 
for distinguishing criticism of Islamists, criticism of Islam, and 
racism. If you think all criticism of Islam is per se and necessarily 
racist, then sure, she's obfuscating. I personally can't subscribe to 
that position though. 

i don't. 

religion is simply a fact. it goes well beyond simple accusations of 
oppression. we atheists on the left need to get over ourselves with our pious 
superiority. we are the minority. denigrating religion with offensive 
caricatures of its believers is a doomed project. if we want to claim moral 
superiority over religious hierarchy, we must demonstrate respect for all 
people and condemn goofy ethnic images. 


I think she addresses this fairly adequately when she refers to the 
oppression secularists and women suffer in the maghreb. Now if your view 
is that this is secondary, or irrelevant, on the light of oppression of 
racial or religious minorities in Europe, you may still consider that 
she's somehow betraying herself. I'm really dubious of propositions like 
this, first because I don't consider religious identities worth much, 
but second because people aren't singly constituted by the fact of 
coming from an area with a given hegemonic religious background. It 
would be like accusing Rosa Luxemburg of being antisemite and 
anti-polish, since both as a Jew and as a Pole she made a firm case 
against religious identities (judaism and catholicism). It also gives no 
room for recognition that such religious identities aren't the end of a 
person and can themselves be oppressive. In my opinion she makes this 
case better than I can hope to, though. 

having been oppressed and then siding with liberators who are also oppressors 
isn't so uncommon. 

i 

Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread David P Á via Marxism
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On 16/01/2015 17:24, Charles Faulkner wrote:
 yes, i hope that death of author considerations are irrelevant. but that 
 wasn't the limit of beardsley's argument. it also applied when the artist 
 herself was unaware of her intent or worse, deceptive. the upshot was that 
 the work stands on its own quite aside from the intent an artist had when it 
 was made. beardsley concluded that criticism was impossible if we had to rely 
 solely on author intention. 

Sure. I have issues with this position but they are not germane. What
I'm pointing at though is that there is a context. It is not just the
matter of intent, but the matter of the actual outcomes involved.

 i am quite willing to accept that there is a difference between racist art 
 employed by a racist and racist art employed by an an anti-racist but both 
 are offences if only of different degree. 

Sure, but this is affirming the consequent. The question is determining
whether products of an anti-racist magazine, that are deployed to
anti-racist ends, and which seemingly successfully carry out this
purpose, can be said to be racist in the first place. Or rather, at this
point we need a bit of a theory of racist art: is it a formal or a
material issue? Is it contextual or it inheres to particular features no
matter how they are utilised? My own view on these matters is
consequentialist: if something tends to disarticulate and combat racism,
it is not racist; if it does the opposite, it is racist.

 religion is simply a fact. it goes well beyond simple accusations of 
 oppression. we atheists on the left need to get over ourselves with our pious 
 superiority. we are the minority. denigrating religion with offensive 
 caricatures of its believers is a doomed project. if we want to claim moral 
 superiority over religious hierarchy, we must demonstrate respect for all 
 people and condemn goofy ethnic images. 

Capitalism is simply a fact. [...] We communists on the left need to get
over ourselves with our pious superiority. We are the minority.
Denigrating capitalism with offensive caricatures of the bourgeoisie is
a doomed project. Etc. Religion is a fact, just like capitalism and
alienation and class society are facts. A fact we must endeavour to get
rid of.

 having been oppressed and then siding with liberators who are also 
 oppressors isn't so uncommon. 

Perhaps it isn't, but this siding is extremely dubious to me. What's the
theory here, that the PCF is the major cause for oppression in Morocco?
This all seems to presuppose that anticlericalism and oppression can be
straightforwardly conflated, which is really weird to me. I genuinely
don't understand why there's so much reverence for religion. I'd say
it's related to the way it permeates US and English-speaking societies
in general but I could well be talking nonsense.

 i haven't gone back to her text yet but she also uses techniques of 
 distraction. one such, her claim of being married to a black man. it reminds 
 me somewhat of jarheads i knew who married locals, made claims of purity of 
 racial thought with proof in their marriage and then went on to express some 
 of the most unlightened racist garbage i've heard in my life. and i've dealt 
 with klan dialogue! i'm not saying she's being racist herself but maybe, just 
 maybe, her defence of charlie hebdo, at a time that it was being criticized 
 for it's racism, is little more than locating the butter on bread. 

Thing is, at this point those people who have made up their mind that
this is about racism are probably not going to change it. But I don't
see those things as attempts to distract, I see those things as attempts
to place matters in context and to try to call attention and explain to
people that maybe there is something else going on than their default
assumptions. I get the feeling that for some people making arguments of
why something isn't racist seems to be taken as a proof of racism
itself... Let's put it this way: is there any utterance that could be
made by her in the article that might change your mind? Or is it all
going to be read as siding with oppression, defending her material
interest and distracting or obfuscating? The least one can do is assume
good faith, in my opinion.

 who would you say is doing this? 

I'd say your paragraph regarding how religion is a fact and we have to
live with it (like people have said we have to live with rain and taxes
and slavery and illiteracy) counts as what I'd consider reflexively
defending religion.

--David.
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Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-16 Thread Charles Faulkner via Marxism
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 i am quite willing to accept that there is a difference between racist art 
 employed by a racist and racist art employed by an an anti-racist but both 
 are offences if only of different degree. 

Sure, but this is affirming the consequent. 


i am confused here. what consequent am i affirming? as i alluded the art can be 
determined to be racist apart from any adjective you want to employ with the 
artist. 


The question is determining 
whether products of an anti-racist magazine, that are deployed to 
anti-racist ends, and which seemingly successfully carry out this 
purpose, can be said to be racist in the first place. Or rather, at this 
point we need a bit of a theory of racist art: is it a formal or a 
material issue? Is it contextual or it inheres to particular features no 
matter how they are utilised? My own view on these matters is 
consequentialist: if something tends to disarticulate and combat racism, 
it is not racist; if it does the opposite, it is racist. 


how would you say that the images in question combat racism? please don't say 
that it was done by anti-racists because you seem to be saying that if you 
determined a priori that these guys are a-okay, that they can do no wrong. for 
me the proof was in the images. 


 religion is simply a fact. it goes well beyond simple accusations of 
 oppression. we atheists on the left need to get over ourselves with our pious 
 superiority. we are the minority. denigrating religion with offensive 
 caricatures of its believers is a doomed project. if we want to claim moral 
 superiority over religious hierarchy, we must demonstrate respect for all 
 people and condemn goofy ethnic images. 

Capitalism is simply a fact. [...] We communists on the left need to get 
over ourselves with our pious superiority. We are the minority. 
Denigrating capitalism with offensive caricatures of the bourgeoisie is 
a doomed project. Etc. Religion is a fact, just like capitalism and 
alienation and class society are facts. A fact we must endeavour to get 
rid of. 


yea, that's cute but you conveniently left out my 2nd sentence. capitalism and 
religion are very different facts. religion is intertwined with how most people 
see themselves as persons and collectively that is distinct from capitalism. 
indeed, we recently have seen some cracks in a unity of purpose between 
capitalists and religious leaders. one can easily imagine a people throwing off 
capitalism and clinging to their religion. (oops! we don't have to imagine!) 

just as you won't convince people of the efficacy of socialism (or what have 
you) by mocking and insulting them you won't convince them of the errors in 
religion ... only more so. 


 i haven't gone back to her text yet but she also uses techniques of 
 distraction. one such, her claim of being married to a black man. it reminds 
 me somewhat of jarheads i knew who married locals, made claims of purity of 
 racial thought with proof in their marriage and then went on to express some 
 of the most unlightened racist garbage i've heard in my life. and i've dealt 
 with klan dialogue! i'm not saying she's being racist herself but maybe, just 
 maybe, her defence of charlie hebdo, at a time that it was being criticized 
 for it's racism, is little more than locating the butter on bread. 

Thing is, at this point those people who have made up their mind that 
this is about racism are probably not going to change it. But I don't 
see those things as attempts to distract, I see those things as attempts 
to place matters in context and to try to call attention and explain to 
people that maybe there is something else going on than their default 
assumptions. I get the feeling that for some people making arguments of 
why something isn't racist seems to be taken as a proof of racism 
itself... Let's put it this way: is there any utterance that could be 
made by her in the article that might change your mind? Or is it all 
going to be read as siding with oppression, defending her material 
interest and distracting or obfuscating? The least one can do is assume 
good faith, in my opinion. 


but don't you see that the same open mindedness could be extended to cyran? oh, 
but he's someone with a grudge. forget him. 

and i am not discounting her at all. she makes a case that shows how complex 
the problem is. i thought i acknowledged that. and i am grateful to you for 
sharing it because it addressed my earliest questions to the group. however, 
could she say anything that would erase the images and time? how could she? she 
doesn't even address their objectionable content. rather she paints a different 
picture of the people 

Re: [Marxism] If Charlie is racist, then so am I by Zineb el- Rhazoui

2015-01-15 Thread A.R. G via Marxism
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I don't get it, why is this argument more or less acceptable when made by
an ethnic Arab? She is simply repeating the same point of view that has
been rehashed time and again, which is that the cartoons were just mocking
religion. The other side of the argument was not that mocking religion
constitutes racism; it's that that is not, in fact, what the cartoons were
doing.

- Amith

On Thu, Jan 15, 2015 at 10:00 PM, dave x via Marxism 
marxism@lists.csbs.utah.edu wrote:

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 Since the Article11 piece by Olivier Cyran was posted here, I thought this
 reply from the same period, also translated from French, deserved posting.
 Every bit as biting and worth reading. More than enough accusations of
 orientalism and racism to go around in this discussion, IMO.


 http://thecharnelhouse.org/2015/01/15/if-charlie-hebdo-is-racist-then-so-am-i-zineb-el-rhazoui-responds-to-olivier-cyran/
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