[R] Overlay of two graphs of different axes
Though I have read quite a bit, and tried quite a bit, I have yet to find a nice way to overlay 2 or more curves in the same plot, with different ranges. Here is simplified sample code to demonstrate the question: plot(2*(seq(1,5)), type=l, axes=FALSE) curve(2*(seq(1,5)), type=b, add=TRUE) Error in curve(2 * (seq(1, 5)), type = b, add = TRUE) : 'expr' must be a function or an expression containing 'x' axis(2) curve(x^2, 1, 5, type=b, add=TRUE) axis(4) Firstly, as an aside, I am not clear why 'curve' has a different syntax compared to 'plot'. As a still beginner, I'd for one would be happy to add curves to a plot; curves of just different parameters. Though, I guess, there must be a good reason? Mostly, however, I wonder how to plot a number of curves into an original plot, that re-defines the min/max from the most recent curve. In the example that I constructed, axis(2) does exactly the expected thing. What I want to do next, though, with the least effort, is to add another function in a manner that the added function is scaled, not according to the first function (plot), but to fit into the plotting area. (The example above overshoots the range). Plus, how can I subsequently add the axis suitable to the most recent function? That is, how can I render axis(4) to displaying the scale for the second graph, created with 'curve'? Thanks in advance, Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Consistent behaviour of for-loop
First my excuses if I keep bugging everyone in this list, but I am a newbie, and tend to find some behaviour that looks unexpected to me; and I would really appreciate to be pointed to some location that allows me to understand more about this software. Here is my next question: par(mfrow=c(1,1)) qqnorm(rnorm(20)) qqmath(rnorm(20)) par(mfrow=c(3,4)) for(i in 1:12)qqnorm(rnorm(20)) Until here everything works as expected, and the last line prints 12 samples of qqnorm. However, for(i in 1:12)qqmath(rnorm(20)) is doing nothing at all. As I wrote, I'd really appreciate the understand where this behaviour comes from. Thanks in advance, Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Consistent behaviour of for-loop
Peter Ehlers wrote: par(mfrow=c(1,1)) qqnorm(rnorm(20)) qqmath(rnorm(20)) par(mfrow=c(3,4)) for(i in 1:12)qqnorm(rnorm(20)) Until here everything works as expected, and the last line prints 12 samples of qqnorm. However, for(i in 1:12)qqmath(rnorm(20)) is doing nothing at all. You should always tell us what contributed packages you are using. Here, the qqmath function is from pkg:lattice. Now check FAQ 7.22. Thanks, Peter! (And to the offline-reply as well!) The question is not completely answered in FAQ 7.22, though: par(mfrow=c(3,4)) for(i in 1:12)print(qqmath(rnorm(20))) prints 12 after another; not in (3,4) Why, and how to print 12 samples on a single sheet? Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Consistent behaviour of for-loop
Peter Ehlers wrote: You are mixing 'traditional' graphics (par(...)) and 'lattice' graphics. That won't work. In lattice, you use the 'layout' argument to select the number of columns/rows. This is easiest if you set up a conditioning variable: cond - gl(12, 20, labels = letters[1:12]) x - rnorm(12*20) qqmath(~x | cond, layout = c(4, 3)) Note that layout = c(columns, rows), not c(rows, columns). Since you're new to R, let me also recommend very strongly that you learn to use the str() function (not needed for this problem, but undoubtedly indispensible in your further adventures in R-land). Nice example, and good recommendation! (It is difficult to satisfy me:) How can one know/see, what is traditional graphics, and what is lattice graphics? Or is it try-and-fail-and-use-the-alternative? Thanks, Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Consistent behaviour of for-loop [Solved]
Greg Snow wrote: The first thing to do is look at the help page for the function: ?qqnorm and ?qqmath, the package where these functions are defined is at the top of the page, if that package is graphics then it is a base graphics function, if the package is grid, lattice, or ggplot2 then it is grid based graphics. SOLVED, and thanks for the answer. Is your goal really to produce a whole set of normal qq plots from random data? If so, you may be interested in the vis.test function in the TeachingDemos package (and associated functions). One way to run this will mix together a qqplot of your data along with data generated from a normal distribution with the same mean and var so you can visually compare the plot of your data to plots of normal (and then lets you try to choose which is the real data). SOLVED, again. This is what I had in mind: demonstrating a bunch of normal qq-plots, by visually placing them side by side. I'll try the TeachingDemos next. Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] TeachingDemos install bumps out with 'Out of memory!'
The same thing that happened to my 'maptools' (http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.r.general/177404) also hits me here: It eats all memory until the system dies. Alas, in this case, no Ubuntu package. Since I installed some tens of packages with the same method in the meantime, I guess something must be wrong with the install.packages; at least on Ubuntu9.10, amd64. (And I am not out of memory, really: Mem: 3347584k total, 812872k used, 2534712k free,12648k buffers Swap: 4305380k total, 618464k used, 3686916k free, 272476k cached) Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] classes and functions for qqnorm and stem
Referring to Using R for Data Analysis and Graphics by J H Maindonald, and available from the R site, I found the example on p.30 non-working: stem(qqnorm(possum$hdlngth)) Error in stem(qqnorm(possum$hdlngth)) : 'x' must be numeric Since qqnorm(possum$hdlngth) plots, and class(possum$hdlngth) [1] numeric , the problem must be here: class(qqnorm(possum$hdlngth)) [1] list Does 'stem' require numerical input? The help says so. But how to render it numeric?: class(as.numeric(qqnorm(possum$hdlngth))) Error: (list) object cannot be coerced to type 'double' Can someone please enlighten me about what goes wrong/has changed here? Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Question about simple.median.test
I am studying Using R for Introductory Statistics and find it in general very useful. At present, I am stumbling over the function simple.median.test. x [1] 12.8 3.5 2.9 9.4 8.7 0.7 0.2 2.8 1.9 2.8 3.1 15.8 simple.median.test (x,median=5) [1] 0.3876953 simple.median.test (x,median=10) [1] 0.03857422 until here it is identical to the document. Then I played for myself: simple.median.test (x,median=3) [1] 1.225586 The result is 1 here. Is my interpretation wrong, that the result is a probability? Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Frequencies from a matrix - spider from frequencies
Jim Lemon wrote: Yes, I realized that I had forgotten to require(plotrix) after I sent the message. From your example, you might also want to look at the diamondplot function, also in plotrix. Jim, thanks for the hint to diamondplot. It is much closer natively to what I wanted to do, and simple to use. Hats off!: Just entering the data frame produces a quick print. However, it fails to make sense w.r.t. units and values here. I use the example data and code given in ?diamondplot: data(mtcars) mysubset-mtcars[substr(dimnames(mtcars)[[1]],1,1)==M,c(mpg,hp,wt,disp)] diamondplot(mysubset) and get a plot (I think I can't attach it here?), with, e.g. hp and disp crossing the Maserati radial axis at 17, wt at 15 and mpg at 10. The actual data row, though, is mpg hpwt disp Maserati Bora 15.0 335 3.570 301.0 Looking closer, the plot seems to arbitrarily scale all values (columns) to a(n arbitrary?) maximum of '17'. And when I print my data (submitted earlier), the same happens: all responses are scaled to 17 as the highest in each category. From that point of view, diamondplot is not that useful. How can I force it not to scale arbitrarily, but print the actual numbers? Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Frequencies from a matrix - spider from frequencies
First of all, I really like R! Still being a newbie, I find things (the
difficult ones) to be very simple.
Alas, some 'simple' things still escape me. (Maybe the tutorials are
often too much focused on the 'difficult' items??)
Here comes my 'problem', over which I have sweated for the last 2 hours:
My data are of a matrix 10x31, Likert Scale (1-5). 10 questions, 31
respondents. Now, I want to display the frequencies per question. I have
not found any better (any more simple) than
for (in in 1.10) print (table(learn[,i]))
And then, still, the scale is printed 10 times as well. I am sure, there
is a better function, but I didn't find one.
Actually, I would want the scale once, atop ('names'), and then the
10(questions) * 5 (length.of.scale) thereunder, like
1 2 3 4 5
1 3 4 2 1 2
2 5 9 2 1 4
3 4 4 6 1 3
And, now somewhat less of the ordinary, a spider/radar showing the
number of responses for each question (circular axis, 10), with the
frequencies as radial axes. That is, 5 polygons showing the frequencies
of the responses per each question.
Any help is appreciated, and my excuses for asking a simple question,
Uwe
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[R] Packages gnumeric and xlsReadWrite
Both packages are listed on the website, but neither installs here: gnumeric: ... Cannot find xml2-config ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘XML’ * Removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/XML’ * Installing *source* package ‘gnumeric’ ... ** R ** preparing package for lazy loading Warning in library(pkg, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, lib.loc = lib.loc) : there is no package called 'XML' Error : package 'XML' could not be loaded ERROR: lazy loading failed for package ‘gnumeric’ * Removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/gnumeric’ (Ubuntu 9.10) xlsReadWrite: install.packages(xlsReadWrite) Warning in install.packages(xlsReadWrite) : argument 'lib' is missing: using '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library' Warning message: In getDependencies(pkgs, dependencies, available, lib) : package ‘xlsReadWrite’ is not available __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Frequencies from a matrix - spider from frequencies
Jim Lemon wrote: Hi Uwe, Here's one way to get your spider plot: ld1-matrix(sample(1:5,310,TRUE),nrow=31) ld2-apply(ld1,2,table) radial.plot(ld2,line.col=2:6,rp.type=p, radial.pos=seq(0,9*pi/5,by=pi/5), labels=paste(Q,1:10,sep=),start=pi/2, clockwise=TRUE,main=Frequency of response by question) par(xpd=TRUE) legend(8,12,1:5,col=2:6,lty=1) par(xpd=FALSE) Quite a bit of overlap on the polygons, however. Thanks, Jim, this one works (with your random data)! (In case anyone reads and wants this as well, package plotrix provides radial.plot.) The overlap is normal, because it's random data. When the respondents have a less random streak of answering (and they do), this plot will show some continuity throughout the questions; and identify those questions clearly, which fall outside of this continuity. This is why I prefer to use it here. Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] SimpleR and UsingR
Having found the online version of SimpleR, I wanted to to download the respective data: The data sets for these notes are available from the CSI math department (http://www.math.csi.cuny.edu/Statistics/R/simpleR) and must be installed prior to this. There it says: The simpleR package is now inside the UsingR package available from CRAN. In the Windows GUI, this may be installed from a menubar item. Otherwise, the following command install.packages(UsingR) will work ... I did, and got a package of Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 502288 bytes (490 Kb) downloaded and installed. Alas, the command given in the notes: library(Simple) Error in library(Simple) : there is no package called 'Simple' seems not to work. But when I try installed.packages() UsingR shows up. Can anyone please enlighten me, what is going on here? Thanks, Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Compilation error with maptools
I had downloaded and installed a number of packages, successfully, when I ran into some problem with maptools: It would eat up CPU and most of all memory. I rebooted, and tried again, only running the terminal after the reboot; with the same result: sp2WB text html latex example sp2tmap text html latex example spCbind-methods text html latex example Out of memory! ERROR: building help failed for package ‘maptools’ * Removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/maptools’ The downloaded packages are in ‘/tmp/RtmpG9Vj1D/downloaded_packages’ Warning message: In install.packages(maptools) : installation of package 'maptools' had non-zero exit status I did install it then, using sudo apt-get install r-cran-maptools without problem; it also works. (I am on Ubuntu Karmic; sp and Hmisc, however, install without any problem.) My RAM is 4GB, my swap likewise. Uwe Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Explanation w.r.t. rbind, please!
This is what I tried: num.vec - c(12.34,56.78,90.12,34.56) names(num.vec)-c(first,second,third,fourth) num.vec first second third fourth 12.34 56.78 90.12 34.56 seq-(1:4) num.mat-rbind(num.vec,seq) num.mat first second third fourth num.vec 12.34 56.78 90.12 34.56 seq 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 num.vec [3:4] third fourth 90.12 34.56 (until here I'm fine) num.mat [seq] [1] 12.34 1.00 56.78 2.00 num.mat [num.vec] [1] NA NA NA NA num.vec [seq] first second third fourth 12.34 56.78 90.12 34.56 num.mat [num.vec] [1] NA NA NA NA num.mat [-seq] [1] 90.12 3.00 34.56 4.00 (and here I'm lost!) How could I display a row, instead of always seemingly falling back to columns? Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Explanation w.r.t. rbind, please!
Meyners,Michael,LAUSANNE,AppliedMathematics wrote: What you (probably) want here is num.mat [seq,] num.mat [num.vec] [1] NA NA NA NA num.mat[num.vec,] and so on. You have to use tell R that you want the ROW (that's why the comma is needed) defined by the NAME seq or num.vec (that's why you need ) . Thanks, I had been exactly there before, and it didn't work neither. Now it works. I do understand the need for the rows *now*. Uwe __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
