Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Oil was first used for lamps and steam boilers. The diesel oil is a by product of the refining process to get gasoline and was used as for lamps, cleaning and heating. A cleaner version of diesel is used for dry cleaning. I do not remember the amount of different products that you get from crude, but you can find it if you google. Short, No, Diesel did not invent the fuel, he was actually looking for using coal dust. His interest or lack of it in petroleum products was understandable. Prohibition was only about drunkenness and wood alcohol can be used if you filter it with active coal to remove harmful oils. After prohibition there are many ways and rules to protect the tax income from alcoholic drinks. Gasoline as product, was developed for Ford T and as a cheaper fuel to replace ethanol. Ethanol has always been an alternative fuel, until they started to use rubber parts that was dissolved by ethanol. Similar development with the diesel engine. I do not know if the choice of rubber was intentional, to secure the use of petroleum products, but it might have been. Hakan At 04:49 09/06/2006, you wrote: Mike The oil engine was in use long before Rudolf Diesel. Bit of chicken or egg. Did Rudolf invent the fuel? He certainly reduced the size of the oil engine principal to enable it to fit into land transport use from Sea and machine shop energy sources. I have been unable to locate any part where he actually invented the mineral oil known as Diesel oil. I can only find references to Peanut/vegetable oils in his early engines. Can anyone point me in the direction where he invented the Diesel oil? Prohibition was to stop home making of fuel or to stop alcoholic drinks or one was to cover the other? In history wood alcohol was included why? Henry Ford was a ruthless marketing and business man. (Read some of Edzels conflicts with his father before his early death). Fuel was sold in cans. How do you sell cars to people well away from fuel sources? Make them able to run on multi fuels, until Prohibition. The dates are about correct, late model T and early model A, AA and AAA. Note the model AAA (Triple A) was still run on ethanol as was not outlawed as far as my trips and research shows. The globe was already controlled by the oil industry. Sloan, the most powerfull man at the time, could not perhaps change this or was in agreement with the oil industry. * Rudolf Diesel, the inventor of the diesel engine, designed it to run on vegetable and seed oils like hemp. In fact, when the diesel engine was first introduced at the World's Fair in 1900, it ran on peanut oil. * Two decades later, Henry Ford was designing his Model Ts to run on ethanol made from hemp. He envisioned the entire mass-produced Model T automobile line would run on ethanol derived from crops grown in the U.S. * Even in the 1920s, the oil industry had massive lobbying power in Washington. Lobbyists convinced policymakers to create laws favoring petroleum based fuels while disgarding the ethanol option. * Nearly a century later, amidst oil wars in the Middle East, Global Warming, and a nearly depleted oil supply, the U.S. government is finally shifting attention to fuels that are more along the lines of Diesel and Ford's original ideas. * In an interview with the New York Times in 1925, Henry Ford said: The fuel of the future is going to come from fruit like that sumac out by the road, or from apples, weeds, sawdust -- almost anything. There is fuel in every bit of vegetable matter that can be fermented. There's enough alcohol in one year's yield of an acre of potatoes to drive the machinery necessary to cultivate the fields for a hundred years. Whose water is it? *Learn more:* http://www.organicconsumers.org/2006/article_658.cfm http://alerts.organicconsumers.org/trk/click?ref=zqtbkk3um_0-ax332x3239551; ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] A Framework for Understanding Global Conflict and Cooperation
Keith, I am not arguing, because it is more complex and do not want to argue it. I do think that this comment, even as it is referred to a third person, should not have been done. To leave such a comment, without mention how simple and utterly stupid it is, is wrong. Maybe I should have said this straight, instead of my too complex post. I cannot understand that a comment that is published on list, becomes an off list comment, because you say so. Off list is off list and we would never seen it, if we saw it, it is on list and not protected by an off list remark. My postings are also off list comments to an off list posting, if this is the norm. LOL Hakan At 08:43 09/06/2006, you wrote: Keith, I have to differ with that women find the ruthlessness attractive as such. It is natural and built in, that women are attracted to strong men or what is assumed to be strong men. This because she in the past needed protection in her role as child bearer, so the instinct as female part of the specie would seek that protection. The modern society has changed the roles somewhat and the definition of strength, but the instincts are still there. Ruthless persons are often judged to be strong and therefore attractive. Hakan Hakan, you're just arguing about a point in Jai's post: Kurt Vonnegut asserts that it is a weakness in the species that women find this ruthlessness attractive, but that is off topic. It is indeed off-topic, and it's a lot more complex than that anyway. Why don't you read what Greenspan and Shanker have to say? Best Keith At 06:28 09/06/2006, you wrote: Jai Haissman very kindly sent me this paper. It follows on from a previous discussion where Jai cited this research but the paper wasn't available. Now it's online: http://icdl.com/toward_a_psychology_of_interdepe.htm The Interdisciplinary Council on Developmental and Learning Disorders Toward a Psychology of Interdependency: A Framework for Understanding Global Conflict and Cooperation Stanley I. Greenspan, M.D. and Stuart G. Shanker, D.Phil. Over the last decade, shared dangers, as well as shared communications and economies -- for the first time any one group can, through nuclear, biological, or ecological events, destroy life for all other groups -- have brought individuals from all parts of the world together into a closer interdependency than at any time before in human history. This growing interdependency can result in greater social fragmentation, more extreme types of polarized beliefs, and greater hostility; or it can serve as a catalyst for humans to develop new adaptive levels of personal and social organization. The psychology of interdependency will characterize the elements of these personal and social organizations to help us understand and prepare for a rapidly advancing interdependent future. (18,200 words) - Very interesting read, IMO. Here's Jai's previous message: http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg30705.html [biofuel] Re: Nothing ... it's people Was: What's wrong with corporations? Jai Haissman CR, SEP 27 Dec 2003 15:34:40 - Greetings, I have been surfing this list for some time and felt moved to weigh in here. I hope this is not too off topic, but I had some interest in the following statements. Mostly because it speaks to why should we be interested in making an environmental fuel at all, if there are no consequences. Consider the following statement: I know if there were no consequences to my actions, I would certainly act differently. We have a christmas party at work every year. I COULD get drunk, punch out my boss and take a leak in the punch bowl. Realistically, there would be no legal consequences (my boss is not the kind of guy to call the cops for something stupid like that). But I didn't do it. Why not? Because there would have been consequences. My coworkers would not have liked me anymore, life at work would have been much more difficult. It would have been socially unacceptable. The premise here is that without consequences, we are basically opportunists, and will seek our advantage without a care. This thinking is not correct, but it is popular and was called Lexus Talionus - law of the claw - by the political philosopher Hobbes... or Locke, I can't remember which. The basic assertion is that we exist in a state of nature where it is eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth, and that the only way to contain this brutality is through the social contract of laws that insure a commodious life. This outdated and psychologically uninformed political philosophy is the basis for present day policymaking that intends to repress and contain what would otherwise be a dangerous population of potential miscreants. Laws from this orientation seek to make consequences as a deterrent
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain countries. Patents are only valid for 25 years and the normal way is to patent modifications/enhancements to the original patent to prolong the patent protection of the most competitive product. Diesel might have had the idea as student, but he had financing for his development from the German coal industry. The contract was to develop his engine to run on coal dust. That is why there are always mentioning of coal dust, in conjunction with diesel. Kerrosene was at the time and today, used for lamps and heating. It is also a quality of kerrosene used for dry cleaning. The quality of crude that are economical for gasoline, will end before the crude suitable for fuel for diesel engine. If normal demand principles are governing the situation, the price gap between diesel and gasoline should widen in the future. It depends also on the space heating demands, where heating oil (diesel) is used for small buildings. Large buildings and Area centrals, use heavy oil and it will last longer than diesel. When we are talking of oil depletion, it is a very rough estimation. Certain oil products like gasoline are depleting faster than the generally used numbers. Oil products and their depletion is a much more complex situation. Hakan At 08:34 09/06/2006, you wrote: Yes, I am able to amswer some questions concerning Rudolf Diesel. He had his idea to his engine when he was a student of the technical academy. Once he had a ready prototype ( which was tested with several fuels ; gasoline, kerrosene and vegetable oils) he realized that he had to supply the fuel with the machine. So as a result of an agreement with Atlas Copco Diesel (member of the Wallenberg group) he had oil exploration rights in Baku, near the Caspian Sea through an oil company with head office in St Petersbrg Russia. This company was run by two relatives to Alfred Nobel, the founder of the Nobel prize. The aim with this deal was to obtain large qtis of kerrosene, which was the main petroleum product by that time. But then the Russian revelution came in 1917 and his rights were expropiated. But the time that he had at his disposal was enough to establish kerrosene as the main diesel fuel. The manufacturing rights of the diesel engine is now owned by Scania, which also is a member of the Wallenberg group. The question for Rudolf Diesel was not the fuel itself, it was to have access to diesel engine fuel, period. We are now running out of oil, but some really good alternatives are coming up in practice, don´t you think ? Jan Warnqvist - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 4:49 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Mike The oil engine was in use long before Rudolf Diesel. Bit of chicken or egg. Did Rudolf invent the fuel? He certainly reduced the size of the oil engine principal to enable it to fit into land transport use from Sea and machine shop energy sources. I have been unable to locate any part where he actually invented the mineral oil known as Diesel oil. I can only find references to Peanut/vegetable oils in his early engines. Can anyone point me in the direction where he invented the Diesel oil? Prohibition was to stop home making of fuel or to stop alcoholic drinks or one was to cover the other? In history wood alcohol was included why? Henry Ford was a ruthless marketing and business man. (Read some of Edzels conflicts with his father before his early death). Fuel was sold in cans. How do you sell cars to people well away from fuel sources? Make them able to run on multi fuels, until Prohibition. The dates are about correct, late model T and early model A, AA and AAA. Note the model AAA (Triple A) was still run on ethanol as was not outlawed as far as my trips and research shows. The globe was
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
No I do not have a connection to Atlas Copco, but I know a little something about Rudolf Diesel. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 12:41 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, I did work with Atlas Copco as consultant in acoustics, when they developed the silent compressors. At the time I was employed by Stellan Dahlstedt, Akustik Konsult AB. It was very interesting insights in both diesel and compressor technology. The person in charge of their acoustic lab. was an ex. employee in Akustik Konsult. I tell you this, because you obviously have a connection to them. It was around 40 years ago and I moved out of Sweden almost 30 years ago, to work full time with CAD/CAM and network products. The final line of compressors became trend setters in the market and a large success. Håkan At 11:06 09/06/2006, you wrote: Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain countries. Patents are only valid for 25 years and the normal way is to patent modifications/enhancements to the original patent to prolong the patent protection of the most competitive product. Diesel might have had the idea as student, but he had financing for his development from the German coal industry. The contract was to develop his engine to run on coal dust. That is why there are always mentioning of coal dust, in conjunction with diesel. Kerrosene was at the time and today, used for lamps and heating. It is also a quality of kerrosene used for dry cleaning. The quality of crude that are economical for gasoline, will end before the crude suitable for fuel for diesel engine. If normal demand principles are governing the situation, the price gap between diesel and gasoline should widen in the future. It depends also on the space heating demands, where heating oil (diesel) is used for small buildings. Large buildings and Area centrals, use heavy oil and it will last longer than diesel. When we are talking of oil depletion, it is a very rough estimation. Certain oil products like gasoline are depleting faster than the generally used numbers. Oil products and their depletion is a much more complex situation. Hakan At 08:34 09/06/2006, you wrote: Yes, I am able to amswer some questions concerning Rudolf Diesel. He had his idea to his engine when he was a student of the technical academy. Once he had a ready prototype ( which was tested with several fuels ; gasoline, kerrosene and vegetable oils) he realized that he had to supply the fuel with the machine. So as a result of an agreement with Atlas Copco Diesel (member of the Wallenberg group) he had oil exploration rights in Baku, near the Caspian Sea through an oil company with head office in St Petersbrg Russia. This company was run by two relatives to Alfred Nobel, the founder of the Nobel prize. The aim with this deal was to obtain large qtis of kerrosene, which was the main petroleum product by that time. But then the Russian revelution came in 1917 and his rights were expropiated. But the time that he had at his disposal was enough to establish kerrosene as the main diesel fuel. The manufacturing rights of the diesel engine is now owned by Scania, which also is a member of the Wallenberg group. The question for Rudolf Diesel was not the fuel itself, it was to have access to diesel engine fuel, period. We are now running out of oil, but some really good alternatives are coming up in practice, don´t you think ? Jan Warnqvist - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 4:49 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Mike The oil engine was in use long before Rudolf Diesel. Bit of chicken or egg. Did Rudolf invent the fuel? He certainly reduced the size of the oil engine principal to enable it to fit into land
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Jan, Thank you for the earlier reply. I don't suppose you would know if the following is correct or not. Australia had the maximum grant to any inventor set at AUD10,000. This was the maximum grant to enable development of an inventors idea. From memory the Swedes had a department that would analyse an idea and if seen to be possible then that department could be asked to assist the inventor to a much greater degree than the AUD10,000. This could be why the cassette was held by such interest and other every day consumable as well as technologically based items. Not much in the way of books, and only slow online here. Can you remember the late 60's and 70's when this system was meant to have been operating in Sweden? Doug. Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain countries. Patents are only valid for 25 years and the normal way is to patent modifications/enhancements to the original patent to prolong the patent protection of the most competitive product. Diesel might have had the idea as student, but he had financing for his development from the German coal industry. The contract was to develop his engine to run on coal dust. That is why there are always mentioning of coal dust, in conjunction with diesel. Kerrosene was at the time and today, used for lamps and heating. It is also a quality of kerrosene used for dry cleaning. The quality of crude that are economical for gasoline, will end before the crude suitable for fuel for diesel engine. If normal demand principles are governing the situation, the price gap between diesel and gasoline should widen in the future. It depends also on the space heating demands, where heating oil (diesel) is used for small buildings. Large buildings and Area centrals, use heavy oil and it will last longer than diesel. When we are talking of oil depletion, it is a very rough estimation. Certain oil products like gasoline are depleting faster than the generally used numbers. Oil products and their depletion is a much more complex situation. Hakan At 08:34 09/06/2006, you wrote: Yes, I am able to amswer some questions concerning Rudolf Diesel. He had his idea to his engine when he was a student of the technical academy. Once he had a ready prototype ( which was tested with several fuels ; gasoline, kerrosene and vegetable oils) he realized that he had to supply the fuel with the machine. So as a result of an agreement with Atlas Copco Diesel (member of the Wallenberg group) he had oil exploration rights in Baku, near the Caspian Sea through an oil company with head office in St Petersbrg Russia. This company was run by two relatives to Alfred Nobel, the founder of the Nobel prize. The aim with this deal was to obtain large qtis of kerrosene, which was the main petroleum product by that time. But then the Russian revelution came in 1917 and his rights were expropiated. But the time that he had at his disposal was enough to establish kerrosene as the main diesel fuel. The manufacturing rights of the diesel engine is now owned by Scania, which also is a member of the Wallenberg group. The question for Rudolf Diesel was not the fuel itself, it was to have access to diesel engine fuel, period. We are now running out of oil, but some really good alternatives are coming up in practice, don´t you think ? Jan Warnqvist - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 4:49 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Mike The oil engine was in use long before Rudolf Diesel. Bit of chicken or egg. Did Rudolf invent the fuel? He certainly reduced the size of the oil engine principal to enable it to fit into land transport use from Sea and machine shop energy sources. I have been unable to locate any part where he actually invented the mineral oil known as Diesel oil.
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Before Sweden´s entry into the EC, the system was built upon shared risks. It could be very difficult to have grants from the official funds. The first condition was almost always that your bank should be involved. Then maybe, you could have some grants - anways smaller than 50% of the project budget- from at least two of the official funds. This system was working out of incompetence and cowardness. The projects were always analyzed by the funds, but the general assumption was that the bank should contribute. And the banks are never interested in evaluating projects, they are interested in securities for their loans. So, this basically meant, that if your security was not good enough, nobody else would contribute either. There were exceptions though. The boards of the funds realized that they had the power to guide the development according to their own desires by giving grants to projects that would serve the temporary (political or administrative) wishes .How much lasting and pay-backing things that were created from this system, I think nobody knows. Jan - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 12:45 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Thank you for the earlier reply. I don't suppose you would know if the following is correct or not. Australia had the maximum grant to any inventor set at AUD10,000. This was the maximum grant to enable development of an inventors idea. From memory the Swedes had a department that would analyse an idea and if seen to be possible then that department could be asked to assist the inventor to a much greater degree than the AUD10,000. This could be why the cassette was held by such interest and other every day consumable as well as technologically based items. Not much in the way of books, and only slow online here. Can you remember the late 60's and 70's when this system was meant to have been operating in Sweden? Doug. Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain countries. Patents are only valid for 25 years and the normal way is to patent modifications/enhancements to the original patent to prolong the patent protection of the most competitive product. Diesel might have had the idea as student, but he had financing for his development from the German coal industry. The contract was to develop his engine to run on coal dust. That is why there are always mentioning of coal dust, in conjunction with diesel. Kerrosene was at the time and today, used for lamps and heating. It is also a quality of kerrosene used for dry cleaning. The quality of crude that are economical for gasoline, will end before the crude suitable for fuel for diesel engine. If normal demand principles are governing the situation, the price gap between diesel and gasoline should widen in the future. It depends also on the space heating demands, where heating oil (diesel) is used for small buildings. Large buildings and Area centrals, use heavy oil and it will last longer than diesel. When we are talking of oil depletion, it is a very rough estimation. Certain oil products like gasoline are depleting faster than the generally used numbers. Oil products and their depletion is a much more complex situation. Hakan At 08:34 09/06/2006, you wrote: Yes, I am able to amswer some questions concerning Rudolf Diesel. He had his idea to his engine when he was a student of the technical academy. Once he had a ready prototype ( which was tested with several fuels ; gasoline, kerrosene and vegetable oils) he realized that he had to supply the fuel with the machine. So as a result of an agreement with Atlas Copco Diesel (member of the Wallenberg group) he had oil exploration rights in Baku, near the Caspian Sea through an oil company with head office in St Petersbrg Russia. This company was run by two relatives to Alfred
[Biofuel] Freenet -- anonymous web communication worldwide
This'll drive the Big Brothers of the world nuts -- I hope. Peace, D. Mindock "I worry about my child and the Internet all the time, even though she's too young to have logged on yet. Here's what I worry about. I worry that 10 or 15 years from now, she will come to me and say 'Daddy, where were you when they took freedom of the press away from the Internet?'"--Mike Godwin, Electronic Frontier Foundation What is Freenet? http://freenet.sourceforge.net/ "I worry about my child and the Internet all the time, even though she's too young to have logged on yet. Here's what I worry about. I worry that 10 or 15 years from now, she will come to me and say 'Daddy, where were you when they took freedom of the press away from the Internet?'"--Mike Godwin, Electronic Frontier Foundation Freenet is free software which lets you publish and obtain information on the Internet without fear of censorship. To achieve this freedom, the network is entirely decentralized and publishers and consumers of information are anonymous. Without anonymity there can never be true freedom of speech, and without decentralization the network will be vulnerable to attack. Communications by Freenet nodes are encrypted and are "routed-through" other nodes to make it extremely difficult to determine who is requesting the information and what its content is. Users contribute to the network by giving bandwidth and a portion of their hard drive (called the "data store") for storing files. Unlike other peer-to-peer file sharing networks, Freenet does not let the user control what is stored in the data store. Instead, files are kept or deleted depending on how popular they are, with the least popular being discarded to make way for newer or more popular content. Files in the data store are encrypted to reduce the likelihood of prosecution by persons wishing to censor Freenet content. The network can be used in a number of different ways and isn't restricted to just sharing files like other peer-to-peer networks. It acts more like an Internet within an Internet. For example Freenet can be used for: Publishing websites or 'freesites' Communicating via message boards Content distribution Unlike many cutting edge projects, Freenet long ago escaped the science lab, it has been downloaded by over 2 million users since the project started, and it is used for the distribution of censored information all over the world including countries such as China and the Middle East. Ideas and concepts pioneered in Freenet have had a significant impact in the academic world. Our 2000 paper "Freenet: A Distributed Anonymous Information Storage and Retrieval System" was the most cited computer science paper of 2000 according to Citeseer, and Freenet has also inspired papers in the worlds of law and philosophy. Ian Clarke, Freenet's creator and project coordinator, was selected as one of the top 100 innovators of 2003 by MIT's Technology Review magazine. This website is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Hello and Question
Hi, I'm new to the list. My name is Joe; I've been interested in clean fuels for years and have become very focused on biodiesel - I drive a Prius and recently my wife purchased a Jetta TDI and we are interested in finding a cooperative in our area. Any Anne Arundel/PG County Maryulanders out there? I have a question. There is an oft-repeated statistic that the use of B100 reduces CO2 emissions approximately 78%, and from what I have read the vast majority of that reduction comes from the fact that the plants that biodiesel is derived from absorb CO2 as opposed to fossil fuels which do not do so, and that the actual tailpipe emissions are virtually the same as if the car was running regular diesel. Am I correct here? If so, I have been called to task on another online community to answer this question: If the CO2 reduction number of 78% attributed to biodiesel is a result of the crops it comes from, does the 78% number assume that no crops would have been grown on the land if it were not being used for fuel crops, or is the 78% in addition to whatever crops were previously growing there. I hope my question is clear, thanks!! Joe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Online sources for self study - Black Bodies
LOL yeah I built a $12M facility here, but that work was actually done in the old lab. I'm serious though once you understand reactive ion etching and what makes the machines tick it wouldn't be too hard to build a cheap system to deposit silicon on a pipe and dry etch it. Sputtering the silicon avoids all the nasty gas issues that go along with plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD. The RIE requires a florinated gas like CF4 or SF6 and oxygen but these gasses don't require anything too special for handling. Still outside the realm for the average home handyman but definitely not in the realm of multimillion dollar high tech facilities either. IIRC anodize is alumina with a dye in it. Alumina wouldn't be a great heat conductor but it might be decent and certainly easier to do than what I'm suggesting. I should get off my butt and try some experiments. The other part of my plan is to use a partial vacuum ( can you tell I'M partial to vacuum??) to lower the boiling point of the heat exchange fluid (water?) to around 70 degrees C or so and using a couple of check valves (one on either side of the solar collector pointing in the direction of the flow path through the loop, steam bubbles that form in the heated tube will act as the motive force to circulate the water. No pump. When solar radiation is available the water circulates and when it's not it doesn't. KISS principle. True some of the solar energy gets used in moving fluid but some other form of energy would be used anyways in another method. A freind of mine tested the concept. He used it to circulate water from his campfire to a radiator in his tent. We call that Gucci camping! Ahh the luxury.hey what are you gonna do in a Canadian winter? Joe Mike Redler wrote: Hi Joe, Your research is a little outside of my range of expertise. So, I gave your message to my finance. She has a PhD in Chemistry and runs a chromatography lab. All she had to say was Wow! He's got access to some nice equipment.. I think she's jealous. I may be way off but, your description reminds me of black anodize. Anyway, it looks promising. Good luck. -Redler Joe Street wrote: Hi Mike; I don't have any references I can recommend but I'll tell you what I did. I dry etched silicon using flourine ions in a reactive ion etcher. Making use of native polymer contamination of the surface and carefully controling the presence of oxygen radicals I was able to form a dense structure of columns roughly 100 nm wide and 400 nm tall that when viewed with an electron microscope look something like a forest. The nanoconvolution of the surface on a scale less than the wavelength of visible light results in an extremely antireflective black surface similar to a moth's eye. (BTW this is why moths see so well in the dark) The silicon material absorbs all the incoming radiation in the visible and longer wavelengths and even most of the ultaviolet I'd guess as low as 198 nm although I haven't tested it. Silicon is roughly similar to iron in its heat conducting properties so this film would be very good for a passive solar system. I think I could build a machine to sputter silicon on pipes and etch it in situ if I had the resources. Joe Mike Redler wrote: Hi everyone, I know of some descent resources for electronic circuits, software development, and a bunch of other stuff. However, I've come up with nuthin' for black bodies which contains both a practical guide for passive solar collection and the analytical/mathematical tools for theoretical modeling. Once I have that, I'm good to go, already having one pretty good general text on heat transfer (J.P. Holman, seventh ed.). Joe, I know you mentioned some work you did with thin films (if my memory serves me right). Can anyone point to a good on-line source? I'd even be happy with a textbook recommendation. -Redler ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Jan, You are right about the time before EC, I have personal experiences from this. When we needed the help it was very difficult to get it and we could not pursue it. Once when we were a proven success, they asked us and was upset when we said that we did not need any help from them. I must say that we had the same experiences from the Dutch banks also, Sweden was not the only ones who supported entrepreneurs. UK was the only country that had a good support program for software innovation and development at that time, around 30 years ago. Once when we were a proven success, they all cued up in offering us necessary help. In the end we were very happy that none of them were involved, including the venture capitalists. Hakan At 14:02 09/06/2006, you wrote: Before Sweden´s entry into the EC, the system was built upon shared risks. It could be very difficult to have grants from the official funds. The first condition was almost always that your bank should be involved. Then maybe, you could have some grants - anways smaller than 50% of the project budget- from at least two of the official funds. This system was working out of incompetence and cowardness. The projects were always analyzed by the funds, but the general assumption was that the bank should contribute. And the banks are never interested in evaluating projects, they are interested in securities for their loans. So, this basically meant, that if your security was not good enough, nobody else would contribute either. There were exceptions though. The boards of the funds realized that they had the power to guide the development according to their own desires by giving grants to projects that would serve the temporary (political or administrative) wishes .How much lasting and pay-backing things that were created from this system, I think nobody knows. Jan - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 12:45 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Thank you for the earlier reply. I don't suppose you would know if the following is correct or not. Australia had the maximum grant to any inventor set at AUD10,000. This was the maximum grant to enable development of an inventors idea. From memory the Swedes had a department that would analyse an idea and if seen to be possible then that department could be asked to assist the inventor to a much greater degree than the AUD10,000. This could be why the cassette was held by such interest and other every day consumable as well as technologically based items. Not much in the way of books, and only slow online here. Can you remember the late 60's and 70's when this system was meant to have been operating in Sweden? Doug. Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain countries. Patents are only valid for 25 years and the normal way is to patent modifications/enhancements to the original patent to prolong the patent protection of the most competitive product. Diesel might have had the idea as student, but he had financing for his development from the German coal industry. The contract was to develop his engine to run on coal dust. That is why there are always mentioning of coal dust, in conjunction with diesel. Kerrosene was at the time and today, used for lamps and heating. It is also a quality of kerrosene used for dry cleaning. The quality of crude that are economical for gasoline, will end before the crude suitable for fuel for diesel engine. If normal demand principles are governing the situation, the price gap between diesel and gasoline should widen in the future. It depends also on the space heating demands, where heating oil (diesel) is used for small buildings. Large buildings and Area centrals, use heavy oil and it will last longer than diesel. When we are talking of oil depletion, it is a very
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Håkan, this is a terribly low performance for any nation which claims supporting entrepreneurs. And think of all the people busy with not supporting what they are suppose to support! What is the point of such a system and such a mentality ? Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 3:06 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, You are right about the time before EC, I have personal experiences from this. When we needed the help it was very difficult to get it and we could not pursue it. Once when we were a proven success, they asked us and was upset when we said that we did not need any help from them. I must say that we had the same experiences from the Dutch banks also, Sweden was not the only ones who supported entrepreneurs. UK was the only country that had a good support program for software innovation and development at that time, around 30 years ago. Once when we were a proven success, they all cued up in offering us necessary help. In the end we were very happy that none of them were involved, including the venture capitalists. Hakan At 14:02 09/06/2006, you wrote: Before Sweden´s entry into the EC, the system was built upon shared risks. It could be very difficult to have grants from the official funds. The first condition was almost always that your bank should be involved. Then maybe, you could have some grants - anways smaller than 50% of the project budget- from at least two of the official funds. This system was working out of incompetence and cowardness. The projects were always analyzed by the funds, but the general assumption was that the bank should contribute. And the banks are never interested in evaluating projects, they are interested in securities for their loans. So, this basically meant, that if your security was not good enough, nobody else would contribute either. There were exceptions though. The boards of the funds realized that they had the power to guide the development according to their own desires by giving grants to projects that would serve the temporary (political or administrative) wishes .How much lasting and pay-backing things that were created from this system, I think nobody knows. Jan - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 12:45 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Thank you for the earlier reply. I don't suppose you would know if the following is correct or not. Australia had the maximum grant to any inventor set at AUD10,000. This was the maximum grant to enable development of an inventors idea. From memory the Swedes had a department that would analyse an idea and if seen to be possible then that department could be asked to assist the inventor to a much greater degree than the AUD10,000. This could be why the cassette was held by such interest and other every day consumable as well as technologically based items. Not much in the way of books, and only slow online here. Can you remember the late 60's and 70's when this system was meant to have been operating in Sweden? Doug. Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain countries. Patents are only valid for 25 years and the normal way is to patent modifications/enhancements to the original patent to prolong the patent protection of the most competitive product. Diesel might have had the idea as student, but he had financing for his development from the German coal industry. The contract was to develop his engine to run on coal dust. That is why there are always mentioning of coal dust, in conjunction with diesel. Kerrosene was at the time and today, used for lamps and heating. It is also a quality of kerrosene used for dry cleaning. The quality of crude that are economical for gasoline, will end
[Biofuel] Super Battery (MIT) - New from old
MIT is researching using capacitors to make batteries that can be charged in seconds, have high capacity (currently 60 Wh/kg, 10 times DLC and half of Li-Ion batteries) and last nearly forever by adding nanotubes to the electrodes to increase surface area and hence charge capacity. They are applicable to everything from the small batteries in cell phones up to cars. If this technology pans out, we could all be driving plug-in hybrids and electric cars that charge in a couple of minutes and with batteries that outlast the body of the car. The research is funded by a Ford-MIT partnership, so don't hold your breath. MIT Developing 'Super Batteries' http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?type=articlearticle_id=218392803 Carbon Nanotube Enhanced Ultracapacitors (more technical article from MIT) http://lees.mit.edu/lees/ultracapacitors.htm1 -- Thanks, PC He's the kind of a guy who lights up a room just by flicking a switch We don't know a millionth of one percent about anything. - Thomas A Edison ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Online sources for self study - Black Bodies
Laser targets look like a stack of razor blades. Multiple reflections and absorbance at each juncture. I once penciled a z fold with 20 degree aperture and made of polished copper would look as good as a black selective surface receiver. The polished copper has low emittance but even though absorbance was around 60% It was quite high after multiple reflections. As your aperture closes # of hits (or bounces if you prefer)become higher and higher. KirkMike Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Joe,Your research is a little outside of my range of expertise. So, I gave your message to my finance. She has a PhD in Chemistry and runs a chromatography lab.All she had to say was "Wow! He's got access to some nice equipment.". I think she's jealous.I may be way off but, your description reminds me of black anodize.Anyway, it looks promising.Good luck.-RedlerJoe Street wrote: Hi Mike; I don't have any references I can recommend but I'll tell you what I did. I dry etched silicon using flourine ions in a reactive ion etcher. Making use of native polymer contamination of the surface and carefully controling the presence of oxygen radicals I was able to form a dense structure of columns roughly 100 nm wide and 400 nm tall that when viewed with an electron microscope look something like a forest. The nanoconvolution of the surface on a scale less than the wavelength of visible light results in an extremely antireflective black surface similar to a moth's eye. (BTW this is why moths see so well in the dark) The silicon material absorbs all the incoming radiation in the visible and longer wavelengths and even most of the ultaviolet I'd guess as low as 198 nm although I haven't tested it. Silicon is roughly similar to iron in its heat conducting properties so this film would be very good for a passive solar system. I think I could build a machine to sputter silicon on pipes and etch it in situ if I had the resources. Joe Mike Redler wrote: Hi everyone, I know of some descent resources for electronic circuits, software development, and a bunch of other stuff. However, I've come up with nuthin' for black bodies which contains both a practical guide for passive solar collection and the analytical/mathematical tools for theoretical modeling. Once I have that, I'm good to go, already having one pretty good general text on heat transfer (J.P. Holman, seventh ed.). Joe, I know you mentioned some work you did with thin films (if my memory serves me right). Can anyone point to a good on-line source? I'd even be happy with a textbook recommendation. -Redler___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __Do You Yahoo!?Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Once the intake is closed and the concentrated sun starts its work the system is a closed oneso oxidizer/fuel density is unchanged. All you see is increased cylinder pressure and hotter coal dust and air. - less the motion of the piston during this time. I envision this engine as very slow moving, 100RPM or less. Maybe as slow as some of Ericsons machines.KirkMichael Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:Kirk,It's a very novel approach but, with all due respect, I thinkthe thermodynamics of this process needs a closer look.The origins of all mechanical energy can (eventually) be traced back to temperature changes. So, your intentions are in the right place.Thermal expansion as part of a cycle of combustionisa function of how low the mass of fuel and air is in comparison to the temperature during combustion. This not only causes a greater delta T by simple temperature comparison but, it also effects fuel density as explained by the ideal gas equation, PV=nRT.I haven't taken a thermo class in about fourteen years so,this observation could be refined. I'm going by memory here.MikeKirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:Because it will absorb solar radiation. and since there is a suspension transfer to the air will be rapid. This all happens BEFORE ignition. Then oxidation does the final rise in temperature. Much higher delta T with same investment in O2 and hydrocarbon. And the hydrocarbon is nearignition point so unburned is not as much of a problem. If tapioca was black and finely divided that would be ok too. Assuming it was water free. Sugar has a lot of water too. - and it isnt the best solar absorber.I always managed to take milk for my coffee. That powdered crap isnt fit for pigs. In a pinch take canned milk.KirkJoe Street [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Why pray tell COAL dust then? Many dusts are combustible. How about tapioca? How about icing sugar? Ever throw coffeemate into your campfire? (stand well back if you try thisunless it is part of a ritual dance of course)lolJoeKirk McLoren wrote: Actually a solar/coaldust hybrid could have potential. Putting solar heat into air is difficult to do speedily and coal dust could be finely dispersed. The bottom end could be solar. Certainly save on emissions and help achieve complete combustion.A cylinder with a quartz window. Kirk [snip]___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __Do You Yahoo!?Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Jan, For us it turned out very good anyway. We sold for value comparable to 500 Million $ in todays money, shared by founders and key staff. A nice and good transaction for everybody. Some of the partners went on and formed a company called Small World (facility management software) and sold it in a very good deal to GE, who was a major client, a couple of years ago. Also an example of good balance between founders and staff interest, all cashed in on hard work and innovation, with the same model that I introduced for the first adventure. Hakan At 15:27 09/06/2006, you wrote: Håkan, this is a terribly low performance for any nation which claims supporting entrepreneurs. And think of all the people busy with not supporting what they are suppose to support! What is the point of such a system and such a mentality ? Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 3:06 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, You are right about the time before EC, I have personal experiences from this. When we needed the help it was very difficult to get it and we could not pursue it. Once when we were a proven success, they asked us and was upset when we said that we did not need any help from them. I must say that we had the same experiences from the Dutch banks also, Sweden was not the only ones who supported entrepreneurs. UK was the only country that had a good support program for software innovation and development at that time, around 30 years ago. Once when we were a proven success, they all cued up in offering us necessary help. In the end we were very happy that none of them were involved, including the venture capitalists. Hakan At 14:02 09/06/2006, you wrote: Before Sweden´s entry into the EC, the system was built upon shared risks. It could be very difficult to have grants from the official funds. The first condition was almost always that your bank should be involved. Then maybe, you could have some grants - anways smaller than 50% of the project budget- from at least two of the official funds. This system was working out of incompetence and cowardness. The projects were always analyzed by the funds, but the general assumption was that the bank should contribute. And the banks are never interested in evaluating projects, they are interested in securities for their loans. So, this basically meant, that if your security was not good enough, nobody else would contribute either. There were exceptions though. The boards of the funds realized that they had the power to guide the development according to their own desires by giving grants to projects that would serve the temporary (political or administrative) wishes .How much lasting and pay-backing things that were created from this system, I think nobody knows. Jan - Original Message - From: lres1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 12:45 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Thank you for the earlier reply. I don't suppose you would know if the following is correct or not. Australia had the maximum grant to any inventor set at AUD10,000. This was the maximum grant to enable development of an inventors idea. From memory the Swedes had a department that would analyse an idea and if seen to be possible then that department could be asked to assist the inventor to a much greater degree than the AUD10,000. This could be why the cassette was held by such interest and other every day consumable as well as technologically based items. Not much in the way of books, and only slow online here. Can you remember the late 60's and 70's when this system was meant to have been operating in Sweden? Doug. Håkan, it is obvious that no patent or manufacturing lisence will last for one houndrad years, espcecially considering the development of the diesel engine. But Scania is the inheritar of the original diesel engine. However, it is not flattering for us Swedes to be so historically involved and possibly even having promoted the petroleum substitute for the diesel engine. Particulary not, since there is a common imagnination that the discovery of petroleum made it possible for the combustion engine to arise, because of the unique properties of petroleum. Jan - Original Message - From: Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, June 09, 2006 9:37 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future Jan, Manufacturing rights as a whole to the diesel engine cannot be owned by Scania, only certain modifications that are done the last 25 years. It is no legal way, that I know of, to protect the original diesel engine for 100 years. The only legal way to protect manufacturing rights, is through patents and even they are not protected in certain
Re: [Biofuel] Back to the future
Ah...I see. You wrote: "Once the intake is closed and the concentrated sun starts its work ** the system is a closed one ** so oxidizer/fuel density is unchanged." That makes a lot more sense. Mike Kirk McLoren wrote: Once the intake is closed and the concentrated sun starts its work the system is a closed oneso oxidizer/fuel density is unchanged. All you see is increased cylinder pressure and hotter coal dust and air. - less the motion of the piston during this time. I envision this engine as very slow moving, 100RPM or less. Maybe as slow as some of Ericsons machines. Kirk Michael Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Kirk, It's a very novel approach but, with all due respect, I thinkthe thermodynamics of this process needs a closer look. The origins of all mechanical energy can (eventually) be traced back to temperature changes. So, your intentions are in the right place.Thermal expansion as part of a cycle of combustionisa function of how low the mass of fuel and air is in comparison to the temperature during combustion. This not only causes a greater delta T by simple temperature comparison but, it also effects fuel density as explained by the ideal gas equation, PV=nRT. I haven't taken a thermo class in about fourteen years so,this observation could be refined. I'm going by memory here. Mike Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Because it will absorb solar radiation. and since there is a suspension transfer to the air will be rapid. This all happens BEFORE ignition. Then oxidation does the final rise in temperature. Much higher delta T with same investment in O2 and hydrocarbon. And the hydrocarbon is nearignition point so unburned is not as much of a problem. If tapioca was black and finely divided that would be ok too. Assuming it was water free. Sugar has a lot of water too. - and it isnt the best solar absorber. I always managed to take milk for my coffee. That powdered crap isnt fit for pigs. In a pinch take canned milk. Kirk Joe Street [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Why pray tell COAL dust then? Many dusts are combustible. How about tapioca? How about icing sugar? Ever throw coffeemate into your campfire? (stand well back if you try thisunless it is part of a ritual dance of course) lol Joe Kirk McLoren wrote: Actually a solar/coaldust hybrid could have potential. Putting solar heat into air is difficult to do speedily and coal dust could be finely dispersed. The bottom end could be solar. Certainly save on emissions and help achieve complete combustion.A cylinder with a quartz window. Kirk [snip] _ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Online sources for self study - Black Bodies
What I did is the same idea but instead of blades stacked with thier edges facing you picture needles on a nano scale. Blades are effective on one axis. Needles on two axes. J Kirk McLoren wrote: Laser targets look like a stack of razor blades. Multiple reflections and absorbance at each juncture. I once penciled a z fold with 20 degree aperture and made of polished copper would look as good as a black selective surface receiver. The polished copper has low emittance but even though absorbance was around 60% It was quite high after multiple reflections. As your aperture closes # of hits (or bounces if you prefer) become higher and higher. Kirk */Mike Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED]/* wrote: Hi Joe, Your research is a little outside of my range of expertise. So, I gave your message to my finance. She has a PhD in Chemistry and runs a chromatography lab. All she had to say was Wow! He's got access to some nice equipment.. I think she's jealous. I may be way off but, your description reminds me of black anodize. Anyway, it looks promising. Good luck. -Redler Joe Street wrote: Hi Mike; I don't have any references I can recommend but I'll tell you what I did. I dry etched silicon using flourine ions in a reactive ion etcher. Making use of native polymer contamination of the surface and carefully controling the presence of oxygen radicals I was able to form a dense structure of columns roughly 100 nm wide and 400 nm tall that when viewed with an electron microscope look something like a forest. The nanoconvolution of the surface on a scale less than the wavelength of visible light results in an extremely antireflective black surface similar to a moth's eye. (BTW this is why moths see so well in the dark) The silicon material absorbs all the incoming radiation in the visible and longer wavelengths and even most of the ultaviolet I'd guess as low as 198 nm although I haven't tested it. Silicon is roughly similar to iron in its heat conducting properties so this film would be very good for a passive solar system. I think I could build a machine to sputter silicon on pipes and etch it in situ if I had the resources. Joe Mike Redler wrote: Hi everyone, I know of some descent resources for electronic circuits, software development, and a bunch of other stuff. However, I've come up with nuthin' for black bodies which contains both a practical guide for passive solar collection and the analytical/mathematical tools for theoretical modeling. Once I have that, I'm good to go, already having one pretty good general text on heat transfer (J.P. Holman, seventh ed.). Joe, I know you mentioned some work you did with thin films (if my memory serves me right). Can anyone point to a good on-line source? I'd even be happy with a textbook recommendation. -Redler ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] New UK member
Hello, I've just joined the list. My name is Matt and I live near Sheffield, UK. I am currently at the stage of researching biodiesel production to power my 2001 Ford Focus 1.8 TDI. Ultimately, I'd like to make a reactor to produce batches of around 50 litres with Methanol recovery to reduce costs and wastage - it seems Methanol is the major production cost? I am struggling to find any local suppliers of Methanol in small amounts (20-30l) at decent prices, so if there are any other UK people who can point me in the direction of a good supplier I would be very, very grateful. I also understand that we are not permitted to store more than 20 litres of 'fuel' on domestic property here, is this true? and if so what is the workaround ;-) Kind regards, Matt ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Tallow
HI everybody and Bob and JJN specially, I have made the porr man´s tritation process withtallow. I did apply for the experiment an equivalent of 300mL of methanol per liter, and 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5of KOH. My results, were to have transformation in all cuantities of catalyst but 4.5. I mean from 5 grams of catalyst per liter I had transformation i got the two fases, and so on with the others. The amount of glicerine were quite similar formost of the batches but for the 5.5 and 7.5, finally I found that may be the 5.5 one had a little bit mor tallow or methanol and I fopund that 7.5 grams of KOH is the amount of catalyst thatmakesout more glicerine. The question is what is the right amount of catalyst to use for my next process? I would like to hear comments from you and suggestions about cleaning my biodiesel. I think i will use bubble washing. Thanks Pablo ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Online sources for self study - Black Bodies
A quick search online and I found this about RIE etching of copper using HCL gas. http://yuekuo.tamu.edu/Rie.htm Have a look at the 3rd SEM micrograph down which compares exposing copper to HCL gas vs. HCL plasma. The one on the right (plasma etch) shows surface topography in the micron to sub micron range. this is the condition I was looking for on my silicon etch experiments. I have a hunch that careful optimization of process parameters such as temperature, pressure, plasma density, bias voltage, and perhaps the introduction of a specific contaminant to the gas can result in anisotropy and densification of these structures. This means that it would not be necessary to sputter silicon to get my motheye film but it could be etched directly on the copper pipe. As kirk pointed out copper has low emissivity and if we can get 60% absorbance per hit it might be really viable. :) Joe Joe Street wrote: What I did is the same idea but instead of blades stacked with thier edges facing you picture needles on a nano scale. Blades are effective on one axis. Needles on two axes. J Kirk McLoren wrote: Laser targets look like a stack of razor blades. Multiple reflections and absorbance at each juncture. I once penciled a z fold with 20 degree aperture and made of polished copper would look as good as a black selective surface receiver. The polished copper has low emittance but even though absorbance was around 60% It was quite high after multiple reflections. As your aperture closes # of hits (or bounces if you prefer) become higher and higher. Kirk */Mike Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED]/* wrote: Hi Joe, Your research is a little outside of my range of expertise. So, I gave your message to my finance. She has a PhD in Chemistry and runs a chromatography lab. All she had to say was Wow! He's got access to some nice equipment.. I think she's jealous. I may be way off but, your description reminds me of black anodize. Anyway, it looks promising. Good luck. -Redler Joe Street wrote: Hi Mike; I don't have any references I can recommend but I'll tell you what I did. I dry etched silicon using flourine ions in a reactive ion etcher. Making use of native polymer contamination of the surface and carefully controling the presence of oxygen radicals I was able to form a dense structure of columns roughly 100 nm wide and 400 nm tall that when viewed with an electron microscope look something like a forest. The nanoconvolution of the surface on a scale less than the wavelength of visible light results in an extremely antireflective black surface similar to a moth's eye. (BTW this is why moths see so well in the dark) The silicon material absorbs all the incoming radiation in the visible and longer wavelengths and even most of the ultaviolet I'd guess as low as 198 nm although I haven't tested it. Silicon is roughly similar to iron in its heat conducting properties so this film would be very good for a passive solar system. I think I could build a machine to sputter silicon on pipes and etch it in situ if I had the resources. Joe Mike Redler wrote: Hi everyone, I know of some descent resources for electronic circuits, software development, and a bunch of other stuff. However, I've come up with nuthin' for black bodies which contains both a practical guide for passive solar collection and the analytical/mathematical tools for theoretical modeling. Once I have that, I'm good to go, already having one pretty good general text on heat transfer (J.P. Holman, seventh ed.). Joe, I know you mentioned some work you did with thin films (if my memory serves me right). Can anyone point to a good on-line source? I'd even be happy with a textbook recommendation. -Redler ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and
Re: [Biofuel] New UK member
Hello Matt, welcome Hello, I've just joined the list. My name is Matt and I live near Sheffield, UK. I am currently at the stage of researching biodiesel production to power my 2001 Ford Focus 1.8 TDI. Start here: Where do I start? http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html#start Follow the instructions, step by step. Study everything on that page and the next page and at the links in the text. It tells you everything you need to know. Ultimately, I'd like to make a reactor to produce batches of around 50 litres with Methanol recovery to reduce costs and wastage - it seems Methanol is the major production cost? I am struggling to find any local suppliers of Methanol in small amounts (20-30l) at decent prices, If you're still just researching it, all you need to start is a litre or two for the initial test batches, it doesn't much matter what it costs. Meanwhile you have the time to find bulk suppliers for later when you're ready to scale up from the test batches. so if there are any other UK people who can point me in the direction of a good supplier I would be very, very grateful. It gets asked every couple of months, you can find the answers in the list archives. Best wishes Keith I also understand that we are not permitted to store more than 20 litres of 'fuel' on domestic property here, is this true? and if so what is the workaround ;-) Kind regards, Matt ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Tallow
Hi Pablo HI everybody and Bob and JJN specially, I have made the porr man´s tritation process with tallow. Fresh tallow or used tallow? If it's used tallow did you titrate it or just use the bracket tests? I did apply for the experiment an equivalent of 300mL of methanol per liter, and 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5 of KOH. My results, were to have transformation in all cuantities of catalyst but 4.5. I mean from 5 grams of catalyst per liter I had transformation i got the two fases, and so on with the others. The amount of glicerine were quite similar for most of the batches but for the 5.5 and 7.5, finally I found that may be the 5.5 one had a little bit mor tallow or methanol and I fopund that 7.5 grams of KOH is the amount of catalyst that makes out more glicerine. What strength of KOH are you using? Did you do wash tests of the samples? The question is what is the right amount of catalyst to use for my next process? I would like to hear comments from you and suggestions about cleaning my biodiesel. I think i will use bubble washing. Well, if you want to waste a lot of time and risk oxidising your fuel you can use bubble-washing. I suggest you read this whole page first: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_bubblewash.html Washing Best Keith Thanks Pablo ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] New UK member
I also understand that we are not permitted to store more than 20 litres of 'fuel' on domestic property here, is this true? and if so what is the workaround ;-) Hi Matt, you used to be able to get a license from the local fire brigade to store fuel in your workshop. Chris. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Hello and Question
Hello Joe (Maybe i should say Joe J., as there's at
least one other [ very-knowledgable] Joe {Street} who
often contributes here)
Welcome, from another newbie (been avidly reading
occasionally commenting/questioning for less than a
year).
First off, let me say you are now on probably THE
Premier discussion forum/site re issues of sustainable
practices on the Web! (Like you, i'm also on other
lists) -- I find this the fairest, most balanced, most
reasonably-moderated List of all I'm aware of. My
interests go 'way beyond just bio-diesel, or even
just Bio-fuel, yet i almost always find sane,
sensible, usable information on whatever topic
related to finding a way out of the morass our poor
planet is in. Welcome, indeed.
To your questions:
I'm in Florida, so can't help with specifics about
Maryland -- but I'll bet you'll find them here. The
best i can advise in that regard is - hook up with a
home-brewing bio-diesel enthusiast near you who's
following the advice found here AND on Journey to
Forever -- and in the meantime, spend lots of time in
the Archives (and probably become such an enthusiast
yourself)... it will be time well spent!
The question about the (78% figure) is a Huge bone of
contention between advocates of BAU [business as
usual] OTB thinkers [outside the box]. The issue is
usually discussed in economic terms (cost/benefit
analysis) -- and in just that framework, it is now
too close to call. But there is a larger paradigm
at work, here: global survivability. If it were
purely an economic issue, it would be resolved by the
BAU folks as the statistics change -- God only knows
how many wars, genocides, ecological disasters, failed
states, etc., etc. that may entail (including, BTW,
our own US economy, others of the First World).
Right now, the BAU folks are having it all their way
-- they have the deepest pockets -- they can train
employ the most best brains (tho not ALL the best
brightest - thank whatever God you choose).
The evidence is mounting exponentially (and it's
already insurmountable) that BAU is destroying the
only planet we have to live on -- we HAVE to get OTB,
think of Sustainability, if we want to leave a
planet for our grandchildren to live on. The best
scientists ( i mean True Scientists, who seek serve
only Truth, irrespective of funding sources) give us
anywhere from 10 to 100 years in which to solve this
Sustainability issue, or else -- with growing
consensus on a shorter time-frame. Or else -- we
won't be able to. Period.
In this context, the debate over (78%) is irrelevant.
By way of example (from one tiny slice of the
paradigm): it takes about 10 years to build make
operational a new dam, or power-generating plant, to
serve a hugely-wasteful grid of delivery (whatever the
source of generation -- oil, coal, uranium, biomass,
even water-flow or sunlight). Once up running, such
a system reaches economic viability (break-even, in
cost/benefit analysis) in another 10 - 30 years, can
then be expected to continue feeding the bottom line
for another 40 - 90 years. And you can bet your own
or grandma's eyes teeth that, given the huge capital
investment, the BAU folks will insist (with all their
deep-pocket might) that the system (including the grid
it feeds) will continue in use.
Sustainable? Hah! (But you already know all that, if
you get info from Alternative Media sources -- the MsM
[mainstream media, corporately owned controlled]
does their best to lull you into compliance with BAU
objectives, since they are part of that structure).
The same exam can be applied to the
Auto/truck/rail/highway/fuel consortium. And others.
Please forgive me -- i rant. To be more specific to
your honest, earnest question: the difference between
biomass-derived fuels (there are many kinds, as you'll
discover here) and fossil fuels (also many) is that
fossil fuels come from materials stored eons ago in
the Earth, while bio-mass fuels come from living
(recently) plant systems. Extraction of energy from
bio-mass is relatively ecologically neutral (tho there
are worlds of differences in how we extract said
energy -- and in how the bio-mass is grown) -- fossil
fuels take substances that WERE stored safely (in
terms of eco-systems) out of interaction with the
environment we have to live in, and puts those
substances into the (current) environment. We have
done this for so long, are doing so (using fossil
fuels) so profligately now that we are dangerously
close to changing our environment to one in which we
(and many other life-forms) cannot survive. That's
the Real bottom line. The discussion about (the 78%)
comes down to how best to change from destroying our
planet (welll-l, not quite: Earth is older than Life,
and will continue in orbit with or without Life as we
know it). I leave to experts (there are many on this
List) how best to go about that. Bio-fuels, even if
slightly less economically cost-effective (tho, as i
said earlier, that question's a
Re: [Biofuel] Tallow
I used Fresh Tallow I worked first with fresh vegetable oul and the results of tallow are quiete similar but the glicerine is LIgtherl (less brown). I have not washed any of the tests. I did not tritate I just put in a 200mLmelted tallow in each of the 7 bottles, and add quantities of metanol (300 mL each) and KOH (85% pure) to find out wich quantity would be adequate between ( 4.5 to 7.5 Grams per litre of KOH) those used. I found out that 7,5 grams per litre or 1,5 per 200mL will makemost quantity of gilcerine.But I obtained separation for all of the tests but for the one equivalent to 4,5 grams per liter or 0.9 grams per 200mL. I used methanol excess. And I think i will make Bubble Washing I understand better the method.Any way keithor anybody if you have any sugestions I will hear cause Is the way to get better. Pablo On 6/9/06, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi PabloHI everybody and Boband JJN specially,I have made the porr man´s tritation process with tallow. Fresh tallow or used tallow? If it's used tallow did you titrate itor just use the bracket tests?I did apply for the experiment an equivalent of 300mL of methanolper liter, and 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 , 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5 of KOH.Myresults, were to have transformation in all cuantities of catalystbut 4.5.I mean from 5 grams of catalyst per liter I hadtransformation i got the two fases, and so on with the others.The amount of glicerine were quite similar for most of the batches butfor the 5.5 and 7.5, finally I found that may be the 5.5 one had alittle bit mor tallow or methanol and I fopund that 7.5 grams of KOH is the amount of catalyst that makes out more glicerine.What strength of KOH are you using?Did you do wash tests of the samples?The question is what is the right amount of catalyst to use for my next process?I would like to hear comments from you and suggestions aboutcleaning my biodiesel.I think i will use bubble washing.Well, if you want to waste a lot of time and risk oxidising your fuel you can use bubble-washing. I suggest you read this whole page first:http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_bubblewash.htmlWashingBest KeithThanksPablo___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Net Hypocrisy
Enron Republicans said Don't Regulate for public power utilities. Then there was no longer an assured profit, so not enough investments were not made in power plants or transmission lines. Now our city of Baltimore is facing a 72% fee hike and brown outs followed by black outs over time. Very Respectfully, Michael http://RecoveryByDiscovery.com - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 05, 2006 9:26 AM Subject: [Biofuel] Net Hypocrisy The telephone and cable companies are engaging in cynical wordplay when they cry hands off the Internet. http://www.tompaine.com/articles/2006/06/02/net_hypocrisy.php Net Hypocrisy Art Brodsky June 02, 2006 Art Brodsky is communications director for Public Knowledge, a public interest group working at the intersection of information and technology policy. The legislative opposition to establishing net neutrality is the story of a mantra gone horribly wrong. An idea crafted 10 years ago to protect the Internet, then a new medium, is being morphed into a weapon that would destroy the not-so-new medium a few years from now. This new Internet would be one controlled not by individual freedom, but by the whim of the telephone and cable networks' owners. It is ludicrous for the telephone companies and their congressional allies, principally Republicans, to fight against net neutrality on the basis of the fraudulent don't regulate the Internet mantra. The industry has the gall to name one of their propaganda sites, www.dontregulate.org, part of the Hands Off the Internet family-brought to you by the telephone and cable industries . All of their other arguments hang from this one basic, misapplied concept. The industry and their congressional allies argue that any number of horrible outcomes would flow from net neutrality regulation. You can pick your own fallacies from among the talking points: don't regulate the Internet because it would create volumes of new regulations governing content, don't regulate because it would be the first major government regulation of the Internet. Or, don't regulate the Internet because big Internet companies, want access for free, and so consumers will get stuck with the bill in the form of higher prices. None of them are true. Transmission over the Internet has been regulated for years, until 2005 to be exact, when the FCC took away the rules. The Internet grew up in the dial-up days under common carrier regulation, when telephone companies had no control over content on their networks. No one wants to regulate the Internet-the regulation is of the services of the telephone and cable companies. Congress passed the CAN-SPAM Act three years ago to attempt to regulate spam. You can argue that no one likes spam, but it's hard to argue that this is not regulating the Internet, because email is an integral part of the system. Many of those legislators who now oppose Net Neutrality on the basis of don't regulate voted to curb spam. Additionally, consumers already pay for Internet access, as do Internet-based companies large and small. Their bills run into millions and millions of dollars. No one is asking for Internet access for free. At the root of all of this nonsense is an original philosophy gone wrong. And what was the original mantra? The Internet is different. The fledgling Center for Democracy and Technology had fought the restrictive Communications Decency Act of 1996 all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. Their argument was that the Internet was different. The CDT website says: The CDA imposed broadcast-style content regulations on the open, decentralized Internet and severely restricted the first amendment rights of all Americans. CDT strongly opposed this legislation because it threatened the very existence of the Internet as a means for free expression, education, and political discourse. Although well-intentioned, the CDA was ineffective and failed to recognize the unique nature of this global, decentralized medium. On June 26, 1997, the Supreme Court threw out the CDA, and as it did so, enshrined the notion of a protective barrier around the Internet. The Supreme Court decision quoted a lower court ruling describing the Internet as a unique and wholly new medium of worldwide human communication. All of those arguments from the telephone and cable industries and their allies about not regulating the Internet forget the original purpose of the defense and the character of the Internet. What we're left with is a hollow argument. Republicans stick with the don't regulate reflex reaction, even though the result of minimal net neutrality rules would be to continue the freedom and openness that we have enjoyed, and the result of don't regulate would be industry gatekeeper control of the Internet. The industry twists the don't
[Biofuel] help needed
I''m using foolprof process for about half of year with great succes.Recently I've got oil from diferent restaurant than usual and here comes the problem.After usual processing the oil was red as if it woud have full of glicerine in it.The glicerine did settled in usual amount (cca115 ml) and the wash test went throu normally.Nevertheless I've put in aditional methanol and lie and reprocess the oil.Eksept for some soap formation nothing happened.The BD stayed red.The restaurant owner told me,that he uses mashine for french fries that has the sistem for oil self cleaning. Any idea,anyone? Thanks for answer. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Tallow
Hi Pablo I used Fresh Tallow In that case use the standard amount of lye, there's no need to do bracketing tests. Since you're getting strange results, what else are you doing that could be wrong? How did you process the tests? What temperature? How did you agitate it? For how long? How did you mix the methoxide? I worked first with fresh vegetable oul and the results of tallow are quiete similar but the glicerine is LIgtherl (less brown). I have not washed any of the tests. Why not? Then it's just half a test. Did you wash your fresh vegetable oil tests? I did not tritate I just put in a 200mL melted tallow in each of the 7 bottles, and add quantities of metanol (300 mL each) 150% methanol? 40ml would be enough. Oh, you said below 300 ml per litre, that's 60 ml per 200 ml, still more than enough. and KOH (85% pure) to find out wich quantity would be adequate between ( 4.5 to 7.5 Grams per litre of KOH) those used. The basic quantity of 85% KOH is 5.8 grams per litre, so your first three tests were useless - 4.5, 5.0, 5.5. See Using KOH: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make2.html#koh The first test with 4.5 g would have been useless anyway, as the basic quantity of 100% KOH is 4.9 g/litre. I found out that 7,5 grams per litre or 1,5 per 200mL will make most quantity of gilcerine. But I obtained separation for all of the tests but for the one equivalent to 4,5 grams per liter or 0.9 grams per 200mL. I used methanol excess. You certainly did! And I think i will make Bubble Washing I understand better the method. Tallow won't polymerise, but bubble washing is a lousy method. If you don't understand something well (I think only because you didn't read it yet) then the solution is to try to understand it better, not just to be satisfied with poor methods. Best Keith Any way keith or anybody if you have any sugestions I will hear cause Is the way to get better. Pablo On 6/9/06, Keith Addison mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Pablo HI everybody and Bob and JJN specially, I have made the porr man´s tritation process with tallow. Fresh tallow or used tallow? If it's used tallow did you titrate it or just use the bracket tests? I did apply for the experiment an equivalent of 300mL of methanol per liter, and 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 , 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5 of KOH. My results, were to have transformation in all cuantities of catalyst but 4.5. I mean from 5 grams of catalyst per liter I had transformation i got the two fases, and so on with the others. The amount of glicerine were quite similar for most of the batches but for the 5.5 and 7.5, finally I found that may be the 5.5 one had a little bit mor tallow or methanol and I fopund that 7.5 grams of KOH is the amount of catalyst that makes out more glicerine. What strength of KOH are you using? Did you do wash tests of the samples? The question is what is the right amount of catalyst to use for my next process? I would like to hear comments from you and suggestions about cleaning my biodiesel. I think i will use bubble washing. Well, if you want to waste a lot of time and risk oxidising your fuel you can use bubble-washing. I suggest you read this whole page first: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_bubblewash.htmlhttp://journey toforever.org/biodiesel_bubblewash.html Washing Best Keith Thanks Pablo ___ Biofuel mailing list mailto:Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelist s.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainable lists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlhttp://journeytoforever.org /biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/http://www .mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] help needed
I''m using foolprof process for about half of year with great succes.Recently I've got oil from diferent restaurant than usual and here comes the problem.After usual processing the oil was red as if it woud have full of glicerine in it.The glicerine did settled in usual amount (cca115 ml) and the wash test went throu normally.Nevertheless I've put in aditional methanol and lie and reprocess the oil.Eksept for some soap formation nothing happened.The BD stayed red.The restaurant owner told me,that he uses mashine for french fries that has the sistem for oil self cleaning. Any idea,anyone? Thanks for answer. Hi Bruno What kind of oil is it? The red colour could have more to do with the oil than with the processing. If the wash test and methanol test are okay then the biodiesel should be okay too. Best Keith ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Herbicides in your corn?
It might be a really good idea to lay off corn in your diet. This is a classic case of "science" being guided by accountants ( greed).Where was the FDA on this? Who is protecting us? Peace, D. Mindock GENETICALLY ENGINEERED CORN PRODUCING HERBICIDES IN YOUR GUT? A widely cultivated variety of genetically engineered corn may be slowly poisoning American consumers. Dupont's Pioneer Liberty Link corn was bioengineered to withstand high levels of the toxic herbicide glufosinate. Enzymes in the plant actually break down the herbicide, making it less toxic to the plant, thereby allowing farmers to apply higher levels of herbicides to the plant and surrounding weeds. Scientists are now finding that enzymes in the human gut are likely "reactivating" the herbicide within our bodies. A recent study on rats found that 10% of the chemicals were reconverted back to the toxic herbicide within the digestive tract of the animal. Another study on goats found a full 30% of the herbicide was rebuilt in the gut. Glufosinate is known to cause nerve damage and is a likely endocrine disruptor. Scientists are also concerned that by reactivating the toxic chemical in the digestive tract, it is likely killing off beneficial bacteria necessary for healthy digestion. Learn more: http://www.organicconsumers.org/2006/article_637.cfm ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
