Re: [Biofuel] Burning glycerol for heat / Acrolein
Thanks Keith, Well I have a few thoughts on the burning... I WAS hoping I could burn it in a Turk style (perhaps scaled up) burner, to heat water for various process uses..but I am concerned with the emissions... Another idea is to offload it to someone already in the pollution business (just kidding) I have a customer who burns around 4000gal/wk of waste motor oil in a large open flame jet burner. My thought was for him to use my by-product blended with his waste oil. This by-product would end up at a blend level no higher than 10%glycerol to 90% motor oil, and hence reduce his fuel costs by around 10% The goal of using it as a BTU additive to other biomass in a biomass gasifier seems the best end use, but of course, these units are quite expensive. In this case the temp of combustion is up around 1800degF..and emissions are not much of an issue. Thanks, Rob Depending on the temperature, the thermal degradation of vegetable oils is a polymerisation (200-300 °C), a degradation of vegetable oils into acrolein, ketene, fatty acids then formation of alcanes, alcenes above 300 °C and finally a formation of a gas-liquid mixture from around 500 °C up. -- ACREVO study: http://www.biomatnet.org/secure/Fair/F484.htm BioMatNet Item: FAIR-CT95-0627 - Advanced Combustion Research for Energy from Vegetable Oils (ACREVO) Lower temperature of combustion, more acrolein. It needs higher temps than 500 deg C to burn the by-product anyway. you can burn the glycerin portion, and the excess methanol if you haven't removed it, but the burner soon gunks up with black and horribly abused but unburnt soap. I haven't managed to get full clean combustion at about 700 deg C and it may have been higher than that. Michael Allen reckons it needs 1,000 deg C and five seconds' residence time, and maybe pre-heating and atomization too I thought. We've been finding good solutions for by-product use, and good solutions for burners as well, though we haven't given up yet on burning the by-product. How are you planning to burn it? Best wishes Keith -Rob ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Burning glycerol for heat / Acrolein
ok so this thread has drifted quite far from my original inquiry. I was looking for specific, or even close estimates, of the acrolein emissions from glycerol burning in an open flame boiler/burner unit..not for its use as a motor fuel, or its combination with nitrogen. -Rob At 01:58 PM 7/18/2005, you wrote: Who knows, I might be right next to you. ;-) [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: r wrote: How about using nitrox, nope, it won't work. Nitrox is just a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen with more oxygen than a normal atmosphere. to make nitroglycerin (actually easy) one need only combine fuming nitric, fuming sulfuric, and glycerin in the correct proportions, while keeping the whole lot cool. Just let me know when you are going to do it so I can several miles away. In reality it is a very, very dangerous process. As I recall it was Alfred Nobels brother who was killed by a nitroglycerin explosion which inspired him to invent dynamite (nitroglycerin + sawdust or a similar dispersant) You could use nitromethane (liquid) or nitrous oxide (gas) but that doesn't get to the point of using the glycerin. I am going to try taking the glycerin and esterifying it with short chain fatty acids such that I come up with a molecule with about the same mol wt as the FAMEs. For example one could make tributyl glycerate and it should have the same viscoity and vapor pressure as FAME. The only problem is that the energy content is lower still than FAME which is slightly lower than fossil diesel. as in used in recreational diving? I suppose that there is a need for energy to combine the nitrogen with the glycerin, to make the chemical reaction happen. Maybe carry 2 tanks (one of glycerin and one of nitrox)? There might be a pre-combustion chamber where a spark would be set to the glycerin/nitrox mixture, to create the nitroglycerin, then the nitroglycerin would be sent to the engine to be burned. Would the design be feasible and realistic? ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Burning glycerol for heat / Acrolein
Hello all, I am considering the use of my glycerol coproduct as a burner fuel for process heat generation (indirect via boiler). My glycerol generated while running 20% methanol is of very low viscosity (mostly likely due to the excess methanol), and seems quite usable. This may be more advantageous than recover when heating large batches. I have been searching for emissions information on this, as I have heard that toxic acrolein is produced.when glycerin is burnt at temps below 1800degF. (I have heard this about WVO/SVO usage as well). My question is how much?...as acrolein is also produced burning gasoline, diesel, and cigarettes. It seems that if the amount of acrolein produced by burning the gylerol waste is LESS than the amount that would be produced by burning the amount of petro diesel that is offset by the biodiesel..then net amount of acrolein is still a reduction, and hence acceptable. Any data out there? Any chemists out there who may be able to calculate an approximation? Molecular formula C3H4O (..that's little 3, little 4) -Rob .. Info on Acrolein: Acrolein is principally used as a chemical intermediate in the production of acrylic acid and its esters. Acrolein is used directly as an aquatic herbicide and algicide in irrigation canals, as a microbiocide in oil wells, liquid hydrocarbon fuels, cooling-water towers and water treatment ponds, and as a slimicide in the manufacture of paper (IARC, 1985). Combustion of fossil fuels, tobacco smoke, and pyrolyzed animal and vegetable fats contribute to the environmental prevalence of acrolein (IARC, 1985). Acrolein is a byproduct of fires and is one of several acute toxicants which firefighters must endure. It is also formed from atmospheric reactions of 1,3- butadiene. The annual statewide industrial emissions from facilities reporting under the Air Toxics Hot Spots Act in California based on the most recent inventory were estimated to be 54,565 pounds of acrolein (CARB, 2000). CHRONIC TOXICITY SUMMARY ACROLEIN (2-propenal, acraldehyde, allyl aldehyde, acryl aldehyde) CAS Registry Number: 107-02-8 I. Chronic Toxicity Summary Inhalation reference exposure level 0.06 mg/m3 (0.03 ppb) Critical effect(s) Histological changes in nasal epithelium in rats Hazard index target(s) Respiratory system; eyes II. Physical and Chemical Properties (HSDB, 1995) Description Colorless or yellow liquid with piercing, disagreeable odor Molecular formula C3H4O (oops..thats litte 3, little 4) Molecular weight 56.1 g/mol Density 0.843 g/cm3 @ 20°C Boiling point 53°C Melting point -88°C Vapor pressure 220 torr @ 20°C Odor threshold 160 ppb (370 mg/m3) (Amoore and Hautala, 1983) Solubility Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, and up to 20% w/v in water Conversion factor 1 ppm = 2.3 mg/m3 @ 25° C ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Glycerine as fuel
Any concerns to possible toxic emissions...as with the concern of some SVOers? I have heard that some nasty toxins are produced by the burning of crude glycerin..although I have no data on it. Perhaps it is temperature (of combustion) related..and hence not an issue with a gasifier? At 10:13 PM 6/4/2005, you wrote: Bill, One would imagine that a gasifier would reduce all components of the glyc cocktail to syn gas and char. Gasification is a novel thought to reducing that waste/co-product to nill though. No addition of anything. No chemical refining. No new energy inputs. No disposal problem with the remaining crude glycerol. A standard ratio/mix of biomass to cocktail might be just the ticket. Here is a gasifier that we've been eying for a couple of years now. http://www.alternateheatingsystems.com/woodboilers.htm It's the only one we've seen that might fit the ticket. Todd Swearingen Bill Clark wrote: Hi to all, Yesterday I visited a small wood veneer operation using a wood gasification unit to produce steam which heats the veneer driers. They had previously been using LPG as a fuel source. The increase in the price of LPG was threatening to put them out of business. With the help of a grant from the State of Alabama they installed the new biomass gasification unit and paid it off ($500,000.00 USD) in a year and a half. There is another industry here struggling with LPG prices. Chicken growers. These small rural farmers must heat their chicken houses during cool or cold weather. Each house is 60 ft. wide by 200 ft. long. They turn the houses over 6 times per year. Each time a flock is sold, a layer of litter (peanut hulls and chicken waste) must be removed from the floor of the house. While the litter poduced is being used on some farmland (a problem in itself), there is a large glut of chicken litter piled around most of these farms. It is smelly, full of avian pathogens and is a serious leachate problem. There is work being done to utilize this waste as a heat source for these houses. The Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs Science, Technology and Energy division (ADECA-STE) is very interested in biomass as energy and has a grant program aimed at agricultural energy efficiency. Questions: Can raw glycerine co-product from a biodiesel operation be effective as a source of syngas in a gasifier? What implications from the soap content? Proposal: Since the removal of the litter from each house is a very dusty operation, utilize raw glycerine co-product as a dust settler on the surface of the litter with the added benefit of increasing the energy content of the biomass. Use the waste biomass as fuel in a wood gasification unit to produce heat for the chicken houses. As some of you know, I am running a wvo to biodiesel project for the City of Eufaula, AL. I produce about 600 gal. of biodiesel per week leaving me with approximately 90 gal. of raw glycerine co-product. While this is not enough to treat the 400 chicken houses in the area, it may be enough to demonstrate this idea on one or two farms. If the addition of raw glycerine to chicken litter is workable, perhaps it could create a reliable use for raw glycerine produced in a larger scale biodiesel plant. The raw glycerine could be sold for perhaps $.50-1.00 per gallon, a nice price that would have an impact on the feasibility of a local biodiesel operation. I am just begining to think this through so any comments, positive or negative, would be appreciated. Hoping all is well with each of you, Bill Clark ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Dewatering WVO with vacuum and heat
The 40 gallon electric water heater held 26 of vacuum all afternoon. Will post details of actual dewatering soon. -Rob ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Dewatering WVO with vacuum and heat
considering a combined heat/vacuum system. I have been wondering if a standard electric water heater vessel can handle a vacuum of ~24 of mercury vacuum...anyone tried this yet? The boiling point of water is around 140degF at ~24 of mercury... In this way...: 1. Fill water heater with filtered oil 2. Heat to 140DegF 3. Meanwhile draw 24 vacuum 4. Allow water to boil off, until moisture indicator (as used by HVAC contractor) shows no water vapor content in vacuum vapor output. 5. Release vacuum 6. Allow oil to cool a few degrees (below methanol boiling point) 7. Start biodiesel reaction (or transfer for use as WVO fuel) I am aware that drawing the vacuum uses energy, it just seems that heating oil produces quite a bit of wasted energy, as the heat eventually is just dissipated (hence wasted), so using a vacuum to reduce the amount of heating MAY be a more efficient way to go...? thoughts? ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Biodiesel/SVO filtration
Biodiesel filtration unit. It does have applications for both. The unit has an internal electric heater that is thermostatically set to operate up to 110degF, in addition to in internal coolant loop. I have one of these units on my converted 1994 Dodge Ram 2500 Cummins and am very pleased with it. -Rob At 12:03 PM 4/17/2005, you wrote: I have no financial interest in this company. It seems they are using SVO and biodiesel interchangeably. Oh well. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: Drying WVO - Is there a simple way?
I have found that gravity will take most of the free water out in time. Warming the oil to about 140degF speeds up the process. The use of a centrifuge speeds it up even further (but can be costly unless you stumble into a good deal on one). I know some folks are using some vacuum setups to lower the boiling point, and using flash evaporators and or thin film evaporators, but I wonder if it is needed. (As a side question...how much more efficient is a vacuum assisted evaporator from a total energy usage standpoint, than just heat, after all one must use energy to create the vacuum?) There still seems to be some debate over how dry the oil needs to be. For WVO/SVO fuel systems, I am not positive that small quantities of water are all that problematic...after all there are water injection systems out there, and a few companies that sell diesel /water emulsifiers in order to suspend water into diesel fuel as a method of altering combustion temperature to reduce NOX emissions. So from a combustion standpoint..seems that small amounts of water will simply turn to steam. Free water over time can collect in the fuel system and cause freeze issues, and corrode internal components of injection systems...but if you are running a dual tank WVO system, switching back to diesel prior to shutdown, there should not be water sitting in the injection system. Does a small amount of water affect the lubricity value of the WVO?..perhaps..but with the initial lubricity of WVO being so high, I suspect there is a bit of room to play. So far I have been running 10 micron filtered gravity settled oil (about a week at around 70degF) with a heated waterblock type filter in vehicle. Very little, if any water collects in the clear bowl. I have yet to run into any problems that indicate water problems...but only topping out at around 10k miles..so nothing definitive. I understand the need to dry WVO for biodiesel production, but wonder how needed it is for straight WVO as fuel. -Rob At 08:30 PM 3/8/2005, you wrote: Hello to all: I'm wondering if anyone is using WVO and drying it before use. I filter it and it looks brite and clear but I worry that there may be water disolved in the oil. Is there a simple test for water content? Is there a simple method of removing moisture? I don't want to heat 50 gallons to 150C. Searching..___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Locally grown food greener than organic
http://grist.org/cgi-bin/forward.pl?forward_id=4459http://grist.org/cgi-bin/forward.pl?forward_id=4459 YOU SAY TOMATO, I SAY HIDDEN COSTS OF TRANSPORT Locally grown food greener than organic, British study says Though organic farming is relatively easy on the environment, buying locally grown food, even the pesticide-sprayed variety, is usually more earth-friendly than buying organic, a new study contends. Published in the journal Food Policy, the study found that the transportation of food over long distances -- anywhere outside a 12-mile radius -- can cause more harm than the growing of food with non-organic methods. Researchers calculated the hidden costs of farming and food transport and found that the U.K. would save some $4 billion a year in environmental and traffic costs if all food consumed was locally grown, and an additional $2.1 billion a year if all food were grown organically. The study authors called on supermarkets to label items with the number of food miles they travel to get to the store. The most political act we do on a daily basis is to eat, as our actions affect farms, landscapes, and food businesses, said study coauthor Jules Pretty of the University of Essex. straight to the source: BBC News, 02 March 2005 http://grist.org/cgi-bin/forward.pl?forward_id=4459http://grist.org/cgi-bin/forward.pl?forward_id=4459 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] End of Suburbia
The film is not predicting die-off, it is predicting/describing a probable coming change. Are they starving? No. This has been going on for quite a while now, but nobody seems to have noticed. Or very few anyway. So much for die-off at the end of Big Oil. As I assume (yikes! ..pardon) most of us agree, long over due changes such as organic farming, and resource conservation will simply become unavoidable. I guess another reason I like the film is simply because it exists at all. While it may not address every aspect, consequence, or possibility, this is the first film I have come across that even breeches the issue, and really questions the sustainability of suburban America. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] End of Suburbia
I wasn't talking about the film, and this below was a quote from a previous message: My bad..sorry for the bit of confusion on my part. As you say, more sensible behaviour will simply become unavoidable. Perhaps above all else, humans as a species are good at adapting, and adapt we will. Indeed! -Rob ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Was: Kyoto- nothing but... End of Suburbia
and the collapse of the American Dream http://www.endofsuburbia.com/ Matthew Simmons is featured in the film quite a bit. Everyone should see this film. There is a good article at http://www.simmonsco-intl.com click on Our research then on Speeches then on The Status of Future Energy Sources February 8, 2005 The author is an investment banker to the oil and gas industry. You can bet that he's not saying the end of oil is nigh because he likes the idea. He is an advisor to the Bush administration, and they know what he knows. You can put two and two together. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] End of Suburbia
(not solution) is that a possible trouble with moving further out is that unless you can provide all of your own goods/services (which most can not), the increased distance will require MORE not less transportation (and hence more energy). High density living facilitates a reduction/concentration of transportation, and also enables the use of higher efficiency transportation methods (mass transit for individuals, trains for goods, etc). ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] End of Suburbia
The point the film makes is that suburban America is a product of cheap oil. America has very few cities/towns that could exist (as they currently are) in the fashion you describe below. The low density sprawl that makes up suburbia is now a complete function of cheap oil, from personal transportation, to food supply (i.e. the 1500mile salad), etc...and with the days of cheap oil being numbered, the fate of this mode of living is finally being more popularly challenged. A shift (back) to local economies, local production of goods, local service providers, is one possible consequence of increased oil prices. Concentration of goods and services. Both a return to urbanism and moving out to the country to live alone, grow one's own food, etc are forms of concentration of services..but applied to different quantities of population. -Rob Atlanta, GA - Suburban Sprawl Car Dependent Nightmare of the South. At 03:46 PM 2/24/2005, you wrote: Good evening Ken. A long time ago I choose at the same time 2 options you mentioned: a) move in closer (to a working place) and c) get further out (to the countryside) I used to live in the capital city of Asuncion, its population is around 1/2 million people and now because of my job, I live in a small town of 25,000 inhabitants where the only public transportation system is taxis and a few buses running between towns but not inside. Here, in Pilar I can go anywhere on foot, bicycle, motorcycle or a car. My workplace is only 200 meters away from home, of course I just walk, it is much cheaper and if I am in a hurry I just have to run and I get here faster than a car :) Most of the people here in Pilar use bicycles and there is a tendency instead of buying an expensive car they buy a new or used motorcycle with an engine of 65 cc to 250 cc, 2 or 4 cycles. Many co-workers told me that their gasoline consumption to move around here is 10 - 20 litres per month, this cost only some of them can afford and most of them go to work by bicycle. Regards. Juan Paraguay -Mensaje original- De: Ken Provost [SMTP:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Enviado el: Jueves 24 de Febrero de 2005 1:01 PM Para: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Asunto: Re: [Biofuel] End of Suburbia on 2/24/05 8:18 AM, R Del Bueno at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: There is a great film out now called The End of Suburbia .. Oil depletion and the collapse of the American Dream http://www.endofsuburbia.com/ Matthew Simmons is featured in the film quite a bit. Everyone should see this film. I ordered it from Post Carbon Institute and have been showing it around for a couple weeks now. It's a bit timid, and it seems to put a lot of emphasis on new urbanism as a comfortable alterna- tive to the energy-intensive suburban model. Personally I favor a more rural lifeboat approach. I wonder how our non-U.S. members see this issue -- if you lived in the suburbs of a huge city, say, 20 km outside Paris or Berlin, gasoline was 10X today's price, and the city was suffering from food shortages, infrastucture breakdown, daily power outages, etc., would you try to: a) move in closer, b) stay where you are, or c) get further out? -K ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Corporate biofuel is a reality
down with most independent (non corporate franchise) restaurant owners and convince them why partnering with a local biofuel co-op is better for all. Get yourself (or your co-op, or your small biofuel company) set up as a legal hauler, and take the time to establish legal collection accounts. Again as stated in my recent posts (see microsclae - was World Energy), I think a unification of the backyarders is in order. Unless you simply want to exist under the radar (which I do not think will make much of a difference in the big picture in sheer gallons), teaming up and establishing a legal small-scale systems could go a long way. A micro-scale coalition, or co-op of co-ops, can be a central body for funding appropriate testing/QA, can provide a trade association representing the interests of small scale production, and may be able to serve as a central purchasing agent in order to negotiate lower chemical prices. You already know the economics of small scale distributed production. What is needed now is a legal way to grow it. At 09:28 AM 2/4/2005, you wrote: Wow ! And just where does that leave the homebrewer ? With corporate suckin up (!) all the feedstock, no doubt with government protections about to be put in place, the backyard as they like to call it with the conotation that it is backwards, homebrewer can always get his econo-friendly fuel where ? Corporate ! At what cost ? Upteen times what it costs you now and the quality won't be any where near what you are doing now when it is done right. You have a vested inetrest in makin good fuel, it is your vehicle. They, on the other hand, do not. The prime and only concern of corporate is the profit line as has been shown in too numerous an amount of examples to recount here. When well-meaning biofuels advocates invite corporate into the fray it is cutting off one's nose to spite one's face.Soon the teacher will be the servant, no doubt. Corporate will try to sustain the same levels of consumption of fuel to fuel the profit margin only attempting to replace dino with WVO ect thereby depleting the availability of the feedstock and turning it into a comodity that corporate will pay to acquire then pass that cost on to you, which heretofore you were making at a fraction of the cost for a higher quality product. Corporate and government involvement in these projects in a Third World setting seems to be a good thing, a need looking to be filled, however when western corporate, with it's long history of abuse, gets involved it can't be a good omen. Luc - Original Message - From: bmolloy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, February 04, 2005 12:36 AM Subject: [Biofuel] Corporate biofuel is a reality UK: January 19, 2005 LONDON - Britain's newest biodiesel plant, capable of turning recycled cooking oil and animal fats into fuel for cars, is due onstream in Scotland this spring, boosting output of the green fuel by up to 35,000 tonnes a year. Its privately-held owner, Argent Energy, said the 15 million-pound ($28 millon) facility was already warming up. We've just started commissioning...there may be other plants in construction at the moment, but when this comes online -- which we hope will be mid-April or May -- it will be the largest in Britain, the firm's joint managing director Andy Hunter told Reuters on Tuesday. It will be larger than the total capacity of the rest of the UK for processing saturated fats into a quality diesel fuel and the largest of its kind in the world. The London-based company said it is in talks with a number of transport companies interested in using the fuel. The plant near Motherwell in Scotland is expected to be up and running a few months before green fuel start-up Biofuels Corp. brings its giant 250,000-tonne facility at Teesside in northeast England into use. When our plant comes online, we will effectively increase total UK capacity somewhere between four- and five-fold. Obviously, with Biofuels Corp. coming on, we should see another dramatic rise, Hunter said. In 2004, Britain produced only 10,000 tonnes of biodiesel. Biodiesel can be made from a range of vegetable oils including rapeseed, soy, sunflower and palm, but it can also be derived from animal fats, grease and tallow. It is seen as an environmentally-friendly alternative or addition to regular diesel. EU TARGETS SPUR INTEREST Argent Energy said European Union targets on biofuel had helped help spur interest in the sector. If one looks at the moves both politically and economically throughout the whole of Europe, there's been a significant shift towards biofuels, the firm said. As part of a range of measures drawn up in response to international agreements to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the EU is keen to see biofuel account for two percent of all fuel sales in 2005, rising to 5.75 percent by 2010. The reduction in the UK duty level on biodiesel by 20
[Biofuel] Magnesol XL ?
http://www.rti-inc.com/magnesol.htm I noticed they now run an ad in Biodiesel Magazine February 2005, Page 44 Reduce or eliminate water wash Eliminate Emulsions ..etc I am actually more curious of its application for cleaning WVO for direct WVO usage. -Rob ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] micro-scale -was: World Energy and Dow Chemical
Lets hope that they are too blinded by their outlook on petroleum long enough for the co-ops and local interests to take hold. I think micro-scale will always be workable, and possibly have economic advantages. In the US, there are some regulatory expenses that currently hinder small scale operations. I am in the early stages of developing a local micro-scale plan. I recently attended the Grassroots Biodiesel Conference in Pittsboro NC hosted by Piedmont Biofuels Co-Op. I was hoping to learn more about starting a biofuel co-op, but was disappointed with the lack of success of other attempts around the country. Although learning what doesn't work is just as valuable if not more! One thing that plagues legal small scale production is regulatory issues. A quick glance at the regulatory economics of small scale production. Let us consider an operation that has a 110 gallon batch reactor, running a batch per day, 5 days a week. Let us assume then we are producing about 500 gal/wk, say 45 weeks a year, or 22,500 gallons of b100 annually. Let us call this size operation and smaller micro production To become a legal fuel producer (in the US), one must have either conducted, or license Heath Effects Testing for the fuel to be produced. Currently, joining the National Biodiesel Board, who has already conducted these tests, and is the owner of the resulting data, is the simplest way to gain access to the data. One can legally use the NBB testing results by joining the NBB. The minimum NBB membership as a small producer is $2,500. If you produce over 250,000 gallons a year a one cent per gallon dues rate structure kicks in. This membership has limited rights in the NBB, and no voting power. The only other option is to come up with $200,000 for Tier 1 testing ourselves. One solution to that may be an alliance of micro-producers around the country, or basically, an alternative to the NBB, but this is a topic for another thread. BTW ... I am very interested in starting such an organization. In the case of joining the NBB, the cost of data licensing per gallon would be: 2500/22500=0.1 so let's say .12/gallon. This does not include periodic testing of actual fuel produced, to ensure it meets the ASTM D751 specification. My understanding is that the actual complete test is roughly $900 per test. I have no idea how often testing is required..this must be found out. You can see how testing alone can be a major cost. If you had to test every 100 gallon batch, (45x5x900)/22,500 = $9.00 per gallon!! If you had to test every 1000 gallons, (22.5x900)/22,500 = .90 per gallon If you had to test once a year, (900)/22,500 = .04 per gallon How often is one required to test? This is a big unknown, and I will dig to find this out. My guess would be that there is no required testing interval, but your fuel may be subject to random EPA testing, and so as a producer, you want to ensure your fuel meets spec continually. One way to do this may be to do some portions of the testing in-house. If your in-house testing starts to deviate too much, it is an indicator you may be drifting out of spec. Period full testing should probably be done as often as one can afford. Assuming one does full testing quarterly, you can then assume about .12/gal for testing, and .12/gal for NBB membership...or .24/gal in regulatory expense. There is also the fixed costs of being registered with the EPA as Atypical fuel producer, local state/city business license fees, and the like..these must be determined. My LLC costs $30/year to be registered, other annual state/county business fees fall under $100.00/yr so these may be negligible. In order to sell this legally, one must also deal with the motor-fuel tax issues. A bond is required up front, to cover any discrepancies in your fuel tax filings. This would fall into startup capital costs. Assuming a co-op forms alliances with enough sympathetic local restaurants, and is able to acquire waste oil for free, and assuming labor is part of co-op membership, it seems cost of collection/transportation (svo powered of course) and pre-processing of feedstock can be as low as .15/gallon. This is a huge advantage compared to large scale production. The utilization of by-products in svo/glycerin fired boilers (a turk burner fired boiler unit is quite simple) to provide the needed heat for pre-processing, processing, etc, helps too. The ability to acquire donated space for production (I have plenty of space in our specific case) will also lower costs. Chemical purchases will certainly be higher per gallon produced with micro-scale production, but perhaps overtime, a co-op of co-ops can be used to make larger bulk purchases of chemicals. All this being said..my gut tells me this is a workable approach. Love to hear everyone's/anyone's thoughts on this! -Rob ___ Biofuel mailing list
[Biofuel] World Energy and Dow Chemical Sign Biodiesel Production Agreement
(It is my understanding, but I may be mistaken, that World Energy, who evidently controls around 75% of the US biodiesel market, is owned by Gulf Oil) World Energy and Dow Chemical Sign Biodiesel Production Agreement World Energy and Dow Haltermann Custom Processing (DHCP) have joined into a production agreement that should enhance World Energyâs Biodiesel production and distribution capabilities and DHCPâs - a Dow business unit comprised of operations within The Dow Chemical Co. and Johann Haltermann, Ltd. -· DHCP will produce biodiesel at its Houston location exclusively for World Energy in North America, sourcing the raw materials and production to World Energyâs specifications. ãWe are very enthusiastic about our collaboration with Dow,ä said Gene Gebolys, founder and president of World Energy. ãDowâs global reputation for manufacturing excellence coupled with our rigorous attention to high-quality biodiesel production results in a win for both companies, as well as for consumers and the environment,ä he said. ãManufacturing Biodiesel for World Energy is yet another example of how Dow is using its capabilities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency through a variety of means, including the advancement of alternative forms of energy, ranging from fuel cell technology to renewable feedstocks,ä said Simon Upfill-Brown, general manager of Dow Haltermann Custom Processing. ãWe are, therefore, pleased to leverage the operations expertise of our custom processing division to provide World Energ with the world-class production necessary to enable the continued growth of the biodiesel market,ä he said. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] 86 Ford Ranger TD - was B100 TDI cold start
had to purchase anything for it other than fuel filters, oil filters, air filters, etc. I am not aware of the availability of the components you mentioned. So far so good. My only reservation is the weight capacity of the Ranger itself...I think I may sell it soon in order to upgrade to a full-size truck, perhaps Dodge Cummins 2500 circa 1994ish. At 08:45 AM 1/19/2005, you wrote: Hello, I noticed in your post that you have a Ranger Turbo Diesel. I was wondering how you like it? Are you able to get parts? i.e. glow plugs, glow plug relay, timing belts etc. The reason I am asking is that I acquired an 87 turbo diesel in the summer and I plan to put the engine in to an 87 Ranger 4x4 fully restored. Any insight would be helpful. Aidan ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] B100 TDI cold start in a pinch exhaust tip
drop to around 24 degF, which caught a few B100 folks by surprise this morning. A friend of mine who had 1/2 a tank of b100 in his 2005 Jetta TDI wagon hopped in his car, drove about a block, and stalled out. No way that solid block of fuel was moving. So... I met him with 5 gallons of petrodiesel and some diesel fuel anti gelling additive and hoped we could get things flowing. No luck. So... after wishing we had a hair dryer to warm up the fuel filter (and IP, lines, etc)..we had an idea... Off we ran to the hardware store for an 8' length of laundry dryer flex hose, and some foil tape. Hooked the hose to the exhaust of my 86 Ford Ranger (turbo diesel)...stuffed it under the hood of the jetta (as the bottom the car has a bunch of cowling)..and sat in the warm Ford for about 20 minutes. After a few attempts..The engine fired up! It stalled out moments later, but one more try got it up and running. Soon the 50/50 blend with additive was flowing, and it was smooth sailing. Just thought I'd pass along the experience. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] was Acusorb Beads...Paper elements
mention that paper fuel filters should not be used for methyl esters. Can anyone verify this? To my knowledge..most folks out there have a final fuel filter made with paper elements (the metal can spin on units). People running biodiesel (unmodified, non WVO/SVO) seem to usually use standard diesel fuel filters onboard...and most of these are paper, correct? Even the WVO/SVO folks running Racor filters (Greasel), Webb/Racor Vormax Filters (Neoteric), and Greasecar's VW filter element...are these not all paper internally as well? At 09:49 PM 1/12/2005, you wrote: Hello Andy, My experience w/ acusorb beads has been good and bad. The beads were exhausted rapidly, however, I was using them without any pre treatment or serious filtering beforehand. Before they were exhausted. I produced 400 gallons of beautiful biodiesel. My opinion is still up in the air. Since I did not use them as instructed I can hardly complain about the short life span. I think that the best use for them is to remove the last traces of water from well filtered and mostly dewatered oil. I have recently begun to use the .5 micron prefilter and it does remove a good bit of water. Once it is properly set up, I will report on how the beads progress. Bill Clark - Original Message - From: Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 6:46 AM Subject: [Biofuel] Bill Clark and Acusorb Beads Hi, I have read about Bill Clark's use of the beads and would like see how they are doing now. I am wondering if they are acting in an ion exchange manner and get exhausted overtime. I have read many people suggest that the beads are one material or another, but does anyone know what they are for sure? I doubt they are silica gels or activated alumina since neither of those two turn black at 350F. Someone suggested that they are superabsorber polymers, but have found little information to sway me one way or another on that possibility. I found reference to Sorbeads and wonder if these are them, once again Ð not enough information. I would love to get a sample analyzed and determine what they are really made out of·. Bill or anyone willing to send me a small sample? Andy ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Acusorb Beads simply polyacrylamide?
gardening and AG markets? http://www.watersorb.com Polyacrylamide is sold under many different names: Terra-Sorb ¨ , Hydrosource ¨, Hydro-mulch, water crystals, PAM, copolymer, Moist Soil¨, Aquasorb ¨, Agrosoke¨, Smart Soil ¨, Aquacrystalsú, Bioplexú, Agro-diamonds ¨, At 09:49 PM 1/12/2005, you wrote: Hello Andy, My experience w/ acusorb beads has been good and bad. The beads were exhausted rapidly, however, I was using them without any pre treatment or serious filtering beforehand. Before they were exhausted. I produced 400 gallons of beautiful biodiesel. My opinion is still up in the air. Since I did not use them as instructed I can hardly complain about the short life span. I think that the best use for them is to remove the last traces of water from well filtered and mostly dewatered oil. I have recently begun to use the .5 micron prefilter and it does remove a good bit of water. Once it is properly set up, I will report on how the beads progress. Bill Clark - Original Message - From: Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 6:46 AM Subject: [Biofuel] Bill Clark and Acusorb Beads Hi, I have read about Bill Clark's use of the beads and would like see how they are doing now. I am wondering if they are acting in an ion exchange manner and get exhausted overtime. I have read many people suggest that the beads are one material or another, but does anyone know what they are for sure? I doubt they are silica gels or activated alumina since neither of those two turn black at 350F. Someone suggested that they are superabsorber polymers, but have found little information to sway me one way or another on that possibility. I found reference to Sorbeads and wonder if these are them, once again Ð not enough information. I would love to get a sample analyzed and determine what they are really made out of·. Bill or anyone willing to send me a small sample? Andy ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] polyacrylamide / superabsorbers
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Re: [Biofuel] Ford Synus Diesel Urban concept car shows at Detroit
At 06:15 PM 1/8/2005, you wrote: http://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/01/fordrsquos_syns.html Synus? I guess the reduced PM of B20, etc. will be good for the sinuses! --- Biomass diesel? The use of that term is in itself interesting. Let alone the little armored car thing. Shows they're thinking, at least, since it was shown in Detroit. Is this foreshadowing a new terminology, a more generic one perhaps? One that broadens the definition in future beyond biodiesel (methyl or ethyl ester) to include various thing like SVO, alcohol/SVO blends, ethanol diesel, etc...? Regards, Edward Beggs B.E.S. M.Sc. Neoteric Biofuels Inc. http://www.biofuels.ca Support Engineers Without Borders. See: www.ewb.ca ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] student seeking info on conducting Feasability Studies...part of Thesis
feasibility study for GA not to long ago. A .pdf of the report can be found at: http://www.agecon.uga.edu/~caed/biodieselrpt.pdf -Rob At 06:33 PM 1/7/2005, you wrote: Dave, With a little bit of research on the Journey To Forever website you will find most of your answers. I am sure you will get some responses from the helpful experts on this email list. TO give you encouragement, I worked at a petroleum company for several years. The one I worked for has 35,000 gas stations around the world. I cannot knock them because they helped bring up my family with a good salary. But I do think there are opportunities to look at different fuel supply streams such as biodiesel. Many petroleum folks think the same way and will happen as inertia hits crtical point. I miss the steady salary of a real job but my early retirement and now free-lance work was a blessing in disguise cause I get to meet people like you and others on this email list. Keep up the good work. Citizen at Large Phillip Wolfe --- David Thornton [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings to all, My name is David and i'm a student at university of Mary Washington as well as a home brewer. I was originally drawn to biodiesel for 3 reasons: 1) its resistance to multinational oil corporations, 2) its lower emissions, and 3) the ability to make my own fuel. As I've become more involved in the biodiesel scene here in VA I've encountered several municipalities (or is it municipals...whatever) as well as universities which have adopted biodiesel into their fleets. I have had my thesis approved (major: Sustainable Development ( focusing on greening capitalism) to conduct a study of the feasiblity of buying and/or brewing BD on site for the university and city fleets. While i have a good idea of what is entailed in a feasability study, i understand that there is a general format which biodiesel consultants tend to follow. I'm hoping there is a consultant out there who can send me a copy of a feasability study that i may use as a guideline in my study, or at least list for me some of the important criteria. I have a general outline of my approach to this study for anyone interested. Also, I'd like to know what kinds of grants are available for student BD research that would apply for a student researching BD for a University or City. This is an amazing blog. I've learned so much from it and thank you all for participating. I hope to hear from you soon. cheers, David T ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Find what you need with new enhanced search. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Estimating WVO Volume
It is a tradable commodity primarily used by the rendering and feed industry. The value of this waste is demonstrated by its trading value currently around 16.5 cents per pound ..translating into over $1.20/gallon (granted this is with a certain amount of pre-treatment). The price will probably only go up as the biofuel industry raises demand (which of course will upset feed producers quite a bit), and competes with the rendering industry. Another demonstration of the value are the incidents of grease theft, and subsequent prosecution. So while there may be a fair amount out there, most of it is being traded as we speak. I do not think it will be long before producers (restaurants) begin to realize that this waste stream could become a revenue stream. For many, it already has. I know several nicer restaurants (whose waste oils are fairly clean, due to frequent fryer clean outs) who are getting paid for the oils. Many of these are also in long term contracts. Not that these restaurants could not be persuaded to work with you, if you show them a higher value use, but often the bottom line takes it. Currently there is much of this feedstock available, but be careful not to rely to heavily on its current availability/price when building your business model. Also keep in mind costs of collection with regard to such a distributed supply. Poultry fat, in Georgia, had panned out to be a more cost effective feedstock, due to its qty, and the fact that it is more centralized, and hence the costs of collection (per pound) are much cheaper. Of course, this is a function of the large amount of poultry production in Georgia, and will not apply everywhere. Currently poultry fat in the area seems to trade about 1 or 2 cents per pound below yellow grease... which can certainly add up. This is also a function of scale too, and may not be the case based on scale, and bio-facility as well. The feasibility study I mentioned in another thread shows a pretty nice study of the distribution/availability/and price of various feedstocks in GA. Here again, won't apply in the same way elsewhere, but interesting to show the relationships anyway. Check it out, the feedstock sections are interesting in this regard. http://www.agecon.uga.edu/~caed/biodieselrpt.pdf -Rob At 07:53 PM 1/7/2005, you wrote: Dear Randal, In the U.S.? I've been thinking the same think lately as I survey California cities. Some interesting consistencies. In 1998, the NREL folks put out an interesting study. Here's what they have to say: The amount of yellow grease feedstock collected from restaurants ranged from about: 3 to 21 lbs/yr/person, or about 2,000 to 13,000 pounds/year/restaurant for the metro areas sampled in this study... ...The number of restaurants in most of the 30 metro areas studied is quite consistent, at about 1.4 restaurants per 1,000 people. Cultural and dietary preferences greatly affect the amount of grease used in cooking. The amount of grease discarded from certain fast food restaurants is especially high. Despite significant local variations among neighborhoods' grease outputs, when entire metro areas are considered the quantities of grease are reasonably consistent on a per capita (and a per restaurant) basis. The amount of yellow grease feedstock collected from restaurants ranged from about 3 to 21 pounds/year/person, or about 2,000 to 13,000 pounds/year/restaurant for the metropolitan areas sampled in this study. Many rendering companies refused to provide data, so factored estimates were used in many of the cities. The combined resource of collected grease trap waste and uncollected grease entering sewage treatment plants ranged from about 2 to 27 pounds/year/person, or about 800 to 17,000 pounds/year/restaurant. Thus, a metropolitan area the size of Washington, DC (which includes suburban Maryland and Northern Virginia) generates about 39,000,000 pounds/year of yellow grease feedstock and about 50,000,000 pounds/year of grease trap waste. (WOW THATS A LOT OF BIODIESEL!!!) http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy99osti/26141.pdf#search='study%20of%20waste%20grease%20production%20in%20restaurants' Those NREL people do some good work and glad to pay my taxes to fund these folks. Hope this helps. Phillip Wolfe --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anyone estimat= ed total WVO volume at any scale? In thest1:placeU.S.= , or in a state. Perhaps from the front end taking the am= ount produced, how much for fryers, figure out per capita, then you could e= stimate for your community? I've tried from th= e other end; number of restaurants, typical volume per week, building= up, to an estimate of 50 to 75,000 gallons per year for a town of 40,000.= nbsp; Ideas? _ Msg sent via @bmi.net Mail v4 - http://www.bmi.net ___ Biofuel
Re: [Biofuel] New Car
Over the past 2 years I have seen the quality of this fuel vary greatly. The vehicles that seemed most prone to having issues with the variable fuel quality where the 2004/2005 VWs. In 2004 evidently VW started using a high pressure common-rail direct injection fuel system, which provides a bit more HP, but is much more sensitive to fuel quality issues. This is not to say you should avoid the new VWs...just make sure you have a way of verifying the quality of the biodiesel you will be using in it. IMHO I would look for a 2003 or earlier. This is still going to be a reasonably new car (if low miles) and not require a backyard mechanic. 2003 and earlier are also able to be easily converted to run on SVO/WVO. They are direct injection, but not common rail, and in my experience have proven to be very reliable on both B100 and WVO. Funny thing about the commercially manufactured biodiesel... One of the big arguments against backyard biodiesel (from industry folks) is quality, yet every batch that I have made, and every batch I have seen by a homebrew biodiesel maker has been much better than the fuel I am reselling. Individuals with small scale setups seem to really care, take their time, and craft their fuel...after all..most are using it in their own cars, not selling to the boiler fuel market. Rob At 07:17 PM 12/28/2004, you wrote: Greetings, While I know some of you think that anyone who buys a new car is nuts, some of us just don't have the time to play back yard mechanic. I learned long ago that hiring someone to do the kind of work that needs to be done with an older car means bankruptcy. The old adage of if you want it done right do it yourself is really true of keeping cars running. Building a sustainable farm takes all my time. That said, My Dear Husband would like to know what the opinion of the 2005 Volkswagon Golf TDI is? He is buying me one this Friday and we hope to run biodiesel in it after it is off warranty. Bright Blessings, Kim ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
