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-Caveat Lector- April 1986--question: Where did the money for terrorism come from? What was going on at the time that would have financed these ops? Well, Oliver North and crew were in deep doo-doo in Nicaragua, extorting cash from the Saudis and Iran, while Charlie Wilson was involved in his secret campaigns in the Appropriations Committee in D.C. and at charity balls in Houston to get cash to fund the Muhahideen in Afghanistan. So where did this money for bombing Libya come from? What was Edwin Wilson doing in Houston in 1986? Who was he really working for?If you have a copy of Pete Brewton's book, The Mafia, CIA, etc., go to page 111 or even before for the full run-down. Here he's discussing an attorney who was former chief counsel to the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations--Stephen Cass Weiland, also former aide to du Pont family in-law Senator William Roth. Weiland had left D.C. to work for the firm of Jackson & Walker in Dallas. Brewton discovered Weiland's name in Ollie North's notebooks concerning fund-raising for the Contras. He was involved in some type of covert operations in Belize along with Sergio Brull of Miami and veterans of Bay of Pigs.This is where we pick up:page 111:
On July 29, 1986, North had a meeting with retired Air Force Major General Richard Secord, who was running the contra resupply effort as well as handling arms shipments to Iran. They discussed Ron Martin and Sergio Brull, along with Miami gun dealer David Duncan and the use of an East German ship that Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega was holding.
Bull was also named by Secord in an interview he had with the FBI in July 1986. Secord said Brull was an associate of Jack Terrell, who had been involved in efforts to resupply the Contras [according to Congressional Report on Iran-Contra Affair].
In 1989, Brull was sued by a bank in Haiti for allegedly absconding with the proceeds of a $1.4 million letter of credit that was to buy 5,000 tons of Brazilian sugar for Haiti. The bank couldn't locate Brull to serve him with the lawsuit and alleged that he had fled the country. The bank was able to track the $1.4 million that Brull took to a bank in Madrid, Spain [Case No. 89-21843 filed in the 11th Circuit Court of Dade County, Florida].
Another member of this circle who was in Belize around this time was Carl Jenkins, an old CIA agent whose previous claim to fame was his role as Rafael "Chi Chi" Quintero's case officer during the Bay of Pigs fiasco [citing book by Peter Maas, Manhunt] (Quintero, an infamous CIA operative who worked with Thomas Clines and Edwin Wilson, among others, was brought in by Secord and Clines to help with the Contra resupply effort) [citing J. Kwitny's The Crimes of Patriots]. Jenkins is mentioned in a number of places in North's notebooks, including one memorable list by North that reads "Gene Wheaton, Carl Jenkins, [John] Hull, [Rob] Owen, [Oliver] North." This list was compiled by North on April 18, 1986, apparently during a telephone conversation with Alan Fiers, director of the CIA's Central American Task Force, who would later plead guilty to misleading Congress on the Contra affair.
Almost every time Jenkins appears in North's notebooks, he is in the company of Wheaton, the former Pentagon criminal investigator. Wheaton said Jenkins was using the tiny nation of Belize as a training area for Latin Americans and Laotians to fight in Nicaragua against the Sandanistas.
One of Jenkins's first assignments with the CIA was in the 1954 coup in Guatemala [according to bankruptcy filing of the company]. (This company got most of its financing from Louisiana mobster and savings-and-loan looter Herman K. Beebe, and one of its principals was a close friend of drug dealer and CIA asset Barry Seal...)
On January 11, 1984, the day after North had scheduled a meeting with S. Cass Weiland and Senator Roth regarding Belize, North got another phone call from George Woodworth. He wrote in his notebook that it was about Weiland, who "wants to contact [the next word is illegible] people in Belize camps." The word that is illegible appears to be a four-letter word that begins with "dr" and ends with a "g." However, it doesn't appear to be the word "drug."
About the same time that Jenkins was training anti-Sandinistas in Belize and Corson's future attorney [Weiland] was saying the White House was interested in moving on a project in Belize, a friend of George Bush's, and Ronald Reagan's biggest campaign fundraiser in 1980--i.e., Walter Mischer--was getting involved in small English-speaking Belize. He started out in 1984 in a shrimp business with his close friend, the later Houston developer Kieth Jackson. Then, in the fall of 1985, he and his partners purchased 700,000 acres in the interior northwest corner abutting Guatemala and Mexico....
Among the partners was Coca-Cola Foods, the soft-drink subsidiary in Houston that makes orange juice. This company, headed then by Eugene Amoroso,...The remaining partners were Walter Mischer and Paul Howell, a Houston oilman who had been an admiral in the U.S. Navy and a former director of the Houston branch of the Dallas Federal Reserve Bank. Mischer, who was a member of the board of directors of the Howell Corp., has given several different answers on how he and Howell came to buy the land.... [He] ... said the partners paid their money [at least $5 million] through the Bank of Nova Scotia....
Belize was also a favorite transshipment point for a narcotics trafficking group smuggling cocaine from Colombia to the United States. One of the leaders of this group was Jack DeVoe, a pilot with CIA connections. A money launderer for DeVoe was Lawrence Freeman, a Miami attorney who was an associate of the Late CIA mastermind Paul Helliwell. Freeman was also involved in the $200 million Florida land deal with the du Ponts' St. Joe Paper Co. and Corson...
Corson's ex-father-in-law buys into 700,000 acres in Belize [after the country had long been used for smuggling and marijuana growing]. The vague plans for this land later vanish into smoke. Some say because they were disrupted by the October 1986 downing of Barry Seal's old C-123K on a resupply run to the Contras with Eugene Hasenfus the only survivor.
Now skip to page 201 of the same book:Farhad Azima was born in 1942 in Rezaiyeh, Iran, to a prominent, wealthy, landlord family that had close ties to the ruling Pahlavi family. His father, Yusef, was a lawyer and Iranian Supreme Court justice. In 1959, Azima traveled to the United States to attend school, beginning at a junior colelge in Chanute, Kansas, because it didn't have an English-language proficiency requirement, and eventually graduating from William Jewell College in Liberty, Missouri, in 1968.
After college, Azima became involved in various businesses in Kansas City with family members, including a restaurant, an export-import company, a travel agency and a rug company. Among other ventures, he had been arranging the shipment of live cattle to Iran. He decided to go into the cattle-shipping business for himself and on December 30, 1977, he incorporated Global International Airways, starting with a multi-million-dollar loan from Commercial Credit Corporation and one Boeing 707.
But his business ran into unexpected trouble in 1979 when the Shah was deposed. Shipping cattle to Iran was out, so he took an Iranian banker, Mansour Rasnavad, as his partner and tried to break into the charter business. At its apex in the early 1980s, Global was one of the largest private air carriers in the world, with seventen 707s, two 727s and one 747.
This, like many successes chronicled in this book, was helped along by the U.S. government. One of Global's first big contracts was hauling military equipment to Egypt for the Egyptian American Transport and Services Corporation (EATSCO), as a result of the Camp David Accords between the Carter Administration, Israel and Egypt. Azima told the Kansas City Star that the EATSCO contract accounted for about half of his company's cargo division revenues.
EATSCO, as previously noted in Chapter 11 on Herman K. Beebe's connections to Commercial Helicopters, was the company owned by former CIA officer Thomas Clines and Hussein Salem, an Egyptian. Ex-CIA operative Edwin Wilson put up Clines' half, $500,000, of the initial capital of EATSCO. Former CIA Associate Deputy Director of Operations Theodore Shackley, according to his Iran-Contra testimony, acknowledged that he did "consulting work" for EATSCO and during that time he dealt specifically with Clines and Salem. Shackley, along with Salem's brother, an oil geologist, were also contemplating an oil venture, but according to Shackley, nothing came of it. Azima has said that Salem, a former Egyptian intelligence officer, was his friend.
Salem was also a friend of Edwin Wilson's, but Azima said he didn't know Wilson and had never done business with Wilson. Azima added that Global International Airways was nmot implicated in any of the criminal activities of EATSCO, which was fined $3 million for overbilling the Pentagon $8 million in freight costs. ...
In the first week of July [1986], a Boeing 707 owned by Azima and his wife, Lynda, was used to ship 23 tons of arms to Iran as part of the secret Reagan Administration arms-for-hostages deal. The 707, which had previously been owned by Global, was leased to Race Aviation, owned by Azima's brother, Farzin....
The next reference to Edwin Wilson in Brewton's book is on page 281, where he has been linking Azima's operations in Florida to various deals in Texas. One connection was Marvin Warner, a banker from Alabama engaged in business in Cincinnati, who had given enough money to the Jimmy Carter campaign to win himself a job as Ambassador to Switzerland. He left his banks in charge of Donald E. Beazley, a Miami banker, previously a federal bank examiner. When Warner returned in 1979, Beazley became president of the Nugan Hand Bank in Australia [which has been rumored to have laundered the gold Ferdinand Marcos allowed the CIA to airlift for him out of the Philippines].During his tenure at Nugan Hand, Beazley attempted to acquire a London bank [according to Kwitny], with a partner named"Ricardo Chavez, a Cuban exile and CIA contract agent who was a member of the Edwin Wilson, Ted Shackley and Tom Clines group. In fact, Chavez was an officer in Wilson's Houston-based A.P.I. Distributors....
At the same time, a French-built Combattante-class missile attack craft was destroyed when it approached United States Navy ships protecting the aircraft carriers. The Libyan vessel was hit by two Harpoon missiles launched from an A-7 Corsair aircraft. The most serious loss for the Libyans was one of the eight Sovietsupplied Nanuchka-class missile corvettes in an attack by two A-6s shortly after midnight on March 26. A total of five attacks was carried out on Libyan ships.
Ten days later, on April 5, 1986, a bomb exploded in a discotheque in Berlin frequented by United States service personnel. Of the 200 injured, 63 were American soldiers; one soldier and one civilian were killed.
On the late evening of 15 April and early morning of 16 April 1986, under the code name El Dorado Canyon, the United States launched a series of military air strikes against ground targets inside Libya. The timing of the attack was such that while some of the strike aircraft were still in the air, President Reagan was able to address the US public and much of the world. He emphasized that this action was a matter of US self defense against Libya’s state-sponsored terrorism. In part, he stated, "Self defense is not only our right, it is our duty. It is the purpose behind the mission...a mission fully consistent with Article 51 of the U.N. Charter."
The use of force was specifically prompted by what the President claimed was "irrefutable proof" that Libya had directed the terrorist bombing of a West Berlin discotheque nine days earlier which had killed one American and injured 200 others. The impetus for the President’s decision to authorize the raid was the American intelligence interception of a message from Gadaffi ordering an attack on Americans "to cause maximum and indiscriminate casualties." Another communications source, an intercepted Libyan message outlined the attack being planned in West Berlin.The raid was designed to hit directly at the heart of Gaddafi’s ability to export terrorism with the belief that such a preemptive strike would provide him "incentives and reasons to alter his criminal behavior." The final targets of the raid were selected at the National Security Council level "within the circle of the President’s advisors." Ultimately, five targets were selected:All except one of these targets were chosen because of their direct connection to terrorist activity. The single exception was the Benina military airfield which based Libyan fighter aircraft. This target was hit to preempt Libyan interceptors from taking off and attacking the incoming US bombers. It should also be noted that the French Embassy in Tripoli and several of the neighboring residential buildings also were bombed inadvertently during the raid; they were not targeted.
- the Aziziyah barracks which was described as the command and control headquarters for Libyan terrorism.
- the military facilities at Tripoli’s main airport.
- the Side Bilal base, which administration officials said was used to train terrorists in underwater sabotage.
- the Jamahiriyah military barracks in Benghazi which were described as another terrorist command post, and finally,
- the Benina air base southeast of Benghazi.
----- Original Message -----From: mark urbanSent: Thursday, January 08, 2004 6:32 AMSubject: [cia-drugs] Re: Time, April 27, 1992 -- (Pan Am 103 bombing) (Cover Story)
Victor Ostrovsky, The Other Side of Deception HarperCollinsPublishers
New York 1994.On April 14, 1986, one hundred and sixty American aircraft dropped
over sixty tons of bombs on Libya. The attackers bombed Tripoli
international airport, Bab al Azizia barracks, Sidi Bilal naval base,
the city of Benghazi, and the Benine airfield outside Benghazi. The
strike force consisted of two main bodies, one originating in England
and the other from flattops in the Mediterranean. From England came
twenty-four F-111s from Lakenheath, five EF-111s from Upper Heyford,
and twenty-eight refueling tankers from Mildenhall and Fairford. In
the attack, the air force F-111s and the EF-111s were joined by
eighteen A-6 and A-7 strike and strike support aircraft, six F\A-18
fighters, fourteen EA-6B electronic jammer planes, and other support
platforms. The navy planes were catapulted from the carriers Coral Sea
and America. On the Libyan side, there were approximately forty
civilian casualties, including Qadhafi's adopted daughter. On the
American side, a pilot and his weapons officer were killed when their
F-111 exploded.
Please let us stay on topic and be civil.-Home Page- www.cia-drugs.org
OM
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