Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 05. sep. 2014 04:44, Daniel Frey wrote: It is possible to boot in EFI mode off of a USB, as I used a Mint ISO to boot from in EFI mode. I would presume the USB needs to have the FAT partition that EFI requires. Dan Sounds good. Having /boot on a stick makes it easy to have whatever I might need available when my fancy-schmanzy root-fs fails to show up at boot :-) . Always have a known good kernel and initramfs to fall back on, and tuck away some extra tools on the stick. Put some (statically linked) *parted,lvm,md and formatting binaries on there and you can easily rearrange things before mounting the root fs.
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 7:30 AM, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. -- Joseph While not an SSD user, I too had to set up gentoo from scratch on a laptop recently. I followed the disk partitioning instructions given in the handbook, with the following partitions created: Device BootStart EndBlocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 3 5198+ ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) /dev/sda2 * 314105808+ 83 Linux /dev/sda31581506520 82 Linux swap /dev/sda482 3876 28690200 83 Linux
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
Hi, At Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The 2M partition is the boot partition. But it is much to small, I've been re-sizing it to 1G. That's more than enough for the initrd image, grub and the kernel. By the way, keep in mind that if you plan to use suspend to disk you will need 2x RAM disk space on swap in the worst case. Best regards, -- Christian Kruse http://ck.kennt-wayne.de/ pgpCumREjehHJ.pgp Description: OpenPGP Digital Signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The BIOS boot partition is there to enable a non-EFI system to boot from a GPT partitioned disk, it is not the same as /boot. If you want a separate /boot, it is not a requirement, you need to create is as a separate partition, like this % sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. -- Neil Bothwick */ \* - Tribbles having a swordfight signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thursday, September 04, 2014 09:01:41 AM Christian Kruse wrote: Hi, At Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The 2M partition is the boot partition. But it is much to small, I've been re-sizing it to 1G. That's more than enough for the initrd image, grub and the kernel. By the way, keep in mind that if you plan to use suspend to disk you will need 2x RAM disk space on swap in the worst case. No you don't. I have 16GB RAM in my laptop and my swap partition is 17GB. Just make sure you create a file like: *** $ cat /etc/local.d/suspend_image_size.start #!/bin/sh # echo 0 /sys/power/image_size *** And make this executable. This fixes the problem I had that I couldn't suspend to disk when using more then half the memory. With this, I never have an issue with hibernate. -- Joost
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/14 09:53, Alexander Kapshuk wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 7:30 AM, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. -- Joseph While not an SSD user, I too had to set up gentoo from scratch on a laptop recently. I followed the disk partitioning instructions given in the handbook, with the following partitions created: Device BootStart EndBlocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 3 5198+ ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) /dev/sda2 * 314105808+ 83 Linux /dev/sda31581506520 82 Linux swap /dev/sda482 3876 28690200 83 Linux I think this is an example like in the handbook, the problem is the gpt partition printout will look slightly different, so I got confused at the beginning. What I have noticed is that these example don't show creating partition for home' I think home now is on root partition sda4. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/14 08:25, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The BIOS boot partition is there to enable a non-EFI system to boot from a GPT partitioned disk, it is not the same as /boot. If you want a separate /boot, it is not a requirement, you need to create is as a separate partition, like this % sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:05:28 -0600, Joseph wrote: Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. -- Neil Bothwick I'm as confused as a baby in a topless bar. signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/14 14:29, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:05:28 -0600, Joseph wrote: Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. Thank you for explanation. Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 4 September 2014 15:54:17 CEST, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: On 09/04/14 14:29, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:05:28 -0600, Joseph wrote: Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. Thank you for explanation. Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. The handbook only provides an example which should work. There is no reason to blindly follow it if you have other ideas on how to partition your disks. -- Joost -- Sent from my Android device with K-9 Mail. Please excuse my brevity.
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 9:29 AM, Neil Bothwick n...@digimed.co.uk wrote: My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. There are a few types of boot partitions these days. One is used when booting GPT from legacy BIOS. Grub needs to stick some of its data in a known location and there isn't anyplace to store that with GPT like there is with MBR. So, GRUB makes you have a very small partition (1-2MB I think offhand) to do it. When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. Then, when booting from an MBR disk with a legacy BIOS it isn't uncommon to still have a boot partition big enough for a few kernels/initramfs for a few reasons: 1. If the BIOS is really old it might not be able to address your entire disk, so you need it to be near the start of the disk. 2. Your bootloader might not be able to read your root partition, so you need something it can read so that your kernel/initramfs can do the rest. So, be careful when you read instructions on creating boot partitions and make sure that they're trying to solve the problem that you actually have... -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. If you're using gummiboot, you need to have a large EFI system partition on which to store kernels. But if you're using grub or refind, you only need to have a small FAT partition for efi executables. On my Ubuntu laptop: # du -sh /boot/efi 3.4M /boot/efi
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:54:17 -0600, Joseph wrote: No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. Thank you for explanation. Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. I use btrfs so the question doesn't really apply. But the handbook is only a guide, you are free to use whichever partitioning scheme you prefer. -- Neil Bothwick 667 - The FAX number of the beast signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 04. sep. 2014 16:52, Tom H wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. I'm working on getting a new motherboard, Will I still be able to have my boot filesystem on a flash-stick? Currently I have everything except /boot on LVM on top of Physical Volumes on unpartitioned raid volumes. Having a single drive with an odd size makes swapping drives around when they fail and drop out of the raid a hassle, and I do not want to waste 2G on every drive just to have a 2G boot partition. A flash stick (and another one for backup) is very pleasant to work with. Especially when i bork my initramfs or need to run maintenance without mounting my root filesystem. Will this work on an EFI board ?
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 04/09/2014 22:05, Håkon Alstadheim wrote: On 04. sep. 2014 16:52, Tom H wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. I'm working on getting a new motherboard, Will I still be able to have my boot filesystem on a flash-stick? Currently I have everything except /boot on LVM on top of Physical Volumes on unpartitioned raid volumes. Having a single drive with an odd size makes swapping drives around when they fail and drop out of the raid a hassle, and I do not want to waste 2G on every drive just to have a 2G boot partition. A flash stick (and another one for backup) is very pleasant to work with. Especially when i bork my initramfs or need to run maintenance without mounting my root filesystem. Will this work on an EFI board ? I don't see why it won't work. You only need /boot for two things: - at boot time, the boot loader must be able to see it so it can load the kernel - when you update grub, you will overwrite files to /boot As for as the BIOS/EFI is concerned, a stick is like an hdd - just another drive, nothing special about it. If signing is involved, it's the boot image that gets signed. I say go for it and test it out. What have you go to lose? The thing will either boot off a stick or it won't, this test won't damage anything -- Alan McKinnon alan.mckin...@gmail.com
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/2014 01:05 PM, Håkon Alstadheim wrote: On 04. sep. 2014 16:52, Tom H wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. I'm working on getting a new motherboard, Will I still be able to have my boot filesystem on a flash-stick? Currently I have everything except /boot on LVM on top of Physical Volumes on unpartitioned raid volumes. Having a single drive with an odd size makes swapping drives around when they fail and drop out of the raid a hassle, and I do not want to waste 2G on every drive just to have a 2G boot partition. A flash stick (and another one for backup) is very pleasant to work with. Especially when i bork my initramfs or need to run maintenance without mounting my root filesystem. Will this work on an EFI board ? It should work with no issues. You may want to boot it in EFI mode as some motherboards cripple functionality in 'legacy' mode. I just ran into that with hdmi audio passthrough not working on an Intel NUC I recently set up. It is possible to boot in EFI mode off of a USB, as I used a Mint ISO to boot from in EFI mode. I would presume the USB needs to have the FAT partition that EFI requires. Dan
