Topic: Shaykh Al-Albaani on the recommended fast that coincides with a
saturday
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abdur.raoof.m -- 01-29-2004 @ 6:14 PM
The following has been taken from a tape entitled "humul-ghurabaah"
by Shaykh Naasir-Uddin Al-Albaani Rahimahullah:
"Indeed all praise is due to Allah,we praise him, we seek his aid and his
forgiveness, whom so ever Allah guides non can misguide and whom so ever he
misguides non can guide, I bear witness that non has the right to be
worshipped except Allah the most high and I bear witness that Mohammad is
his slave and messenger, may Allahs peace and prayers be upon him. To
proceed:
With regards to the fast of A'ashuraa, if it coincides with a day on which
fasting is prohibited, whether the day of A'ashuraa falls on a friday, where
there is a prohibition to fast on its own,without fasting a day before or a
day after or whether the day of A'ashuraa coincides with saturday,where the
prohibition on fasting is an absolute prohibition(Mutlaqan),except for what
Allah the Mighty and Majestic has made obligatory.
So what comes to my mind, is the following hadeeth and its explanation. The
hadeeth narrated by Imaam Muslim in his saheeh, from the hadeeth of Abee
Qataadah Al-Ansaaree radiallahu anhu:
"That the Messenger of Allah was asked about the fast of A'ashuraa,so he
said: that is the day that is an expiation for the previous year, so he
was asked about the fast of the day of A'rafah,so he said: that is the day
that is an expiation for the previous year and the following year. So it was
said to him, what do you say about the fast on a monday, so he said: that is
the day that I was born and the day that I was sent by Allah." and in
another wording:"the quraan was revealed upon me on this day."
So this hadeeth brings together and specifies the excellence of fasting on
these three days. What now comes to mind and that which requires attention
and caution is when these days of virtue and excellence coincide with a day
that the wise legislation has prohibited fasting. Where the affair is one of
apparent contradiction, do we submit and fast on these days of virtue or do
we leave them,if the days conflict with a prohibition?
The problem is resolved, with regards to this kind of situation, where the
day of A'ashuraa falls on a saturday. The saturday of which the Messenger of
Allah has said in an authentic hadeeth:
"Do not fast on the day of saturday except that which has been made
obligated upon you,and if one of you does not find except a bark of a tree
then let him chew it." In another wording:"let him swallow it." (1)
The point of evidence being that the Messenger of Allah prohibited fasting
on a saturday-an absolute prohibition- except what is obligated, like the
fast of Ramadaan or for the fulfilment of a vow, if one vowed to fast a
complete month or a week.
As for what is not obligated, like the fast of A'ashuraa or the fast of
A'rafah, where they may coincide with a saturday. Does one fast? No, one
does not fast,as the authentic hadeeth mentions: "except that which is
obligated upon you."
Likewise monday, if it coincides with Eid,like the previous Eid coincided
with a thursday and thursday is also a virtuous day to fast. So if Eid falls
on a monday or a thursday, then do we place the virtue over and above the
prohibition of fasting on a Eid or do we place the prohibition over and
above the virtue?
The problem is resolved by applying a fundamental principle of fiqh,that is:
"If a prohibition is in opposition to an allowance, the prohibition takes
precedence over the allowance." (tuqaddamul-haadir a'lal-mubeeh)
So if the day of A'ashuraa falls on a saturday we do not fast, similarly if
Eid falls on a monday or a thursday,we do not fast, because the excellence
of fasting on these days is in contradiction with a prohibition, so the
prohibition takes precedence and we place it over and above the virtue.
As for what we are asked by many of the people, about the one who fasts the
fast of Dawood-upon him be peace-to fast a day and to miss a day and perhaps
one of the days falls on a saturday, then we say he should not fast; why?
because it is not from the obligated fasts. Likewise,if one was to fast the
fasting of "Beyd" the 13th,14th and 15th of each month and they were to fall
on a saturday, one does not fast. so with this, one takes the principle and
is at ease: "A prohibition takes precedence over a virtuous action
(Al-Fadl)."
So I end this sitting and I say what he, may Allahs peace and prayers be
upon said:
"Whoever leaves a thing for the sake of Allah, Allah will replace it with
what is better than it."(2)
So if a muslim leaves off fasting in obedience to the Messenger of Allah, he
has therefore left it for the sake of Allah and Allah will replace it with
what is better.
So if one who is in opposition to this says; how have you left the fast of
A'ashuraa, which is an expiation for the previous year and the fast of
A'rafah, which is an expiation for two years, based upon a hadeeth that is
"Ghareeb" (strange) and "Shaadh" (contradictory)? We say, the hadeeth is
indeed authentic, whoever makes it weak, does so without knowledge.
This is what I intended to remind you of, Wa subhanakallahuma wa bihamdikah
ashaduan laa ilaahaa ila anta astaghfirukah wa atoobu iliak."
End of the words of Shaykh Naasir.
(1)Refer to saheeh Abi Dawood, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Maajah.
(2)Refer to Kashful-Khafaa of Ajaloonee and Ad-durur Al-Muntathirah
fil-Ahadeeth Al-mushtahirah of As-Sayootee.
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{Invite (mankind, O Muhammad ) to the Way of your Lord (i.e. Islam) with wisdom
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