AM for the bootimage, 16MB physical RAM - it was Kernel
2.4.0 in 2000:-).
Kind regards,
Bernd
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There is NO CLOUD, just other people's computers. - FSFE
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On 15/09/2021 18:20, jim.cro...@gmail.com wrote:
On Tue, Sep 14, 2021 at 10:47 PM Bernd Petrovitsch
wrote:
On 15/09/2021 00:38, jim.cro...@gmail.com wrote:
I will cast and be done with it
Or you use - like everyone else - "%zu" as format
specifier.
Read `man 3 printf
Bernd
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see the problem. Sorry if it is a trivial question
but I can not figure it out on my own.
Shouldn't the memcpy() be a copy_to_user() as object.address is setup by
the user space and thus a user space address?
MfG,
Bernd
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ill be merged
> into the mainline.
The main purpose of the -next tree is to identify (and solve) merge
issues (way) before the merge window so that there is less stress and
chaos in the merge window.
MfG,
Bernd
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reprocessor concatenation bloats the
kernels memory footprint massively.
[...]
> is there a kernel macro version that would allow this "optimization" ?
pr_*() are slow per se so optimizing there (apart from readability and
size od code+data) is wasted time.
MfG,
Bernd
--
Be
ng the wrong issue.)
The error in userspace is usually seen by mere users and not some
admin/root/kernel hacker so it makes no sense to bug them with it -
let alone look into dmesg output and try to learn something from it.
MfG,
Bernd
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ng the wrong issue.)
The error in userspace is usually seen by mere users and not some
admin/root/kernel hacker so it makes no sense to bug them with it -
let alone look into dmesg output and try to learn something from it.
MfG,
Bernd
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o choose the value (the list and short explanation is in `man
errno`) which leads the userspace application and it's user in the best
direction.
And no, you can't invent new values.
MfG,
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch Email : be...@petrovitsch.priv.at
There is NO CLOUD, j
userspace issue (as Vladis already wrote), talk to your
distribution.
And top-posting is evil.
> On Sat, Apr 24, 2021 at 1:51 AM Valdis Klētnieks
> mailto:valdis.kletni...@vt.edu>> wrote:
[...]> This is not a kernel problem.
Seconded.
MfG,
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsc
he kernel if that makes sense ...
MfG,
Bernd
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Hi all!
On 15/10/2020 07:38, Tomek The Messenger wrote:
[...]
> Does anybody know some u-boot mailing list like here for linux, but for
> u-boot. Is someone subscribed maybe somewhere? I have question about what
> might be a potential rootcause of synchronous abort which I get when
> executing
Hi!
On 15.09.20 14:13, Rohit Chourasia wrote:
[...]
> I have just begun studying the linux process scheduling and I find that most
> of the textsbooks are quiet outdated and the latest kernel codes do not match
> the text.
> How should I proceed further ?
Use the source, Luke;-)
MfG,
On 19/08/2020 10:16, Muni Sekhar wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 18, 2020 at 11:45 PM peter enderborg
> wrote:
[...]
>> On the 4.4 kernel you dont have
>>
>> +CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y
>> +CONFIG_INTEL_RDT=y
> Thanks! That is helpful. Yes, I see 4.4 kernel don't have the above
> two config options.
> What analysis
Hi all!
On 03/05/2020 03:55, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
[...]
> I lost about four hours chasing inaccurate messages from Apache. It
Only 4hours? ;-) SCNR ...
> turns out SElinux was denying access, so the EPERM was not really
> accurate. But Apache saw EPERM or EACCESS and logged a message related
>
;-)
MfG,
Bernd
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Hi!
On 20/03/2020 10:24, Fabien R wrote:
[...]
> Being used to cross-compile my kernel on a faster machine, I noticed the
> existence of both directories
> after installing it with update-grub.
> Since 'du' showed that they have the same size, it's a waste of space.
> Is it possible to use only
(possibly with a self-build
malloc/free-equivalent or memory pools), the application
can mmap() it and munmap() it simply when it's done.
You can experiment with setting the process limits via
setrlimit() to smaller or larger values.
MfG,
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch
Hi all!
On 08/01/2020 19:09, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
[...]
> I work with an open source project. We have a VM but it is low-end.
> The machine suffers OOM kills. We don't have access to /etc/fstab.
Apparently you run too many (or too fat) programs;-)
> Everything is an upsell with the VPS
On 28/10/2019 10:43, Irfan Ullah (울라 이르판) wrote:
> Thanks for the help. I have removed the "static" from the hello_init,
> hello_exti but nothing worked. I am not sure, but I think the problem is
> with the make file.
OK, when I add "static" to my driver, it works too. Sry for the confusion.
I
uot;nm" doesn't show it, it's either not there or
"static".
[ for the nm-output see in the OPs mail ]
> Can you please help me: what's the problem/mistake I am doing?
> Thank you very much.
Get rid of the "static" for the hello_init and hello_exit function.
MfG,
On 18/10/2019 18:11, Martin Galvan wrote:
> El vie., 18 oct. 2019 a las 13:05, Bernd Petrovitsch
> () escribió:
>> You actually want speed in the kernel and not necessarily extra effort
>> for "try" and "catch" which is - sooner or later - never really used.
On 18/10/2019 17:43, Martin Galvan wrote:> El jue., 17 oct. 2019 a las 19:13,
Valdis Klētnieks
> () escribió:
>>
>> For starters, the *correct* in-kernel way to deal with this is:
>> if (!ptr) {
>> printk("You blew it!\n");
>> goto you_blew_it;
>> }
d but the usual (while simplest,
most versatile and probably fastest) method used is: open source and
destination files, read from the source, write into the destination
until EOF.
MfG,
Bernd
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(when linking the application).
> 3. Whether to compile and link executable with this library or leave
> unresolved symbols?
You do not call the functions directly (and you cannot as the linker
cannot resolve them anyways as the linker doesn't know the library).
MfG,
Hi all!
On 15/10/18 14:17, Lev Olshvang wrote:
[...]
> I am debugging kernel module and use SystemTap to monitor requested and
> freed memory.
>
> I see that SystemTap statistics shows that kfree() is called 5 times more
> than kalloc.
> It happens not only on my module, it happens on
ullquote deleted - please don't top-post ]
MfG,
Bernd
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pEpkey.asc
Description: application/pgp-keys
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in that direction).
Not everyone everywhere has a (somewhat) recent kernel.
MfG,
Bernd
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Kern
s?
The upstream can't do anything directly if the downstream simply
refuses to update (if there are fixes to real threats) and/or reboot
(if it's the kernel).
MfG,
Bernd
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LUGA : ht
e.g. `indent` and probably all source code
formatters hava that too) so that known/intended violations for good
reason are silenced.
Bernd
[0]: And "checkpatch" is a good tool but it is just a tool and one
needs to see the source to decide if it's better - not the s
actually and if it exists - even more
important - how useful is that?
Kind regards,
Bernd
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Hi!
On Die, 2016-04-05 at 15:29 -0400, Wenda Ni wrote:
[...]
> I come across the following code in a kernel module code. It defines an
> array whose length is variant at runtime, depending on the actual inputs.
> It seems that kernel compiler supports this, which is obvious an error in
> the
On Die, 2016-03-22 at 01:26 -0400, valdis.kletni...@vt.edu wrote:
> On Mon, 21 Mar 2016 16:01:41 +0530, Nitin Varyani said:
>
> > I am running a master user-level process at Computer 1 which sends a
> > process context like code, data, registers, PC, etc as well as *"pid"* to
> > slave processes
On Fre, 2015-08-28 at 15:36 +0800, lx wrote:
[...]
//way 2
/*
char *plaintext = kmalloc(sizeof(char), GFP_KERNEL);
plaintext = c;
I don't think that this line doesn't give any warning ...
Kind regards,
Bernd
--
I dislike type abstraction if it has no real reason. And
Hi all!
On Die, 2015-07-21 at 11:04 +0530, Amit Pandey wrote:
[... crap deleted ...]
Please let me know whether I was clear with the explanation.
It was clear and it is total and absolute crap:
- first, check with the .h (and .c) files in the kernel (and all others
which get it right), that
Hi!
On Fre, 2015-07-17 at 15:55 +0800, Navy wrote:
[...]
Goto is recommend in linux kernel programming, but it is despised in
many other situation. There are four rationable for using goto in
goto is (usually totally) forbidden for beginners/inexperienced
programmers because some of us are
Hi all!
On Don, 2015-05-07 at 17:57 +0700, Mulyadi Santosa wrote:
On Wed, May 6, 2015 at 5:39 PM, Huaicheng Li lhc...@gmail.com wrote:
In my understanding, the head initialised using LIST_HEAD_INIT or defined
by LIST_HEAD corresponds to no *real* data field.
But it *does* have its own
On Mit, 2015-01-07 at 14:40 +0530, Yash Jain wrote:
wait and waitpid would not work because a Process A would wait for process
B(which is a parent of the daemon), process B immediately exits and process
A would be notified.
In my case, I want to query the status of process C(which is child of
On Mon, 2014-09-15 at 10:38 -0400, Nick Krause wrote:
After issues with the community I am wondering how to improve my rep
Since you ignore good advice from *lots of* people and you are incapable
to learn anything: by going somewhere else and not trolling here around.
Bernd
--
I
On Mit, 2014-08-20 at 17:25 -0400, Nick Krause wrote:
On Wed, Aug 20, 2014 at 1:58 PM, Sudip Mukherjee
sudipm.mukher...@gmail.com wrote:
[...]
i asked a few questions . why dont you answer them and show every one that
you can.
I may have deleted your email but , please send me your
On Fre, 2014-08-15 at 13:06 -0400, Nick Krause wrote:
[ completely useless full-quote deleted ]
You are constantly full-quoting emails without any sane reason which
proves that you do not read and do not think about what people write to
you.
As a concrete example: You write mails to this mailing
On Die, 2014-06-03 at 22:15 +0530, me storage wrote:
[...]
My doubt is how to create patch file which contains the modifications only
i.e lines with + only why because for example initially if a file
contains 1000 rows after i changed 2 lines but in the patch file it is
taking entire 1000+2
Hi!
On Die, 2014-05-27 at 10:09 -0300, Lucas Tanure wrote:
Wow, many thanks.
So the read operation should return the total number of bytes, not a
true/false int.
The syscall here (done by `head`) is read() ...
I need to read more about this operations.
.. and the drivers .read function is
the /etc/fstab.
I don't know if you want to do that - /etc/mtab is (historically?) used
to record actually mounted filesystems.
(At least) in the Linux world, there is /proc/mounts where the kernel
tells you exactly that.
Bernd
--
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On Mit, 2014-05-14 at 11:18 -0400, valdis.kletni...@vt.edu wrote:
On Wed, 14 May 2014 16:34:20 +0200, Bernd Petrovitsch said:
sed -i 's#^/opt/new1.*$#d' file_entries.txt
You don't even need the leading 's'. Just /pattern/d is sufficient.
Ooops, yes, thanks. So
sed -i '/\/opt\/new1
' file_entries.txt
should do it
Bernd
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top
posting completely.
[... fullquote deleted ...]
Bernd
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On Mit, 2013-12-04 at 23:21 +0200, Daniel Baluta wrote:
On Tue, Dec 3, 2013 at 4:20 PM, Bernd Petrovitsch
be...@petrovitsch.priv.at wrote:
On Die, 2013-12-03 at 08:38 -0500, valdis.kletni...@vt.edu wrote:
On Tue, 03 Dec 2013 20:35:41 +0800, said:
For debugging purpose, I want something
machine.
You probablhy want to be looking at the kgdb support, that is coded to
work around a lot of the issues and you get full GDB support not just a
getchar() pause.
Or just use printk() to print interesting values in interesting cases.
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch
.
If not, you need to fix the Makefile - you can set the shell to be used
there.
*bash*should support that machanism, I guess. How should I do? Any
suggestion?
And what has that to do with any/the shell?
Kind regards,
Bernd
--
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-context - see
also other mails - you must use the *_irq() variant.
Bernd
--
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it .
Bernd
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mail client?
Find mbox files or whatever your mailclient can import.
Bernd
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(which can be
swapped out and - therefore - shouldn't dereferenced directly) and some
of it is kernel-space memory (which is always in real RAM).
That macro tells static checkers in which of those the pointer points to
so that errors are compile-time visible.
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch
On Fre, 2012-12-21 at 09:11 +0800, horse_rivers wrote:
At 2012-12-20 18:01:40,Bernd Petrovitsch be...@petrovitsch.priv.at wrote:
On Don, 2012-12-20 at 11:11 +0800, horse_rivers wrote:
[]
becasue i want to compile linux 2.6 version kernel ,which require
gcc2.95.3
2.6 as such covers
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play the server role and the other one the client role.
but with sockets, you need netcat or socat(1)
Kind regards,
Bernd
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(when user-space read(2)s it),
you just return 0 (instead of sleeping/blocking the process) if you are
at the end of the output.
Kind regards,
Bernd
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this .
[ Full quote deleted ]
Bernd
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with commercial or non-commercial.
And the opposite of free software is proprietary software.
BTW are they any non-commercial companies?
Bernd
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LUGA : http://www.luga.at
On Mit, 2012-11-07 at 00:09 -0500, devendra.aaru wrote:
On Tue, Nov 6, 2012 at 5:20 PM, Bernd Petrovitsch
be...@petrovitsch.priv.at wrote:
On Die, 2012-11-06 at 16:08 +0200, Victor Buciuc wrote:
On Tue, Nov 6, 2012 at 1:35 PM, devendra.aaru devendra.a...@gmail.com
wrote:
if i do
or
implement a character device directly.
Kind regards,
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. (I
assumed it's UDP we're talking about).
That is actually the only robust way:
1) append the read data to a buffer
2) check if enough is there to handle a packet. If not goto 1)
3) handle the first packet and delete it.
4) goto 2)
Kind regards,
Bernd
--
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this question silly?
That all is actually pure (KR-)C and has nothing to do with the kernel.
static const int value = 123;
[...]
EXPORT_SYMBOL(value);
I wonder if we can modify EXPORT_SYMBOL() so that it compile-time-fails
for static variables.
And if we actually want that.
Bernd
--
Bernd
Hi!
On Fre, 2012-06-08 at 20:51 +0530, siddharth saxena wrote:
[...]
Memcpy is both- a system call as well as a user library function.
Implementation differs
What makes you believe this?
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch Email : be...@petrovitsch.priv.at
.
But it is not trivial in very large projects like the Linux kernel to
keep somewhat logical and clean and circular-free -h files.
And you also do not really want a separate .h file for each struct.
Bernd
--
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(on i386, it is equal
since ages BTW) mainly because it makes absolutely no sense.
d) There is hardware with bit-addressable memory out there. Go read the
manual and the same as c)
I doubt that it is different even for really old machines
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch
On Sun, 2012-02-19 at 20:08 +0800, Tao Jiang wrote:
[...]
Is there some difference of the storge between BE and LE machine inside a
byte?
No. At least TTBOMK there exists no such hardware.
Bernd
--
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Hi!
On Mon, 2012-02-13 at 14:30 +0530, bharat dhaker wrote:
[...]
I want to know the differences between ACLs and SElinux. Does anyone know
which file-systems supports SElinux?
Google knows;-)
Actually you make a small partition for each filesystem and try it out.
Bernd
--
Bernd
() is actually a function to be avoided.
wait(NULL);
You should check the return value here to know why wait() returns.
printf(Wait over\n);
printf(Inside parent a=%d\n, a);
}
return 0;
}
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch
);
is split on 2 lines.
And
if (some_condition)
x = 1;
else {
x = 4711;
y = 45;
}
also hurts my eyes.
Bernd
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On Son, 2012-01-22 at 23:58 +0530, Sukrit Sangwan wrote:
also i want to ask why not use simply 8 instead of sizeof(u8).
Because it is wrong.
Bernd
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there
(e.g. dmalloc) which may have far less impact on the systems
performance.
Depending on the skill, time and desperation level, building an
(somewhat old) gcc with an applied bounds-checking patch may help more
(but you may also run in Heisenberg-problems ).
Bernd
--
Bernd
to fill in
Ooops, forgot that we need the destination address of the received
packet too to construct the answer for it.
Then yes, it seems that you would need the raw packet on the receiving
side too.
[ Full quote deelted ]
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch Email
.
[...]
Will it cause performance problem, compare to SOCK_DGRAM?
IMHO that won't measurably - either user-space constructs the UDP and IP
header or the kernel does. And we talk about a few bytes only.
[ Don't top-post. ]
Bernd
--
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the same process) and there
is AFAIK no way to even detect that - let alone disallow it.
And after a fork(), it's more or less the same (except that the open
file descriptors belong to different processes ).
Generally, I wonder why that is even necessary.
Bernd
--
Bernd Petrovitsch
On Fri, 2011-08-12 at 02:49 +0200, Javier Martinez Canillas wrote:
On Fri, Jul 29, 2011 at 4:22 PM, esmaeil mirzaee
esmaeil.deb...@gmail.com wrote:
On Fri, Jul 29, 2011 at 8:16 AM, Bernd Petrovitsch
be...@petrovitsch.priv.at wrote:
On Fre, 2011-07-29 at 08:01 -0400, esmaeil mirzaee wrote
.//gcc.gnu.org/ or - surpise! - via
Google.
Again I'm so sorry for interrupt.
No, you are not.
Bernd
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, or the devel one...
It is now much simpler - all are stable. Alas, as with all man made
stuff, some are more stable than others.
Bernd
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LUGA : http://www.luga.at
Hi!
On Mon, 2011-04-04 at 06:00 +0530, Chaitannya Mahatme wrote:
On Monday 04 April 2011 01:19 AM, Bernd Petrovitsch wrote:
[...]
On Mon, 2011-04-04 at 00:47 +0530, mohit verma wrote: []
As far as i can decipher , we impose Object oriented paradigm in
kernel space using C
to work on
this tiny problem. :)
What is the semantic of an error?
At least one signal registration fails or all failed or some failed?
And what is the application expected to do if it actually failed (for
whatever reason).
But feel free to implement it and play around!
Bernd
--
Bernd
layer 3) but switch only (on MAC level/OSI
layer 2).
Of course that has other implications and can't be done always ...
Bernd
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