Why vmlinux.bin are changed from raw image to elf for x86 ?

2013-03-02 Thread Jacky
Hi All, Recently, I found that x86 vmlinux.bin are changed from raw image to elf, we can got it from the following objcopy flags: linux-3.7.x/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefileļ¼š OBJCOPYFLAGS_vmlinux.bin := -R .comment -S $(obj)/vmlinux.bin: vmlinux FORCE $(call if_changed,objcopy) we can

wby mapping beyond end by MAPPING_BEYOND_END ?

2013-03-02 Thread Jacky
Hi All, For x86, in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S, for Initializing page tables, why mapping beyond end by MAPPING_BEYOND_END: /* * End condition: we must map up to the end + MAPPING_BEYOND_END. */ movl $pa(_end) + MAPPING_BEYOND_END + PTE_IDENT_ATTR, %ebp cmpl %ebp,%eax

Doubts about vt tty driver

2013-03-02 Thread Chinmay Bapat
Hi I am trying to understand the vt tty driver. I have been trying to read the code and have been referring to Linux Device Drivers book. I have read this http://www.linusakesson.net/programming/ttyto get an idea of what ttys are etc. I have many doubts and would be very greatful if someone could

Re:Why vmlinux.bin are changed from raw image to elf for x86 ?

2013-03-02 Thread Jacky
And I just double check, the transition happened from 2.6.25 to 2.6.26: This is makefile fragment of 2.6.25: linux-2.6.25/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile OBJCOPYFLAGS_vmlinux.bin := -O binary -R .note -R .comment -S $(obj)/vmlinux.bin: vmlinux FORCE $(call if_changed,objcopy) while the

Re: [ARM_LINUX] ioremap() allowing to map system memory...

2013-03-02 Thread Prabhu nath
In principle, ioremap() will return 0x if the physical address passed is of memory. I just want you to double check the address you have passed to ioremap(). In my experiment on x86 Desktop machine with 2GB RAM. I passed a physical address 0x63ACD000. As expected it returned 0x. I

Re: [ARM_LINUX] ioremap() allowing to map system memory...

2013-03-02 Thread sandeep kumar
I passed a physical address 0x63ACD000. As expected it returned 0x. I am running linux version 3.5.1. Mine is ARM, i donno about x86. In my case ioremap is successfule and giving an address in ioremap() range of virtual memory map as in http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/memory.txt.

Re: Why vmlinux.bin are changed from raw image to elf for x86 ?

2013-03-02 Thread Valdis . Kletnieks
On Sat, 02 Mar 2013 16:36:43 +0800, Jacky said: The -O binary is removed. And I don't find any changelog. A quick course on researching kernel development history... Step 1: 'git blame arch/x86/boot/compressed/Maekfile' That gives us the line: 099e1377 (Ian Campbell2008-02-13