Can't understand VM_PFNMAP and VM_MIXEDMAP flag

Hi, I'm confused by VM_PFNMAP and VM_MIXEDMAP flag. Could someone explain what these two flags mean and why we need them? It would be better to give some examples. Thanks! Thanks, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org

What is the difference between make oldconfig and make menuconfig?

old .config file. Does it make decisions for me automatically? Thanks. Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Set Location Counter to a new value in ld linker script

://sourceware.org/binutils/docs-2.30/ld/Location-Counter.html#Location-Counter Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Re: Why are the PAGE_SIZE and the physical page frame size different in x86_64 kernel?

> Each entry in a PMD table covers 2M - and either describes a 2M > hugepage, or is a pointer to a table of PTE entries, each of which describes a > 4K page. Many Thanks! This explanation helps me a lot. I didn't know 4KB and 2MB page frames can exist at the same time:) Regards

Why are the PAGE_SIZE and the physical page frame size different in x86_64 kernel?

size is 2MB. Could someone explain why the PAGE_SIZE is not 2MB in x86_64 kernel? Thanks! Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

A question about function split_mem_range

/init.c#L325 Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Re: GRUB always enters a rescue shell.

-grub/2017-07/msg00017.html Thanks for your help and I hope this will help people who encounter the same error. Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

GRUB always enters a rescue shell.

d someone help me out? Many thanks! Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Can I use the same .config file to compile 32-bit and 64-bit kernel?

I compile a 32-bit kernel which doesn't have any hidden problems? If this way is feasible, I think the only difference between these two kernels is architecture. Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies

[mm subsystem] A question about function page_table_range_init_count()

150, there is a for loop and I don't know what it means, especially Line 144-Line147. Could someone can give me some tips. Thanks a lot! Here is the code: [1] http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c?v=4.9#L125 Hao Lee Thanks

A question about priority search tree in kernel 2.6.24

1), array index_bits_to_maxindex is initialized to 1,3,7,15,31...2^(i+1)-1. I don't know why it is initialized to these numbers and what is the relationship between index_bits_to_maxindex and prio_tree_root->index_bits. Could someone help me? Many Thanks! Reg

Question about object-based reverse mapping

at page->index would be overridden because there are two vma and the variable index would be assigned two times. How the linux kernel prevent it happening. Thanks. Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbi

How to get involved with the latest kernel development?

developers in this list are more experienced than me, so could you give me some advice. Thanks! Regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

When I clone the kernel source, I encounter a fatal error.

? If so, is it possible to limit the memory usage of Git? Thanks! Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Re: How to search topics in The Kernelnewbies Archives?

Hi, In fact, you don't need to download all archives to search information. Instead, you can use google. For example: if you want to search something about mm_struct, you can search mm_struct site:lists.kernelnewbies.org On Wed, Sep 21, 2016 at 2:27 PM, Chi Wang wrote: >

Re: Request Chinese mail list and FrontPage

is not a problem. > Hi, Adam Lee Thanks for your reply. I've searched this email address for details. It seems that the domain linux-kernel.cn has been invalid and I couldn't access www.linux-kernel.cn. Is the mailing list still in use? Thanks, Hao Lee __

Re: Request Chinese mail list and FrontPage

u, were active in this list. But, it's very pity that this domain is invalid now. That's why I request a mail list. Thanks, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Request Chinese mail list and FrontPage

to specify someone to edit our own FrontPage, I can help. My username is HaoLee, thanks a lot. Thanks, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Re: How to compile Linux kernel with -O0 flag

ld options, and all should be fine. We know > they work. Anything else is a total unknown, and not something that > anyone trying to learn about the kernel should be messing with. Thank you!!! I didn't know this before. Thanks for your correction! Thanks, Hao Lee __

Re: How to compile Linux kernel with -O0 flag

v to find out which options are enabled when using -O2. Then you can try -O2 -fno-defer-pop -fno-thread-jumps etc. to disable some options. I once used this approach to debug kernel-2.4 in bochs simulator. Unfortunately, this approach could not counteract the effects of -O2 completely, bu

Re: contribution in kernel community & testing kernel

cently, I find DDD is an awesome debugger, so I highly recommend it. Good Luck. Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Re: Is it possible to turn off the gcc optimization when compiling kernel?

is generally much smaller than the ones reported by > gcc -c -Q -O1 --help=optimizers. > > thx! > hofrat yeah,only several options take effect. Because "-O0" will break the link progress,I just want use "-O1" and some other options to a

Re: Is it possible to turn off the gcc optimization when compiling kernel?

Thanks for your reply! Besides,I also find that use "gcc -c -Q -O1 --help=optimizers" can print the exact set of optimizations. regards, Hao Lee ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies

Is it possible to turn off the gcc optimization when compiling kernel?

Hi, When I am debugging the linux kernel, I find that the execution sequence of some code is very strange. I think I need to turn off gcc optimization by changing "-O2" to "-O0". But I encounter many errors. So, I want to know is it possible to turn off the gcc optimization or how can I compile

'bin/sh: can't access tty' when boot from kernel-4.3.3

have searched some solutions on google, but I can't solve this problem. So, could someone give me some advice or some tips to solve it. Thanks!!! My development environment: CentOS 6.0 with kernel-2.6.32 gcc 4.4.7 binutils 2.20 make 3.81 Regards, Hao Lee

What are the differences between the -next tree and the -mm tree?

Hi, I'm sorry to bother you to ask some questions about -next tree and -mm tree. I have read some documents about kernel trees, but I don't know the difference between the -next tree and -mm tree. In this post: http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/pipermail/kernelnewbies/2013-October/009145.html It