Since I did address database software for public libraries for a couple of
decades Addresses are complicated.
In North American (USA & Canada) there are approximately 80,000
localities, counties, states and federal addressing authorities (mostly
local building and planning
Visit your local post office ask for the postmaster.
They can’t fix it but should have a form to correct the database used by almost
all shippers in the U.S. unfortunately may take 6 months to propagate changes.
Can also call 1-800-275-8777 but usually local postmaster is helpful.
> On May
The FCC's job isn't to solve technical problems.
Instead it is attempting to get CEOs, business managers and venture
capital firms to include these public policy requirements as part of their
business decision making. Impact business budgets and decision making to
fix public problems.
Sigh, industry hasn't solved spoofing and routing insecurity in two
decades. If it was easy, everyone would have fixed it by now.
Industry has been saying 'don't regulate us' for decades.
Should FCC focus on SS7 vulnerabilities or BGP vulnerabilities?
https://www.404media.co/email/79f7367c-bd3c-4bff-ac9f-85c738d08bec/
https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/10427582404839/1
Additional comments from Kevin Briggs: "I have seen what appears to be
reliable information related to
Microsoft is the only mail provider that exhibits this behiavor. And I've
heard the same thing from other people using small domains.
The Microsoft autobot response a few years ago said "the domain didn't
send enough emails." I don't know why I would send more emails to a
provider which
Yep, just had another one. Email to local election office silently
vanishes because it uses Office365 Cloud email.
Needed to use Gmail instead.
On Tue, 12 Mar 2024, John Levine wrote:
It appears that Sean Donelan said:
Microsoft's corporate email systems appear to silently drop email
Microsoft's corporate email systems appear to silently drop email from
small domains (like mine). Yes, I jumped through the public hoops already.
Microsoft may have a great Trust and Safety Team, but their corporate
infrastructure doesn't seem to want to hear from outsiders.
If the
On Sat, 9 Mar 2024, Travis Garrison wrote:
This would be a company that has registered for an office365 account. Office
365 company accounts are registered as companyname [dot] onmicrosoft [dot]
com. You then add domain aliases if you want to use your own preferred
domain name.
Microsoft "Know
The subdomain[dot]onmicrosoftp[dot]com domain seems to be almost 99%
spammers riding on Microsoft's reputation. I've given up on any real
email from those subdomains, and just block it completely.
Reputable companies using Microsoft cloud mail usually have their own
registered domains as
. Contractors need
that.
Global networks rarely have a contact appropriate for provisioning in a
public facing database.
On Mon, Feb 26, 2024 at 14:50 Sean Donelan wrote:
Authentication by letterhead?
Paper LOAs are unauthenticated documents, not worth the paper
Authentication by letterhead?
Paper LOAs are unauthenticated documents, not worth the paper they are
written on. Usually FAXed, which is even less authenticatable (is that a
word?).
Prosecutors are capable of using digital documents. Do it all the time
with echecks, credit cards, ecommerce
While I'm still asking a builder in the USA about pre-wiring new
construction house
The EU has included in-building infrastructure and fiber ready
requirements in its new Gigabit Infrastructure act.
The Affordable Connectivity Program will expire tomorrow unless renewed by
Congress
It won’t have an immediate impact but FCC will stop accepting new applications.
Current applications will continue until existing funds run out.
The Code Making Panels for the NFPA 70 National Electrical Code meet for
the last couple of weeks (Jan 15-26, 2024).
One proposed change for 2026 is "Keeping the NEC Relevant - Is Now the
Time to Modernize?"
350 Cermak Chicago is a "historic" building which means you can't change
the visible outside. Someone had long discussions about the benefits of
outside air economizers, but can't change the windows. Need to hide
HVAC plant (as much as possible).
I would design all colos to look like 375
FCC REAFFIRMS DECISION TO REJECT STARLINK APPLICATION FOR NEARLY $900
MILLION IN SUBSIDIES
Applicant Failed to Meet Burden for Rural Digital Opportunity Fund
The Federal Communications Commission today reaffirmed the Wireline
Bureau’s prior decision to reject the long-form application of
On Thu, 7 Dec 2023, Mike Hammett wrote:
For those of you who list your network (usually wireline, but sometimes
wireless) with third parties, are you supplying just the KMZ or lit
buildings as well? If lit buildings, are you including residential? How are
you defining near-net?
In the ancient
On Wed, 6 Dec 2023, Eric Kuhnke wrote:
I think an important point for pre-wire and residential real estate
developers to consider is also the conflicting needs of keeping things "neat
and tidy" and last mile CPE location vs wifi coverage.
The answer is always 5G - 5G - 5G.
A 5G solution means
You've misunderstood the goal.
The intent is not to protect the fiber, but to make it easier for the
field tech installing new service in a neat way through finished
construction and concealled raceways, without cutting sheetrock or
stapling exposed cabling across walls.
Trying to prevent
I should have known better, network engineers don't work on the physical
infrastructure very much anymore - memories of sitting on concrete floors
crimping cable ends in to many IXPs :-)
If you never seen or installed ENT Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing
Conduit, also known as "smurf tube" --
On 11/28/23 12:43, Owen DeLong wrote:
I’ve never used ENT (never even seen that name, TBH). 1” EMT is readily
available at Home Depot and Lowes out here as well as several reputable supply
houses.
The nice thing about promoting industry standards is clever products to
meet those standards
On Tue, 28 Nov 2023, Stan Barber wrote:
That being said, I would ask if the home is being prewired for alarm
services or not. If so, you could find an avenue to ask about other things.
My sister and her husband just bought a new house outside of Dallas and it
is coming prewired for RG6, wired
My relative is buying a new house is a typical American surbuban tract
housing development. Yep, I'm the extended family I.T. consultant.
The marketing brochure calls it "custom home" but he only gets to talk to
the developer's "design consultants", i.e. sales people. The developer
has a
Thanks Brandon Martin,
I agree 1-inch smurf tube is overkill for FTTH. From my quick research
into all things FTTH, which I didn't know anything a week ago :-) ...
The regulators in other countries still believe they will create
competition. The 25mm/32mm access duct (I'm going to make up a
Sorry long, detailed message.
TL;DR - Use 1-inch trade size smurf tube for new North America FTTH
construction.
North American FTTH may not have standards for the in-building access
conduit between the demarc point, Minimum Point of Entry (MPOE) in the old
terminology, and the dwelling's
For *only* $1,000, the builder is willing to pre-install a smurf tube from
the demarc to the central distribution point. But such a deal for 5G
Since most fiber installs seem to use pre-connectorized cable, without
affecting building structure integrity (i.e. 2-inch is too big
Around here, the local carrier seems to have stopped FTTH deployment.
Instead, the carrier is convincing home builders not to spend money on
demarc pre-wire. Wireless Home 5G service is all customers' need.
Of course, the lack of demarc planning makes things more expensive for
any
Of course, every local carrier will be different, what are the current
preferences for pre-wiring a customer demarc (NID, the box that hangs
on the outside of the house, whatever the service provider calls it now)?
1. Nothing - telco/cable will do whatever the heck they want and wreck
the
On Mon, 23 Oct 2023, James Jun wrote:
"2N" generally means you're connected to completely different UPS
system/complex and corresponding distribution systems for each of your circuit. This is
ideal configuration for most critical loads.
If you are in a single facility, even one with 2N+2
165 Halsey (and most of its tenant) data centers is an older facility.
Data center practices have changed over the decades, and terminlogy wasn't
standardized until recently.
The biggest FUBAR in telco and data centers is the difference between
"redundancy" and "diversity."
Redundant
The Federal Communications Commission’s Public Safety and Homeland
Security Bureau (PSHSB), together with the Cybersecurity and
Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)’s Emergency Communications Division,
will host a public roundtable on the cybersecurity of the nation’s public
alert and
The Disability Advocacy Community has been extensively involved with
CMAS/WEA since President Bush signed the WARN Act, passed by a republican
house and republican senate, in 2006.
The dozens of disability groups helped design the sound and vibration
cadence (which is different than EAS),
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, William Herrin wrote:
On Wed, Oct 4, 2023 at 11:21 AM Sabri Berisha wrote:
Makes me wonder what I have to do to opt out of this. We all remember what
happened in Hawaii.
For the national alert you can't. That's intentional.
Although for some reason my silenced phone
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, Matthew Petach wrote:
Ah, I didn't realize that was locally set on the device--I thought that was
part of the message header in the message being sent out.
Thanks for the clarification. ^_^
Yep. That's why countries with a Prime Minister (or monarch or both) were
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, Matthew Petach wrote:
Well, today's alert still showed up as "Presidential Alert", so I guess the
US hasn't quite finished changing over yet. ^_^;
(Samsung Galaxy phone)
Yeah, Samsung is bad about releasing software updates for its older (a few
months old) products.
Inter-agency bureaucracy.
FEMA is part of Homeland Security. National Weather Service is part of
the Commerce Department. Different departments of the government.
Weather radios will active for a White House issued alert from the
President. NOAA doesn't activate weather radios for FEMA
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, nanog08 wrote:
Move? ... :-)
Off planet?
All countries in the European Union, plus at least 35 other countries
around the world, have or will soon implement their county-specific
version of Emergency Mobile Alerts.
Emergency alerts are built into all android, ios and
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, Ryan A. Krenzischek wrote:
Yes, I already tried rebooting several times. Perhaps a large hammer will fix
it! At least I know I'll be well notified in an emergency.
Everytime you turn off a mobile device, it clears the cache of previous
alerts.
You will receive the
There are dozens of WEA alerts every day, 365x7 days a year. If you leave
a hidden burner phone turned on the other 364 days a year, it will make a
noise from something else. Software mute buttons never mute everything.
Some groups use once a year events to get publicity for their causes
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, Ryan A. Krenzischek wrote:
I've only gotten the alert now ...9 times.
Unless you keep turning your phone off, alerts have a serial number.
Phones check the serial number for recently received alerts.
Or so Android and iOS developers claim. If you are getting duplicate
On Wed, 4 Oct 2023, Sabri Berisha wrote:
Makes me wonder what I have to do to opt out of this. We all remember what
happened in Hawaii.
Do you mean the 98 people (at least) who died due to the Maui Lahaina
wildfires. Seems like the same people who complain about the testing of
public
This year's test of the U.S. national emergency alert includes something
for ISPs and network operators.
The wireless portion of the national test is scheduled 2 minutes (2:18pm
EDT or 1818 UTC) before the main broadcast test at 2:20. Mobile phones
usually receive the alert about a minute
CRTC hires private company to investigate 2022 Rogers outage
Critics say regulator being too secretive about probe, too slow to force
more transparency from big telecoms
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/crtc-rogers-outage-investigation-1.6963052
CBC News has learned Canada's
Only interesting for this list because of NANOG's history with MERIT and
UofM. Long since separated.
https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/29/politics/university-of-michigan-cyber-incident-offline/index.html
The University of Michigan has been without full internet access for two
days after staff
-Original Message-
From: NANOG On Behalf Of Sean Donelan
Sent: Monday, August 21, 2023 3:01 PM
To: nanog@nanog.org
Subject: California hurricane and earthquake telecommunication impacts
WARNING: This message originated outside of Ford Motor Company. Use caution
when opening attachments
For California only (I don't have sources for Hawaii).
no reported loss of life
58,555 telecom subscribers out of service
54,514 power subscribers out of service
85 cell sites out of service (7 damanged, 52 transport, 20 no power)
Less than 1% OOS in declared area
2 PSAPs (911) out of
Copper wire thefts of all kinds appear to be increasing in 2023. Not just
telecommunications copper cables, but also electric and transit cables.
San Joaquin County reported a 139% increase in copper wire thefts over
four months, and one theft in the county left the 911 center unable to
On Fri, 23 Jun 2023, Delong.com wrote:
Northern Virginia has about 275 data centers
There’s probably close to that number in the South Bay Area of California as
well.
California is well-known for its state enviromental laws and zoning, so
some of the issues with the 'wild-west' zoning of
Northern Virginia has about 275 data centers
The noise complaints are about HVAC fan noise (24-hour droning) from
cooling towers or roof top farms of evaporative condensers.
The water complaints are about the one-use water cooling towers
The electric grid complaints are about the demand on
Backlash to data centers prompts political upset in northern Virginia
By MATTHEW BARAKAT
https://apnews.com/article/virginia-election-data-centers-prince-william-229cb44d34ccf4bd1cc4e9f0d0131649
FALLS CHURCH, Va. (AP) — The tech industry’s drive to dot the Virginia
landscape with data centers
While a lot of ISPs gave up on data caps, the language is still lurking in
many Terms Of Service.
https://www.fcc.gov/document/chair-rosenworcel-proposes-investigate-impact-data-caps
proposed Notice of Inquiry to learn more about how broadband providers use
data caps on consumer plans.
Hawaii has been unique since the beginning of EBS.
The State of Hawaii EOC acted as the local Primary Entry Point. All the
other PEP stations on the mainland are commercial broadcast stations,
based on early EBS working agreements between NAB, White House, FCC and
predecessor agencies of
Just published, buried in the after-action report on 2021 Hurricane
Ida
Commodity internet access is now part of life-safety.
National Weather Service
Service Assessment
August-September 2021 Hurricane Ida
April 2023
If both PV battery walls and broadband CPE supported Power-Over-Ethernet as a
backup power source, that would work too. POE supports greater distances
than USB-C.
I'd prefer broadband CPE (UL listed) with a standardized backup power
connector (doesn't exist, but I can dream).
For DIYers,
On Sat, 15 Apr 2023, Joe Greco wrote:
Ubiquiti EdgeRouter PoE 5 can use 48VDC.
If both PV battery walls and broadband CPE supported Power-Over-Ethernet
as a backup power source, that would work too. POE supports greater
distances than USB-C.
Are broadband CPE (ONTs, CMs, NIDs, etc) manufacturers and PV battery
wall engineers working on any standardized CPE backup power connectors?
AC/DC/AC & wall wart DC again is inefficient and reduces runtime.
It would be nice if PV/DC battery wall and broadband CPE had a standard DC
IT professionals are often tasked with planning, provisioning,
implementing, and managing LMR networks with the assumption that all
computer networks are basically the same and have the same general
requirements. However, in some cases this assumption has resulted
in LMR networks being
Verizon network maintenance will impact access to the “National Driver
Register,” a system that motor vehicle offices around the country need to
check before handing out a license.
All 50 states and D.C. participate in the National Driver Register, a
database maintained by the National
https://en.vietnamplus.vn/last-undersea-internet-cable-connecting-vietnam-with-the-world-breaks-down/248731.vnp
Since February 10 when telecommunication firms took technical solutions
and opened up more data flows on land-based cables, the Internet
connections have been improved and 50% of
The FCC is (slowly, slowly) increasing robocall enforcement. It issued a
cease and desist letter, and directed all voice service providers to take
steps to effectively mitigate suspected illegal robocall traffic made by
or on behalf of the following: (1) Urth Access, LLC (Urth Access); (2)
A small plane crashed into high-voltage transmission power lines in
Montgomery County, Maryland; near Washington DC. Most of the data centers
are in Northern Virginia, but some are in Southern Maryland (Wheaton,
Olney, Gaithersburg and as far away as Silver Spring).
The effective date will be determined later, after publication in the
Federal Register and OMB review under PRA.
November 17, 2022—The Federal Communications Commission today
unveiled new rules that will for the first time require broadband
providers to display easy-tounderstand labels to
Caller ID Authentication on Non-IP Networks – The Commission will consider
a Notice of Inquiry launching a broad inquiry on caller ID authentication
technology for non-Internet Protocol networks. (WC Docket No. 17- 97)
'Fines alone aren't enough:' FCC threatens to blacklist voice providers
for flouting robocall rules
https://www.cyberscoop.com/fcc-robocall-fine-database-removal/
[...]
“This is a new era. If a provider doesn’t meet its obligations under the
law, it now faces expulsion from America’s phone
Ian (Florida, September 28, 2022)
102,000 customer power outages in Florida
188 (1.4%) cell sites out of service
worst is MONROE county 12 cell sites (12.1%)
26,716 cable and wireline subscribers out of service
Fiona (Puerto Rico, September 28, 2022)
335,000 customers without power in
Lazaro Guerra, the technical director of the Electric Union of Cuba, the
country’s state power company, said Cuba had "zero electric generation"
after the hurricane caused problems in links in the west, center and east
of the island. Mr. Guerra said crews would be working all night and
September 23, 2022
Hurricane Fiona downgraded to category 3 storm. Headed towards Nova
Scotia Canada.
Approximately, 30,722 (85%) of customers without power after Hurrican
Fiona passes by Bermuda.
IODA shows Internet service in Bermuda about 50%.
https://www.wsj.com/video/series/wsj-explains/how-chinas-military-drills-could-choke-off-taiwans-internet/854E2910-16D3-4265-93B0-19551CB1B3B1
How China’s Military Drills Could Choke Off Taiwan’s Internet
Taiwan has 14 submarine cables that connect the island to the rest of the
world
By Wall
From FCC report for September 20, 2022 (based on data from the prior day).
Average of 30% (766) cell sites out of service. Worst >80% out of service
in CULEBRA and LAS MARIAS.
Cable and wireline companies reported 795,289 subscribers out of service.
From U.S. Dept of Energy report for
Latest FCC report (September 19, 2022 based on previous day reporting).
Overall, 24.3% (617) cell sites out of service. This is relatively good,
because Fiona was only a category 1 hurricane. Less wind, more rain meant
less damage to towers.
However, wireline and cable companies report
Puerto Rico is experiencing an island-wide power blackout (100%).
Today's (based on yesterday's information) FCC Communication Status Report
only reports 6.9% of cell towers out of service. I expect tomorrow's
report (based on today's information) will be worse.
Statement from China Telecom (translation by Google Translate)
"This afternoon, the façade of the Changsha Second Communication Building
caught fire, and the fire was extinguished. In order to prevent danger,
some equipment in the building has been powered off. At present,
fixed-line
The China Telecom office tower fire in Hunan is reportedly out, after
completely burning the entire 200m tower (42-floors).
China Telecom statement:
"By around 4:30 pm today, the fire at our No. 2 Communications Tower in
Changsha has been extinguished. No casualties have yet been
Article by Internet Society's Resident Advisor Jim Cowie.
Rogers Outage: What do we Know After Two Months?
https://pulse.internetsociety.org/blog/rogers-outage-what-do-we-know-after-two-months
September 9, 2022
It’s now been a full two months since Rogers Telecom suffered a nationwide
Are Sprint AS1239 and Cogent AS174 finally going to settle their peering
disputes?
T-Mobile sells legacy Sprint wireline business to Cogent for $1, expects
hefty charge
https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/cogent-communications-acquire-t-mobiles-wireline-business-2022-09-07/
1,400
On Sat, 27 Aug 2022, Michael Thomas wrote:
In some situations where a client machine is connected via some specific
Optical Network Terminals (ONTs), and data is appended after the packet
checksum, the network adapter can drop receive packets when using TCP-IPv6
Checksum Offload for receive
Hopefully, my pain will help someone else.
I've had sporadic Internet slowdowns and stuck networking since IPv6 was
enabled on my FIOS ONT a few months ago.
After too much troubleshooting, I found out some older Intel GbE ethernet
cards have a IPv6 Checksum Offload incompatibility with
it
locally and I'm happy to make it available, just let me know.
On Aug 26, 2022, at 12:07 PM, Sean Donelan wrote:
Having some experience with documents of extreme public interest, and web sites
getting overloaded (Starr Report on President Clinton, 1998)...
its nice to see government web sites still
Having some experience with documents of extreme public interest, and web
sites getting overloaded (Starr Report on President Clinton, 1998)...
its nice to see government web sites still get overloaded several decades
later.
"PACER Service Under Fire After Trump Affidavit Crash Reports"
Canada is part of North America, and may be of interest to NANOG.
Rogers had a nationwide outage on July 8, 2022. The House of Commons
held a hearing today (July 25, 2022) on the outage and invited the Rogers
CEO, other company CEOs, regulators and academics to testify.
Recording of the
On Fri, 22 Jul 2022, Michael Thomas wrote:
Basically the jist that it's fake auto warranty fraud calls. Or is this just
requiring providers to do the forensics whichever way to enforce this?
https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/21/tech/fcc-robocall-crackdown/index.html
As always speak with your
The FCC proposes $4,353,773.87 in total fines against 73 applicants in the
Rural Digital Opportunity Fund Phase I Auction (Auction 904) that
defaulted on their bids for support between July 26, 2021, and March 10,
2022.
[...]
The objective of Auction 904 was to facilitate the provision of
Admitly, my hands-on experience with this type of data is 10-years out of
date. The industry has changed a lot.
Carrier/MVNO data is less relevant now and has more restrictions. Apps,
third-party ad brokers and platforms (Apple, Android) are much more
detailed sources of this data now.
I was wondering when we would see the first stories about data center
and IXP issues in Europe due to the heat wave.
https://www.protocol.com/bulletins/google-oracle-cloud-uk-heat
According to Google Cloud's service health page, one of its London
buildings hosting cloud services for one
FCC has fixed its website document management system, and has all the
letters of inquiry posted.
In the letters of inquiry, Chairwoman Rosenworcel asks about their
policies around geolocation data, such as how long geolocation data is
retained and why and what the current safeguards are to
FCC Chairwoman Roseworcel Probes Top Mobile Carriers On Data Privacy
Practices
The FCC website content management system is messed up this evening, but
as far as I can tell
AT
Best Buy
Charter
Comcast
Consumer Cellular
C-Spire
Google Fi
I assume the rest of the alphabet will show up
Verizon FIOS has been rolling out IPv6 across Northern Virginia. Hurrah!
Stuff with ads (which is almost everything on the modern Internet) now
load much more slowly or timeout.
Changed IPv4/IPv6 connection preferences to use IPv4 first. Much improved
user experience.
Status Update: Mapping Where Broadband Is—and Is Not—Available in the U.S.
June 30, 2022
https://www.fcc.gov/news-events/notes/2022/06/30/status-update-mapping-where-broadband-and-not-available-us
Inaugural Filing Window for Broadband Data Collection Has Opened
As always, complicated things are complicated. After Crimea was annexed
by Russia, they learned the importance of controlling the
telecommunications infrastructure. No, Russia did not cut a submarine
cable, because there was no submarine cable connecting Crimea.
In the old days,
The Wireline Competition Bureau reminds non-facilities-based small voice
service providers that they must implement the STIR/SHAKEN caller ID
authentication framework in their Internet Protocol networks no later than
June 30, 2022.
June 7, 2022 is the 10th anniversary of Wireless Emergency Alerts in the
United States.
About 30 countries now use the mobile alert protocol (with country
specific names). WEA is that thing which makes your phone buzz loudly
and vibrate when there is an emergency message in your area.
On Mon, 6 Jun 2022, Kord Martin wrote:
After years and years of being told why it's not feasible to build out
infrastructure upgrades to provide internet service, once I started to work
in the industry it was pretty shocking to see how customers are actually
treated. It's tough to gather
On Mon, 6 Jun 2022, Casey Russell via NANOG wrote:
To be honest, I don't know, I'm not a money person, I just turn knobs. But
apparently it costs more than $130 billion dollars. In the US alone.
If I had a magic wand, I would have a separate cap on each USF program
including the High
USF money is about the bottom 1% not the top 1%.
I wouldn't be surprised if every Zuckerberg mansion worldwide has a
multi-gig connection to support his Metaverse.
The top 50% will continue to drive innovation (and bandwidth demand).
Broadband service providers claim no ROI to build-out
U.S. Government Accountability Office
Broadband:
National Strategy Needed to Guide Federal Efforts to Reduce Digital Divide
GAO-22-104611
Published: May 31, 2022. Publicly Released: May 31, 2022.
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-104611
In its efforts to expand broadband access, the federal
https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-launches-tutorials-help-center-broadband-data-collection
In preparation for the inaugural Broadband Data Collection (BDC) filing
window opening on June 30, 2022, the FCC today announced the launch of an
online help center and other new resources to assist
I wish (...) that public right of way agreements included a requirement
that service providers must publish accurate service area maps, and must
provide service (or pay a substantial penalty for each inaccurate service
claim).
In the old days (...) the "certificate of publice convenience and
I would say, if you’re looking to build or expand your networks, focus
on how you can get the fiber out there, there’s a lot of money available
if you’re willing to take it. It might mean taking the USF money and
the obligations that go with that in reporting, compliance, etc.. but
those
On Fri, 27 May 2022, Owen DeLong via NANOG wrote:
USF is great for rural, but it has turned medium density and suburban
areas into connectivity wastelands.
Carrier & cable lobbying organizations say that free market competition by
multiple providers provide adequate service in those areas.
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