[R] correlation between two 2D point patterns?

2009-08-30 Thread William Simpson
Suppose I have two sets of (x,y) points like this: x1-runif(n=10) y1-runif(n=10) A-cbind(x1,y1) x2-runif(n=10) y2-runif(n=10) B-cbind(x2,y2) I would like to measure how similar the two sets of points are. Something like a correlation coefficient, where 0 means the two patterns are unrelated,

[R] Stochastic (transition) matrices: how to determine distributions and variance?

2009-08-30 Thread Jonathan Greenberg
(apologies for the cross-posting, and for this being a more general stats question rather than a specific-to-R one. I assure you I will be doing the actual analysis in R :) I am trying to determine the distribution and variance for a classic stochastic (transition) matrix problem such that:

[R] Please help regarding NaN in sets package

2009-08-30 Thread MSP Stat
Hi List! I had enquired about the above few days back and did not get an answer. So I am asking again. Thanks. I have built a program for fuzzy inference using the sets package. Though there are no errors after defuzzifying using gset_defuzzify() command, the output after using the centroid

Re: [R] Please help regarding NaN in sets package

2009-08-30 Thread Uwe Ligges
MSP Stat wrote: Hi List! I had enquired about the above few days back and did not get an answer. So I am asking again. Thanks. Perhaps you should read the posting guide at first (and each R-help message contains the footer): PLEASE do read the posting guide

Re: [R] POSIX time conversion doesn't display digit

2009-08-30 Thread Uwe Ligges
R_help Help wrote: Hi, I have the following string that I converted to a POSIXct: a - 2009-08-24 10:00:00.213 a.p - strptime(a,%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%OS) as.double(as.POSIXct(a.p)) [1] 1251122400 I can't seem to get the decimal fraction of .213 out by casting to double or numeric. Is there

Re: [R] correlation between two 2D point patterns?

2009-08-30 Thread Bernardo Rangel Tura
On Sun, 2009-08-30 at 07:51 +0100, William Simpson wrote: Suppose I have two sets of (x,y) points like this: x1-runif(n=10) y1-runif(n=10) A-cbind(x1,y1) x2-runif(n=10) y2-runif(n=10) B-cbind(x2,y2) I would like to measure how similar the two sets of points are. Something like a

Re: [R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Uli Kleinwechter
Hi Jonathan, contributing to your poll: Also Emacs+ESS on Linux. Uli __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented,

Re: [R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Liviu Andronic
Hello, On 8/30/09, Uli Kleinwechter ulikleinwech...@yahoo.com.mx wrote: contributing to your poll: Also Emacs+ESS on Linux. Could someone give a brief and subjective overview of ESS. I notice that many people use it, and many describe it as the tool for the power user. As far as I'm concerned,

Re: [R] need technique for speeding up R dataframe individual element insertion (no deletion though)

2009-08-30 Thread Ishwor
Bill, Jim One word. Thanks tons! :-) 2009/8/13 bill.venab...@csiro.au: Why do you need an explicit loop at all? (Also, your loop goes over i in 1:length(cam$end_date) but your code refers to cam$end_date[i+1] --||--!!) Here is a suggestion.  You want to identify places where the date

Re: [R] POSIX time conversion doesn't display digit

2009-08-30 Thread Gabor Grothendieck
Try this: options(digits = 20) as.double(as.POSIXct(a.p)) [1] 1251122400.213 On Sat, Aug 29, 2009 at 11:37 PM, R_help Helprhelp...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, I have the following string that I converted to a POSIXct: a - 2009-08-24 10:00:00.213 a.p - strptime(a,%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%OS)

Re: [R] Google's R Style Guide

2009-08-30 Thread Esmail
hadley wickham wrote: Perhaps most of you have already seen this? http://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/google-r-style.html Comments/Critiques? I made my own version that reflects my personal biases: http://had.co.nz/stat405/resources/r-style-guide.html thanks for sharing,

Re: [R] correlation between two 2D point patterns?

2009-08-30 Thread Barry Rowlingson
On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 10:46 AM, Bernardo Rangel Turat...@centroin.com.br wrote: On Sun, 2009-08-30 at 07:51 +0100, William Simpson wrote: Suppose I have two sets of (x,y) points like this: x1-runif(n=10) y1-runif(n=10) A-cbind(x1,y1) x2-runif(n=10) y2-runif(n=10) B-cbind(x2,y2) I

[R] Meaning of data set variables

2009-08-30 Thread Caio Azevedo
Hi all, Does anybody know the meaning of the values 0 - 1, for each variable from data sex2 avaible from the package logistf? Thanks in advance. Best, Caio [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list

Re: [R] Meaning of data set variables

2009-08-30 Thread Uwe Ligges
No need to repost the question. We read it. Have you looked at ?sex2 ? If that is not sufficient, have you looked into the cited reference? If that is also not sufficient, please ask the package maintainer. Uwe Ligges Caio Azevedo wrote: Hi all, Does anybody know the meaning of the values 0

[R] Bootstrap inference for the sample median?

2009-08-30 Thread Ajay Shah
Folks, I have this code fragment: set.seed(1001) x - c(0.79211363702017, 0.940536712079832, 0.859757602692931, 0.82529998629531, 0.973451006822, 0.92378802164835, 0.996679563355802, 0.943347739494445, 0.992873542980045, 0.870624707845108, 0.935917364493788) range(x)

Re: [R] lrm in Design

2009-08-30 Thread loch1
Thank you for your reply, it helped. That thread is about glm, I take it that lrm behaves in the same way?!? See: https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-help/2009-July/204192.html and also other posts in that thread. -- View this message in context:

Re: [R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Grzes
Hello, I'm using PLD Linux and in my opinion, if you looking for very easy editor - Geany!!! It'll be fantastic ;) -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/Best-R-text-editors--tp25178744p25210782.html Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

[R] about isoMDS method

2009-08-30 Thread Grzes
Hi, For example: I built a half matrix w using a daisy(x, metric = c(euclidean)) http://www.nabble.com/file/p25211016/1.jpg And next I transformed this matrix w using isoMDS function, for example isoMDS(w, k=2) and as result I got: http://www.nabble.com/file/p25211016/2.jpg And now I have a

Re: [R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread jaropis
Uli Kleinwechter wrote: Hi Jonathan, contributing to your poll: Also Emacs+ESS on Linux. same here J __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide

[R] version 1.5-1 of Rcmdr package released

2009-08-30 Thread John Fox
Dear R users, There is a new version (1.5-1) of the Rcmdr package. Here, from the CHANGES files, are changes since the last minor version (1.4-0) was released a year ago: --- Version 1.4-1 o The following updated translations have been

Re: [R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Liviu Andronic
On 8/30/09, Grzes gregori...@gmail.com wrote: I'm using PLD Linux and in my opinion, if you looking for very easy editor - Geany!!! It'll be fantastic ;) Yeah, Geany is very simple and comfortable. But there is no direct link to R, and not being able to evaluate code on the fly is a

[R] Change the Order of a Cluster Topology

2009-08-30 Thread Rodrigo Aluizio
Hi list, recently, for didactic reasons, I had the need to change a cluster topology (just the order of my groups, defined in an height of choice), not the results, obviously. Well I’m looking at hclust or agnes (cluster package) objects for something that defines the line breakings of the

[R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Rodrigo Aluizio
Well, on Linux = Emacs+ Ess On Windows = Tinn-R - MSc. Rodrigo Aluizio Centro de Estudos do Mar/UFPR Laboratório de Micropaleontologia __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list

[R] RConsole processing crashes Rgui.exe

2009-08-30 Thread Jack Tanner
Using R 2.9.2 on Windows XP SP3. 1. Edit ~/Rconsole, and set font = TT Bitstream Vera Sans Mono 2. Start Rgui.exe 3. Go to Edit, GUI Preferfences 4. Rgui.exe crashes Rgui.exe does not crash if I do not access GUI Preferences (i.e., if I just use R), and it does correctly use Bitstream Vera

Re: [R] correlation between two 2D point patterns?

2009-08-30 Thread Charles C. Berry
Bill, prod( cancor( A,B )$cor ) perhaps? Note that this accounts for linear transformations. HTH, Chuck On Sun, 30 Aug 2009, William Simpson wrote: Suppose I have two sets of (x,y) points like this: x1-runif(n=10) y1-runif(n=10) A-cbind(x1,y1) x2-runif(n=10) y2-runif(n=10)

Re: [R] RFE: vectorize URLdecode

2009-08-30 Thread Jack Tanner
Gabor Grothendieck ggrothendieck at gmail.com writes: URLdecode.vec - Vectorize(URLdecode) On Sat, Aug 29, 2009 at 10:31 AM, Jack Tannerihok at hotmail.com wrote: Could URLdecode be modified to actually process all elements of the vector, not just the first? Sure, that's a fine

Re: [R] about isoMDS method

2009-08-30 Thread stephen sefick
Are you using euclidean distances? On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 7:33 AM, Grzesgregori...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, For example: I built a half matrix w using a daisy(x, metric = c(euclidean)) http://www.nabble.com/file/p25211016/1.jpg And next I transformed this matrix w using isoMDS function, for

[R] abline does not show on plot if slope differs from 0

2009-08-30 Thread Gábor Pozsgai
Hi, Does anybody have a hint why this does not work? plot(c(1991,2000), c(-1,10))abline(a=6, b=-1, col=dark grey, lty=dashed) It does not generate an error message, but the line does not turn up. If b=0 it works fine. If I change the axes of the plot to plot(c(1,10), c(-1,10)) it does work

Re: [R] lrm in Design

2009-08-30 Thread Gabor Grothendieck
Presumably the same idea would apply to lrm if appropriately adapted. On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 5:19 AM, loch1l...@gmx.li wrote: Thank you for your reply, it helped. That thread is about glm, I take it that lrm behaves in the same way?!? See:

Re: [R] abline does not show on plot if slope differs from 0

2009-08-30 Thread jim holtman
Very simple, look at the x-axis you are plotting with. If you want the line, then use: abline(a=1996, b=-1, col=dark grey, lty=dashed) On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 12:25 PM, Gábor Pozsgaipozsg...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, Does anybody have a hint why this does not work? plot(c(1991,2000),

Re: [R] abline does not show on plot if slope differs from 0

2009-08-30 Thread Gabor Grothendieck
The intercept, a, is the value when x = 0. Thus if you want y = 6 when x = 1991 then the line is y = 6 - (x-1991) = 1997 - x so a = 1997: abline(a=1997, b=-1, col=dark grey, lty=dashed) On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 12:25 PM, Gábor Pozsgaipozsg...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, Does anybody have a hint

Re: [R] RConsole processing crashes Rgui.exe

2009-08-30 Thread Duncan Murdoch
On 30/08/2009 11:40 AM, Jack Tanner wrote: Using R 2.9.2 on Windows XP SP3. 1. Edit ~/Rconsole, and set font = TT Bitstream Vera Sans Mono 2. Start Rgui.exe 3. Go to Edit, GUI Preferfences 4. Rgui.exe crashes Rgui.exe does not crash if I do not access GUI Preferences (i.e., if I just use R),

Re: [R] standard error associated with correlation coefficient

2009-08-30 Thread Sunil Suchindran
Here are some options for confidence intervals. #by hand sample_r - .5 n_sample - 100 df - n_sample-1 fisher_z - 0.5*(log(1+sample_r)-log(1-sample_r)) se_z - 1/sqrt(n_sample-3) t_crit - qt(.975,df ,lower.tail=TRUE) z_lci - fisher_z - (t_crit * se_z) z_uci - fisher_z + (t_crit * se_z) (r_lci -

Re: [R] Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Wensui Liu
emacs + ess in windows is just as powerful as in linux. emacs is the only programming editor i would ever need. On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 11:37 AM, Rodrigo Aluizio r.alui...@gmail.comwrote: Well, on Linux = Emacs+ Ess On Windows = Tinn-R

[R] Re moving the numbers of the X/Y axis

2009-08-30 Thread njhuang86
Hi all, Suppose I have some data that I plot using the histogram command - ie. hist(x) Is there an option that will allow me to remove the numbers that appear along the X and Y axis as I'm just interested in the overall distribution of the data and not the actual values? Anyways, any help is

Re: [R] Re moving the numbers of the X/Y axis

2009-08-30 Thread Jorge Ivan Velez
Hi njhuang86, Something like this? x - rnorm(100) hist(x, axes = FALSE) HTH, Jorge On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 2:30 PM, njhuang86 njhuan...@yahoo.com wrote: Hi all, Suppose I have some data that I plot using the histogram command - ie. hist(x) Is there an option that will allow me to remove

[R] Complexity parameter in rpart

2009-08-30 Thread Andrew Aldersley
Hi all, I'm currently using the 'rpart' function to run some regression analysis and I am at the point where I wish to prune my overfitted trees. Having read the documentation I understand that to do this requires the use of the complexity parameter. My question is how to go about choosing

Re: [R] about isoMDS method

2009-08-30 Thread Grzes
Yes, I'm using euclidean distances -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/about-isoMDS-method-tp25211016p25213217.html Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list

Re: [R] Bootstrap inference for the sample median?

2009-08-30 Thread Emmanuel Charpentier
Le dimanche 30 août 2009 à 18:43 +0530, Ajay Shah a écrit : Folks, I have this code fragment: set.seed(1001) x - c(0.79211363702017, 0.940536712079832, 0.859757602692931, 0.82529998629531, 0.973451006822, 0.92378802164835, 0.996679563355802, 0.943347739494445,

[R] Computer Modern Fonts in R graphic

2009-08-30 Thread Friedericksen Hope
Hello all, I am trying to use computer modern fonts in my r grahics. I tried to do, as described here: http://www.stat.auckland.ac.nz/~paul/R/CM/CMR.html but unfortunately, it does not work. First of all I downloaded the cm-lgc package and the AFM and PFB-files from the page and put them in

Re: [R] Computer Modern Fonts in R graphic

2009-08-30 Thread Paul Murrell
Hi Friedericksen Hope wrote: Hello all, I am trying to use computer modern fonts in my r grahics. I tried to do, as described here: http://www.stat.auckland.ac.nz/~paul/R/CM/CMR.html but unfortunately, it does not work. First of all I downloaded the cm-lgc package and the AFM and

[R] error with summary(vector)??

2009-08-30 Thread Oliver Kullmann
Hello, I get summary(E) level nodesave_nodestime Min. : 1 Min. :1.00 Min. : 10.71 Min. : 0. 1st Qu.: 237414 1st Qu.:2.00 1st Qu.: 19.70 1st Qu.: 0.0100 Median : 749229 Median :3.00 Median : 27.01

[R] test for bimodalityIn-Reply-To=

2009-08-30 Thread John Sansom
Has a test for bimodality been implemented in R? Thanks, John NIWA is the trading name of the National Institute of Water Atmospheric Research Ltd. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the

Re: [R] error with summary(vector)??

2009-08-30 Thread Duncan Murdoch
On 30/08/2009 5:39 PM, Oliver Kullmann wrote: Hello, I get summary(E) level nodesave_nodestime Min. : 1 Min. :1.00 Min. : 10.71 Min. : 0. 1st Qu.: 237414 1st Qu.:2.00 1st Qu.: 19.70 1st Qu.: 0.0100 Median :

Re: [R] RConsole processing crashes Rgui.exe

2009-08-30 Thread Duncan Murdoch
On 30/08/2009 11:40 AM, Jack Tanner wrote: Using R 2.9.2 on Windows XP SP3. 1. Edit ~/Rconsole, and set font = TT Bitstream Vera Sans Mono 2. Start Rgui.exe 3. Go to Edit, GUI Preferfences 4. Rgui.exe crashes Rgui.exe does not crash if I do not access GUI Preferences (i.e., if I just use R),

[R] Sapply

2009-08-30 Thread Noah Silverman
Hi, I need a bit of guidance with the sapply function. I've read the help page, but am still a bit unsure how to use it. I have a large data frame with about 100 columns and 30,000 rows. One of the columns is group of which there are about 2,000 distinct groups. I want to normalize (sum

[R] SVM coefficients

2009-08-30 Thread Noah Silverman
Hello, I'm using the svm function from the e1071 package. It works well and gives me nice results. I'm very curious to see the actual coefficients calculated for each input variable. (Other packages, like RapidMiner, show you this automatically.) I've tried looking at attributes for the

Re: [R] test for bimodality

2009-08-30 Thread Rolf Turner
On 31/08/2009, at 9:40 AM, John Sansom wrote: Has a test for bimodality been implemented in R? Doing RSiteSearch(test for bimodality) yields one hit, which points to http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/Rhelp08/2008-September/173308.html It looks like it might be *some* help to you.

Re: [R] about isoMDS method

2009-08-30 Thread Gavin Simpson
On Sun, 2009-08-30 at 09:40 -0700, Grzes wrote: Yes, I'm using euclidean distances Sorry I deleted the original. Here a some responses; First, to be concrete, here is a reproducible example... set.seed(123) D - data.frame(matrix(rnorm(100), ncol = 10)) Dij - dist(D) require(MASS) Dnmds -

[R] Combining: R + Condor in 2009 ? (+foreach maybe?)

2009-08-30 Thread Tal Galili
Hello dear R-help group (and David Smith from REvolution), I would like to perform parallel computing using R with Condor (hopefully using foreach or other recommended solutions, if available) for some Embarrassingly parallel problem. I will start by listing what I found so far, and then go on

Re: [R] Sapply

2009-08-30 Thread Gabor Grothendieck
Try this: data$score - ave(data$score, data$group, FUN = prop.table) On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 6:08 PM, Noah Silvermann...@smartmediacorp.com wrote: Hi, I need a bit of guidance with the sapply function.  I've read the help page, but am still a bit unsure how to use it. I have a large data

Re: [R] Sapply

2009-08-30 Thread Duncan Murdoch
On 30/08/2009 6:08 PM, Noah Silverman wrote: Hi, I need a bit of guidance with the sapply function. I've read the help page, but am still a bit unsure how to use it. I have a large data frame with about 100 columns and 30,000 rows. One of the columns is group of which there are about

[R] Trying to rename spatial pts data frame slot that isn't a slot()

2009-08-30 Thread Tim Clark
Dear List, I am analyzing the home range area of fish and seem to have lost the individuals ID names during my manipulations, and can't find out how to rename them. I calculated the MCP of the fish using mcp() in Adehabitat. MCP's were converted to spatial points data frame and exported to

Re: [R] test for bimodality

2009-08-30 Thread Christian Hennig
Dear John, you may check dip in package diptest, which tests unimodality vs. multimuodality (you'll need qDiptab for that, too). Apologies if this misses the point; I only saw the last responses but not the original question so this may not be what you are after, or already mentioned, but I

[R] CRAN (and crantastic) updates this week

2009-08-30 Thread Crantastic
CRAN (and crantastic) updates this week New packages Updated packages New reviews --- This email provided as a service for the R community by http://crantastic.org. Like it? Hate it? Please let us know: crana...@gmail.com.

Re: [R] Sapply

2009-08-30 Thread hadley wickham
On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 5:08 PM, Noah Silvermann...@smartmediacorp.com wrote: Hi, I need a bit of guidance with the sapply function.  I've read the help page, but am still a bit unsure how to use it. I have a large data frame with about 100 columns and 30,000 rows.  One of the columns is

[R] Aggregating irregular time series

2009-08-30 Thread R_help Help
Hi, I have a couple of aggregation operations that I don't know how to accomplish. Let me give an example. I have the following irregular time series time                              x 10:00:00.021                20 10:00:00.224                20 10:00:01.002                19 10:00:02:948      

Re: [R] SVM coefficients

2009-08-30 Thread Steve Lianoglou
Hi, On Sun, Aug 30, 2009 at 6:10 PM, Noah Silvermann...@smartmediacorp.com wrote: Hello, I'm using the svm function from the e1071 package. It works well and gives me nice results. I'm very curious to see the actual coefficients calculated for each input variable. (Other packages, like

Re: [R] [R-SIG-Finance] Aggregating irregular time series

2009-08-30 Thread Gabor Grothendieck
Try this for the first question: neighborapply - function(z, width, FUN) { out - z ix - seq_along(z) jx - findInterval(time(z) + width, time(z)) out[] - mapply(function(i, j) FUN(c(0, z[seq(i+1, length = j-i)])), ix, jx) out } # test - corrected :948 in

[R] RE xcel - two problems - Running RExcel Working Directory error

2009-08-30 Thread Raoul
Hi, I am using RExcel both at work and at home and am facing a couple of challenges. The one at home is that when using RExcel and trying to run any code that involves changing the working directory, I get the following error. Error in command: setwd(C:\\Raoul\\R\\R Maps_UK

[R] Quadratcount image plot colors

2009-08-30 Thread phil smart
Hi, I have two quadratcounts of two different sets of spatial locations in the UK. I then take the difference of these to produce a final quadratcount. In this final quadratcount some values can be negative (if there where more in the first count) or positive (if there where more in the second).

[R] Re : Re: Best R text editors?

2009-08-30 Thread Wolfgang RAFFELSBERGER
There's also a page on the R-Wiki devoted to the colection of editors :You'll find it in the section Windows GUI + other editorshttp://wiki.r-project.org/rwiki/doku.php?id=getting-started:system-setup:system-setups=editorWolfgang- Message d'origine -De: Liviu Andronic

[R] clarificatin on validate.ols method='cross'

2009-08-30 Thread Dylan Beaudette
Hi, I was hoping to clarify the exact behavior associated with this incantation: validate(fit.ols, method='cross', B=50) Output: index.orig trainingtest optimism index.corrected n R-square 0.5612 0.5613 0.5171 0.0442 0.5170 50 MSE 1.3090 1.3086

Re: [R] RE xcel - two problems - Running RExcel Working Directory error

2009-08-30 Thread Richard M. Heiberger
1. The embedded blanks often cause problems. Try the 8.3 version of the filepath. To find the 8.3 name, open an MSDOS cmd window and enter dir /x 'C:\\Raoul\\R There will be a line something like RMAPS_~1 R Maps_UK Maps_Test Use the value that appears in the RMAPS_~1 position. 2. try

Re: [R] Computer Modern Fonts in R graphic

2009-08-30 Thread Charlie Sharpsteen
If you are trying to use Computer Modern fonts because the R graphics will be included in a LaTeX report, you could try the TikZ Device Cameron Bracken and I wrote: http://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/tikzdevice The tikzDevice translates R graphics instructions into a LaTeX-friendly format that

Re: [R] error with summary(vector)??

2009-08-30 Thread Oliver Kullmann
Ah, thank you! (A bit strange.) Now looking more closer to it, I wonder whether I could achieve the following output formatting: fivenum(E$nodes,1) [1] 1 2 3 7 70632 round(mean(E$nodes),2) [1] 49.85 That's a reasonable way of showing the numbers involved, since E$nodes is

[R] online classes or online eduction in statistics? esp. time series analysis and cointegration?

2009-08-30 Thread Luna Laurent
Hi all, I am looking for low cost online education in statistics. I am thinking of taking online classes on time series analysis and cointegration, etc. Of course, if there are free video lectures, that would be great. However I couldn't find any free video lectures at upper-undergraduate and

[R] How to extract the theta values from coxph frailty models

2009-08-30 Thread shankar
Hello, I am working on the frailty model using coxph function. I am running some simulations and want to store the variance of frailty (theta) values from each simulation result. Can anyone help me how to extract the theta values from the results. I appreciate any help. Thanks Shankar