I can figure out Validation, Tiles, and Hiberante, but
not normal redirection. What basic struts related logic
am I missing?
Thanks,
David
-Original Message-
From: Max Cooper [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, August 26, 2003 4:56 PM
To: Struts Users Mailing List
Subject
This seems likely to yield miserable performance.
while(t.isAlive());
While I don't agree with the approach of spawning a new thread for each
request (app servers typically pool threads, and you get one of those for
each request already), this might yield (threading pun ;-)) better
You can use Struts with SecurityFilter, which is a filter-based system
designed initially to work just like container-managed security, with a few
extensions.
http://www.securityfilter.org/
-Max
- Original Message -
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, August
You will lose the session when you close the browser. The session cookie is
not persistent, which means your browser will forget the session id when
it shuts down. In addition to that, the app server will destroy old sessions
after a timeout period that can be set in web.xml (usually 90 minutes or
I would recommend against creating a temp file, unless it will be created,
streamed back to the browser, and then deleted all within the scope of a
single request. Creating files often leads to security holes (who can
request the created file?), and not doing everything in one request leads to
the
Use this:
action-mappings
actionpath=/OrderSubmit
type=net.windward.store.OrderAction
name=orderForm
validate=true
input=/order.jsp
forward name=success path=/terms.jsp redirect=true/
forward name=failure path=/order.jsp/
/action
/action-mappings
But keep in mind
Try a JSP comment:
%-- html-el:text name=var property=qty indexed=true/ --%
-Max
- Original Message -
From: David Thielen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts-Users [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, August 12, 2003 7:27 PM
Subject: really weird - evaluating a comment
Hi;
The following line
One approach would be to use a proprietary programmatic security system. You
would have to check for a (user,company,role) combination for requests that
have security requirements. This may in fact be the best way to handle your
requirements, given that the same HTTP requests (/editCompany.do)
The modified in the future errors might be due to a change in your
system's clock or having the wrong time or wrong timezone offset in your
system settings. It looks like there might be other problems, but bad
modification times on files can definitely mess up a build so I would fix
that first.
I think it was Tomcat-specific at one time, but I think it is in the Servlet
spec now.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Daniel Joshua [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: 'Struts Users Mailing List' [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, July 28, 2003 3:47 AM
Subject: [OT] Is jsessionid specific to Tomcat or
Burc,
Since the browser is going to make a seperate request for the image data,
you really just want to render an img tag with a src URL that can be used to
retrieve the image from the db. You will also need an Action (or a servlet,
for a reason I will explain below) that will get the image from
This question is very similar to a question that was asked about images
recently. I outlined a solution (including some code) can be used for
sending PDF files as well. Here's a link to the message from the archive:
http://tinyurl.com/huby
Long version of the same link:
Jason,
Authentication and session creation are mostly independent -- you can have a
user with a session that has not been authenticated. I think a user will
always have a session once they have been authenticated, however.
I am not sure I understand quite what you are asking, but you can
Anubhav,
Here is an HTML text input field with the name defined by the Java variable
'name', which is set to the value notKnownInAdvance inside the JSP page:
% String name = notKnownInAdvance; %
input type=text name=%=name%
It will render like this in the resulting HTML page:
input type=text
I believe that the welcome file list is just a list of filenames to look for
in any directory if the user makes a request for a directory name without a
filename. So, they should not start with leading slashes. Some containers
are more tolerant of this than others, but it seems clear to me now
You could send a redirect or forward the current request to the Struts
action (mapping) from a Filter or Servlet.
What has lead you to want to do this? Perhaps a simpler solution to your
functional needs is possible.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Terje Hopsø [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To:
- Original Message -
From: Navjot Singh [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Thanks Craig,
Reversing the order of constraints does work. I should have RTFM.
That kind of surprises me. The Servlet Spec v2.3 section SRV 11.1 says that
exact patterns should be tried first, then paths (longest to shortest,
FileInputStream expects a filename, but you fed it a URL.
Is the XSL file within your webapp? If so, don't use a URL to reference it.
If it is not within your web app but it is under your control, consider
moving it into your web app.
If you cannot move it, you will need to make an HTTP request
In case no one mentioned it yet, IntelliJ IDEA is an outstanding IDE with
support for running and debugging code running on app servers, including
Tomcat. IDEA has an excellent feature list, but what really sets it apart is
how easy it is to use. Perhaps easy to use is not really the most complete
Message -
From: Max Cooper [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, June 16, 2003 1:04 PM
Subject: Re: [OT] IDE with easy tomcat upgrade?
In case no one mentioned it yet, IntelliJ IDEA is an outstanding IDE
with
support
If the information was not supposed to be available to that user, that is
the first thing to fix, and it sounds like you did that already. It may be
worth doing an audit on the app to find what other holes might be there.
Programming with security in mind is not something that comes naturally to
You can combine the use of template and content pages into one JSP to
get n+1 JSPs.
template:insert
template:put
!-- actual content --
/template:put
/template:insert
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Peng Zhao [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Wednesday, June 11, 2003
A pretty good but not perfect way to check is to look at the
Implementation-Version entry in the jar's /META-INF/MANIFEST.MF file. The
jakarta-commons projects are pretty good about setting these in accordance
with their release numbers. commons-beanutils.jar will show version 1.6 for
the 1.6.1
Write a custom tag that does it for you.
myapp:img name=imageProvider property=path /
-Max
- Original Message -
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, June 05, 2003 7:39 AM
Subject: dynamic paths to images
I have to generate dynamic paths to images (depending
In a word, no. There is no way to have CMA call your Action when a user logs
in. There are alternatives, however.
If all your requests go through Actions, you could add code to your app's
Action base class to ensure that the profile information is there. I think
there are more alternatives of
CMA does just-in-time authentication. You will only be authenticated on the
way to viewing a protected resource. After your authentication succeeds, you
will end up at the protected resource that you originally requested. This is
very nice because logging in doesn't take the user off the course of
with JRun/Objectivity CMA
configuration.
-Max
TIA
-Original Message-
From: Max Cooper [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, June 06, 2003 6:44 PM
To: Struts Users Mailing List
Subject: Re: CMA and LoginAction
CMA does just-in-time authentication. You will only be authenticated
I'll third the recommendation to use Digester. I needed to parse an XML
file for the securityfilter project, and I had not done any XML parsing
before so I was expecting it to be a fair amount of work to do. Then I
recieved a contributed solution from a member of this list that used
Digester. It
Are you looking for how-to info about doing releases of your project/product
as source code?
If so, one source of info is to look at mature open-source projects,
including the fine projects available from Apache. SourceForge would be
another place to look. What to deliver and how to do (automate)
The details of configuring single-sign on will depend on what server you are
using. It is pretty easy with Tomcat.
The forthcoming 1.4 version of the J2EE spec adds a logout() method to the
request interface that sounds like it could be used to achieve the
cross-context logout functionality you
Deploy three different instances of your app, one instance at each of these
context paths:
/APP
/APP/foo
/APP/foo2
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Laurent Garcia [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 8:03 AM
Subject: Mutil URL access to a struts
Whether you need to synchronize or not depends on how you are using the
object in question. If the Collection is a local variable or request-scope
ActionForm/JavaBean element that won't ever be accessed by more than one
thread, there is no reason to synchronize it. If it is an instance variable
on
Mick,
I suspect that it wouldn't work, but I have never tested it. I offer my
support if you want to try it out, but I don't have any experience with
JBoss.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, March 20, 2003 12:09 AM
Subject:
secured?
This way I do not have to put all my secured pages under /private/* and I
can just intermingle them.
-Original Message-
From: Max Cooper [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, April 04, 2003 3:25 AM
To: Struts Users Mailing List; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: How to do
again,
raju
-Original Message-
From: Max Cooper [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, April 04, 2003 3:11 AM
To: Struts Users Mailing List
Subject: Re: How to do authentication in different way for different
action classes
That should work fine. /Content/*.do will still
That looks like a bug on first glance. Please submit it to the
SecurityFilter project bug list on Sourceforge so that we can track it:
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=59484atid=491164
If you aren't using it now, I recommend using the securityfilter-1.0.1
release, rather than an older
http://www.htmlvalidator.com/ has a validator (including a
functionality-limited freeware version) that will hook into IE.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Zsolt Koppany [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Tomcat Users List [EMAIL PROTECTED]; Struts Users
Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday,
Straight HTML with a JSP scriptlet:
a href=login.doimg
src=%=request.getContextPath()%/images/Compagny.gif border=0/a
With Struts tags:
html:link page=/security/login.dohtml:img page=/images/Compagny.gif
border=0 //html:link
The border=0 stuff will prevent a blue outline from the link from
Are you certain that the request is getting to the JSP with the test in it?
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Jindal, Ashwini [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, April 03, 2003 11:43 AM
Subject: Loosing Objects in the Request.
Hi All,
I am trying to set some
You should keep *.do for your servlet mapping.
Assuming you are using container-managed security, you can do something like
this for your security constraints:
security-constraint
web-resource-collection
web-resource-nameSecured Resources/web-resource-name
wrong in your
setup.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Jindal, Ashwini [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Max Cooper [EMAIL PROTECTED]; Struts Users Mailing List
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, April 03, 2003 7:34 PM
Subject: RE: Loosing Objects in the Request.
Max,
That is what the problem is I
I worked on an app where we had cache set to false for Struts. In that
context, using an Action to retrieve the images prevented any of them from
being cached, which was bad for server load and site performance. We were
using Struts 1.0.2, though perhaps Struts 1.1 allows you to set the cache
Do you have the cluster setup to replicate the sessions? If so and it still
isn't working correctly, write something that checks everything in your
session to see if it is Serializable. You can use a simple JSP for the
session check thing and just load it to make sure everything is
serializable,
Here's the problem:
* struts-config.xml ***
actionpath=/addFile
type=ginsu.strutsApp.AddFileAction
** Begin AddFileAction.java
package src.ginsu.strutsApp;
Your Action's fully qualified class name is
Why couple it to your ActionBase class? You can make it self-contained so
that you can get access to it anywhere that you have a handle to the
request. To get the MySession object for the session associated with the
current request, you just call MySession.getMySession(request). It will even
make
tag provided for this type of functionality.
Regards
Shashi BHushan
- Original Message -
From: Max Cooper [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, March 27, 2003 7:49 PM
Subject: Re: how to get a single value from hashtable
I am
.
On Déardaoin, Már 20, 2003, at 00:20 Etc/GMT, Max Cooper wrote:
You can also use SecurityFilter, a filter-based clone of
container-managed
security. It allows you to set a default page to take users to when
they log
in out of the blue. Container-managed security doesn't allow such
login
requests
I am not exactly sure what you are asking. Consider posting a minimal but
complete code (JSP, Java) example to help us understand if the following
info doesn't help:
Hashtable.elements() returns an Enumeration of the values, not the keys. I
believe that logic:iterate will just iterate though the
My first suggestion would be to look into container managed security, and
after that look my filter-based clone of container-managed security,
http://securityfilter.sourceforge.org/, that works the same (you don't have
to change your app) but has a few little differences to get around things I
Since the real location is the same as the uri, having that in your web.xml
will have no effect on the operation of the application.
Since the container knows to look for the
org.apache.struts.taglib.logic.ForwardTag class, it seems clear that it is
finding the TLD.
Which means it isn't finding
A given user can have many roles, so be careful not to break that concept if
you can avoid it. Even if you don't need it now, it is supported by the
standard security stuff and it would be a shame to paint yourself into a
such a corner accidentally. You might need it later.
-Max
- Original
Mobile: 079.726.14.26
_
-Original Message-
From: Max Cooper [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, March 21, 2003 9:05 AM
To: Struts Users Mailing List
Subject: Re: Fine Grained Access Control in Sturts
A given user can have many roles, so be careful not to break that concept if
you
) ?
Seb
Max Cooper wrote:
You can use the logic tags to do something like this:
logic:present role=admin
html:link page=/admin/Admin.doAdmin/html:link
/logic:present
This assumes you are using a security mechanism where
request.isUserInRole(admin) will return true when the user
You can use the logic tags to do something like this:
logic:present role=admin
html:link page=/admin/Admin.doAdmin/html:link
/logic:present
This assumes you are using a security mechanism where
request.isUserInRole(admin) will return true when the user is in that
role. For that to work, you
You can also use SecurityFilter, a filter-based clone of container-managed
security. It allows you to set a default page to take users to when they log
in out of the blue. Container-managed security doesn't allow such login
requests.
http://securityfilter.sourceforge.net/
-Max
- Original
If their session expired, it is gone. The form submittal will generally look
like it is from a new visitor that had no session. What do you want to do in
the case that the user submits a form and their session had expired? I think
you might be able to make a good guess if they used to have a
You do actually have to go through the pains of rewriting all of your URLs
in links and things for this to work. If you have a link in a page like
this: a href=/loseMySession.doLose it!/a you will lose the session,
since there is no call to rewrite the URL.
I believe that the Struts tags will
That is a ClassCastException, which occurs when you try to cast a object to
a class or interface that it doesn't extend or implement.
We would need more details to help you determine just what cast is failing.
But, I suspect that your JSP is expecting to find a BusEmpInfoForm but is
finding
Do it in weblogic's config.xml, or better yet through the WebLogic console
(http://yourserver:7001/console).
Be sure to design and implement your web apps so that they would work no
matter what the context path is.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Kjellaug Johansen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To:
Netscape has (in the past, at least, and it sounds like the current version
is the same) viewed the following as different servers:
http://somehost.com/
https://somehow.com/
These are equivalent to:
http://somehost.com:80/
https://somehost.com:443/
It actually seems like a reasonable assumption
Hi Dan,
I haven't played with using Struts actions for the form-login-page and
form-error-page pages very much. No action will be called when the form
submits to j_security_check, which is processed by the filter, much like the
container does when using container-managed security.
However, you
Dan's suggestion to use redirects is a good one. I redirect in response to
most POST operations to avoid these problems. It adds a bit of network
overhead to some of the pages, but the exipred POST data, double submits,
and the browser's address bar not matching what the user is seeing are all
Session IDs identify sessions, not users.
A session is using a browser to access a server from a particular machine.
It doesn't matter if you login or not, sessions are meant just to associate
a group of requests as coming from one (or more) person sitting at a
computer using a browser. HTTP is a
To: Struts Users Mailing List
Subject: Re: Association between Session object and Cookies/URL
rewriting
2003. március 6. 12:10 dátummal Max Cooper ezt írtad:
Here's a little dialog to illustrate:
Wow! That was marvellous!
Tib
);
session.setAttribute( Action.LOCALE_KEY,locale );
}
Mohan
-Original Message-
From: Max Cooper [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, March 06, 2003 6:18 PM
To: Struts Users Mailing List
Subject: Re: Association between Session object and Cookies/URL
rewriting
There are a number of issues involved that make it more complicated than it
should be (cookie domains, writing out all the links properly, etc.).
Fortunately, there is a project designed just for this purpose that extends
Struts to support relatively painless HTTP/HTTPS switching:
Requirement is this : My login page itself expires even if the user
doesn't login for the session timeout period. We want to prevent that.
Hmm... I don't think there is much you can do in that case with
container-managed security. If the user fails to login within the session
expiration time,
Perhaps only good programmers use text editors.
But it certainly isn't the case that good programmers only use text editors.
I used to use text editors for all my programming, but I have since switched
to IntelliJ IDEA because I am convinced it helps me do my work better and
faster. I can
I was not able to contribute to these discussions before I started using an
IDE. Now I have all kinds of free time for this stuff! IDEs are great! ;-)
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Jeff Kyser [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, March 03, 2003
/index.jsp gets translated (as needed) to account for the context path
automatically. The paths that start with / are evaluated relative to
your web app. You can use the /index.jsp style paths and deploy your app
with any context path without having to change anything.
-Max
On Thu, 2003-02-27 at
The sslext project is designed to meet this need, and includes extended tags
to do this kind of thing (and more). Check it out:
http://sslext.sourceforge.net/
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Bryan Field-Elliot [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent:
Bookmarking the login page and then returning and logging in results in what
I call an 'unsolicited login request' since the app server didn't send the
user to the login form in the first place. The server doesn't know where to
send the user when it gets such a request, so it fails as you
It sounds like it is saying that 'something.exe' is not a valid url-pattern.
Try '/something.exe' (or whatever the right url-pattern is for this
resource) instead.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Mike Mattox [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday,
I've been reading the book Java Development with Ant (written by Erik
Hatcher Steve Loughran, published by Manning) lately and find it to be a
very good book. It covers lots of things like JUnit testing and of course
building war files (and much more).
Make sure that:
!DOCTYPE whatever-config PUBLIC
-//THIS//PART_OF_YOUR_DOCTYPE_TAG//EN
http://yadayadayada;
THIS//PART... matches the name of the validator doctype exactly. I'd give
you a more solid example if I knew what it was supposed to be, but I don't
know what it is supposed to be.
I think some app servers (WebLogic, others?) allow you to use Windows
network security (domain controller might be the right term?) for web app
security. The users will need to login to your app specfically, but you
might then be able to get some profile info by calling
request.getUserPrincipal()
Filters do not apply to forwards (I thought that, too, but tested it last
week and they don't). The Servlet 2.4 spec has an option to allow you to
turn such forward filtering on.
In reference to the original question, how about naming your action mappings
(in struts-config.xml) so that they can
Forwards are be subject to filtering, too. That is to say, when you
forward,
your request might go through some filters.
If you're talking about Servlet filters (i.e. javax.filter.Filter), this
is not true in a Servlet 2.3 container. In Servlet 2.4, you'll have the
option to say you
Remember that requests for images are separate from the requests for pages.
It works kind of like this dialog between the browser and server:
browser: please send /index.html
server: okay, here it is:
html
head/head
bodyimg src=/images/bmx_mullet.jpg/body
/html
browser: (oh! I need an image, I
Forwards are be subject to filtering, too. That is to say, when you forward,
your request might go through some filters. But I am not sure your filter
will be invoked if your mainMenu forward has a path that doesn't match the
filter's url-pattern. There also seems to be some inconsistency between
I am not 100% sure this is the problem, but you generally can't use %= %
in an attribute value unless it is the whole thing.
Not okay:
some:tag attribute=my favorite number is %=i% /
Okay:
some:tag attribute='%= my favorite number is + i %' /
% String value = my favorite number is + i; %
Forwards happen on the server, so there is no simple way to have a forward
pop up in a new window. If the browser makes a request for /showItToMe.do,
you can forward it 1,000 times on the server and it is still just one
request to the browser. And it is going to display the response in whatever
Don't throw out the baby with the bathwater! ;-) It is still useful to have
the container manage the security in a standard, time-tested,
essentially-free-to-implement way.
It just means that the spec doesn't provide any help in changing your
password. However, you just need to access the same
One of the important values I have found is that it makes your app somewhat
regular in the sense that you know where to look for things no matter who
wrote the page. Without Struts, you would have to spend time writing and
describing how to use your own MVC framework, or simply let everyone on the
Your lazy (smart!) way #1 is correct. Let Struts instantiate your
ActionForms.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Fred Lamuette [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Wednesday, January 22, 2003 4:17 PM
Subject: Newbie question
For editing an article, i
The latest release of SecurityFilter (securityfilter-1.0-b5) has been fixed
to allow requests to the login and error pages even if they match a security
constraint. This matches the behavior of the containers I tested.
It also has some security fixes, so I recommend all users upgrade to the
You might not want to tell users what was wrong for security reasons. If
they type a username/password and can get a username invalid or password
invalid error, they will know when they have guessed a good username.
passwords can only contain letters and digits, etc. also give away
information
Context path?
td a href=#
onClick=window.open('%=request.getContextPath()%/screenLabelDetails.do')CLICK
HERE/a/td
-Max
On Fri, 2002-12-20 at 23:22, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
hi,
how to open a new window in click of a link i used this code
td a href=#
Just write out a regular HTML form:
form action=j_security_check
Username: input type=text name=j_usernamebr
Password: input type=password name='j_passwordbr
input type=submit
/form
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Boris Folgmann [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Struts Users Mailing List [EMAIL
Subject: Re: tomcat's container based authentication and struts
Max Cooper wrote:
Just write out a regular HTML form:
form action=j_security_check
Username: input type=text name=j_usernamebr
Password: input type=password name='j_passwordbr
input type=submit
/form
-Max
I don't think this will trump any of the fine examples posted so far, but I
have always found this gsu error message amusing:
gsu: you won't be doing that today.
This is what you get if you try to gsu to an account that you don't have
access to.
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Nelson,
Brad,
I have written some pages/actions that do what you describe here. I believe
that one way to go would be to use nested properties, but I haven't tried
that yet, so I am not sure how to do it. The solution I used was to create
an ActionForm for the page that has arrays for each field from the
Brad,
Is the RowsForm a session-scoped ActionForm? If it is request-scope, you can
be sure that they are being set on the submit, rather than hanging around in
the session.
The setRows() method was intended to be used in the Action that gets the
Vector of data from the DB (or elsewhere) to copy
Here's a few from a Google search for Windows service wrapper:
http://wrapper.sourceforge.net/doc/english/introduction.html
http://pharos.inria.fr/Java/display.jsp?id=c_6232
http://playstation2.idv.tw/serviceagent/index.php3
-Max
- Original Message -
From: Mark Silva [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Another option is to create your own Action base class (that adds logging)
that all your Actions will extend. I believe this strategy has been
identified as a Best Practice if and when you need to add this kind of
thing. We did this on a project I worked on and added code to the base class
for
I agree that reflection is not a good solution here, but does have useful
application in general (but it isn't needed here, so don't use it). Use a
singleton or a statically-initialized Map to look up the patterns based on
the state. Save yourself some time by putting Patterns in the map,
Mark,
Check out my SecurityFilter project: http://securityfilter.sourceforge.net/
The other alternative that I would suggest is using container-managed
security. SecurityFilter is designed to mimic container managed security, so
it is easy to switch back and forth if you aren't ready to decide
Assuming your context path is /mystruts/pages...
If the image does not change with locale, it is probably easiest to do this:
html:img page=/images/signoff.gif alt=Sign-off /
If you want to have the image and alt tag change with the locale, do this:
( base resources file )
Yes, html:image is just what you are looking for. You often want to use
page= instead of src= so the tag will add your contextPath to the beginning.
The action is specified in the form. Something like this will submit to
booya.do:
html:form action=/booya.do
html:image page=/images/booya.jpg /
I don't know if this is your problem, but I would consider putting your
class in package and specifying the type with the fully-qualified class
name.
Put something like this at the top of dbopsAction.java:
package com.mycompany.myapp;
and make sure the class file ends up as
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