http://truth-out.org/opinion/item/15726-its-time-to-shine-a-light-on-the-poverty-creation-industry
It's Time to Shine a Light on the Poverty Creation Industry
Sunday, 14 April 2013 12:05
By Joe Brewer, Alnoor Ladha and Martin Kirk, Think Africa Press | Op-Ed
It's about time we called out the great myth that mass poverty just is,
as if it were a natural part of some universal moral order. Such
thinking is both profoundly untrue and disastrously misleading.
Poverty is human-made. It is created – knowingly and with scientific
efficiency – by a vastly sophisticated industry that includes private
companies, think tanks, media outlets, government policies, and more.
This ‘Poverty Creation Industry’ is about the least talked about feature
of our global economy and yet it is perhaps the greatest market force in
the modern world. Until we acknowledge this startling truth, progress
towards global prosperity and sustainability will fall far short of what
is possible.
This isn’t to suggest that there’s a dark, smoky room somewhere in which
a small cabal plots to cause immeasurable misery just because they can.
This isn’t a conspiracy theory. In truth, it happens in big boardrooms
and political conferences, where people create rules and execute
strategies to ‘maximise self-interest’ as economists say, by extracting
wealth from others. This is largely driven by a maniacal focus on
short-term profit or advantage while ignoring one of its primary effects
– the impoverishment of hundreds of millions of people. Wilful
ignorance, though, as any legal scholar will tell you, is no defence in
law. It’s about time we applied the same standard to our economic rules
and realities.
Revealing the culprits
You don’t need to dig very deep to find the main culprits. If we apply
the old Latin rubric cui bono? – literally 'who benefits?' – there are
some very clear and unsurprising suspects.
The richest 0.001% of the world control 30% of the financial wealth; the
wealthiest 0.1% about 81%. So the rich are indeed extremely rich. More
important than their static worth, though, are trends over time.
Over the last two centuries, global inequality has steadily increased.
We know this because whilst ratios of absolute poverty have been
decreasing over the last two centuries, the standard measure of
inequality – the Gini coefficient – has risen from 43.0 in 1820 to 70.7
in 2002. (A score of 0 means everyone has exactly the same amount and
100 means one person controls everything.) This trend has been
accelerating since 1980, when the latest round of 'free market' policies
was put in place. It is being exacerbated still further in most
countries by both the economic crisis and climate change.
Of course, just because someone benefits from a system doesn’t
automatically mean they are controlling it. To investigate who is doing
that, we need to look at the industries that have been built, who has
built them this way, and observe their strategies and business
operations. The best place to look is the industry at the heart of it
all, whose very purpose is the management of wealth: banking and finance.
The global shadow economy
What we find is a two-tier system comprised of, 1) a global mainstream
economy where basic rules of fairness and transparency apply, and 2) a
global shadow economy where fairness is an irrelevant concept,
transparency a state to be avoided at all costs and the social contract
is ignored.
This shadow economy has been steadily and systematically created through
a series of very clear strategies. Its sole purpose is to provide a
place above national tax laws, where profit and capital can be hoarded
without limit. It is extremely popular with those who can afford to
access it. It is vast. It is comprised of over 80 tax havens, innumerous
trade agreements and legal frameworks, and employs a small army of
people to lobby policymakers, provide legal defence, manage and buy-off
elected officials.
Somewhere between $21 and $32 trillion – or 10%-15% of all privately
held wealth – is hidden behind the great walls of secrecy. Of the 100
largest companies on the London Stock Exchange, 98 routinely use tax
havens. Over half of all global trade flows between and within them so
that profits can be siphoned off untaxed.
In other words, the shadow economy is not only immense, but it is
intricately sewn into the mainstream economy. Like a parasite, it is
attached to the body of its host and drains its financial lifeblood at a
rate and scale that is large enough to perpetuate global inequality and
poverty.
There could not be a clearer case of an industry designed to benefit
through active and willful exploitation, and at the expense of the
majority of the world’s people. An industry designed with rules that
enrich some through the impoverishment of others: the Poverty Creation
Industry.
Let there be light
This industry relies on one thing above all others: secrecy. It is only
through the ‘discretion’ of tax havens and the creativity of lawyers,
accountants and bankers that they can operate in the way they do.
This is where hope lies. The ability to maintain this secrecy is
dependent on the public not seeing, and not using its collective power
to demand change. With public pressure, rules can be enacted that shine
a light onto these secret places. The gross imbalances of our current
system can be corrected so that wealth is more equally shared; and
advantage and profit enjoyed within reasonable bounds.
In service of this vision, we have helped create one avenue for action:
/The Rules is a new global citizens movement aimed at tackling these
root causes of inequality and poverty. By coming together in common
purpose and with a common understanding, using smart organising and
global communication networks, we believe ordinary people have the power
to stand up to the Poverty Creation Industry, and bring about new rules.
Our first step is to demand transparency in the global hub of the tax
haven system, the City of London. It will take a massive and ongoing
global effort – to paraphrase Martin Luther King, the arc of history is
long, but it bends toward justice. We believe change is possible only if
the citizens of the world demand change.
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