It's been discussed here a few times before, I beleve we were 
sceptical, mostly. But he nonetheless gets $13 million in investment 
for something that doesn't work. Well, at least he admits it, sort 
of. Other people with things that do work get nothing. - K

-------

Detroit Free Press
http://www.freep.com/money/autonews/aircar18_20040318.htm
Experimental car is powered by air

Experimental car is powered by air

French developer works on making it practical for real-world driving

March 18, 2004

BY WILLIAM DIEM
FREE PRESS SPECIAL WRITER

CARROS, France -- In an industrial park a few miles from Nice on the 
French Riviera, Guy Negre has developed an environmentalist's dream 
car.

Compressed air is the fuel, cold air is the only exhaust. A prototype 
van called CityCAT -- the sixth made by his company, Motor 
Developpement International s.a. -- tools around the parked cars of 
his staff of about 30 just as any small van might, except that the 
power is coming from three long black tanks in the back, full of air 
compressed to 5,000 pounds per square inch.

No powertrain could be more environmentally attractive. It requires 
some up-front electric energy to compress the air, and that's all. 
Like an electric car recharging its batteries, you could plug it 
somewhere when the air pressure has fallen too low and have the 
on-board compressor refill the tanks.

The car and Negre's invention have been on television on every 
continent. More than a dozen investors from Mexico, France and 
elsewhere have invested $13 million for 35 franchises on a future 
mini-factory and sales territory.

The only problem is, it won't work in real life.

"The clean engine is insufficient to be sold," he says, after seven 
years of development. The air-powered car has too little power and 
too little range. Negre's son Cyril, an engineer at MDI, said that 
the CityCAT prototype goes about 37 miles on the test track before it 
runs out of air.

However, Negre is not waving a white flag. He is simply returning to 
an engine he started designing in 1992 after a career designing 
Formula 1 engines.

The air car engine, he said, will now get a clean-burning external 
combustion chamber so that the CityCAT can operate as a hybrid with 
two energy sources: running on compressed air from the tanks or 
burning fuel to expand ambient air, which powers the pistons. "All 
motors are essentially compressed air motors," he said in an 
interview at his company headquarters. Internal combustion in a 
standard diesel or gasoline engine simply heats and expands air.

He would not describe in detail the changes he expects to make for 
his new engine, except to say that the external combustion would 
produce tiny amounts of exhaust pollution. As for fuel economy, he 
said, "On an early engine, we achieved 2.5l/100km (94 m.p.g.), and 
this one will do better than that."

Negre doesn't dream small. Starting with his compressed air engine in 
1997, he developed the idea of a Green Taxi for city centers. That 
has evolved into two cars, the three-seat MiniCAT and a five-seat 
CityCAT. He has an idea for a compressed air bus. To build the 
MiniCAT and the CityCAT, he has designed a small factory with a 
capacity of two cars an hour -- about 7,000 cars a year -- where 
workers would manufacture engines and body panels and assemble the 
finished product. In six to 10 years he hopes to have 400 factories 
around the world, 20 of them in France.

"In the concept, MDI will deliver the raw materials to the factories, 
to assure the same quality everywhere," said Negre.

His dream doesn't really match the reality of industrialization, 
validation and government approvals. Negre's new engine with the 
external combustion chamber is still in the design stage. It isn't 
expected to reach the prototype stage until the end of this month, 
yet Negre is confident he can validate it and sell his first MiniCATs 
by the end of the year.

That is unlikely. Automakers with huge resources take years to 
validate an engine and test its durability. Negre has a small staff 
and is operating on a shoestring, without enough money to return to 
the Paris auto show this fall.

His dream has some credibility, because his air car works. Compressed 
air gives an adequate performance in city driving for a limited time. 
But MDI is a long way from taking on the big automakers.

March 18, 2004


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