Please note that this patch and fix only works for Ubuntu 17.04 which relies on
systemd-resolved as a DNS/DNSSEC stub resolver, as well as an LLMNR resolver.

You also need to be using a network-manager plugin like 
network-manager-openvpn-gnome.
Install and configure an openvpn connection after going 'sudo apt-get install 
network-manager-
openvpn-gnome', importing a config file, connecting (if possible), and 
observing the fact that
there are DNS leaks (queries WILL be routed to your ISP) with online tools like 
those at
https://dnsleaktest.com. Otherwise, just know that systemd-resolved naturally 
leaks DNS queries
over all configured domains on all interfaces by design unless a specific 
system bus call is made.
In this case, the SetLinkDomains(in  i ifindex, in  a(sb) domains) method, if 
passed
the interface index followed by an array containing the "routing-only" domain 
"~." 
(see https://manpages.debian.org/testing/systemd/systemd.network.5.en.html) and 
the boolean true.
But enough with the technical details, lets move on to the fix!

First, make sure you have all necessary packages to build the network
manager, install with:

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get build-dep network-manager

cd ~/Documents
mkdir nm && cd nm
apt-get source network-manager
cd network-manager-1.4.4/

Copy the patch file into the network-manager-1.4.4 directory:

cp ~/Downloads/resolved-vpn-dns-leak-fix.patch .

Apply the patch with:

patch -p1 < resolved-vpn-dns-leak-fix.patch

Remove patch from source directory before compilation:

rm resolved-vpn-dns-leak-fix.patch

Compile and build .deb package for installation (this will take a
while):

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -b

The compiled .debs should be in the parent directory you created nm:

cd ../

First, stop all network services:

sudo service network-manager stop
sudo service networking stop

Install just the patched network manager (the other .debs are not
necessary):

sudo dpkg -i network-manager_1.4.4-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb

Bring network services back up:

sudo service networking start
sudo service network-manager start

Connect to standard openvpn via network-manager-openvpn GUI (or other plugin)
Search the syslog for something like:

NetworkManager[876]: <info>  [1496716774.9849] 
systemd-resolved[0x55b0132ec2b0]: Link type is VPN
TUN or TAP, fixing DNS leak...

and verify that the VPN link (for example tun0) includes the descriptor:
        DNS Domain: ~.
        
using the command:

systemd-resolve --status

When compiling network manager, several bogus links are created and will show 
up when
you type 'systemd-resolve --status', don't worry they will disappear once you 
reboot.

Then open your browser, navigate to https://dnsleaktest.com and select Extended 
test
You should only see your VPN provider's DNS servers. For example, with PIA you 
should see
something like:

Test complete

Query round Progress... Servers found
  1          ......              1
  2          ......              1
  3          ......              1
  4          ......              1
  5          ......              1
  6          ......              1

IP      Hostname        ISP     Country
173.239.220.5   ip-5-220-239-173.east.us.northamericancoax.com  GoLightSpeed    
United States

Now, to prevent Ubuntu apt from replacing your patched, VPN-DNS-leak-
free version of network manager that relies on systemd-resolved, use the
command:

sudo apt-mark hold network-manager

Thats all, you're done. Congrats, no DNS leaks on Ubuntu 17.04!
I hope that I was able to make your life easier and more secure using openvpn 
or other
vpn services through the built-in GUI for the Gnome NetworkManager on Ubuntu 
17.04 :)

(Side note: I am a college student and C/C++ dev who loves Ubuntu <3 Also, this 
took quite a bit
of research on the GLib API, systemd-resolved API, and much much tracing using 
our good friend
'grep -r' for built in functions and enums of the Gnome network manager itself. 
No additional
compiler warnings are generated, the patch conforms to the C90 standard, and 
the syntax style 
used throughout the network manager source code was maintained.)

I will attach the small text patch generated using 'diff -u' along with the 
patched generated 
.deb file for your convenience. Cheers, and I hope this helps you all!

-- 
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Bugs, which is subscribed to Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1624317

Title:
  systemd-resolved breaks VPN with split-horizon DNS

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