SUMMARY Of the problem (or a HUGE TL;DR):

- Installer depends on "grub-mkdevice --no-floppy -m -" command to get bootable 
devices ordering.
- grub-mkdevice was dropped upstream and it is included in grub2 by a quilt 
patch.
- grub-mkdevice orders everything that is in /dev/disk/by-id/* excluding, in 
this order, everything containing "-part", "dm-" and "md-". 
- LVM partitions are added to /dev/disk/by-id, but not the entire disk (as the 
PV is the partition itself).
- UDEV creates /dev/disk/by-id depending on 60-persistent-storage.rules:

# virtio-blk
KERNEL=="vd*[!0-9]", ATTRS{serial}=="?*", ENV{ID_SERIAL}="$attr{serial}", 
SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/virtio-$env{ID_SERIAL}"
KERNEL=="vd*[0-9]", ATTRS{serial}=="?*", ENV{ID_SERIAL}="$attr{serial}", 
SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/virtio-$env{ID_SERIAL}-part%n"

- So, LVM puts ID_SERIAL in LVM partitions, they get added to /dev/disk
/by-id and installer is lost when trying to order it, as LVM partition
gets into 1st position of choice, instead of the full disk (for hd0,
hd1, ... grub setup).

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1838525

Title:
  LVM setup fails to install grub on virtio storage

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