Hi Sean,thanks for your comments, find below some more details with respect to the (1) VM sizing and (2) the replication factor:
(1) VM sizing:We selected the small VMs as intial setup to run our experiments. We have also executed the same experiments (5 nodes) on larger VMs with 6 cores and 12GB memory (where 6GB was allocated to Cassandra).
We use the default CMS garbace collector (with default settings) and the debug.log and system.log does not show any suspicious GC messages.
(2) Replication factorWe set the RF to 5 as we want to emulate a scenario which is able to survive multiple-node failures. We have also tried a RF of 3 (in the 5 node cluster) but the downtime in case of a node failure persists.
I also attached two plots which show the results with the downtimes for using the larger VMs and setting the RF to 3
Any further comments much appreciated, Cheers, Daniel Am 09.11.2018 um 19:04 schrieb Durity, Sean R:
The VMs’ memory (4 GB) seems pretty small for Cassandra. What heap size are you using? Which garbage collector? Are you seeing long GC times on the nodes? The basic rule of thumb is to give the Cassandra heap 50% of the RAM on the host. 2 GB isn’t very much.Also, I wouldn’t set the replication factor to 5 (the number of nodes). If RF is always equal to the number of nodes, you can’t really scale beyond the size of the disk on any one node (all data is on each node). A replication factor of 3 would be more like a typical production set-up.Sean Durity *From:*Daniel Seybold <daniel.seyb...@uni-ulm.de> *Sent:* Friday, November 09, 2018 5:49 AM *To:* user@cassandra.apache.org*Subject:* [EXTERNAL] Availability issues for write/update/read workloads (up to 100s downtime) in case of a Cassandra node failureHi Apache Cassandra experts,we are running a set of availability evaluations under a write/read/update workloads with Apache Cassandra and experience some unexpected results, i.e. 0 ops/s over a period up to 100s.In order to provide a clear picture find below the details of (1) the setup and (2) the evaluation workflow*1. Setup:* Cassandra version: 3.11.2 Cluster size: 5 nodes Replication Factor: 5Each nodes runs in the same private OpenStack based cloud, within the same availability zone and uses the private network. Each nodes runs as OS Ubuntu 16.04 server and has 2 cores, 4GB RAM and 50GB disk.Workload: Yahoo Cloud Serving Benchmark 0.12 W1: 100% write W2: 100% read W3: 100% update *2. Evaluation Workflow: * 1. allocate 5 VMs & deploy DBMS cluster 2. start a YCSB worklod (only one of W1-3) which runs up to 30 minutes 3. wait for 200s4. trigger the selection of a random node in the cluster and delete the VM without stopping Cassandra before5. analyze throughput time series over the evaluation *3. (Unexpected) Results*We expected to see a (slight) drop in the throughput as soon as the VM was deleted. But the throughput results show that the there are periods of ~10s - 150s (not deterministic) where no operations are executed (all metrics are collected on client side) Yet, there are no timeout exceptions on client side and also the logs on cluster side do not show anything that explains this behaviour.I attached a series of plots which show the throughput and the downtimes over the evaluation runs.Do you have any explanations for this behaviour or recommendations how to reduce the potential "downtime" ?Thanks in advance for any help and recommendations, Cheers, Daniel -- M.Sc. Daniel Seybold Universität Ulm Institut Organisation und Management von Informationssystemen (OMI) Albert-Einstein-Allee 43 89081 Ulm Phone: +49 (0)731 50-28 799 ------------------------------------------------------------------------The information in this Internet Email is confidential and may be legally privileged. It is intended solely for the addressee. Access to this Email by anyone else is unauthorized. If you are not the intended recipient, any disclosure, copying, distribution or any action taken or omitted to be taken in reliance on it, is prohibited and may be unlawful. When addressed to our clients any opinions or advice contained in this Email are subject to the terms and conditions expressed in any applicable governing The Home Depot terms of business or client engagement letter. The Home Depot disclaims all responsibility and liability for the accuracy and content of this attachment and for any damages or losses arising from any inaccuracies, errors, viruses, e.g., worms, trojan horses, etc., or other items of a destructive nature, which may be contained in this attachment and shall not be liable for direct, indirect, consequential or special damages in connection with this e-mail message or its attachment.
-- M.Sc. Daniel Seybold Universität Ulm Institut Organisation und Management von Informationssystemen (OMI) Albert-Einstein-Allee 43 89081 Ulm Phone: +49 (0)731 50-28 799
cassandra_failures_v2.pdf
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