Open letter to Hanno Essen: As you may realize by now, I assume, you erred in your original work with Mr. Kullander when you assumed that a humidity meter could measure steam quality. Water under the bridge, or under the steam space, as the case may be. Who would have thought about liquid water coming out? I feel your pain.
However, I was an electronics technician (not an engineer, per se, though I did end up doing a bit of engineering), and I know that I can't use an AC oscilloscope display to measure DC offset, and I find it hard to imagine that anyone familiar with test equipment would make this mistake. When I saw Mats Lewan's comment on his blog that the PCE-830 could not measure DC offset, I thought that you and your colleagues could not be so stupid. Unbelievable. I'd read that the wires had been checked for DC voltages. https://matslew.wordpress.com/2013/06/10/update-of-swedish-italian-report-and-swedish-pilot-e-cat-customer-wanted/ But when I read the new appendix to the report, version 3, http://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.3913v3, I could hardly believe my eyes: There are images of the PCE display, showing a nice sinusoidal curve centered around a 0 voltage line. The text: >The PCE-830, in addition to providing voltage and current values for >each phase, allows one to check both the waveform and its spectral >composition in harmonics of the fundamental frequency (50 Hz). >As far as voltage is concerned, the figures, considering that peak >values are shown, clearly show that the waveform was sinusoidal and >symmetrical, and that there were no levels of DC voltage having it >been already established that there were no other electrical connections. and the caption on the image: >Fig. 2. Waveforms for voltages measured at control box input. Note >the symmetrical sinusoids, with no indication of DC voltage levels. >The spectral composition includes only the first harmonic at 50 Hz. Hanno: *You used an AC oscilloscope display to measure DC offset?* I looked up the PCE specifications to determine if it did display DC offset. There is no DC voltage specification for the device. The specifications appear to assume that this would never see a DC voltage. It simply is not used in those applications, and the oscilloscope display is almost certainly then through a filter that eliminates any DC offset. All the specifications are AC. Just as a regular oscilloscope has an AC/DC switch. The former will eliminate any DC offset; this device is *always in AC mode.* Had you merely stated that, no, we did not measure DC offset, you'd merely have something missing from the report. However, you didn't do that. You actually claimed to have measured a quantity with a device that can't do it. Once again, and this time it is on something where, very much, you would be expected to have competence, the use of basic electronic test equipment. Sorry, but with the prior error and this one, you have succeeded in establishing your general incompetence. I would not have believed it if I didn't see it. When I read Mats Lewan's comment, I thought, maybe there was some mistake. No. Basically, for the usage of that meter, it would be astonishing for the device to provide for a DC display. That image is designed to show serious AC distortion. Specifications of the meter are at: http://www.industrial-needs.com/technical-data/power-anlayser-PCE-830.htm Wake up, Hanno! You got away with ignoring the error about the humidity meter. This is far worse. With the humidity meter problem, steam quality did not really matter that much, it was the possibility of overflow water that was of major concern. But here, checking the input power to the Hot Cat, you missed a huge opportunity for fraud, and compounded this by adding that appendix, purporting to rule out DC voltages, without being careful.