How do you split the electron? At one time this was considered impossible, then it became a mathematical abstraction, then a controversial experiment and later: "let me count the ways"... :-)
Aside from the FQHE, we should consider that two years ago an accredited research team observed an electron being split into two "quasi-particles", one carrying the particle's spin and the other its orbital movement. http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/04/19/splitting_the_electron/ Since the property of spin figures into both magnetism and angular momentum - which are two out of three of the electron's quantum properties (the other being electrical charge), we must account for charge to complete the picture - which itself can be fractionated as in the FQHE. Thus we see many fractionated parameters, usually prime number fractions, but to take that finding forward into new territory with LENR, we must propose that some of the electron properties can be captured in different quasi-particles, especially the magnon - at the same time as the others are "lost" to 3-space. The electron can be theoretically considered as a bound state of the three properties with the "spinon" carrying the spin, the "orbiton" carrying the orbital location and the "holon" carrying the charge, but in certain conditions any of the three can behave as independent particles, just as the electron disappears. However, this has seldom been seen in physics, outside of LENR as a possible example, except when electrons are tightly confined at temperatures close to absolute zero. This is where the gateway to negative energy comes into play. Any electron getting close to the gateway will be "tightly confined at temperatures close to absolute zero" and the result could be that only the spinon is retained in 3-space, while the holon and orbiton become properties of another dimension. _____________________________________________ Here is a new/old "spin" on LENR. Executive summary: the energy gain in LENR can be described as "retained spin energy" - involving the Higgs particle as an energy sink. We speculated about the Higgs <-> LENR connection some time ago - and the elements xenon, cesium barium, lanthanum and cerium - all of which have isotopes in the proper range of mass-energy. But that connection, as interesting as it is, apparently leads us nowhere towards explaining Ni-H. Look at it in another way. In order to see the Higgs particle at the LHC, terawatts of beam energy are collided at a point in space, resulting in a basic "particle" of mass-energy near 125 GeV having a fractional second of existence. One perspective of this discovery is that the "particle" was always present in another dimension, but was hidden, being very cold and dark relative to its surroundings. Therefore, the Higgs is best described as an "energy sink" for a quantum of mass-energy and NOT as a particle per se. As a practical matter, we then ask ourselves: can we access this Higgs energy-sink from our 3-space via a gateway and end up with gain instead of loss? The answer is yes, but it is a complicated argument. From a prior post: our gateway to the Higgs in 3-space would be an interface at something close to Planck dimensions. It would be cold from our perspective, since it is an interface with negative energy. The "coldest nucleus" can be defined as the most energy-depleted... which is the same way of saying - having the highest binding energy per nucleon. Nickel-62 is the coldest nucleus in nature with the highest binding energy per nucleon (8.8 MeV). Is there anything else which can make the case for nickel as a gateway to Higgs? On the surface, one AMU is very close to one GeV making Ni-62 at first glance seem to be about half the mass-energy of the Higgs, but that approximation is rough, even if we are talking about a resonant gateway to a heat sink, instead of a heat source. In order to find the putative manner in which the Higgs may be relevant to LENR, the relationship between positive energy and negative energy will be important. So the further question is - if nickel can serve as gateway to the Higgs energy-sink in another dimension - how do we convert any resource in our 3-space into positive energy by way of an energy sink? IOW, if this line of reasoning were to be productive for understanding LENR, we would need to find a "medium" of energy transfer, which will be a common and divisible particle which we can "sacrifice" at low cost - in the sense of keeping a fraction of its energy for local use, and sending the rest of it into the energy sink. This has led to the conclusion that the medium is "ground", in the sense of a source of free electrons. Strange as it sounds, high amperage current going into a device in such a way that a fraction of the electrons are actually lost to 3-space can permit positive energy to be retained in some form. This goes back at least two years to the thread on this article about splitting the electron which recently cropped up again: http://www.mail-archive.com/vortex-l%40eskimo.com/msg65194.html More on splitting the electron later.
<<attachment: winmail.dat>>
