> unionfs-fuse ... yes it is exist in Debian (as backport).
> Why two separate "-o" option group?
one goes to unionfs-fuse and the other to FUSE itself.

> The branch(?) is "/tmp/var"=RW:"/var"=RO "/var" mean that /tmp/var (which
> is created at /tmp which is a tmpfs - ramdisk) as writable and it is
> branch over /var which is read only. My interpretation is correct?
Yes, it is.

>> I haven't figured out a way to do it using AuFS without moving /var,
> What is that mean? Moving /var, basically possible only after mount root
> file system, which includes it. Suggestion about unionfs (I have got from
> hup.hu) is working if I copy some part of /var to place for rw area for
> /var. The translation:
> You should make a script which is should run first at the start
> (rcS.d/S00unionfs), and it should do the next:
>
> - create a ramdisk
>
> mount -nt tmpfs tmpfs /mnt/tmpfs
>
> - copy/create appropriate directories:
>
> tar -xzf /etc/unionfs/var.tar.gz
>
> - and create a union mount:
>
> mount -t unionfs unionfs /var -o dirs=/mnt/tmpfs:/var
>
> Many places I have read that aufs could do the same things. It is not true
> for my situation?
>
> Sincerely
>  tovis

AuFS cannot union mount its own mountpoint, so I don't think it's
possible. At least I couldn't get such setups to work.
The only way to make it work is to copy all the files from /var to
/var.real and perform the union mount early in the boot process before
anything is written to /var, like this:
rm -rf /var
mkdir /var
mount -t aufs aufs "/var" -o dirs="/tmp/var"=rw:"/var.real"=ro

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