I have the Monarch as well since yesterday so here are my thoughts on it. For 
me, the time to refresh seems more like 1 second to me than 2 seconds, 
especially when talking about one cell changing. For example, when I type into 
a text field it never seems to take more than one second for the letter to 
appear in Braille on the display, and the same when navigating around the Chess 
board in Monarch Chess. Also, if you have your finger on a Braille cell while 
it refreshes, it will not refresh correctly, but I've found that if you move 
your finger away it will often fix itself within one or two seconds, which I 
think makes this a little less of an issue. Things like blinking cursors would 
still not be desirable though. What I am really curious to find out is when the 
JAWS beta comes out later this summer supporting the Monarch, what protocol 
will it use? Will it use the Dot Pad protocol, since it uses the same cell 
technology and the Dot Pad protocol is already optimized for an array of 
 equidistant dots like this? Or will it be an adaptation of the Humanware 
protocol that is used in the brailleNote Touch, Brailliant devices, and APH 
Chameleon and MANTIS? Or will it be something completely new? This will 
determine how easy it will be to support in BRLTTY, since I doubt the protocol 
will be publically documented so figuring it out will likely involve some 
reverse engineering unless its exactly the same as the Dot Pad protocol. But 
whatever it is, I really hope the protocol will expose the entire 96 by 40 dot 
array, and not be limited only to displaying Braille.

Also, I don't mind that the device runs Android, with a few caveats. I think 
its useful to have a book reader, word processor, Braille editor, math editor, 
etc on the device itself, especially with the new Ebraille format being 
developed that will support including tactile graphics in Braille books, better 
navigation, and dynamic line length. Also, I think the ability to make graphs 
in KeyMath is an extremely useful feature, and its much easier to read a graph 
on the Monarch than to listen to an audio graph from Desmos or interpret a 
graph line by line on the BrailleNote Touch. You can also run third-party 
Android apps by side-loading APK files, and I was able to install F-Droid on it 
and install other apps from there. The experience is pretty good, since its 
still very responsive in third-party apps and the entire display is used. Space 
utilization could be better though, because often buttons will say "View 
unlabeled" before the actual label, or have the label duplicated, and it wo
 uld be nice if the layout of the Android screen could be replicated somehow, 
like if a toolbar of buttons at the top of the screen could be shown as one or 
two long lines in Braille. I also wish the API for apps displaying graphics was 
open so you could write apps that display things, but I suppose an app could 
always just generate a PDF and open it in the tactile viewer.

However, one thing that this device running Android raises a concern about is I 
really hope this device continues to be updated in the future. I had the 
original BrailleNote Touch, which ran Android 4.4, and it was never updated 
past that version. In fact, the software was never updated at all when the 
BrailleNote Touch Plus came out, and I think the BrailleNote Touch Plus is 
still on Android 8.1. I'm definitely glad the Monarch is on Android 13, since 
that will have good support for a while. My BrailleNote Touch also seemed to 
get slower over time, and become unresponsive and crash more often, and after a 
few years of use it was almost unusable even after a factory reset, and I've 
heard similar things from people who have the BrailleNote Touch Plus. I hope 
the Monarch doesn't end up like that.
Sent from my iPad
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