MK wrote:

While searching for "cubeful cubeless skill", I found this "paper"
by some Tilemachos Zoidis in an obscure "pre-print repository":

https://vixra.org/pdf/2409.0106v4.pdf

Vixra is somewhat obscure, but not that obscure. It is "arXiv" spelled backwards, where the arXiv is the standard preprint server for physics and mathematics. Although many academics are under the impression that anything can be posted to the arXiv, that's not true. The arXiv does not carry out the same level of peer review as scholarly journals do, but if you're a random person then you can't post to the arXiv unless you get some sufficiently reputable scholar to "endorse" you. Even then, the arXiv has a moderation team that reserves the right to reject submissions.

Vixra was founded by people who objected to the arXiv's policy and who wanted a forum where anybody could post their papers, without having to find an endorser or satisfy a team of moderators. While their idealism is understandable, in practice Vixra has become a junk heap of crackpot papers, interspersed with a few rare gems.

I have not spent more than a few minutes skimming the particular paper in question, but I would guess that he tried submitting it to the arXiv first and failed. If that's true, then I can understand why; the paper is not written in the scholarly style that the arXiv moderators are looking for. That does not mean that the paper lacks merit. My first instinct, without studying the paper in detail, is that the paper makes some interesting and valid observations, but is insufficiently systematic to be accepted for publication in a mathematics journal.

As for whether *any* backgammon paper has been published in a scholarly mathematical journal, the answer is yes, although I don't think there have been many. Among the most famous is the 1975 paper by Keeler and Spencer.

https://bkgm.com/articles/KeelerSpencer/OptimalDoublingInBackgammon/

Tim

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