Hey Andrew Yes, you read correctly, it is 602 million data points. I perhaps thought that I might had to shorten the amount of data points. I played around and the bram can comfortably handle 6020 data points and that still gives me a decent sine wave if I plot it.
I would I implement a lookup table for interest sake? Thanks for the help! I really appreciate it! Heystek > On 26 Nov 2021, at 16:02, Andrew van der Byl <avd...@gmail.com> wrote: > > Hi Heystek, > > It's a Friday afternoon so perhaps my eyes are deceiving me, but it looks > like you are wanting to store 602 million data points in BRAM? don't think > you are going to have too much luck with that. You could generate a > relatively fine grained cosine wave and only store the first 1/4 wave of it. > When doing the lookup you can reuse the values (essentially just flipping or > swapping to form the remaining 2nd,3rd and 4th quarters) as needed to form a > full waveform. To change frequency you scale your counter value to skip > lookup entries (so essentially you work through the lookup faster and hence > get a shorter period sinusoid). This way you will use far less memory and can > generate different frequencies with the same lookup table. Amplitude can be > scaled as needed. > > Hope this helps. > > Regards, > Andrew > > On Fri, Nov 26, 2021 at 3:49 PM Heystek Grobler <heystekgrob...@gmail.com > <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: > Hey Andrew > > Thank you so much for the explanation. > > Is there a way to get around it by using a similar kind of block? Or should I > rethink the sine wave that I generated that makes use of 602 000 000 data > points? > > Thanks for the help! > > Heystek > >> On 26 Nov 2021, at 15:46, Andrew Martens <and...@sarao.ac.za >> <mailto:and...@sarao.ac.za>> wrote: >> >> Hi Heystek >> >> Simulink has a maximum BRAM size of 64k (16 bits address size). A 32 bit >> address size would equate to 4G addresses, which is far larger than the >> amount of BRAM available in the FPGA. >> >> Regards >> Andrew >> >> On Fri, Nov 26, 2021 at 3:40 PM Heystek Grobler <heystekgrob...@gmail.com >> <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >> Hey everyone. >> >> I have one last question regarding the BRAM. For my application I need an >> address width of 32, but I get the error that the maximum allowable address >> width is 16. Is there away around this problem or a way to get the BRAM to >> use an address width of 32? >> >> Thanks for the help! >> >> Heystek >> >>> On 25 Nov 2021, at 21:28, Dan Werthimer <d...@ssl.berkeley.edu >>> <mailto:d...@ssl.berkeley.edu>> wrote: >>> >>> >>> hi morag. >>> >>> thanks for helping everyone. >>> >>> best wishes, >>> >>> dan >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> On Thu, Nov 25, 2021 at 11:25 AM Morag Brown <mbr...@sarao.ac.za >>> <mailto:mbr...@sarao.ac.za>> wrote: >>> Happy to help :) >>> >>> On Thu, Nov 25, 2021 at 9:19 PM Heystek Grobler <heystekgrob...@gmail.com >>> <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>> Hey Morag! >>> >>> Know I understand! >>> >>> It is working. >>> >>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 21.18.00.png> >>> >>> Thank you so much for the help!!! >>> >>> Heystek >>> >>>> On 25 Nov 2021, at 21:08, Morag Brown <mbr...@sarao.ac.za >>>> <mailto:mbr...@sarao.ac.za>> wrote: >>>> >>>> Hi Heystek, >>>> >>>> Great! >>>> >>>> I think Jack mentioned in an earlier email that the maximum number that >>>> can be represented by a <32,31> fixed point system is 1 - 2^-31. Reducing >>>> the magnitude of your sinusoid so that the peak value is below this >>>> maximum would work. Or alternatively, scaling your values by an amount >>>> less than 2^31 would have the same effect. >>>> >>>> Morag >>>> >>>> On Thu, Nov 25, 2021 at 8:59 PM Heystek Grobler <heystekgrob...@gmail.com >>>> <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>> Hey Morag >>>> >>>> That worked! >>>> >>>> When I read the packed sine wave from the BRAM, unpack it and plot it, I >>>> get this: >>>> >>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 20.56.16.png> >>>> >>>> I assume there is one data point that is causing problems at 1 or -1 that >>>> is overflowing? Any idea how I can fix that? >>>> >>>> Heystek >>>> >>>>> On 25 Nov 2021, at 20:22, Morag Brown <mbr...@sarao.ac.za >>>>> <mailto:mbr...@sarao.ac.za>> wrote: >>>>> >>>>> Hi Heystek, >>>>> >>>>> You would need to increase the BRAM depth to one that can store all your >>>>> data - currently, because the address width is 10, it can only store 2^10 >>>>> (1024) points and you're trying to write 6020. So you would need to >>>>> increase the address width to an appropriate size. >>>>> >>>>> Morag >>>>> >>>>> On Thu, Nov 25, 2021 at 8:05 PM Heystek Grobler <heystekgrob...@gmail.com >>>>> <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>> Hey Morag >>>>> >>>>> The BRAM has an address width 10 and a data width of 32. >>>>> >>>>> Should I increase it? >>>>> >>>>> Heystek >>>>> >>>>>> On 25 Nov 2021, at 19:52, Morag Brown <mbr...@sarao.ac.za >>>>>> <mailto:mbr...@sarao.ac.za>> wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>> Hi Heystek, >>>>>> >>>>>> How big is the BRAM in your design? Does it have enough space to >>>>>> accommodate the amount of data you're trying to write to it? >>>>>> >>>>>> Morag >>>>>> >>>>>> On Thu, Nov 25, 2021 at 6:59 PM Heystek Grobler >>>>>> <heystekgrob...@gmail.com <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>>> Hey Morag and Jack >>>>>> >>>>>> Thank you for the suggestions. >>>>>> >>>>>> I played around a little bit. if I create the sine wave the same as you >>>>>> Morag, then it works. I am able to write it to the bram, read it back >>>>>> from the bram, unpack it and get the same signal back. As soon as I use >>>>>> the sine wave that I require for my application, then it breaks again. >>>>>> >>>>>> Here is what I achieved using your sine wave Morag (ps iI changed my >>>>>> design to 32 bit): >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.49.04.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.49.34.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.49.58.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> When I use my sign wave, then it does not work: >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.55.45.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.56.02.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.56.14.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 18.56.43.png> >>>>>> >>>>>> The only thing that changed is the sine wave. is there something that I >>>>>> am missing? >>>>>> >>>>>> Thanks for the help! I really appreciate it! >>>>>> >>>>>> Heystek >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> On 25 Nov 2021, at 14:57, Morag Brown <mbr...@sarao.ac.za >>>>>>> <mailto:mbr...@sarao.ac.za>> wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I think that's because the functions used in both In[15] and In[16] do >>>>>>> the same thing. See the screenshots below to see what I mean. So you >>>>>>> construct the raw bytes data in In[15] and then try to pack that as an >>>>>>> integer in In]16}, which won't work because struct.pack('>i',A_y) >>>>>>> expects data of type int while you're actually giving it data of type >>>>>>> bytes. To pack the data using struct.pack() you would need to pass it >>>>>>> an int (or array of ints and tell it how many points you're packing). I >>>>>>> think (someone please correct me if I'm wrong) that you only need to do >>>>>>> one or the other to get the correct raw data to be written to BRAM. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> <Screenshot from 2021-11-25 14-55-29.png> >>>>>>> <Screenshot from 2021-11-25 14-55-39.png> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I also see you're scaling up by 2^31, but I think your BRAM is data >>>>>>> width is 16 bits, so you'd likely want to scale by 2^15? >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Morag >>>>>>> >>>>>>> On Thu, Nov 25, 2021 at 12:46 PM Heystek Grobler >>>>>>> <heystekgrob...@gmail.com <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>>>> Hey Jack and Morag >>>>>>> >>>>>>> thank you for the advice and help! i am still getting errors and is >>>>>>> stuck. Below is the new errors: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 12.41.43.png> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> <Screenshot 2021-11-25 at 12.42.53.png> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I have also attached the new script I am working on. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Could it be that I am generating the sine wave incorrectly? I have >>>>>>> about 600 000 000 points that I am working with. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I keep getting “cannot convert argument to integer when running >>>>>>> struct.pack. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Thanks for the help! >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Heystek >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> On 23 Nov 2021, at 14:31, Jack Hickish <jackhick...@gmail.com >>>>>>>> <mailto:jackhick...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Hi Heystek, >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Assuming your BRAM is set for 32-bit wide, you probably want to be >>>>>>>> writing the values with 31 bits below the binary point -- i.e. >>>>>>>> normalized to the range [-1, 1) (aka simulink FIx32_31). In this case >>>>>>>> the packed values would be: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> struct.pack('>i', int(floating_point_sine_value * 2**31)) >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Though, be careful, because +1.0 isn't included in this number >>>>>>>> representation (the maximum is 1 - 2**-31) , so you might want to >>>>>>>> include some saturation logic (or scale up by a value less than 2**31). >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> For what it's worth, you can pack an entire numpy array with: >>>>>>>> floating_point_numpy_array.astype('>i').tobytes() ,which saves looping >>>>>>>> and appending to a binary string. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Does that help? >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Cheers >>>>>>>> Jack >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> On Mon, 22 Nov 2021 at 18:10, Heystek Grobler >>>>>>>> <heystekgrob...@gmail.com <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>>>>> Hey Jack >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> I am also well thank you. We are starting to go back to the >>>>>>>> observatory (HartRAO) again. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Here is a snippets of the python code that I am using as well as my >>>>>>>> simulink design: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> The first nipped is where I create the sine wave: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> The second snipped is where I plot the sine wave: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> The third snipped is where I pack the sine wave array: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> The fourth snipped is where I write the packed data to the BRAM: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Snipped 5 is where I want to use the sine wave and cosine wave: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> But to check that it is working, I have created the simple design in >>>>>>>> snipped 6: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> I have also attached my simulink design and python script. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Thank you for the help! >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Heystek >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> On 22 Nov 2021, at 18:55, Jack Hickish <jackhick...@gmail.com >>>>>>>>> <mailto:jackhick...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> Hi Heystek, >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> All good here (in London), Thanks. Hope things are going ok with you >>>>>>>>> too! >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> I've taken this back on list for the benefit of others. Do you have: >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> a) a snippet of some python code which you're using at the moment >>>>>>>>> b) A Simulink snippet of the BRAM you're trying to write to, >>>>>>>>> indicating how the bram is configured and how its data are being used? >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> Cheers >>>>>>>>> Jack >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> On Mon, 22 Nov 2021 at 16:52, Heystek Grobler >>>>>>>>> <heystekgrob...@gmail.com <mailto:heystekgrob...@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>>>>>>> Hey Jack >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> How are you? It has been a while since we last spoke. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> I am really struggling to pack data into binary format for my design. >>>>>>>>> I was wondering if you have time if you can please help me with it. I >>>>>>>>> have no clue if what i am doing is correct and there is no one around >>>>>>>>> me with the knowledge to help me. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> All that I want to do is too pack a sine wave that I already >>>>>>>>> generated, and write it to a BRAM. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> I hope to hear from you soon! >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> Heystek >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> -- >>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>> Groups "casper@lists.berkeley.edu <mailto:casper@lists.berkeley.edu>" >>>>>>> group. >>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send >>>>>>> an email to casper+unsubscr...@lists.berkeley.edu >>>>>>> <mailto:casper+unsubscr...@lists.berkeley.edu>. >>>>>>> To view this discussion on the web visit >>>>>>> https://groups.google.com/a/lists.berkeley.edu/d/msgid/casper/8791F6EA-204B-4BCC-B0DC-3CAD3D928A05%40gmail.com >>>>>>> >>>>>>> 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