Hi all,

Thanks very much for your inputs! A few points to respond to:

>From Randy:
> if the current geostationary projection parameters are deprecated, I would be 
> very surprised if the products for the yet to be launched GOES-R series 
> satellites (T and U) will reflect any changes you are proposing.

I understand, this is an issue that's present with all of the major satellite 
data producers. I do not intend to deprecate anything, but rather to provide 
clarifications so that implementing things are easier.

@steingod thanks for chiming in as well, it's very much appreciated.

# TLDR
I myself have sought further clarification of the issue with one of our optical 
imager engineers @ameraner who has been kind enough to delve deep into the 
details of how `sweep_angle_axis` and `fixed_angle_axis` are used. I think that 
the issue can in fact be resolved not by adding additional attributes, but 
rather by clarifying in the notes how these axes are used. [PROJ probably has 
the best documentation on 
this](https://github.com/OSGeo/PROJ/blob/master/docs/source/operations/projections/geos.rst)
 - concise and understandable - and I believe that CF would profit from similar 
clarity in the notes.

I'll propose specific changes to the notes in a TBW PR, but surgery on the 
Conventions needs care and so I'm summarising the specifics of the issue below.

# Nuts and bolts
[As nicely described by 
PROJ](https://github.com/OSGeo/PROJ/blob/master/docs/source/operations/projections/geos.rst)
 the geostationary projection works using a gimbal model of an observation 
point's viewing angle, like thus:
![Conceptual gimbal used by 
Meteosat](https://github.com/OSGeo/PROJ/raw/master/docs/images/geos_sweep.png)

Some terms:
**Sweep-angle axis**: This is the outer-gimbal axis, the one whose axis is 
aligned with the "base" in the figure. If you imagine this as the Earth, its 
equator always describes the same great circle.
**Fixed-angle axis**: This is the inner-gimbal axis, the one whose axis is 
attached to the "equator" of the outer-gimbal circle. Therefore its "equator" 
describes a different great circle depending on the position of the outer 
gimbal.

As you can see, the definitions could be considered counterintuitive but 
they're widely adopted and there's no reason to (try to) change them.

The important thing to note is that even if you know the azimuth and elevation 
of a given point, you also have to know which axis is aligned with the 
conceptual outer and inner gimbal. Order of operations matters in this case. 
_This contradicts what I was asserting earlier_ and has led to implementation 
difficulties, not because the attributes are incorrect, but rather because they 
require some mental gymnastics to parse.

The solution is to clarify a few things in the notes:
- How the axes correspond to a gimbal view, as this has confused developers
- That the y-axis (in existing implementations, and probably for the 
foreseeable future) aligns with N/S and the x-axis aligns with E/W. This is 
true in practice but is not specified in our description.

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