@Dave-Allured, thank you for your response. As you say the issue can be avoided 
by using a reference time after 1582, which is fine for end users who can 
choose the reference time. However, I think the situation for the developers of 
generic software which uses NetCDF is still unresolved, because they don't have 
a concrete guidance on how to use these reference times. My proposal would be 
to add text to the CF Conventions saying how negative years should be 
interpreted, even if it is something as short as:

"When the year of the reference time is negative, year 0 is not counted in 
calculations involving this reference time."

(or a similar statement), appended to the second paragraph of Section [4.4. 
Time 
Coordinate](http://cfconventions.org/cf-conventions/cf-conventions.html#time-coordinate).

To answer your question, I write relatively generic software for use with 
climate observations and climate modeling, which doesn't know what time range 
is going to be used by the user. I prefer to use Julian date everywhere in my 
code because it makes it easy to perform any calculations when all time 
variables have the same reference time. It would be great if NetCDF had a good 
support for this use case.

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