When I explain to new Clojurists what the ! means, I explain that it calls
attention to a mutation function that is unsafe to call inside a
transaction.  Many programmers coming from Scheme are used to thinking of !
as meaning *anything* involving mutation, but that's not the case in the
Clojure.  This more subtle distinction (that it needs to be unsafe in a
transaction) clarifies why swap! has an exclamation point, but ref-set does
not, even though both involve mutation.

Assuming my description of Clojure's use of ! is correct (and if I'm wrong
and am not thinking of some important counterexample, please let me know),
then it doesn't really make sense for volatile to be called volatile!.
Yes, volatiles are less safe than atoms, but the creation of the volatile
itself is perfectly fine to occur in a transation.  Only vswap! and vreset!
require the exclamation point.

I'd go one step further and question why we need new names vswap! and
vreset!, when swap! and reset! are perfectly clear and sufficient.  As
Clojure has become increasingly interface and protocol-driven, it makes
less and less sense to have a proliferation of function names for the same
behavior on different underlying objects.  vswap!, for example, is exactly
the semantics you'd expect if you overloaded swap!, describing it as a
function that can be applied to both atoms and volatiles, where volatiles
are the more thread-unsafe, less atomic, alternative, because that's the
nature of the underlying box.

--Mark

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