tjbanghart commented on code in PR #4658:
URL: https://github.com/apache/calcite/pull/4658#discussion_r2583790673


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core/src/test/java/org/apache/calcite/test/enumerable/EnumerableCombineTest.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.calcite.test.enumerable;
+
+import org.apache.calcite.adapter.java.ReflectiveSchema;
+import org.apache.calcite.config.CalciteConnectionProperty;
+import org.apache.calcite.config.Lex;
+import org.apache.calcite.test.CalciteAssert;
+import org.apache.calcite.test.schemata.hr.HrSchema;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link 
org.apache.calcite.adapter.enumerable.EnumerableCombine}.
+ */
+class EnumerableCombineTest {
+
+  /**
+   * Test that executes two simple queries combined.
+   * Query 1: Select employee names from department 10
+   * Query 2: Select department names
+   *
+   * <p>The Combine operator returns results in a structured format where each
+   * query's results are grouped: {@code QUERY_0={...}; QUERY_1={...}}
+   */
+  @Test void testCombineTwoQueries() {
+    tester(new HrSchema())
+        .withRel(
+            builder -> {
+              // Query 1: SELECT name FROM emps WHERE deptno = 10
+              builder.scan("s", "emps")
+                  .filter(
+                      builder.equals(
+                          builder.field("deptno"),
+                          builder.literal(10)))
+                  .project(builder.field("name"));
+
+              // Query 2: SELECT name FROM depts
+              builder.scan("s", "depts")
+                  .project(builder.field("name"));
+
+              // Combine both queries
+              return builder.combine(2).build();
+            })
+        .returnsUnordered(

Review Comment:
   Good questions, I've updated the PR so `Combine` now returns one row per 
input query. Each row holds an array of maps, where each map represents a row 
from that query with column names as keys. 
   
   We are constrained by JDBC's limitations of returning a single result set 
per query but this would allow iterating over individual query results with 
`resultSet.next()` and then iterating over each query's results via the array.
   
   For example, combining: 
   `SELECT name FROM depts;` 
   and 
   `SELECT empid, name, deptno FROM emps WHERE deptno = 10;`
   
   Yields: 
   ```
   -- Row 1
   QUERY=[
      {name=Sales}, 
      {name=Marketing}, 
      {name=HR}
   ],
   -- Row 2
   QUERY=[
      {empid=100, name=Bill, deptno=10}, 
      {empid=150, name=Sebastian, deptno=10} , 
      {empid=110, name=Theodore, deptno=10}
   ]
   ```
   Later, we should probably allow for aliases for queries so they don't have 
the generic `QUERY` column label but that may be more challenging (see the 
syntax for `MULTI`  described in 
[CALCITE-6188](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-6188)).
   



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