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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-13265?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=15897641#comment-15897641
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Christian Esken commented on CASSANDRA-13265:
---------------------------------------------

I have one question about a code fragment. When the socket is not available the 
backlog is cleared, but no drops are counted. Looks like an omission to me, or 
is it intentional? {{dropped.addAndGet(backlog.size(); )}} would be an 
approximation. We likely cannot get closer as {{backlog.clear();}} does not 
tell how much elements were removed.

{code}
                    if (qm.isTimedOut())
                        dropped.incrementAndGet();
                    else if (socket != null || connect())
                        writeConnected(qm, count == 1 && backlog.isEmpty());
                    else
                    {
                        // clear out the queue, else gossip messages back up.
                        drainedMessages.clear();
                        // dropped.addAndGet(backlog.size()); //  TODO Should 
dropped statistics be counted in this case?
                        backlog.clear();
                        break inner;
                    }
{code}

> Expiration in OutboundTcpConnection can block the reader Thread
> ---------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: CASSANDRA-13265
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-13265
>             Project: Cassandra
>          Issue Type: Bug
>         Environment: Cassandra 3.0.9
> Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM version 25.112-b15 (Java version 
> 1.8.0_112-b15)
> Linux 3.16
>            Reporter: Christian Esken
>            Assignee: Christian Esken
>         Attachments: cassandra.pb-cache4-dus.2017-02-17-19-36-26.chist.xz, 
> cassandra.pb-cache4-dus.2017-02-17-19-36-26.td.xz
>
>
> I observed that sometimes a single node in a Cassandra cluster fails to 
> communicate to the other nodes. This can happen at any time, during peak load 
> or low load. Restarting that single node from the cluster fixes the issue.
> Before going in to details, I want to state that I have analyzed the 
> situation and am already developing a possible fix. Here is the analysis so 
> far:
> - A Threaddump in this situation showed  324 Threads in the 
> OutboundTcpConnection class that want to lock the backlog queue for doing 
> expiration.
> - A class histogram shows 262508 instances of 
> OutboundTcpConnection$QueuedMessage.
> What is the effect of it? As soon as the Cassandra node has reached a certain 
> amount of queued messages, it starts thrashing itself to death. Each of the 
> Thread fully locks the Queue for reading and writing by calling 
> iterator.next(), making the situation worse and worse.
> - Writing: Only after 262508 locking operation it can progress with actually 
> writing to the Queue.
> - Reading: Is also blocked, as 324 Threads try to do iterator.next(), and 
> fully lock the Queue
> This means: Writing blocks the Queue for reading, and readers might even be 
> starved which makes the situation even worse.
> -----
> The setup is:
>  - 3-node cluster
>  - replication factor 2
>  - Consistency LOCAL_ONE
>  - No remote DC's
>  - high write throughput (100000 INSERT statements per second and more during 
> peak times).
>  



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