Fly-Style commented on code in PR #18819:
URL: https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/18819#discussion_r2619419631


##########
indexing-service/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/indexing/seekablestream/supervisor/SeekableStreamSupervisor.java:
##########
@@ -4381,6 +4371,36 @@ public ConcurrentHashMap<PartitionIdType, 
SequenceOffsetType> getPartitionOffset
     return partitionOffsets;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Calculates the average poll-idle-ratio metric across all active tasks.
+   * This metric indicates how much time the consumer spends idle waiting for 
data.
+   *
+   * @return the average poll-idle-ratio across all tasks, or 1 (full idle) if 
no tasks or metrics are available
+   */
+  public double getPollIdleRatioMetric()
+  {
+    Map<String, Map<String, Object>> taskMetrics = getStats();
+    if (taskMetrics.isEmpty()) {
+      return 1.;
+    }
+
+    double sum = 0;
+    int count = 0;
+    for (Map<String, Object> groupMetrics : taskMetrics.values()) {
+      for (Object taskMetric : groupMetrics.values()) {
+        if (taskMetric instanceof Map) {
+          Object pollIdleRatio = ((Map<?, ?>) taskMetric).get("pollIdleRatio");

Review Comment:
   
https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/18819/commits/3cda48a34137ff82621b5b8dbef48d902163dceb



##########
indexing-service/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/indexing/seekablestream/SeekableStreamIndexTaskRunner.java:
##########
@@ -1662,6 +1664,9 @@ public Map<String, Object> doGetRowStats()
 
     returnMap.put("movingAverages", averagesMap);
     returnMap.put("totals", totalsMap);
+    if (this.recordSupplier != null) {
+      returnMap.put("pollIdleRatio", 
this.recordSupplier.getPollIdleRatioMetric());

Review Comment:
   
https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/18819/commits/3cda48a34137ff82621b5b8dbef48d902163dceb



##########
indexing-service/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/indexing/seekablestream/supervisor/autoscaler/CostBasedAutoScaler.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.druid.indexing.seekablestream.supervisor.autoscaler;
+
+import org.apache.druid.indexing.overlord.supervisor.SupervisorSpec;
+import org.apache.druid.indexing.overlord.supervisor.autoscaler.LagStats;
+import 
org.apache.druid.indexing.overlord.supervisor.autoscaler.SupervisorTaskAutoScaler;
+import 
org.apache.druid.indexing.seekablestream.supervisor.SeekableStreamSupervisor;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.concurrent.Execs;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.emitter.EmittingLogger;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.emitter.service.ServiceEmitter;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.emitter.service.ServiceMetricEvent;
+import org.apache.druid.query.DruidMetrics;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+/**
+ * Cost-based auto-scaler for seekable stream supervisors.
+ * Uses a cost function combining lag and idle time metrics to determine 
optimal task counts.
+ * Task counts are selected from predefined values (not arbitrary factors).
+ * Scale-up happens incrementally, scale-down only during task rollover.
+ */
+public class CostBasedAutoScaler implements SupervisorTaskAutoScaler
+{
+  private static final EmittingLogger log = new 
EmittingLogger(CostBasedAutoScaler.class);
+
+  private static final int SCALE_FACTOR_DISCRETE_DISTANCE = 2;
+  public static final String OPTIMAL_TASK_COUNT_METRIC = 
"task/autoScaler/costBased/optimalTaskCount";
+
+  private static final Map<Integer, int[]> FACTORS_CACHE = new 
LinkedHashMap<>();
+  private static final int FACTORS_CACHE_MAX_SIZE = 10; // Enough for most 
scenarios, almost capacity * loadFactor.
+
+  private final String supervisorId;
+  private final SeekableStreamSupervisor supervisor;
+  private final ServiceEmitter emitter;
+  private final SupervisorSpec spec;
+  private final CostBasedAutoScalerConfig config;
+  private final ServiceMetricEvent.Builder metricBuilder;
+  /**
+   * Atomic reference to CostMetrics object. All operations must be performed
+   * with sequentially consistent semantics (volatile reads/writes).
+   * However, it may be fine-tuned with acquire/release semantics,
+   * but requires careful reasoning about correctness.
+   */
+  private final AtomicReference<CostMetrics> currentMetrics;
+  private final ScheduledExecutorService autoscalerExecutor;
+  private final WeightedCostFunction costFunction;
+
+  public CostBasedAutoScaler(
+      SeekableStreamSupervisor supervisor,
+      CostBasedAutoScalerConfig config,
+      SupervisorSpec spec,
+      ServiceEmitter emitter
+  )
+  {
+    this.config = config;
+    this.spec = spec;
+    this.supervisor = supervisor;
+    this.supervisorId = spec.getId();
+    this.emitter = emitter;
+
+    this.currentMetrics = new AtomicReference<>(null);
+    this.costFunction = new WeightedCostFunction();
+
+    this.autoscalerExecutor = 
Execs.scheduledSingleThreaded(StringUtils.encodeForFormat(spec.getId()));
+    this.metricBuilder = ServiceMetricEvent.builder()
+                                           
.setDimension(DruidMetrics.DATASOURCE, supervisorId)
+                                           .setDimension(
+                                               DruidMetrics.STREAM,
+                                               
this.supervisor.getIoConfig().getStream()
+                                           );
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void start()
+  {
+    Callable<Integer> scaleAction = () -> 
computeOptimalTaskCount(currentMetrics);
+    Runnable onSuccessfulScale = () -> currentMetrics.set(null);
+
+    autoscalerExecutor.scheduleAtFixedRate(
+        this::collectMetrics,
+        config.getMetricsCollectionIntervalMillis(),
+        config.getMetricsCollectionIntervalMillis(),
+        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS
+    );
+
+    autoscalerExecutor.scheduleAtFixedRate(
+        supervisor.buildDynamicAllocationTask(scaleAction, onSuccessfulScale, 
emitter),
+        config.getScaleActionStartDelayMillis(),
+        config.getScaleActionPeriodMillis(),
+        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS
+    );
+
+    log.info(
+        "CostBasedAutoScaler started for dataSource [%s]: collecting metrics 
every [%d]ms, "
+        + "evaluating scaling every [%d]ms",
+        supervisorId,
+        config.getMetricsCollectionIntervalMillis(),
+        config.getScaleActionPeriodMillis()
+    );
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void stop()
+  {
+    autoscalerExecutor.shutdownNow();
+    log.info("CostBasedAutoScaler stopped for dataSource [%s]", supervisorId);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void reset()
+  {
+    currentMetrics.set(null);
+  }
+
+  private void collectMetrics()
+  {
+    if (spec.isSuspended()) {
+      log.debug("Supervisor [%s] is suspended, skipping a metrics collection", 
supervisorId);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    final LagStats lagStats = supervisor.computeLagStats();
+    if (lagStats == null) {
+      log.debug("Lag stats unavailable for dataSource [%s], skipping 
collection", supervisorId);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    final int currentTaskCount = supervisor.getIoConfig().getTaskCount();
+    final int partitionCount = supervisor.getPartitionCount();
+    final double pollIdleRatio = supervisor.getPollIdleRatioMetric();
+
+    currentMetrics.set(
+        new CostMetrics(
+            lagStats.getAvgLag(),
+            currentTaskCount,
+            partitionCount,
+            pollIdleRatio
+        )
+    );
+
+    log.debug("Collected metrics for dataSource [%s]", supervisorId);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return optimal task count, or -1 if no scaling action needed
+   */
+  public int computeOptimalTaskCount(AtomicReference<CostMetrics> 
currentMetricsRef)

Review Comment:
   
https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/18819/commits/3cda48a34137ff82621b5b8dbef48d902163dceb



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