FrankChen021 commented on code in PR #20183:
URL: https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/20183#discussion_r3964483517


##########
docs/querying/sql-metadata-tables.md:
##########
@@ -135,10 +135,58 @@ WHERE "IS_AGGREGATOR" = 'YES'
 The "sys" schema provides visibility into Druid segments, servers and tasks.
 
 :::info
- Note: "sys" tables do not currently support Druid-specific functions like 
`TIME_PARSE` and
- `APPROX_QUANTILE_DS`. Only standard SQL functions can be used.
+ By default, "sys" tables use the SQL-layer execution path and support only 
standard SQL functions. You can enable
+ [native query execution](#native-query-execution) for supported system 
tables, which enables expressions and
+ aggregations that the native SQL engine can translate.
 :::
 
+### Native query execution
+
+The native SQL engine can plan supported system tables as native datasources. 
To enable this behavior for a query, set
+`useNativeQueryForSystemTables` to `true` in the SQL query context:
+
+```json
+{
+  "query": "SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT task_id) FROM sys.tasks",
+  "context": {
+    "useNativeQueryForSystemTables": true
+  }
+}
+```
+
+For clients that support setting query context parameters with SQL statements, 
you can enable native system-table
+execution with `SET`:
+
+```sql
+SET useNativeQueryForSystemTables = 'true';
+SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT datasource) FROM sys.tasks;
+```
+
+Native system-table execution is available when the resolved SQL engine is 
`native`. You don't need to explicitly set
+the `engine` context parameter when `native` is already the default engine. 
The following tables support native query
+execution:
+
+|Table|Source of rows|
+|-----|--------------|
+|[`sys.tasks`](#tasks-table)|The Overlord that owns task state. Supported 
filters are pushed into task storage when the configured task storage 
implementation supports filter pushdown.|
+|[`sys.server_properties`](#server_properties-table)|The Druid server 
processes discovered in the cluster. Filters on `server` and `service_name` can 
avoid reading properties from nodes that don't match.|
+
+After Druid retrieves the system-table rows, the native engine applies the 
remaining filters, expressions,
+aggregations, sorting, and result processing. A system table that doesn't 
advertise native query support continues to
+use its existing SQL-layer execution path, even when 
`useNativeQueryForSystemTables` is `true`.
+
+Native system-table queries sent to the Router use distributed Broker 
execution by default. To execute a native
+system-table Scan against only the contacted node, set the HTTP header
+`X-Druid-Native-Query-Route: local`. Local execution uses the authenticated 
request identity and applies the table's
+authorization rules. The Broker uses the same header for remote node fan-out 
requests. If the Broker itself is
+one of the selected nodes, it executes that node Scan in-process without an 
HTTP request. The header
+controls routing and doesn't grant additional permissions.
+
+The parameter defaults to `false`. During a rolling upgrade, leave it disabled 
until the Broker and all nodes
+that serve the native system tables have been upgraded. After the upgrade, you 
can enable it by query or set
+`druid.query.default.context.useNativeQueryForSystemTables=true` on Brokers as 
the cluster-wide default. For more
+information, see [SQL query context](sql-query-context.md).

Review Comment:
   Addressed on this PR branch: the default and rolling-upgrade guidance now 
follows the native-planning/fallback explanation, before the route-header 
paragraph.



##########
embedded-tests/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/testing/embedded/query/NativeSysTasksQueryTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.query;
+
+import org.apache.druid.indexing.common.task.NoopTask;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.druid.query.QueryContexts;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.PlannerContext;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.run.NativeSqlEngine;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedBroker;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedCoordinator;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedDruidCluster;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedIndexer;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedOverlord;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.junit5.EmbeddedClusterTestBase;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+public class NativeSysTasksQueryTest extends EmbeddedClusterTestBase
+{
+  private static final String TASK_PREFIX = "native_sys_mvp_";
+
+  private final EmbeddedOverlord overlord = new EmbeddedOverlord();
+  private final EmbeddedBroker broker = new EmbeddedBroker();
+
+  @Override
+  protected EmbeddedDruidCluster createCluster()
+  {
+    return EmbeddedDruidCluster.withEmbeddedDerbyAndZookeeper()
+                               .useLatchableEmitter()
+                               .addServer(new EmbeddedCoordinator())
+                               .addServer(new EmbeddedIndexer()
+                                              
.addProperty("druid.worker.capacity", "5"))
+                               .addServer(overlord)
+                               .addServer(broker);
+  }
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  public void createTasks()
+  {
+    createTasks("a", "native_sys_a", 2);
+    createTasks("b", "native_sys_b", 3);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testGroupByUsesOverlordProvider(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT datasource, COUNT(*) "
+        + "FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "WHERE task_id = 'native_sys_mvp_a_0' AND datasource = 
'native_sys_a' "
+        + "GROUP BY datasource",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    final Set<String> rows = 
Arrays.stream(result.split("\\n")).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+    Assertions.assertEquals(Set.of("native_sys_a,1"), rows);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testNativeAggregationsSupportDistinctCount(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*), COUNT(DISTINCT task_id), COUNT(DISTINCT datasource), 
SUM(1) "
+        + "FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5,5,2,5", result);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies execution when native planning represents the inner aggregation 
as a query datasource.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT COUNT(*)
+   * FROM
+   * (
+   *   SELECT
+   *     task_id,
+   *     COUNT(*) AS task_count
+   *   FROM sys.tasks
+   *   WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')
+   *   GROUP BY task_id
+   * )
+   * WHERE task_count > 0
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testNestedTaskAggregation(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*) "
+        + "FROM ("
+        + "  SELECT task_id, COUNT(*) AS task_count "
+        + "  FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "  WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b') "
+        + "  GROUP BY task_id"
+        + ") "
+        + "WHERE task_count > 0",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5", result);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies that an outer aggregation can consume grouped rows from a native 
system-table subquery.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT SUM(task_count)
+   * FROM
+   * (
+   *   SELECT
+   *     datasource,
+   *     COUNT(*) AS task_count
+   *   FROM sys.tasks
+   *   WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')
+   *   GROUP BY datasource
+   * )
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testOuterAggregationOverTaskSubquery(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT SUM(task_count) "
+        + "FROM ("
+        + "  SELECT datasource, COUNT(*) AS task_count "
+        + "  FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "  WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b') "
+        + "  GROUP BY datasource"
+        + ")",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5", result);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testInAndOrFilters(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "task_id IN ('native_sys_mvp_a_0', 'native_sys_mvp_b_2') "
+        + "OR task_id = 'native_sys_mvp_missing'",
+        Set.of("native_sys_mvp_a_0", "native_sys_mvp_b_2"),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testRangeAndLikeFilters(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "task_id >= 'native_sys_mvp_b_0' "
+        + "AND task_id < 'native_sys_mvp_b_2' "
+        + "AND task_id LIKE 'native_sys_mvp_b_%'",
+        Set.of("native_sys_mvp_b_0", "native_sys_mvp_b_1"),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies that expression virtual columns required by a pushed node filter 
are preserved.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT task_id
+   * FROM sys.tasks
+   * WHERE UPPER(task_id) = 'NATIVE_SYS_MVP_A_0'
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testExpressionFilterPreservesVirtualColumn(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "UPPER(task_id) = 'NATIVE_SYS_MVP_A_0'",
+        Set.of("native_sys_mvp_a_0"),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testNegatedLikeFilter(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "datasource = 'native_sys_b' AND task_id NOT LIKE '%b_2'",
+        Set.of("native_sys_mvp_b_0", "native_sys_mvp_b_1"),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testStatusLikeFilterRemainsForResidualEvaluation(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "task_id LIKE 'native_sys_mvp_%' AND status LIKE '%'",
+        Set.of(
+            "native_sys_mvp_a_0",
+            "native_sys_mvp_a_1",
+            "native_sys_mvp_b_0",
+            "native_sys_mvp_b_1",
+            "native_sys_mvp_b_2"
+        ),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testWebConsoleTasksQueryUsesOverlordProvider(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "WITH tasks AS (SELECT\n"
+        + "  \"task_id\", \"group_id\", \"type\", \"datasource\", 
\"created_time\", \"location\", "
+        + "\"duration\", \"error_msg\",\n"
+        + "  CASE WHEN \"error_msg\" IN ('Shutdown request from user', "
+        + "'Canceled: Query canceled by user or by task shutdown.') THEN 
'CANCELED' "
+        + "WHEN \"status\" = 'RUNNING' THEN \"runner_status\" ELSE \"status\" 
END AS \"status\"\n"

Review Comment:
   Added a 100,000-task JMH benchmark in FrankChen021/druid#198. The full-list 
case uses the Web Console query as the representative workload, and the PR 
description highlights the measured Bindable-versus-native results.



##########
embedded-tests/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/testing/embedded/query/NativeSysTasksQueryTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.query;
+
+import org.apache.druid.indexing.common.task.NoopTask;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.druid.query.QueryContexts;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.PlannerContext;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.run.NativeSqlEngine;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedBroker;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedCoordinator;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedDruidCluster;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedIndexer;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedOverlord;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.junit5.EmbeddedClusterTestBase;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+public class NativeSysTasksQueryTest extends EmbeddedClusterTestBase
+{
+  private static final String TASK_PREFIX = "native_sys_mvp_";
+
+  private final EmbeddedOverlord overlord = new EmbeddedOverlord();
+  private final EmbeddedBroker broker = new EmbeddedBroker();
+
+  @Override
+  protected EmbeddedDruidCluster createCluster()
+  {
+    return EmbeddedDruidCluster.withEmbeddedDerbyAndZookeeper()
+                               .useLatchableEmitter()
+                               .addServer(new EmbeddedCoordinator())
+                               .addServer(new EmbeddedIndexer()
+                                              
.addProperty("druid.worker.capacity", "5"))
+                               .addServer(overlord)
+                               .addServer(broker);
+  }
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  public void createTasks()
+  {
+    createTasks("a", "native_sys_a", 2);
+    createTasks("b", "native_sys_b", 3);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testGroupByUsesOverlordProvider(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT datasource, COUNT(*) "
+        + "FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "WHERE task_id = 'native_sys_mvp_a_0' AND datasource = 
'native_sys_a' "
+        + "GROUP BY datasource",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    final Set<String> rows = 
Arrays.stream(result.split("\\n")).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+    Assertions.assertEquals(Set.of("native_sys_a,1"), rows);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testNativeAggregationsSupportDistinctCount(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*), COUNT(DISTINCT task_id), COUNT(DISTINCT datasource), 
SUM(1) "
+        + "FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5,5,2,5", result);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies execution when native planning represents the inner aggregation 
as a query datasource.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT COUNT(*)
+   * FROM
+   * (
+   *   SELECT
+   *     task_id,
+   *     COUNT(*) AS task_count
+   *   FROM sys.tasks
+   *   WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')
+   *   GROUP BY task_id
+   * )
+   * WHERE task_count > 0
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testNestedTaskAggregation(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*) "
+        + "FROM ("
+        + "  SELECT task_id, COUNT(*) AS task_count "
+        + "  FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "  WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b') "
+        + "  GROUP BY task_id"
+        + ") "
+        + "WHERE task_count > 0",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5", result);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies that an outer aggregation can consume grouped rows from a native 
system-table subquery.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT SUM(task_count)
+   * FROM
+   * (
+   *   SELECT
+   *     datasource,
+   *     COUNT(*) AS task_count
+   *   FROM sys.tasks
+   *   WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')
+   *   GROUP BY datasource
+   * )
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testOuterAggregationOverTaskSubquery(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT SUM(task_count) "
+        + "FROM ("
+        + "  SELECT datasource, COUNT(*) AS task_count "
+        + "  FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "  WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b') "
+        + "  GROUP BY datasource"
+        + ")",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5", result);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testInAndOrFilters(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "task_id IN ('native_sys_mvp_a_0', 'native_sys_mvp_b_2') "
+        + "OR task_id = 'native_sys_mvp_missing'",
+        Set.of("native_sys_mvp_a_0", "native_sys_mvp_b_2"),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testRangeAndLikeFilters(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    assertTaskFilterQuery(
+        "task_id >= 'native_sys_mvp_b_0' "
+        + "AND task_id < 'native_sys_mvp_b_2' "
+        + "AND task_id LIKE 'native_sys_mvp_b_%'",
+        Set.of("native_sys_mvp_b_0", "native_sys_mvp_b_1"),
+        plannerStrategy
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies that expression virtual columns required by a pushed node filter 
are preserved.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT task_id
+   * FROM sys.tasks
+   * WHERE UPPER(task_id) = 'NATIVE_SYS_MVP_A_0'
+   * }</pre>
+   */

Review Comment:
   Addressed in the stacked  PR: the repeated SQL Javadocs in this test were 
removed. See FrankChen021/druid#198.



##########
embedded-tests/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/testing/embedded/query/NativeSysTasksQueryTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.query;
+
+import org.apache.druid.indexing.common.task.NoopTask;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.druid.query.QueryContexts;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.PlannerContext;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.run.NativeSqlEngine;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedBroker;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedCoordinator;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedDruidCluster;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedIndexer;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.EmbeddedOverlord;
+import org.apache.druid.testing.embedded.junit5.EmbeddedClusterTestBase;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+public class NativeSysTasksQueryTest extends EmbeddedClusterTestBase
+{
+  private static final String TASK_PREFIX = "native_sys_mvp_";
+
+  private final EmbeddedOverlord overlord = new EmbeddedOverlord();
+  private final EmbeddedBroker broker = new EmbeddedBroker();
+
+  @Override
+  protected EmbeddedDruidCluster createCluster()
+  {
+    return EmbeddedDruidCluster.withEmbeddedDerbyAndZookeeper()
+                               .useLatchableEmitter()
+                               .addServer(new EmbeddedCoordinator())
+                               .addServer(new EmbeddedIndexer()
+                                              
.addProperty("druid.worker.capacity", "5"))
+                               .addServer(overlord)
+                               .addServer(broker);
+  }
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  public void createTasks()
+  {
+    createTasks("a", "native_sys_a", 2);
+    createTasks("b", "native_sys_b", 3);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testGroupByUsesOverlordProvider(final String plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT datasource, COUNT(*) "
+        + "FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "WHERE task_id = 'native_sys_mvp_a_0' AND datasource = 
'native_sys_a' "
+        + "GROUP BY datasource",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    final Set<String> rows = 
Arrays.stream(result.split("\\n")).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+    Assertions.assertEquals(Set.of("native_sys_a,1"), rows);
+  }
+
+  @ParameterizedTest(name = "plannerStrategy = {0}")
+  @ValueSource(strings = {
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_COUPLED,
+      QueryContexts.NATIVE_QUERY_SQL_PLANNING_MODE_DECOUPLED
+  })
+  public void testNativeAggregationsSupportDistinctCount(final String 
plannerStrategy)
+  {
+    final String result = cluster.runSql(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*), COUNT(DISTINCT task_id), COUNT(DISTINCT datasource), 
SUM(1) "
+        + "FROM sys.tasks "
+        + "WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')",
+        nativeQueryContext(plannerStrategy)
+    );
+
+    Assertions.assertEquals("5,5,2,5", result);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies execution when native planning represents the inner aggregation 
as a query datasource.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   * SELECT COUNT(*)
+   * FROM
+   * (
+   *   SELECT
+   *     task_id,
+   *     COUNT(*) AS task_count
+   *   FROM sys.tasks
+   *   WHERE datasource IN ('native_sys_a', 'native_sys_b')
+   *   GROUP BY task_id
+   * )
+   * WHERE task_count > 0
+   * }</pre>
+   */

Review Comment:
   Addressed in the stacked  PR: the redundant test Javadocs were removed. See 
FrankChen021/druid#198.



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