alexr17 commented on code in PR #13126:
URL: https://github.com/apache/hudi/pull/13126#discussion_r2040037292


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hudi-aws/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/aws/transaction/lock/S3StorageLockClient.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
+ * or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing
+ * permissions and limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.aws.transaction.lock;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.aws.credentials.HoodieAWSCredentialsProviderFactory;
+import org.apache.hudi.client.transaction.lock.models.LockGetResult;
+import org.apache.hudi.client.transaction.lock.models.LockUpdateResult;
+import org.apache.hudi.client.transaction.lock.StorageLock;
+import org.apache.hudi.client.transaction.lock.models.StorageLockData;
+import org.apache.hudi.client.transaction.lock.models.StorageLockFile;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.VisibleForTesting;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.awscore.exception.AwsServiceException;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.core.ResponseInputStream;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.core.exception.SdkClientException;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.core.sync.RequestBody;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.providers.DefaultAwsRegionProviderChain;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.S3Client;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.GetObjectRequest;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.GetObjectResponse;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.PutObjectRequest;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.PutObjectResponse;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.S3Exception;
+
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.ThreadSafe;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+/**
+ * S3-based distributed lock service using ETag checks (AWS SDK v2).
+ * See RFC: <a 
href="https://github.com/apache/hudi/blob/master/rfc/rfc-91/rfc-91.md";>RFC-91</a>
+ */
+@ThreadSafe
+public class S3StorageLockClient implements StorageLock {
+
+  private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(S3StorageLockClient.class);
+  private static final long WAIT_TIME_FOR_RETRY_MS = 1000L;
+  private static final int PRECONDITION_FAILURE_ERROR_CODE = 412;
+  private static final int NOT_FOUND_ERROR_CODE = 404;
+  private static final int CONDITIONAL_REQUEST_CONFLICT_ERROR_CODE = 409;
+  private static final int RATE_LIMIT_ERROR_CODE = 429;
+  private static final int INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_CODE_MIN = 500;
+
+  private final Logger logger;
+  private final S3Client s3Client;
+  private final String bucketName;
+  private final String lockFilePath;
+  private final String ownerId;
+
+  /** Constructor that is used by reflection to instantiate an S3-based 
storage locking client.
+   * @param ownerId The owner id.
+   * @param bucketName The name of the bucket.
+   * @param lockFilePath The path within the bucket where to write lock files.
+   * @param props The properties for the lock config, can be used to customize 
client.
+   */
+  public S3StorageLockClient(String ownerId, String bucketName, String 
lockFilePath, Properties props) {
+    this(
+            ownerId,
+            bucketName,
+            lockFilePath,
+            createDefaultS3Client(props),
+            LOG);
+  }
+
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  S3StorageLockClient(String ownerId,
+                                String bucketName,
+                                String lockFilePath,
+                                S3Client s3Client,
+                                Logger logger) {
+    this.s3Client = s3Client;
+    this.lockFilePath = lockFilePath;
+    this.bucketName = bucketName;
+    this.ownerId = ownerId;
+    this.logger = logger;
+  }
+
+  private static S3Client createDefaultS3Client(Properties props) {
+    Region region;
+    try {
+      region = DefaultAwsRegionProviderChain.builder().build().getRegion();
+    } catch (SdkClientException e) {
+      // Fallback to us-east-1 if no region is found
+      region = Region.US_EAST_1;
+    }
+    return 
S3Client.builder().credentialsProvider(HoodieAWSCredentialsProviderFactory.getAwsCredentialsProvider(props)).region(region).build();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Internal helper to create or update the lock file with optional ETag 
precondition.
+   */
+  private StorageLockFile createOrUpdateLockFileInternal(StorageLockData 
lockData, String expectedEtag) {
+    byte[] bytes = StorageLockFile.toByteArray(lockData);
+    PutObjectRequest.Builder putRequestBuilder = PutObjectRequest.builder()
+            .bucket(bucketName)
+            .key(lockFilePath);
+
+    // ETag-based constraints:
+    // - If expectedEtag is not null:
+    //    We assume that the file already exists on S3 with the ETag 
"expectedEtag".
+    //    The update operation will include an ifMatch(expectedEtag) 
condition, meaning the update will only
+    //    succeed if the current file's ETag exactly matches expectedEtag.
+    //    If the actual ETag of the file on S3 differs from expectedEtag, the 
update attempt will fail.
+    // - If expectedEtag is null:
+    //    We assume that the file does not currently exist on S3.
+    //    The operation will use ifNoneMatch("*"), which instructs S3 to 
create the file only if it doesn't already exist.
+    //    If a file with the same name is present (i.e., there is an existing 
ETag), the creation attempt will fail.
+    if (expectedEtag == null) {
+      putRequestBuilder.ifNoneMatch("*");
+    } else {
+      putRequestBuilder.ifMatch(expectedEtag);
+    }
+
+    PutObjectResponse response = s3Client.putObject(putRequestBuilder.build(), 
RequestBody.fromBytes(bytes));
+    String newEtag = response.eTag();
+
+    return new StorageLockFile(lockData, newEtag);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Pair<LockUpdateResult, StorageLockFile> tryCreateOrUpdateLockFile(
+          StorageLockData newLockData,
+          StorageLockFile previousLockFile
+  ) {
+    String currentEtag = (previousLockFile != null) ? 
previousLockFile.getVersionId() : null;
+    try {
+      StorageLockFile updatedFile = 
createOrUpdateLockFileInternal(newLockData, currentEtag);
+      return Pair.of(LockUpdateResult.SUCCESS, updatedFile);
+    } catch (S3Exception e) {
+      int status = e.statusCode();
+      if (status == PRECONDITION_FAILURE_ERROR_CODE || status == 
CONDITIONAL_REQUEST_CONFLICT_ERROR_CODE) {
+        logger.info("OwnerId: {}, Lockfile modified by another process: {}", 
ownerId, lockFilePath);
+        return Pair.of(LockUpdateResult.ACQUIRED_BY_OTHERS, null);
+      } else if (status == RATE_LIMIT_ERROR_CODE) {
+        logger.warn("OwnerId: {}, Rate limit exceeded for: {}", ownerId, 
lockFilePath);
+      } else if (status >= INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_CODE_MIN) {
+        logger.warn("OwnerId: {}, S3 internal server error for: {}", ownerId, 
lockFilePath, e);
+      } else {
+        throw e;
+      }
+      return Pair.of(LockUpdateResult.UNKNOWN_ERROR, null);

Review Comment:
   @yihua Do you think this is blocking? I guess it requires some tweaks in the 
StorageBasedLockProvider, but now that I think about it, if we make the return 
type explicitly `Pair<LockUpdateResult, Option<StorageLockFile>>` the caller 
knows exactly how to check the result. I think this is a better approach and I 
will push changes for it along with the next set of feedback.



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