http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/ConfigUtils.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/ConfigUtils.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/ConfigUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..190cb97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/ConfigUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.ini;
+
+/**
+ * Internal utility methods.
+ *
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public class ConfigUtils {
+
+       static final String getSectionName(String key) {
+               int i = key.indexOf('/');
+               if (i == -1)
+                       return "default";
+               return key.substring(0, i);
+       }
+
+       static final String getSectionKey(String key) {
+               int i = key.indexOf('/');
+               if (i == -1)
+                       return key;
+               return key.substring(i+1);
+       }
+
+       static final String getFullKey(String section, String key) {
+               if (section.equals("default"))
+                       return key;
+               return section + '/' + key;
+       }
+
+       static final boolean isComment(String line) {
+               for (int i = 0; i < line.length(); i++) {
+                       char c = line.charAt(i);
+                       if (! Character.isWhitespace(c))
+                               return c == '#';
+               }
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       static final boolean isAssignment(String line) {
+               int S1 = 1; // Looking for char;
+               int S2 = 2; // Found char, looking for whitespace or =
+               int S3 = 3; // Found whitespace, looking for =
+               int state = S1;
+               for (int i = 0; i < line.length(); i++) {
+                       char c = line.charAt(i);
+                       if (state == S1) {
+                               if (! Character.isWhitespace(c))
+                                       state = S2;
+                       } else if (state == S2) {
+                               if (c == '=')
+                                       return true;
+                               if (Character.isWhitespace(c))
+                                       state = S3;
+                       } else if (state == S3) {
+                               if (c == '=')
+                                       return true;
+                       }
+               }
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       static final boolean isSection(String line) {
+               int S1 = 1; // Looking for [;
+               int S2 = 2; // Found [, looking for ]
+               int state = S1;
+               for (int i = 0; i < line.length(); i++) {
+                       char c = line.charAt(i);
+                       if (state == S1) {
+                               if (! Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
+                                       if (c == '[')
+                                               state = S2;
+                                       else
+                                               return false;
+                               }
+                       } else if (state == S2) {
+                               if (c == ']')
+                                       return true;
+                       }
+               }
+               return false;
+       }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Encoder.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Encoder.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Encoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..768400f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Encoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.ini;
+
+/**
+ * API for defining a string encoding/decoding mechanism for entries in {@link 
ConfigFile}.
+ *
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public interface Encoder {
+
+       /**
+        * Encode a string.
+        *
+        * @param fieldName The field name being encoded.
+        * @param in The unencoded input string.
+        * @return The encoded output string.
+        */
+       public String encode(String fieldName, String in);
+
+       /**
+        * Decode a string.
+        *
+        * @param fieldName The field name being decoded.
+        * @param in The encoded input string.
+        * @return The decoded output string.
+        */
+       public String decode(String fieldName, String in);
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/EntryListener.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/EntryListener.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/EntryListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..157f736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/EntryListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.ini;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+
+/**
+ * Listener that can be used to listen for change events for a specific entry 
in a config file.
+ * <p>
+ * Use the {@link ConfigFile#addListener(ConfigFileListener)} method to 
register listeners.
+ */
+public class EntryListener extends ConfigFileListener {
+
+       private String fullKey;
+
+       /**
+        * Constructor.
+        *
+        * @param fullKey The key in the config file to listen for changes on.
+        */
+       public EntryListener(String fullKey) {
+               this.fullKey = fullKey;
+       }
+
+       @Override /* ConfigFileListener */
+       public void onChange(ConfigFile cf, Set<String> changes) {
+               if (changes.contains(fullKey))
+                       onChange(cf);
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Signifies that the config file entry changed.
+        *
+        * @param cf The config file being changed.
+        */
+       public void onChange(ConfigFile cf) {}
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Section.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Section.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Section.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56821e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/Section.java
@@ -0,0 +1,568 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.ini;
+
+import static org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFileFormat.*;
+import static org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigUtils.*;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.annotation.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.internal.*;
+
+/**
+ * Defines a section in a config file.
+ */
+public class Section implements Map<String,String> {
+
+       private ConfigFileImpl configFile;
+       String name;   // The config section name, or "default" if the default 
section.  Never null.
+
+       // The data structures that make up this object.
+       // These must be kept synchronized.
+       private LinkedList<String> lines = new LinkedList<String>();
+       private List<String> headerComments = new LinkedList<String>();
+       private Map<String,String> entries;
+
+       private ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+       private boolean readOnly;
+
+       /**
+        * Constructor.
+        */
+       public Section() {
+               this.entries = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Constructor with predefined contents.
+        *
+        * @param contents Predefined contents to copy into this section.
+        */
+       public Section(Map<String,String> contents) {
+               this.entries = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>(contents);
+       }
+
+       Section setReadOnly() {
+               // This method is only called once from ConfigFileImpl 
constructor.
+               this.readOnly = true;
+               this.entries = Collections.unmodifiableMap(entries);
+               return this;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Sets the config file that this section belongs to.
+        *
+        * @param configFile The config file that this section belongs to.
+        * @return This object (for method chaining).
+        */
+       @ParentProperty
+       public Section setParent(ConfigFileImpl configFile) {
+               this.configFile = configFile;
+               return this;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Sets the section name
+        *
+        * @param name The section name.
+        * @return This object (for method chaining).
+        */
+       @NameProperty
+       public Section setName(String name) {
+               this.name = name;
+               return this;
+       }
+
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+       // Map methods
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public void clear() {
+               Set<String> changes = createChanges();
+               writeLock();
+               try {
+                       if (changes != null)
+                               for (String k : keySet())
+                                       changes.add(getFullKey(name, k));
+                       entries.clear();
+                       lines.clear();
+                       headerComments.clear();
+               } finally {
+                       writeUnlock();
+               }
+               signalChanges(changes);
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
+               return entries.containsKey(key);
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
+               return entries.containsValue(value);
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public Set<Map.Entry<String,String>> entrySet() {
+
+               // We need to create our own set so that entries are removed 
correctly.
+               return new AbstractSet<Map.Entry<String,String>>() {
+                       @Override /* Set */
+                       public Iterator<Map.Entry<String,String>> iterator() {
+                               return new Iterator<Map.Entry<String,String>>() 
{
+                                       Iterator<Map.Entry<String,String>> i = 
entries.entrySet().iterator();
+                                       Map.Entry<String,String> i2;
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public boolean hasNext() {
+                                               return i.hasNext();
+                                       }
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public Map.Entry<String,String> next() {
+                                               i2 = i.next();
+                                               return i2;
+                                       }
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public void remove() {
+                                               Set<String> changes = 
createChanges();
+                                               String key = i2.getKey(), val = 
i2.getValue();
+                                               addChange(changes, key, val, 
null);
+                                               writeLock();
+                                               try {
+                                                       i.remove();
+                                                       removeLine(key);
+                                               } finally {
+                                                       writeUnlock();
+                                               }
+                                               signalChanges(changes);
+                                       }
+                               };
+                       }
+
+                       @Override /* Set */
+                       public int size() {
+                               return entries.size();
+                       }
+               };
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public String get(Object key) {
+               String s = entries.get(key);
+               return s;
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public boolean isEmpty() {
+               return entries.isEmpty();
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public Set<String> keySet() {
+
+               // We need to create our own set so that sections are removed 
correctly.
+               return new AbstractSet<String>() {
+                       @Override /* Set */
+                       public Iterator<String> iterator() {
+                               return new Iterator<String>() {
+                                       Iterator<String> i = 
entries.keySet().iterator();
+                                       String i2;
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public boolean hasNext() {
+                                               return i.hasNext();
+                                       }
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public String next() {
+                                               i2 = i.next();
+                                               return i2;
+                                       }
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public void remove() {
+                                               Set<String> changes = 
createChanges();
+                                               String key = i2;
+                                               String val = entries.get(key);
+                                               addChange(changes, key, val, 
null);
+                                               writeLock();
+                                               try {
+                                                       i.remove();
+                                                       removeLine(key);
+                                               } finally {
+                                                       writeUnlock();
+                                               }
+                                               signalChanges(changes);
+                                       }
+                               };
+                       }
+
+                       @Override /* Set */
+                       public int size() {
+                               return entries.size();
+                       }
+               };
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public String put(String key, String value) {
+               return put(key, value, false);
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Sets the specified value in this section.
+        * @param key The section key.
+        * @param value The new value.
+        * @param encoded Whether this value should be encoded during save.
+        * @return The previous value.
+        */
+       public String put(String key, String value, boolean encoded) {
+               Set<String> changes = createChanges();
+               String s = put(key, value, encoded, changes);
+               signalChanges(changes);
+               return s;
+       }
+
+       String put(String key, String value, boolean encoded, Set<String> 
changes) {
+               writeLock();
+               try {
+                       addLine(key, encoded);
+                       String prev = entries.put(key, value);
+                       addChange(changes, key, prev, value);
+                       return prev;
+               } finally {
+                       writeUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public void putAll(Map<? extends String,? extends String> map) {
+               Set<String> changes = createChanges();
+               for (Map.Entry<? extends String,? extends String> e : 
map.entrySet())
+                       put(e.getKey(), e.getValue(), false, changes);
+               signalChanges(changes);
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public String remove(Object key) {
+               Set<String> changes = createChanges();
+               String old = remove(key, changes);
+               signalChanges(changes);
+               return old;
+       }
+
+       String remove(Object key, Set<String> changes) {
+               writeLock();
+               try {
+                       String prev = entries.remove(key);
+                       addChange(changes, key.toString(), prev, null);
+                       removeLine(key.toString());
+                       return prev;
+               } finally {
+                       writeUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       private void removeLine(String key) {
+               for (Iterator<String> i = lines.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+                       String k = i.next();
+                       if (k.startsWith("*") || k.startsWith(">")) {
+                               if (k.substring(1).equals(key)) {
+                                       i.remove();
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public int size() {
+               return entries.size();
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Map */
+       public Collection<String> values() {
+               return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(entries.values());
+       }
+
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+       // API methods
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+       /**
+        * Returns <jk>true</jk> if the specified entry is encoded.
+        *
+        * @param key The key.
+        * @return <jk>true</jk> if the specified entry is encoded.
+        */
+       public boolean isEncoded(String key) {
+               readLock();
+               try {
+                       for (String s : lines)
+                               if (s.length() > 1)
+                                       if (s.substring(1).equals(key))
+                                               return s.charAt(0) == '*';
+                       return false;
+               } finally {
+                       readUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Adds header comments to this section.
+        * @see ConfigFile#addHeaderComments(String, String...) for a 
description.
+        * @param comments The comment lines to add to this section.
+        * @return This object (for method chaining).
+        */
+       public Section addHeaderComments(List<String> comments) {
+               writeLock();
+               try {
+                       for (String c : comments) {
+                               if (c == null)
+                                       c = "";
+                               if (! c.startsWith("#"))
+                                       c = "#" + c;
+                               this.headerComments.add(c);
+                       }
+                       return this;
+               } finally {
+                       writeUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Removes all header comments from this section.
+        */
+       public void clearHeaderComments() {
+               writeLock();
+               try {
+                       this.headerComments.clear();
+               } finally {
+                       writeUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Serialize this section.
+        * @param out What to serialize to.
+        * @param format The format (e.g. INI, BATCH, SHELL).
+        */
+       public void writeTo(PrintWriter out, ConfigFileFormat format) {
+               readLock();
+               try {
+                       if (format == INI) {
+                               for (String s : headerComments)
+                                       out.append(s).println();
+                               if (! name.equals("default"))
+                                       
out.append('[').append(name).append(']').println();
+                               for (String l : lines) {
+                                       char c = (l.length() > 0 ? l.charAt(0) 
: 0);
+                                       if (c == '>' || c == '*'){
+                                               boolean encode = c == '*';
+                                               String key = l.substring(1);
+                                               String val = entries.get(key);
+                                               if (val.indexOf('\n') != -1)
+                                                       val = 
val.replaceAll("(\\r?\\n)", "$1\t");
+                                               if (val.indexOf('=') != -1)
+                                                       val = val.replace("=", 
"\\u003D");
+                                               if (val.indexOf('#') != -1)
+                                                       val = val.replace("#", 
"\\u0023");
+                                               out.append(key);
+                                               if (encode)
+                                                       out.append('*');
+                                               out.append(" = ");
+                                               if (encode)
+                                                       
out.append('{').append(configFile.getEncoder().encode(key, val)).append('}');
+                                               else
+                                                       out.append(val);
+                                               out.println();
+                                       } else {
+                                               out.append(l).println();
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else if (format == BATCH) {
+                               String section = name.replaceAll("\\.\\/", "_");
+                               for (String l : headerComments) {
+                                       l = trimComment(l);
+                                       if (! l.isEmpty())
+                                               out.append("rem ").append(l);
+                                       out.println();
+                               }
+                               for (String l : lines) {
+                                       char c = (l.length() > 0 ? l.charAt(0) 
: 0);
+                                       if (c == '>' || c == '*') {
+                                               String key = l.substring(1);
+                                               String val = entries.get(key);
+                                               out.append("set ");
+                                               if (! name.equals("default"))
+                                                       
out.append(section).append('_');
+                                               
out.append(key.replaceAll("\\.\\/", "_")).append(" = ").append(val).println();
+                                       } else {
+                                               l = trimComment(l);
+                                               if (! l.isEmpty())
+                                                       out.append("rem 
").append(l);
+                                               out.println();
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else if (format == SHELL) {
+                               String section = name.replaceAll("\\.\\/", "_");
+                               for (String l : headerComments) {
+                                       l = trimComment(l);
+                                       if (! l.isEmpty())
+                                               out.append("# ").append(l);
+                                       out.println();
+                               }
+                               for (String l : lines) {
+                                       char c = (l.length() > 0 ? l.charAt(0) 
: 0);
+                                       if (c == '>' || c == '*'){
+                                               String key = l.substring(1);
+                                               String val = 
entries.get(key).replaceAll("\\\\", "\\\\\\\\");
+                                               out.append("export ");
+                                               if (! name.equals("default"))
+                                                       
out.append(section).append('_');
+                                               
out.append(key.replaceAll("\\.\\/", 
"_")).append('=').append('"').append(val).append('"').println();
+                                       } else {
+                                               l = trimComment(l);
+                                               if (! l.isEmpty())
+                                                       out.append("# 
").append(l);
+                                               out.println();
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               } finally {
+                       readUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+       // Protected methods used by ConfigFile
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+       /*
+        * Add lines to this section.
+        */
+       Section addLines(Set<String> changes, String...l) {
+               writeLock();
+               try {
+                       if (l == null)
+                               l = new String[0];
+                       for (int i = 0; i < l.length; i++) {
+                               String line = l[i];
+                               if (line == null)
+                                       line = "";
+                               if (isComment(line))
+                                       this.lines.add(line);
+                               else if (isAssignment(line)) {
+                                       // Key/value pairs are stored as either 
">key" or "*key";
+                                       String key = 
StringUtils.replaceUnicodeSequences(line.substring(0, 
line.indexOf('=')).trim());
+                                       String val = 
StringUtils.replaceUnicodeSequences(line.substring(line.indexOf('=')+1).trim());
+                                       boolean encoded = key.length() > 1 && 
key.endsWith("*");
+                                       if (encoded) {
+                                               key = key.substring(0, 
key.lastIndexOf('*'));
+                                               String v = 
val.toString().trim();
+                                               if (v.startsWith("{") && 
v.endsWith("}"))
+                                                       val = 
configFile.getEncoder().decode(key, v.substring(1, v.length()-1));
+                                               else
+                                                       
configFile.setHasBeenModified();
+                                       }
+                                       if (containsKey(key)) {
+                                               entries.remove(key);
+                                               lines.remove('*' + key);
+                                               lines.remove('>' + key);
+                                       }
+                                       lines.add((encoded ? '*' : '>') + key);
+                                       addChange(changes, key, 
entries.put(key, val), val);
+                               } else {
+                                       this.lines.add(line);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       return this;
+               } finally {
+                       writeUnlock();
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Remove all "#*" lines at the end of this section so they can
+        * be associated with the next section.
+        */
+       List<String> removeTrailingComments() {
+               LinkedList<String> l = new LinkedList<String>();
+               while ((! lines.isEmpty()) && lines.getLast().startsWith("#"))
+                       l.addFirst(lines.removeLast());
+               return l;
+       }
+
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+       // Private methods
+       
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+       private void addLine(String key, boolean encoded) {
+               for (Iterator<String> i = lines.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+                       String k = i.next();
+                       if ((k.startsWith("*") || k.startsWith(">")) && 
k.substring(1).equals(key)) {
+                               if (k.startsWith("*") && encoded || 
k.startsWith(">") && ! encoded)
+                                       return;
+                               i.remove();
+                       }
+               }
+               lines.add((encoded ? "*" : ">") + key);
+       }
+
+       private void readLock() {
+               lock.readLock().lock();
+       }
+
+       private void readUnlock() {
+               lock.readLock().unlock();
+       }
+
+       private void writeLock() {
+               if (readOnly)
+                       throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Cannot modify 
read-only ConfigFile.");
+               lock.writeLock().lock();
+       }
+
+       private void writeUnlock() {
+               lock.writeLock().unlock();
+       }
+
+       private String trimComment(String s) {
+               return s.replaceAll("^\\s*\\#\\s*", "").trim();
+       }
+
+       private Set<String> createChanges() {
+               return (configFile != null && configFile.getListeners().size() 
> 0 ? new LinkedHashSet<String>() : null);
+       }
+
+       private void signalChanges(Set<String> changes) {
+               if (changes != null && ! changes.isEmpty())
+                       for (ConfigFileListener l : configFile.getListeners())
+                               l.onChange(configFile, changes);
+       }
+
+       private void addChange(Set<String> changes, String key, String oldVal, 
String newVal) {
+               if (changes != null)
+                       if (! StringUtils.isEquals(oldVal, newVal))
+                               changes.add(getFullKey(name, key));
+       }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/SectionListener.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/SectionListener.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/SectionListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83f0c9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/SectionListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.ini;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.internal.*;
+
+
+/**
+ * Listener that can be used to listen for change events for a specific 
section in a config file.
+ * <p>
+ * Use the {@link ConfigFile#addListener(ConfigFileListener)} method to 
register listeners.
+ */
+public class SectionListener extends ConfigFileListener {
+
+       private boolean isDefault;
+       private String prefix;
+
+       /**
+        * Constructor.
+        *
+        * @param section The name of the section in the config file to listen 
to.
+        */
+       public SectionListener(String section) {
+               isDefault = StringUtils.isEmpty(section);
+               prefix = isDefault ? null : (section + '/');
+       }
+
+       @Override /* ConfigFileListener */
+       public void onChange(ConfigFile cf, Set<String> changes) {
+               for (String c : changes) {
+                       if (isDefault) {
+                               if (c.indexOf('/') == -1) {
+                                       onChange(cf);
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               if (c.startsWith(prefix)) {
+                                       onChange(cf);
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Signifies that the config file entry changed.
+        *
+        * @param cf The config file being modified.
+        */
+       public void onChange(ConfigFile cf) {}
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/XorEncoder.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/XorEncoder.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/XorEncoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42874e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/XorEncoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.ini;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.internal.*;
+
+/**
+ * Simply XOR+Base64 encoder for obscuring passwords and other sensitive data 
in INI config files.
+ * <p>
+ * This is not intended to be used as strong encryption.
+ *
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public final class XorEncoder implements Encoder {
+
+       /** Reusable XOR-Encoder instance. */
+       public static final XorEncoder INSTANCE = new XorEncoder();
+
+   private static final String key = 
System.getProperty("org.apache.juneau.ini.XorEncoder.key", 
"nuy7og796Vh6G9O6bG230SHK0cc8QYkH");   // The super-duper-secret key
+
+       @Override /* Encoder */
+       public String encode(String fieldName, String in) {
+               byte[] b = in.getBytes(IOUtils.UTF8);
+               for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
+                               int j = i % key.length();
+                       b[i] = (byte)(b[i] ^ key.charAt(j));
+               }
+               return StringUtils.base64Encode(b);
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Encoder */
+       public String decode(String fieldName, String in) {
+               byte[] b = StringUtils.base64Decode(in);
+               for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
+                       int j = i % key.length();
+                       b[i] = (byte)(b[i] ^ key.charAt(j));
+       }
+               return new String(b, IOUtils.UTF8);
+       }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config1.png
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config1.png 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config1.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..531f280
Binary files /dev/null and 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config1.png differ

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config2.png
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config2.png 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config2.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f5a4b3
Binary files /dev/null and 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config2.png differ

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config3.png
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config3.png 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config3.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..749da14
Binary files /dev/null and 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/doc-files/config3.png differ

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/package.html
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/package.html 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/package.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8b3509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/ini/package.html
@@ -0,0 +1,650 @@
+<!DOCTYPE HTML>
+<!--
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *  
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *  
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ *
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+ -->
+<html>
+<head>
+       <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+       <style type="text/css">
+               /* For viewing in Page Designer */
+               @IMPORT url("../../../../../../javadoc.css");
+
+               /* For viewing in REST interface */
+               @IMPORT url("../htdocs/javadoc.css");
+               body { 
+                       margin: 20px; 
+               }       
+       </style>
+       <script>
+               /* Replace all @code and @link tags. */ 
+               window.onload = function() {
+                       document.body.innerHTML = 
document.body.innerHTML.replace(/\{\@code ([^\}]+)\}/g, '<code>$1</code>');
+                       document.body.innerHTML = 
document.body.innerHTML.replace(/\{\@link (([^\}]+)\.)?([^\.\}]+)\}/g, 
'<code>$3</code>');
+               }
+       </script>
+</head>
+<body>
+<p>INI file support</p>
+
+<script>
+       function toggle(x) {
+               var div = x.nextSibling;
+               while (div != null && div.nodeType != 1)
+                       div = div.nextSibling;
+               if (div != null) {
+                       var d = div.style.display;
+                       if (d == 'block' || d == '') {
+                               div.style.display = 'none';
+                               x.className += " closed";
+                       } else {
+                               div.style.display = 'block';
+                               x.className = 
x.className.replace(/(?:^|\s)closed(?!\S)/g , '' );
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+</script>
+
+<a id='TOC'></a><h5 class='toc'>Table of Contents</h5>
+<ol class='toc'>
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#Overview'>Overview</a></p> 
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#Variables'>Variables</a></p> 
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#Encoded'>Encoded Entries</a></p> 
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#Listeners'>Listeners</a></p> 
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#CommandLine'>Command Line API</a></p> 
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#Serializing'>Serializing Config 
Files</a></p> 
+       <li><p><a class='doclink' href='#Merging'>Merging Config Files</a></p> 
+</ol>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="Overview"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>1 - Overview</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               The {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr} and {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile} classes 
+               implement an API for working with INI-style configuration files 
such as the following:
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+       <cc># Default section</cc>
+       <cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+       <ck>key1</ck> = <cv>1</cv>
+       <ck>key2</ck> = <cv>true</cv>
+       <ck>key3</ck> = <cv>1,2,3</cv>
+       <ck>key4</ck> = <cv>http://foo</cv>
+       
+       <cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+       <cc># A comment about Section 1</cc>
+       <cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+       <cs>[Section1]</cs>
+       <ck>key1</ck> = <cv>2</cv>
+       <ck>key2</ck> = <cv>false</cv>
+       <ck>key3</ck> = <cv>4,5,6</cv>
+       <ck>key4</ck> = <cv>http://bar</cv>
+       </p>
+       
+       <p>
+               The {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr} class is used to 
instantiate instances of 
+               {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile} which can then be used 
to retrieve config file values through either <js>"key"</js> or 
<js>"Section/key"</js> identifiers.
+       </p>
+
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jk>int</jk> key1;
+       <jk>boolean</jk> key2;
+       <jk>int</jk>[] key3;
+       URL key4;
+       
+       <jc>// Get our config file using the default config manager</jc>
+       ConfigFile f = 
ConfigMgr.<jsf>DEFAULT</jsf>.getConfig(<js>"C:/temp/MyConfig.cfg"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Read values from default section</jc>
+       key1 = f.getInt(<js>"key1"</js>);
+       key2 = f.getBoolean(<js>"key2"</js>);
+       key3 = f.getObject(<jk>int</jk>[].<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key3"</js>);
+       key4 = f.getObject(URL.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key4"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Read values from Section #1</jc>
+       key1 = f.getInt(<js>"Section1/key1"</js>);
+       key2 = f.getBoolean(<js>"Section1/key2"</js>);
+       key3 = f.getObject(<jk>int</jk>[].<jk>class</jk>, 
<js>"Section1/key3"</js>);
+       key4 = f.getObject(URL.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"Section1/key4"</js>);
+       </p>
+
+       <p>
+               The interface also allows config files to be constructed 
programmatically...
+       </p>
+       
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jc>// Construct the sample INI file programmatically</jc>
+       ConfigFile f = 
ConfigMgr.<jsf>DEFAULT</jsf>.getConfig(<js>"C:/temp/MyConfig.cfg"</js>, 
<jk>true</jk>)
+               .addLines(<jk>null</jk>,                     <jc>// The default 
'null' section</jc>
+                       <js>"# Default section"</js>,             <jc>// A 
regular comment</jc>
+                       <js>"key1 = 1"</js>,                      <jc>// A 
numeric entry</jc>
+                       <js>"key2 = true"</js>,                   <jc>// A 
boolean entry</jc>
+                       <js>"key3 = 1,2,3"</js>,                  <jc>// An 
array entry</jc>
+                       <js>"key4 = http://foo";</js>,             <jc>// A POJO 
entry</jc>
+                       <js>""</js>)                              <jc>// A 
blank line</jc>
+               .addHeaderComments(<js>"Section1"</js>,       <jc>// The 
'Section1' section</jc>
+                       <js>"A comment about Section 1"</js>)     <jc>// A 
header comment</jc>
+               .addLines(<js>"Section1"</js>,                <jc>// The 
'Section1' section</jc>
+                       <js>"key1 = 2"</js>,                      <jc>// A 
numeric entry</jc>
+                       <js>"key2 = false"</js>,                  <jc>// A 
boolean entry</jc>
+                       <js>"key3 = 4,5,6"</js>,                  <jc>// An 
array entry</jc>
+                       <js>"key4 = http://bar";</js>)             <jc>// A POJO 
entry</jc>
+               .save();                            <jc>// Save to 
MyConfig.cfg</jc>
+       </p>
+       
+       <p>
+               The following is equivalent, except uses {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#put(String,Object)} to set values.
+               Note how we're setting values as POJOs which will be 
automatically converted to strings when persisted to disk.
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jc>// Construct the sample INI file programmatically</jc>
+       ConfigFile f = 
ConfigMgr.<jsf>DEFAULT</jsf>.getConfig(<js>"C:/temp/MyConfig.cfg"</js>, 
<jk>true</jk>)
+               .addLines(<jk>null</jk>,
+                       <js>"# Default section"</js>)
+               .addHeaderComments(<js>"Section1"</js>,
+                       <js>"A comment about Section 1"</js>);
+       cf.put(<js>"key1"</js>, 1);
+       cf.put(<js>"key2"</js>, <jk>true</jk>);
+       cf.put(<js>"key3"</js>, <jk>new int</jk>[]{1,2,3});
+       cf.put(<js>"key4"</js>, <jk>new</jk> URL(<js>"http://foo";</js>));
+       cf.put(<js>"Section1/key1"</js>, 2);
+       cf.put(<js>"Section1/key2"</js>, <jk>false</jk>);
+       cf.put(<js>"Section1/key3"</js>, <jk>new int</jk>[]{4,5,6});
+       cf.put(<js>"Section1/key4"</js>, <jk>new</jk> 
URL(<js>"http://bar";</js>));
+       cf.save();
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Refer to {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#put(String,Object,boolean)} for a description 
of 
+               formats for various data types.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Various convenience getter methods are provided for retrieving 
different data types:
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jc>// Strings with default values</jc>
+       <jc>// key1 = foobar</jc>
+       String key1 = cf.getString(<js>"key1"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Numbers</jc>
+       <jc>// key2 = 123</jc>
+       <jk>float</jk> key2 = cf.getObject(<jk>float</jk>.<jk>class</jk>, 
<js>"key2"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Booleans</jc>
+       <jc>// key3 = true</jc>
+       <jk>boolean</jk> key3 = cf.getBoolean(<js>"key3"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Objects convertable to and from strings using the JSON 
serializer and parser</jc>
+       <jc>// key4 = http://foo</jc>
+       URL key4 = cf.getObject(URL.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key4"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Arrays of strings</jc>
+       <jc>// key5 = foo, bar</jc>
+       String[] key5 = cf.getStringArray(<js>"key5"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Arrays of objects</jc>
+       <jc>// key6 = http://foo,http://bar</jc>
+       URL[] key6 = cf.getObject(URL[].<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key6"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Arrays of primitives</jc>
+       <jc>// key7 = 1,2,3</jc>
+       <jk>int</jk>[] key7 = cf.getObject(<jk>int</jk>[].<jk>class</jk>, 
<js>"key7"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Enums</jc>
+       <jc>// key8 = MINUTES</jc>
+       TimeUnit key8 = cf.getObject(TimeUnit.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key8"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Beans</jc>
+       <jc>// key9 = {name:'John Smith', addresses:[{street:'101 Main St', 
city:'Anywhere', state:'TX'}]}</jc>
+       Person key9 = cf.getObject(Person.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key9"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Generic Maps</jc>
+       <jc>// key10 = {foo:'bar', baz:123}</jc>
+       Map key10 = cf.getObject(ObjectMap.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"key10"</js>);
+       </p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="Variables"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>2 - Variables</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               Config files can contain variables that get resolved 
dynamically using the {@link org.apache.juneau.svl.VarResolver} API.<br>
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Resolving config files can be retrieved through the following 
methods:
+               <ul class='spaced-list'>
+                       <li>{@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#getResolving()} - Returns a config file that 
resolves a default set of variables.
+                       <li>{@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#getResolving(VarResolver)} - Returns a config 
file that resolves a custom set of variables.
+               </ul>
+       </p>    
+       <p>
+               The default {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#getResolving()} method returns a config file 
that resolves the following
+               variables:
+       </p>
+       <ul class='spaced-list'>
+               <li><code>$S{key}</code>, <code>$S{key,default}</code> - System 
properties.
+               <li><code>$E{key}</code>, <code>$E{key,default}</code> - 
Environment variables.
+               <li><code>$C{key}</code>, <code>$C{key,default}</code> - Values 
in this configuration file.
+       </ul>
+       <p>
+       <h6 class='topic'>Examples:</h6>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+       <cc># Examples </cc>
+       <cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+       <cs>[MyProperties]</cs>
+       <ck>javaHome</ck> = <cv>$S{java.home}</cv>
+       <ck>path</ck> = <cv>$E{PATH}</cv>
+       <ck>customMessage</ck> = <cv>Java home is $C{MyProperties/javaHome} and 
the environment path is $C{MyProperties/path}.</cv>
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Resolving config files (and any config files retrieved through 
the same <code>ConfigMgr</code> that point to the same physical file)
+               share the same underlying config files in memory.  
+               This allows changes in one instance of the config file to be 
reflected in all.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Support for variables is extensible.  You can add support for 
your own variables by implementing custom 
+               {@link org.apache.juneau.svl.VarResolver VarResolvers}.<br>
+               For example, the microservice <code>Resource</code> class 
provides access to config files that
+                       can contain any of the following variables:
+       </p>
+       <ul>
+               <li><code>$C</code> - Config variables.
+               <li><code>$S</code> - System properties.
+               <li><code>$E</code> - Environment variables.
+               <li><code>$I</code> - Servlet init parameters.
+               <li><code>$ARG</code> - JVM command-line arguments.
+               <li><code>$MF</code> - Main jar manifest file entries.
+               <li><code>$L</code> - Localized strings.
+               <li><code>$A</code> - HTTP request attributes.
+               <li><code>$P</code> - HTTP request URL parameters.
+               <li><code>$R</code> - HTTP request variables.
+               <li><code>$UE</code> - URL-encoding function.
+       </ul>
+</div>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="Encoded"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>3 - Encoded Entries</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               If a config file contains sensitive information such as 
passwords, those values can be 
+               marked for encoding by appending <js>'*'</js> to the end of the 
key name.<br>
+               If a marked and unencoded value is detected in the file during 
load, it will be encoded and saved immediately.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               For example, the following password is marked for encoding....
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+               <cs>[MyHost]</cs>
+               <ck>url</ck> = <cv>http://localhost:9080/foo</cv>
+               <ck>user</ck> = <cv>me</cv>
+               <ck>password*</ck> = <cv>mypassword</cv>
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               After initial loading, the file contents will contain an 
encoded value...
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+               <cs>[MyHost]</cs>
+               <ck>url</ck> = <cv>http://localhost:9080/foo</cv>
+               <ck>user</ck> = <cv>me</cv>
+               <ck>password*</ck> = <cv>{AwwJVhwUQFZEMg==}</cv>
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               The default encoder is {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.XorEncoder} 
which is a simple XOR+Base64 encoder.<br>
+               If desired, custom encoder can be used by implementing the 
{@link org.apache.juneau.ini.Encoder}
+               interface and creating your own <code>ConfigMgr</code> using 
the {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr#ConfigMgr(boolean,Encoder,WriterSerializer,ReaderParser,Charset,String[])}
+               constructor.
+       </p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="Listeners"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>4 - Listeners</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               The following method is provided for listening to changes made 
on config files:
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#addListener(ConfigFileListener)}.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Subclasses are provided for listening for different kinds of 
events:
+       </p>
+       <ul class='spaced-list'>
+               <li>{@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFileListener} - Config 
file is saved, loaded, or modified.
+               <li>{@link org.apache.juneau.ini.SectionListener} - One or more 
entries in a section are modified.
+               <li>{@link org.apache.juneau.ini.EntryListener} - An individual 
entry is modified.
+       </ul>
+       <h6 class="topic">Example:</h6>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jc>// Get our config file using the default config manager</jc>
+       ConfigFile f = 
ConfigMgr.<jsf>DEFAULT</jsf>.getConfig(<js>"C:/temp/MyConfig.cfg"</js>);
+
+       <jc>// Add a listener for an entry</jc>
+       f.addListener(
+               <jk>new</jk> EntryListener(<js>"Section1/key1"</js>) {
+                       <ja>@Override</ja>
+                       <jk>public void</jk> onChange(ConfigFile cf) {
+                               System.<jsf>err</jsf>.println(<js>"Entry 
changed!  New value is "</js> + cf.getString(<js>"Section1/key1"</js>));
+                       }
+               }
+       );
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Note that since {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile} 
instances for the same physical files are shared in {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr}, a change made
+               in once instance of a config file will trigger all listeners 
defined on that physical file.
+       </p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="CommandLine"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>5 - Command Line API</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               The {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr} class contains a 
{@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr#main(String[])}
+                       method that can be used to work with config files 
through a command-line prompt.<br>
+               This is invoked as a normal Java command:
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       java -jar juneau.jar org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr [args]
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Arguments can be any of the following...
+               <ul class='spaced-list'>
+                       <li>No arguments<br>
+                               Prints usage message.
+                       <li><code>createBatchEnvFile -configfile 
&lt;configFile&gt; -envfile &lt;batchFile&gt; [-verbose]</code><br>
+                               Creates a batch file that will set each config 
file entry as an environment variable.<br>
+                               Characters in the keys that are not valid as 
environment variable names (e.g. <js>'/'</js> and <js>'.'</js>)
+                               will be converted to underscores.
+                       <li><code>createShellEnvFile -configFile 
&lt;configFile&gt; -envFile &lt;configFile&gt; [-verbose]</code>
+                               Creates a shell script that will set each 
config file entry as an environment variable.<br>
+                               Characters in the keys that are not valid as 
environment variable names (e.g. <js>'/'</js> and <js>'.'</js>)
+                                       will be converted to underscores.
+                       <li><code>setVals -configFile &lt;configFile&gt; -vals 
[var1=val1 [var2=val2...]] [-verbose]</code>
+                               Sets values in config files.
+               </ul>
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               For example, the following command will create the file 
<code>'MyConfig.bat'</code> from the contents of the file 
<code>'MyConfig.cfg'</code>.
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+               java org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigMgr createBatchEnvFile 
-configfile C:\foo\MyConfig.cfg -batchfile C:\foo\MyConfig.bat
+       </p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="Serializing"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>6 - Serializing Config Files</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               Instances of {@link org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile} are POJOs 
that can be serialized to and parsed from
+                       all supported Juneau languages.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               The 
<code>org.apache.juneau.microservice.resources.ConfigResource</code> is a 
predefined REST interface that
+                       allows access to the config file used by a 
microservice.<br>
+               The <code>com.ibm.team.juneau.samples</code> project is a 
microservice that includes this resource
+                       at 
<code>http://localhost:10000/sample/config</code>.<br>
+               The sample microservice uses the following config file 
<code>juneau-samples.cfg</code>:
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       
<cc>#================================================================================
+       # Basic configuration file for SaaS microservices
+       # Subprojects can use this as a starting point.
+       
#================================================================================</cc>
+       
+       
<cc>#================================================================================
+       # REST settings
+       
#================================================================================</cc>
+       <cs>[REST]</cs>
+       
+       <cc># The HTTP port number to use.
+       # Default is Rest-Port setting in manifest file, or 8000.</cc>
+       <ck>port</ck> = <cv>10000</cv>
+       
+       <cc># A JSON map of servlet paths to servlet classes.
+       # Example:  
+       #       resourceMap = {'/*':'com.ibm.MyServlet'}
+       # Either resourceMap or resources must be specified.</cc>
+       <ck>resourceMap</ck> = 
+
+       <cc># A comma-delimited list of names of classes that extend from 
Servlet.
+       # Resource paths are pulled from @RestResource.path() annotation, or
+       #       "/*" if annotation not specified.
+       # Example:  
+       #       resources = com.ibm.MyServlet
+       # Default is Rest-Resources in manifest file.
+       # Either resourceMap or resources must be specified.</cc>
+       <ck>resources</ck> = 
+
+       <cc># The context root of the Jetty server.
+       # Default is Rest-ContextPath in manifest file, or "/".</cc>
+       <ck>contextPath</ck> = 
+
+       <cc># Authentication:  NONE, BASIC.</cc>
+       <ck>authType</ck> = <cv>NONE</cv>
+       
+       <cc># The BASIC auth username.
+       # Default is Rest-LoginUser in manifest file.</cc>
+       <ck>loginUser</ck> = 
+       
+       <cc># The BASIC auth password.
+       # Default is Rest-LoginPassword in manifest file.</cc>
+       <ck>loginPassword</ck> = 
+       
+       <cc># The BASIC auth realm.
+       # Default is Rest-AuthRealm in manifest file.</cc>
+       <ck>authRealm</ck> = 
+       
+       <cc># Stylesheet to use for HTML views.
+       # The default options are:
+       #  - styles/juneau.css
+       #  - styles/devops.css
+       # Other stylesheets can be referenced relative to the servlet package 
or working
+       #       directory.</cc>
+       <ck>stylesheet</ck> = <cv>styles/devops.css</cv>
+       
+       <cc># What to do when the config file is saved.
+       # Possible values:
+       #       NOTHING - Don't do anything. 
+       #       RESTART_SERVER - Restart the Jetty server.
+       #       RESTART_SERVICE - Shutdown and exit with code '3'.</cc>
+       <ck>saveConfigAction</ck> = <cv>RESTART_SERVER</cv>
+       
+       <cc># Enable SSL support.</cc>
+       <ck>useSsl</ck> = false
+       
+       
<cc>#================================================================================
+       # Bean properties on the org.eclipse.jetty.util.ssl.SslSocketFactory 
class
+       
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+       # Ignored if REST/useSsl is false.
+       
#================================================================================</cc>
+       <cs>[REST-SslContextFactory]</cs>
+       <ck>keyStorePath</ck> = <cv>client_keystore.jks</cv>
+       <ck>keyStorePassword*</ck> = <cv>{HRAaRQoT}</cv>
+       <ck>excludeCipherSuites</ck> = <cv>TLS_DHE.*, TLS_EDH.*</cv>
+       <ck>excludeProtocols</ck> = <cv>SSLv3</cv>
+       <ck>allowRenegotiate</ck> = <cv>false</cv>
+       
+       
<cc>#================================================================================
+       # Logger settings
+       # See FileHandler Java class for details.
+       
#================================================================================</cc>
+       <cs>[Logging]</cs>
+
+       <cc># The directory where to create the log file.
+       # Default is "."</cc>
+       <ck>logDir</ck> = <cv>logs</cv>
+       
+       <cc># The name of the log file to create for the main logger.
+       # The logDir and logFile make up the pattern that's passed to the 
FileHandler
+       # constructor.
+       # If value is not specified, then logging to a file will not be set 
up.</cc>
+       <ck>logFile</ck> = <cv>microservice.%g.log</cv>
+       
+       <cc># Whether to append to the existing log file or create a new one.
+       # Default is false.</cc>
+       <ck>append</ck> = 
+       
+       <cc># The SimpleDateFormat format to use for dates.
+       # Default is "yyyy.MM.dd hh:mm:ss".</cc>
+       <ck>dateFormat</ck> = 
+       
+       <cc># The log message format.
+       # The value can contain any of the following variables:
+       #       {date} - The date, formatted per dateFormat.
+       #       {class} - The class name.
+       #       {method} - The method name.
+       #       {logger} - The logger name.
+       #       {level} - The log level name.
+       #       {msg} - The log message.
+       #       {threadid} - The thread ID.
+       #       {exception} - The localized exception message.
+       # Default is "[{date} {level}] {msg}%n".</cc>
+       <ck>format</ck> =
+       
+       <cc># The maximum log file size.
+       # Suffixes available for numbers.
+       # See ConfigFile.getInt(String,int) for details.
+       # Default is 1M.</cc>
+       <ck>limit</ck> = <cv>10M</cv>
+       
+       <cc># Max number of log files.
+       # Default is 1.</cc>
+       <ck>count</ck> = <cv>5</cv>
+       
+       <cc># Default log levels.
+       # Keys are logger names.
+       # Values are serialized Level POJOs.</cc>
+       <ck>levels</ck> = <cv>{ org.apache.juneau:'INFO' }</cv>
+       
+       <cc># Only print unique stack traces once and then refer to them by a 
simple 8 character hash identifier.
+       # Useful for preventing log files from filling up with duplicate stack 
traces.
+       # Default is false.</cc>
+       <ck>useStackTraceHashes</ck> = <cv>true</cv>
+       
+       <cc># The default level for the console logger.
+       # Default is WARNING.</cc>
+       <ck>consoleLevel</ck> = 
+       
+       
<cc>#================================================================================
+       # System properties
+       
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+       # These are arbitrary system properties that are set during startup.
+       
#================================================================================</cc>
+       <cs>[SystemProperties]</cs>
+       
+       <cc># Configure Jetty for StdErrLog Logging</cc>
+       <ck>org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.class</ck> = 
<cv>org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StrErrLog</cv>
+       
+       <cc># Jetty logging level</cc>
+       <ck>org.eclipse.jetty.LEVEL</ck> = <cv>WARN</cv>                
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               The config file looks deceivingly simple.
+               However, it should be noticed that the config file is a VERY 
powerful feature with many capabilities including:
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               When you point your browser to this resource, you'll notice 
that the contents of the config file
+                       are being serialized to HTML as a POJO: 
+       </p>
+       <img class='bordered' src="doc-files/config1.png">
+       <p>
+               Likewise, the config file can also be serialized as any of the 
supported languages such as JSON: 
+       </p>
+       <img class='bordered' src="doc-files/config2.png">
+       <p>
+               The code for implementing this page could not be any simpler, 
since it simply returns the config
+                       file returned by the 
<code>RestServlet.getConfig()</code> method.
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+               <jd>/** 
+                * [GET /] - Show contents of config file.
+                *  
+                * <ja>@return</ja> The config file.  
+                * <ja>@throws</ja> Exception 
+                */</jd>
+               <ja>@RestMethod</ja>(name=<js>"GET"</js>, path=<js>"/"</js>, 
description=<js>"Show contents of config file."</js>)
+               <jk>public</jk> ConfigFile getConfigContents() <jk>throws</jk> 
Exception {
+                       <jk>return</jk> getConfig();
+               }
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               The edit page takes you to an editor that allows you to modify 
the contents of the config file: 
+       </p>
+       <img class='bordered' src="doc-files/config3.png">
+       <p>
+               This latter page uses the {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#toString()} method to retrieve the
+               contents of the config file in INI format.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               Since config files are serializable, that mean they can also be 
retrieved through the <code>RestClient</code> API.
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jc>// Create a new REST client with JSON support</jc>
+       RestClient c = <jk>new</jk> RestClient(JsonSerializer.<jk>class</jk>, 
JsonParser.<jk>class</jk>);
+
+       <jc>// Retrieve config file through REST interface</jc>
+       ConfigFile cf = 
c.doGet(<js>"http://localhost:10000/sample/config";</js>).getResponse(ConfigFileImpl.<jk>class</jk>);
+       </p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- 
========================================================================================================
 -->
+<a id="Merging"></a>
+<h2 class='topic' onclick='toggle(this)'>7 - Merging Config Files</h2>
+<div class='topic'>
+       <p>
+               In the previous example, an edit page was shown that allows you 
to edit config files through
+               a REST interface.<br>
+               Note that if only a single entry is modified in the config 
file, we only want to trigger
+               listeners for that change, not trigger all listeners.<br>
+               This is where the {@link 
org.apache.juneau.ini.ConfigFile#merge(ConfigFile)} method comes into play.<br>
+               This method will copy the contents of one config file over to 
another config file, but only
+               trigger listeners when the values are different.
+       </p>
+       <p>
+               The edit page is implemented with this method which is a simple 
PUT with the contents of
+                       the new INI file as the body of the HTTP request:
+       </p>
+       <p class='bcode'>
+       <jd>/** 
+        * [PUT /] - Sets contents of config file. 
+        * 
+        * <ja>@param</ja> contents The new contents of the config file. 
+        * <ja>@return</ja> The new config file contents.
+        * <ja>@throws</ja> Exception 
+        */</jd>
+       <ja>@RestMethod</ja>(name=<js>"PUT"</js>, path=<js>"/"</js>,
+               description=<js>"Sets contents of config file."</js>,
+               input={
+                       <ja>@Var</ja>(category=<jsf>CONTENT</jsf>, 
description=<js>"New contents in INI file format."</js>)
+               }
+       )
+       <jk>public</jk> ConfigFile setConfigContents(<ja>@Content</ja> Reader 
contents) <jk>throws</jk> Exception {
+               
+               <jc>// Create a new in-memory config file based on the contents 
of the HTTP request.</jc>
+               ConfigFile cf2 = 
ConfigMgr.<jsf>DEFAULT</jsf>.create().load(contents);
+               
+               <jc>// Merge the in-memory config file into the existing config 
file and save it.
+               // Then return the modified config file to be parsed as a 
POJO.</jc>
+               <jk>return</jk> getConfig().merge(cf2).save();
+       }
+       </p>
+</div>
+
+</body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ArrayUtils.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ArrayUtils.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ArrayUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a1b931
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ArrayUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.internal;
+
+import static org.apache.juneau.internal.ThrowableUtils.*;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.*;
+import java.util.*;
+
+/**
+ * Quick and dirty utilities for working with arrays.
+ *
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public final class ArrayUtils {
+
+       /**
+        * Appends one or more elements to an array.
+        *
+        * @param <T> The element type.
+        * @param array The array to append to.
+        * @param newElements The new elements to append to the array.
+        * @return A new array with the specified elements appended.
+        */
+       @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+       public static <T> T[] append(T[] array, T...newElements) {
+               if (array == null)
+                       return newElements;
+               if (newElements.length == 0)
+                       return array;
+               T[] a = 
(T[])Array.newInstance(array.getClass().getComponentType(), array.length + 
newElements.length);
+               for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
+                       a[i] = array[i];
+               for (int i = 0; i < newElements.length; i++)
+                       a[i+array.length] = newElements[i];
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Appends one or more elements to an array.
+        *
+        * @param <T> The element type.
+        * @param array The array to append to.
+        * @param newElements The new elements to append to the array.
+        * @return A new array with the specified elements appended.
+        */
+       @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+       public static <T> T[] append(T[] array, Collection<T> newElements) {
+               assertFieldNotNull(array, "array");
+               if (newElements.size() == 0)
+                       return array;
+               T[] a = 
(T[])Array.newInstance(array.getClass().getComponentType(), array.length + 
newElements.size());
+               for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
+                       a[i] = array[i];
+               int l = array.length;
+               for (T t : newElements)
+                       a[l++] = t;
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Combine an arbitrary number of arrays into a single array.
+        *
+        * @param arrays Collection of arrays to combine.
+        * @return A new combined array, or <jk>null</jk> if all arrays are 
<jk>null</jk>.
+        */
+       @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+       public static <T> T[] combine(T[]...arrays) {
+               assertFieldNotNull(arrays, "arrays");
+               int l = 0;
+               T[] a1 = null;
+               for (T[] a : arrays) {
+                       if (a1 == null && a != null)
+                               a1 = a;
+                       l += (a == null ? 0 : a.length);
+               }
+               if (a1 == null)
+                       return null;
+               T[] a = 
(T[])Array.newInstance(a1.getClass().getComponentType(), l);
+               int i = 0;
+               for (T[] aa : arrays)
+                       if (aa != null)
+                               for (T t : aa)
+                                       a[i++] = t;
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Creates a new array with reversed entries.
+        *
+        * @param <T> The class type of the array.
+        * @param array The array to reverse.
+        * @return A new array with reversed entries, or <jk>null</jk> if the 
array was <jk>null</jk>.
+        */
+       @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+       public static <T> T[] reverse(T[] array) {
+               assertFieldNotNull(array, "array");
+               Class<T> c = (Class<T>)array.getClass().getComponentType();
+               T[] a2 = (T[])Array.newInstance(c, array.length);
+               for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
+                       a2[a2.length-i-1] = array[i];
+               return a2;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Converts the specified array to a <code>Set</code>.
+        * <p>
+        *      The order of the entries in the set are the same as the array.
+        *
+        * @param <T> The entry type of the array.
+        * @param array The array being wrapped in a <code>Set</code> interface.
+        * @return The new set.
+        */
+       public static <T> Set<T> asSet(final T[] array) {
+               assertFieldNotNull(array, "array");
+               return new AbstractSet<T>() {
+
+                       @Override /* Set */
+                       public Iterator<T> iterator() {
+                               return new Iterator<T>() {
+                                       int i = 0;
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public boolean hasNext() {
+                                               return i < array.length;
+                                       }
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public T next() {
+                                               if (i >= array.length)
+                                                       throw new 
NoSuchElementException();
+                                               T t = array[i];
+                                               i++;
+                                               return t;
+                                       }
+
+                                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                                       public void remove() {
+                                               throw new 
UnsupportedOperationException();
+                                       }
+                               };
+                       }
+
+                       @Override /* Set */
+                       public int size() {
+                               return array.length;
+                       }
+               };
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Returns an iterator against an array.
+        * This works with any array type (e.g. <code>String[]</code>, 
<code>Object[]</code>, <code><jk>int</jk>[]</code>, etc...).
+        *
+        * @param array The array to create an iterator over.
+        * @return An iterator over the specified array.
+        */
+       public static Iterator<Object> iterator(final Object array) {
+               return new Iterator<Object>() {
+                       int i = 0;
+                       int length = array == null ? 0 : Array.getLength(array);
+
+                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                       public boolean hasNext() {
+                               return i < length;
+                       }
+
+                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                       public Object next() {
+                               if (i >= length)
+                                       throw new NoSuchElementException();
+                               return Array.get(array, i++);
+                       }
+
+                       @Override /* Iterator */
+                       public void remove() {
+                               throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+                       }
+               };
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Converts the specified collection to an array.
+        * Works on both object and primitive arrays.
+        *
+        * @param c The collection to convert to an array.
+        * @param componentType The component type of the collection.
+        * @return A new array.
+        */
+       public static <T> Object toArray(Collection<T> c, Class<T> 
componentType) {
+               Object a = Array.newInstance(componentType, c.size());
+               Iterator<T> it = c.iterator();
+               int i = 0;
+               while (it.hasNext())
+                       Array.set(a, i++, it.next());
+               return a;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Copies the specified array into the specified list.
+        * Works on both object and primitive arrays.
+        *
+        * @param array The array to copy into a list.
+        * @param list The list to copy the values into.
+        */
+       @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked","rawtypes"})
+       public static void copyToList(Object array, List list) {
+               if (array != null) {
+                       int length = Array.getLength(array);
+                       for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+                               list.add(Array.get(array, i));
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Returns <jk>true</jk> if the specified array contains the specified 
element
+        *      using the {@link Object#equals(Object)} method.
+        *
+        * @param element The element to check for.
+        * @param array The array to check.
+        * @return <jk>true</jk> if the specified array contains the specified 
element,
+        *      <jk>false</jk> if the array or element is <jk>null</jk>.
+        */
+       public static <T> boolean contains(T element, T[] array) {
+               return indexOf(element, array) != -1;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Returns the index position of the element in the specified array
+        *      using the {@link Object#equals(Object)} method.
+        *
+        * @param element The element to check for.
+        * @param array The array to check.
+        * @return The index position of the element in the specified array, or
+        *      <code>-1</code> if the array doesn't contain the element, or 
the array or element is <jk>null</jk>.
+        */
+       public static <T> int indexOf(T element, T[] array) {
+               if (element == null)
+                       return -1;
+               if (array == null)
+                       return -1;
+               for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
+                       if (element.equals(array[i]))
+                               return i;
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Converts a primitive wrapper array (e.g. <code>Integer[]</code>) to 
a primitive array (e.g. <code><jk>int</jk>[]</code>).
+        *
+        * @param o The array to convert.  Must be a primitive wrapper array.
+        * @return A new array.
+        * @throws IllegalArgumentException If object is not a wrapper object 
array.
+        */
+       public static Object toPrimitiveArray(Object o) {
+               Class<?> c = o.getClass();
+               if (! c.isArray())
+                       throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot pass 
non-array objects to toPrimitiveArray()");
+               int l = Array.getLength(o);
+               Class<?> tc = 
ClassUtils.getPrimitiveForWrapper(c.getComponentType());
+               if (tc == null)
+                       throw new IllegalArgumentException("Array type is not a 
primitive wrapper array.");
+               Object a = Array.newInstance(tc, l);
+               for (int i = 0; i < l; i++)
+                       Array.set(a, i, Array.get(o, i));
+               return a;
+       }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/AsciiSet.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/AsciiSet.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/AsciiSet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ccb5fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/AsciiSet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.internal;
+
+/**
+ * Stores a set of ASCII characters for quick lookup.
+ *
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public final class AsciiSet {
+       final boolean[] store = new boolean[128];
+
+       /**
+        * Constructor.
+        *
+        * @param chars The characters to keep in this store.
+        */
+       public AsciiSet(String chars) {
+               for (int i = 0; i < chars.length(); i++) {
+                       char c = chars.charAt(i);
+                       if (c < 128)
+                               store[c] = true;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Returns <jk>true</jk> if the specified character is in this store.
+        *
+        * @param c The character to check.
+        * @return <jk>true</jk> if the specified character is in this store.
+        */
+       public boolean contains(char c) {
+               if (c > 127)
+                       return false;
+               return store[c];
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Returns <jk>true</jk> if the specified character is in this store.
+        *
+        * @param c The character to check.
+        * @return <jk>true</jk> if the specified character is in this store.
+        */
+       public boolean contains(int c) {
+               if (c < 0 || c > 127)
+                       return false;
+               return store[c];
+       }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayCache.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayCache.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayCache.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9747902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayCache.java
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.internal;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+
+/**
+ * A utility class for caching byte arrays in memory so that duplicate arrays 
can be reused.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public class ByteArrayCache {
+
+       /**
+        * Default global byte array cache.
+        * Note that this can't ever get garbage collected so don't add really 
large arrays!
+        */
+       public static final ByteArrayCache DEFAULT = new ByteArrayCache();
+
+       private final ConcurrentHashMap<ByteArray,byte[]> cache = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<ByteArray,byte[]>();
+
+       /**
+        * Add the specified byte array to this cache.
+        *
+        * @param contents The byte array to add to this cache.
+        * @return Either the same byte array or a previously cached byte array 
depending on whether the byte array
+        *      already exists in the cache.
+        */
+       public byte[] cache(byte[] contents) {
+               if (contents == null)
+                       return null;
+               ByteArray ba = new ByteArray(contents);
+               cache.putIfAbsent(ba, ba.contents);
+               return cache.get(ba);
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Add the specified input stream to this cache.
+        *
+        * @param contents The input stream whose contents are to be added to 
this cache.
+        * @return Either the same byte array or a previously cached byte array 
depending on whether the byte array
+        *      already exists in the cache.
+        * @throws IOException
+        */
+       public byte[] cache(InputStream contents) throws IOException {
+               if (contents == null)
+                       return null;
+               ByteArray ba = new ByteArray(IOUtils.readBytes(contents, 1024));
+               cache.putIfAbsent(ba, ba.contents);
+               return cache.get(ba);
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Returns the number of byte arrays in this cache.
+        *
+        * @return The number of byte arrays in this cache.
+        */
+       public int size() {
+               return cache.size();
+       }
+
+       private static class ByteArray {
+               private int hashCode;
+               private byte[] contents;
+
+               private ByteArray(byte[] contents) {
+                       this.contents = contents;
+                       int multiplier = 1;
+                       for (int i = 0; i < contents.length; i++) {
+                               hashCode += contents[i] * multiplier;
+                               int shifted = multiplier << 5;
+                               multiplier = shifted - multiplier;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               @Override /* Object */
+               public int hashCode() {
+                       if (hashCode == 0) {
+                       }
+                       return hashCode;
+               }
+
+               @Override /* Object */
+               public boolean equals(Object o) {
+                       if (o instanceof ByteArray) {
+                               ByteArray ba = (ByteArray)o;
+                               if (ba.hashCode == hashCode)
+                                       return Arrays.equals(ba.contents, 
contents);
+                       }
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayInOutStream.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayInOutStream.java
 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayInOutStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d104c77
--- /dev/null
+++ 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/ByteArrayInOutStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.internal;
+
+import java.io.*;
+
+/**
+ * Subclass of a ByteArrayOutputStream that avoids a byte array copy when 
reading from an input stream.
+ * <p>
+ * @author James Bognar ([email protected])
+ */
+public class ByteArrayInOutStream extends ByteArrayOutputStream {
+
+       /**
+        * Creates a new input stream from this object.
+        *
+        * @return A new input stream from this object.
+        */
+       public ByteArrayInputStream getInputStream() {
+               return new ByteArrayInputStream(this.buf, 0, this.count);
+       }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-juneau/blob/e6bf97a8/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/CharSequenceReader.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/CharSequenceReader.java 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/CharSequenceReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe89635
--- /dev/null
+++ 
b/juneau-core/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/internal/CharSequenceReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/***************************************************************************************************************************
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright 
ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express 
or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ 
***************************************************************************************************************************/
+package org.apache.juneau.internal;
+
+import java.io.*;
+
+/**
+ * Similar to {@link StringReader} except reads from a generic {@link 
CharSequenceReader}.
+ *
+ * @author jbognar
+ */
+public final class CharSequenceReader extends BufferedReader {
+
+       private final CharSequence cs;
+       private String s;
+       private StringBuffer sb;
+       private StringBuilder sb2;
+       private int length;
+       private int next = 0;
+
+       /**
+        * Constructor.
+        *
+        * @param cs The char sequence to read from.  Can be <jk>null</jk>.
+        */
+       public CharSequenceReader(CharSequence cs) {
+               super(new StringReader(""), 1);   // Does not actually use a 
reader.
+               if (cs == null)
+                       cs = "";
+               this.cs = cs;
+               if (cs instanceof String)
+                       s = (String)cs;
+               else if (cs instanceof StringBuffer)
+                       sb = (StringBuffer)cs;
+               else if (cs instanceof StringBuilder)
+                       sb2 = (StringBuilder)cs;
+               this.length = cs.length();
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Reader */
+       public int read() {
+               if (next >= length)
+                       return -1;
+               return cs.charAt(next++);
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Reader */
+       public boolean markSupported() {
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Reader */
+       public int read(final char[] cbuf, final int off, final int len) {
+               if (next >= length)
+                       return -1;
+               int n = Math.min(length - next, len);
+               if (s != null)
+                       s.getChars(next, next + n, cbuf, off);
+               else if (sb != null)
+                       sb.getChars(next, next + n, cbuf, off);
+               else if (sb2 != null)
+                       sb2.getChars(next, next + n, cbuf, off);
+               else {
+                       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+                               cbuf[off+i] = cs.charAt(next+i);
+               }
+               next += n;
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Reader */
+       public long skip(long ns) {
+               if (next >= length)
+                       return 0;
+               long n = Math.min(length - next, ns);
+               n = Math.max(-next, n);
+               next += n;
+               return n;
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Reader */
+       public void close() {
+               // no-op
+       }
+
+       @Override /* Object */
+       public String toString() {
+               return cs.toString();
+       }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

Reply via email to