Copilot commented on code in PR #18165:
URL: https://github.com/apache/pinot/pull/18165#discussion_r3067239643


##########
pinot-segment-spi/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/spi/partition/pipeline/PartitionFunctionExprCompiler.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,903 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.partition.pipeline;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.EnumSet;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import 
org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.function.scalar.PartitionInternalScalarFunctions;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.annotations.ScalarFunction;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.config.table.ColumnPartitionConfig;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.utils.PinotReflectionUtils;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+
+/**
+ * Compiles a restricted partition-function expression into a typed {@link 
PartitionPipeline} backed by deterministic
+ * scalar functions.
+ */
+public final class PartitionFunctionExprCompiler {
+  private static final int MAX_EXPRESSION_LENGTH = 256;
+  private static final int MAX_DEPTH = 8;
+  private static final int MAX_ARGUMENTS = 32;
+  private static final String FUNCTION_REGEX = ".*\\.function\\..*";
+  private static final Object DYNAMIC_ARGUMENT = new Object();
+
+  private static final Map<String, List<ScalarFunctionMethod>> 
FUNCTION_METHODS = loadFunctions();
+
+  private PartitionFunctionExprCompiler() {
+  }
+
+  public static PartitionPipeline compile(String rawColumn, String 
functionExpr) {
+    return compile(rawColumn, functionExpr, null);
+  }

Review Comment:
   The overload compile(rawColumn, functionExpr) always passes a null 
PartitionIntNormalizer. For expressions that produce INT/LONG, this will fail 
later when constructing PartitionPipeline (integral-output pipelines require a 
normalizer), which is surprising given expression-mode defaults to 
POSITIVE_MODULO elsewhere. Consider either defaulting to POSITIVE_MODULO here 
as well, or making this overload reject integral outputs with a clearer error 
(or removing the overload to force callers to choose a normalizer explicitly).



##########
pinot-segment-spi/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/spi/partition/LegacyExpressionPartitionFunction.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.partition;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
+import 
org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.partition.pipeline.PartitionFunctionExprCompiler;
+import 
org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.partition.pipeline.PartitionPipelineFunction;
+
+
+/**
+ * Shared helper for legacy partition functions that preserve their public 
identity while delegating partition
+ * computation to the expression compiler and pipeline runtime.
+ */
+abstract class LegacyExpressionPartitionFunction implements PartitionFunction {
+  private static final String RAW_VALUE_IDENTIFIER = "__partition_value";
+
+  private final int _numPartitions;
+  private transient volatile PartitionPipelineFunction _delegate;
+
+  LegacyExpressionPartitionFunction(int numPartitions) {
+    _numPartitions = numPartitions;
+  }
+
+  protected final int computePartition(String value) {
+    return getDelegate().getPartition(value);
+  }

Review Comment:
   Legacy partition functions now delegate per-call partition computation 
through PartitionFunctionExprCompiler/PartitionPipelineFunction, which relies 
on reflection (Method.invoke) and allocates PartitionValue/step objects. 
Partition functions are used in hot paths (e.g., MutableSegmentImpl and 
AbstractColumnStatisticsCollector call getPartition per row), so this 
indirection can cause a significant ingestion/query performance regression and 
adds a costly reflection scan on first use. Consider keeping legacy partition 
functions’ direct implementations for getPartition(), and reserve the 
expression compiler/runtime for functionExpr mode; or switch the pipeline 
runtime to pre-bound MethodHandles/lambdas with minimal allocations for legacy 
delegates.



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