hickey-ai opened a new issue, #11460:
URL: https://github.com/apache/rocketmq/issues/11460

   ### Before Creating the Bug Report
   
   - [x] I found a bug, not just asking a question, which should be created in 
[GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/apache/rocketmq/discussions).
   
   - [x] I have searched the [GitHub 
Issues](https://github.com/apache/rocketmq/issues) and [GitHub 
Discussions](https://github.com/apache/rocketmq/discussions)  of this 
repository and believe that this is not a duplicate.
   
   - [x] I have confirmed that this bug belongs to the current repository, not 
other repositories of RocketMQ.
   
   
   ### Runtime platform environment
   
   Windows 11; local checkpoint files and native common/remoting module tests. 
No live broker or HA failover claim.
   
   ### RocketMQ version
   
   develop, revision 5.5.1, commit 57c2dc04f78cc7e73e6b8c9436ee0fff0d0f46c3.
   
   ### JDK Version
   
   OpenJDK 1.8.0_302 (GraalVM CE 21.2.0), Maven 3.6.3.
   
   ### Describe the Bug
   
   CheckpointFile.read(String) parses the entry count and CRC with 
Integer.parseInt. An empty, truncated or nonnumeric header throws 
NumberFormatException, while public read() only catches IOException to recover 
from .bak. A valid backup is therefore ignored. 
EpochFileCache.initCacheFromFile also only catches IOException.
   
   ### Steps to Reproduce
   
   1. Create a CheckpointFile<String> whose serializer writes and reads the 
entry string unchanged.
   2. Write Collections.singletonList("saved") and copy the checkpoint file to 
checkpoint.getBackFilePath().
   3. Replace the primary file with "invalid\n0\nvalue\n" (or an empty file).
   4. Call checkpoint.read().
   
   The valid backup can be read on its own; the malformed primary prevents 
reaching it.
   
   ### What Did You Expect to See?
   
   Malformed numeric headers enter the existing IOException recovery path and 
the valid backup is returned. If the backup header is also invalid, the final 
failure is IOException with the failing path and NumberFormatException as its 
cause.
   
   ### What Did You See Instead?
   
   An unchecked NumberFormatException escapes from parsing the primary header 
instead of loading the valid backup.
   
   ### Additional Context
   
   The proposed fix only wraps the two numeric header parses; serializer 
exceptions are not swallowed. Existing valid-primary precedence and CRC/count 
mismatch behavior are regression controls. Six new header tests plus the three 
existing remoting CheckpointFileTest tests pass on the independent patch (9 
native tests, 0 failures/errors/skips). Baseline native Surefire reproduced the 
NumberFormatException and stopped after the first failure; not all six new 
methods ran before the fix. Checkstyle/SpotBugs pass.
   
   PR #11032 concerns empty checkpoint state and does not handle malformed 
numeric headers. Issue/PR/discussion searches did not identify this 
header-recovery fix.
   
   AI assistance: OpenAI Codex was used for investigation, implementation and 
tests.


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